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Effect of Stevia on oral biofilms - a pilot study in vitro

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Effekten av Stevia på orala biofilmer

- en pilotstudie in vitro.

Fadi Romi

André Holmkvist

Handledare: Jessica Neilands

Masterarbete (30 hp) Malmö högskola

Tandläkarprogrammet Odontologiska fakulteten

Februari, 2016 205 06 Malmö

(2)

Sammanfattning

Syfte

Syftet med denna laborativa pilotstudie in vitro var att undersöka hur den mikrobiella sammansättningen och pH i den orala biofilmen påverkades vid upprepad exponering för Stevia (steviosid och rebaudiosid A), sackaros eller en kombination av reb A och sackaros. Ett ytterligare syfte var att studera om isolat av orala bakterier kunde metabolisera reb A i

buljongkultur.

Material och metod

Biofilmer från tre personer blev exponerade för 0,025 % steviosid, 0,025 % reb A eller 10 % Todd Hewitt (TH) under 15 minuter tre gånger dagligen i fyra dagar. Artbestämning gjordes i början och slutet av försöken. Biofilmerna exponerades för 0,025 % reb A och 10 % sackaros eller en kombination av dessa varefter pH-värdet mättes. Vidare studerades 23

bakteriestammar avseende förmåga att metabolisera 0,025% respektive 0,5% reb A.

Resultat

Streptokocker dominerade i samtliga biofilmer vid försökets slut oavsett om de exponerats för steviosid, reb A eller enbart TH.

En pH-sänkning kunde ses hos biofilmerna som enbart blivit exponerade för sackaros eller för en kombination av sackaros och reb A. Däremot kunde endast en marginell pH-sänkning observeras efter exponering för enbart reb A.

Ingen av de enskilda bakteriestammar som studerades kundemetabolisera reb A.

Slutsats

Ingen större skillnad i biofilmens bakteriesammansättning kunde ses efter upprepad exponering för steviosid eller reb A i förhållande till TH.

Upprepade exponeringar av reb A i kombination med sackaros gav en liknande pH-sänkning som enbart sackaros, dock sågs ingen pH-sänkning efter exponering för enbart reb A. Enskilda bakteriestammar kunde inte metabolisera reb A.

(3)

Effect of Stevia on oral biofilms

- a pilot study in vitro.

Fadi Romi

André Holmkvist

Supervisor: Jessica Neilands

Master´s degree (30 hp) Malmö University

Program of dentistry Faculty of Odontology

February, 2016 205 06 Malmö

(4)

Abstract

Aims

In this in vitro laboratory pilot study, the effect on the microbial composition and pH of the oral biofilms after repeated exposure to Stevia (stevioside and rebaudioside A), saccarose or a combination, was investigated. Another aim was to study whether isolate of oral bacteria were able to metabolise reb A in broth bacteria culture.

Material and Method

Biofilms from three adult individuals were repeatedly exposed to 0,025% stevioside, 0,025% reb A or 10% Todd Hewitt (TH). Samples were taken at the beginning and at the end of the experiment for cultivation and bacterial identification.

Biofilms were exposed to 0,025% reb A and 10% saccharose, either separately or combined, followed by a pH-measurement. Furthermore, 23 bacterial species were studied in regards to ability to metabolize reb A.

Results

All biofilms were dominated by Streptococcus regardless of whether they were exposed to stevioside, reb A, or TH.

A pH-decrease was seen in biofilms exposed to saccharose or a combination of saccharose and reb A. However, only minor changes were noted after exposure to reb A.

None of the species studied were able to metabolize reb A.

Conclusion

No major differences in the bacterial composition of the biofilms were seen after repeated exposure to stevioside or reb A compared to TH.

No pH-decrease after repeated exposure to reb A was noted. Exposure to reb A combined with saccharose resulted in a pH-decrease similar to exposure to saccharose.

References

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