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X-ray Computed Tomography on

Chemically Modified Wood

12th Annual Meeting of WSE, 12-13 Sep. 2016, Riga, Latvia

M. Sedighi Moghaddam, J. Van den Bulcke , M. Wålinder , P. Claesson, J. van Acker & A. Swerin

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 Dimensional stability  Biological resistance  High durability  Higher hardness Wood modification Wood modification

Thermal Mechanical Chemical

Acetylation Furfurylation

Surface modification

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Chemically modified wood samples

Acetylated southern yellow pine (SYP) 15.9% 22.2% acetyl content SYP 28% Furfurylated 45%

Weight percentage gain

Maple 32%

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- Sedighi et al., Langmuir(2013), 29(39): 12145-12153.

BACKGROUND

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ࡲ ࢎ ൌ ࡼࢽࢉ࢕࢙ࣂ െ ࣋࡭ࢎࢍ ൅ ࡲ࢝ሺ࢚ሻ

Multi-cycle Wilhelmy plate method

 Contact angle  Dynamic sorption

 Swelling/capillarity

 Dimensional stability  Extractives dissolution

Swelling liquid/ Water

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Chemically modified wood

Dynamic sorption

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Chemically modified wood

Dynamic sorption

Acetylated SYP-22.2% Furfurylated SYP

Acetylation: reduces swelling

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 Correlate wetting properties to microstructure

 X-ray computed tomography to visualize

anatomical details and to quantify micro- structural

properties of chemically modified wood

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Microstructure

100 µm

Acetylated SYP Unmodified SYP

Tracheid Cell wall

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100 µm

Unmodified SYP Furfurylated SYP, 45%

12

Microstructure

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Microstructure- 3D & Quantification

100 µm

100 µm  Porosity

 Cell wall thickness  Tracheid size

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Microstructure- wetting properties

100 µm 100 µm SYPacet22.2 SYPctrl22.2 SYPacet15.9 SYPctrl15.9 Maplefurf32 Maplectrl SYPfurf45 SYPfurf28 SYPctrl

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Microstructure- wetting properties

100 µm

100 µm

Acetylation: same porosity, reduces only swelling

Furfurylation: lower porosity, reduces both swelling

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100 µm

100 µm 100 µm

Unmodified maple Furfurylated maple 32%

Vessel Fiber

Rays

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100 µm

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Microstructure-Cell wall thickness

100 µm

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Conclusions

 Wetting vs Microstructure

Acetylation Furfurylation

Swelling Capillarity Porosity

c a p il la ri ty porosity

 XCT for quantify the anatomical changes

in wood due to the chemical modification

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Acknowledgements

References

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