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De origine myrrhæ controversa, specimen tertium quod venia exp. Fac. Med. Ups. præside Adamo Afzelio, ... p. p. Olavus Gothén, ... Vermelandus. in audit. Gust. die IX Dec. MDCCCXVIII.

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r i I J L . K T M E D . D O C T . , M \ T . M E D . E T DI E T - P R O F . R F T E. O. , « K G . A C A D S C I E N T . S T OC 1 I II . R K G . S O C . S C I E N T . U P S , C . E S A R . A C A D . K A T . C U R I O S . E R L A N G . , U E G . S O C L O N D . , £ T R E G . S O C . L I N A 7. LONJO. M K M 3 R O ,

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f ) A l e x a n d e r , d a s f e ad A rabiam in v a d e n d a m p a r a t a , plu ribus

a d e a m prius e x p l o r a n d a m & c ir c u m n a v ig a n d a m ut ebatu r e m is fa - r ii s , ut A r c h i a . A n d r o s t k n e & H t k r o n e S o l e n s i , q u o ­ rum ille c u m n avi triginta r e m o r u m n on ultra T y i u m (fin u s P e r ­ f ic i) infulam p r o c e d e r e eft au f u s , fed ifte c u m a l i a n ave tr ig in ta T e m o r u m f y s y j l f w t i c x r l tb> ’A oxßuv irocgin\tv<ri a l i q u a m p a r t e m C h er-

r o n e fi A r a b u m p t œ n a v i g a v i t ; & hic t a n d e m , cui e tiain d a t a n a v e

t r i g i n t a r e m o r u m m a n d a v e r a t A l e x a n d e r , u t rov x t f f j v y r o v rôV

Afeé/JoiV 7TX7XV c i r c u m n a v i g a r e t ... , ad E u m r e v e r f u s , l i n y -ytiXg t o y J y t S o i r s Tys ygggovyok S u v y x s o v ri hvxt, r e t l i m c i a v i t »IR- g n i t u d i n e m C h s r r o n e f i m i r a n d a m e s j e , n e q u e In dor um terra m u l ­

t o i n f e r i o r e m , & p r o m o n t o r i u m «jus in m a g n a m O c e a n i p a r t e m p r o m i n e r e , Ar r i a n. E x p e d it . A l e x . Lib. 7., E d . J a c . Gr o n o v i i

L u g d . B a t a v . 1704.. F :o p . q o r fq .

g ) Arabi» PeÜX - - - - tlerxgo ytggôvycro! y g y l r v itXxrvTXTui ItrSyw ngar-

gyoyt-.y nigigotTrof rj/ $ x \ x a c y , f i c u t C kc rrotiefü S m a g n a l a t i s ß - tno iflh m o ( c o n t i n e n t i ) a d h e e r e n s , m a r i c i r c u m l u i t u r , M a r c i a n .

P er ip lu s Maris E x t e r n i , p , / 5 in G e o g r a p h ia e V e t . S c r i p t o r . G r æ c . M i r o r . F ol. O x o n . r ô ç S . 8 : 0

h ) Ip fa v e r o p e n i n f u l a A r a b i a i t i t e r d u o m a r i a , R u b r u m P e r ft- c u m q u e , p r o c u r r e n s , cet., P l i n . N a t . H ilh Lib. 6 . Cap. 38*

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t e r firm s A r a b i c u m & P e r f i c u m p o f i t a m , Xeg^vpcrcv, P en tn fa •

/ a m , v e l i m u s a p p e l l a t a m . — N o m e n : ’A iïç ccpuTToc, v el ur e t ia i n f c r i b i t u r : ’Aiïg ccpirc* & ’A ^ c c / u m t o c , a l i b i q u i d e m non i n v e n i ­ m u s . S e d d i C h a t r a m o t i t i r, À r a b i æ F e l i c i s p o p u l o Cctn banis

a d O r i e n t e m c o n t e r m i n o i ) , m e m i n i t S t e f a n u s /6), ô i d t

A t r a m i t ' n , p a g o S a b a s o r u m , P l i n i u s l ) . Ec l i q u i d e m h i , e t i a m

A d r a m i t a n o m i n a t i , a b illis n o n f u e r i n t d i v e r f i t u ), m i n i m e v i ­ d e t u r i m p r o b a b i l e , e s f e h u n c S a b s e o r u m p a g u m , q u e m ’A Sgot-

fjLVTTixv l'eu ’A dgotfxtTUv n u n c u p a t T h e o p h r a s t u s . Praeterea v e ­ r o f u i t q u o q u s i n f u l a q u o n d a m L y c i a e ’ A S g o c p v r n s S t e p h a : o v o c a t a « ) , & n o b i l i s o l i m T r o a d i s u r b s , A Ï Ï ç m / j i v t t i o v f i v e A*

iïç c t/ A V T r e iw , l a u d a t a m u l t i s v e t e r u m & e a d t m f o r t a s f i s , q u x n u n c L a n d r a m i t i a u d i t o ) . — E r a n t S t r a b o n i s K c c r c t ß x v e i s p )

i ) V id . Ce l l a r i u s l. c. p . 705;.

k) D i& io n a r iu m c it. p . 2 7 3 - , ubi C h a t r a m i t i s , r e g i o Arabiae j u x ta mare Ru br um fita, laudatur u t m y r r h ife r a , & cu ju s incolae e t i t m

C h a t r a m o t œ , C h a i r i m m i t œ , C h a t r i m m i t i t c e , i m m o A t r a m o t i t œ su -f t o r i b u s d icun tu r -fu is-fe v o c a t i ; & C a tta m o titc e infup er , ut inter varias l e f t i o n e s e x f ta t in e d i t i o n e P l i n i i N a t . H ilt. G r o n o v i a n a »

L u g d . B a t a v . 1 6 6 9 . 8:0 P

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I) Lac. cit. Lih. Cap. / 4 , ubi b æ c l e g u n t u r : In medio ejus ( A r a ­ biae) f e r e fun t A t r a m i t œ , p a g u s Salictorum, capite regni S » b o t a %

in monte tx c e lfo, c e t . — I d e m jam fupra Lib. 6 , Cap. 2g. n o t a v e ­ rat b is nim iru m v e r b i s : P a r s eorum ( p o p u l o r u m Arabiae) A t r a -

mit c e , quorum caput Sabota ( v e l Sobotale, u t h a b e n t alii c o d i c e s )

L X templa m uris includens.

n i ) V i d * St e p h a n u s l. & pcc. a t q u e Ce l l a r i u s l. c. p .

« ) Loc. c it. p . 2 6 .

o ) Cfr. C e l l a r i u s /. e. p . 4 2 & St e p h a n u s i. & p . ee.

p ) V id . C e l l a r i u s i c. p. 7 0 5 . S e d S t e p h a n u s e o s C a t a b a n e s

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& Pl i n i i C atabani q) gens A it.b ix Felici* q u o n d i m n o n ig n o -

b i.is , & eo’rum regio d»ctba»ur Kurocßctiioc r ) , eadem fine d ub io ac Kxrccßcuvoc. — P o ftr e m o i d l o c u m v o c a b u l o : M « A i , vel ut hebet C o d e x A ld in m : M u p c t h i , fignificatum q u od a t t i n e t , v ix t fi q uod d u b i'e m u s , eu m fuisle Arabiae Felicis o lim v i c u m , q u e m M a fx x h o t P t o l f m æ u i n om in at / ) . A lio q u i f im ilifu d o v o ­ cis de E m p o r i o , M a le o s uicflo, in Æ thiop ia n u n c A bysfin ia ad fretu m B . b e l m a n d t l q u on d am f lo r e n t e , a u f u n c o g ita n d i prae­ bere p o t i e t , /J.

Q u * ad explananda & in felligen da con ferant n o m in a farpe obfcura J o c o r u m , in quibus arborem m y r r h i f e r a m nafei m e m o ­ rat T h e o p h r a s t u s , haec lunt o m n i a , quae in vtftigare & c o l l i ­ gere liuc m q u e p otu im u s. N u n c ad S t i r p e s , quibus ili« m ali­ q u o m o d o f im i le m r e t e r t , adgredia m ur p a u il o accuratius e x a ­ min andas. E f quu m e«in ante alias c u m arbore c o m p a r a t t S

A ißcc va)T 8, vel ut vu g o v o c a t u r , t u r if e r a , n u x u n i inteierit pri­

m u m f c i r e , quaemm haec fit & q uo n o m in e appelletur Botan ico. Illufiris o l i m n o fiia s v o n L i n n c , eam esfe credebat j u n i p e r u m

l y t i a m u ) , fide & au cfloiitatc, nifi o m n in o f a llim u r , in dudlus

P l i n i u s quoaue Catubznum meminit, utpote qui Arabiam fterile» incolunt. Vid. fcjus A a t . H i ß . Lib. 5 . C a p . 11.

q ) Qui inter Gentes Arabiæ numerantur ad utraque maria porre&ag

ur Laren d tn us, G e b a m ta s, Toanos, A c c h ita s , Saiceos, propter

tura clarisfimos, cet. Vid. Ejus N a t. tJtft, Lib. 6. Cap. i t .

r ) Vid. fupra n o t . p ) .

s ) Cfr. S t e p h a n u s l. c. p j ç ç . t ) Vid. St e p h a n u s l. fe? p . cc.

u) Ita f c n b ‘*ur in Fjtis Spec. Plant. ed. r. a p . i o j ç , ed 2 p. r jf r , ' , S y fy. N i t . ed. j o p . i2 Ç f . fe? M at. M-A. ed 2. j0. 2 \ J . cete- risque omnibus. Sed in S y ii. N at. ed. 12 T. 2. p 6 6 0 , fe? S y /l. V e g e t. ed. / 3 . p . ed. îy.. p . g p s & ed. / j p . p j ö . exftat

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lyci-T h e v e t ! v E r iliu m portea fecuti «d noflra fcre fcmpora Scrip o rts Materiae M t d ic æ tantum non o m n c s , quin im in o in h o d i e r n u m u s q u e diem Pharmacopaeæ Svecicæ D ispofitores no- v i s f i m æ a>) ; q u a n t u m v i s huic re», praeter multa « lia , répugnant aperta I h e o p h i î a s t i verba : ÇivÀAov dV e%e/v èpiCpeçes TVj Açicc, vei fi m a v is : ty} ' A m œ , y p E ten im utram libet, A r i a m an P i ­

r u m , c o g i ta v e r is , foiia neutrius u llo m o d o acerofis cujuscum-

q u e ‘Juniperi dici queunt iim ilia. U n d e certo etiam licet c o n ­ c l u d e r e , qu di; cunque fint folia arboris o lib an ifcræ , neutiquam illa e s f e acerofa; quod recentior quoque ætas nofira co n fiim a v it,

K 2. E x r o m i n e fi judrrare l i c e a t , verifirnillimom videtur, noftrum

v*. b i N N e i n itio tortasfis credidisle , ^ J u n ipero t h u r i f e t ce deberi O i b3t u n fed m e lio ra d e in d e edo&uru {Vntentiam tr.utasfe. H anc q u id e m a rborem n u llo ejustn odi fucco ftiliare, firmisfime adfeverat in arte h e r b a r ia , dum v i x i t , c e leb er r im u s V k k t e n a t in praefa­ t i o n e O p e r i s : D e f e r . d e s P l a n t e s ...d a n s le J a r d i n de J. M. C e l s , P a r . A n . 8 - 9 4:0. — N i h i l o ta m en m inus fjfunip. t u r i f e .

r a m p o t i u s quam L y c i a m largiri O libanum exifiim are videtur A . BE KMAJKR, quum ilii in fine & hanc cum figno in te rr o g a tio n is r o t a v i t , vid. Tafchenb. d e r P h a r m a c . r . t e r B . d , L e i p z . 1 8 0 9 S ‘-&

S . 6j? :j. — T a n d e m ne que f f u n . L y c i a m tW.o fubftantiam produ­

c e r e , pe rfuafisfim um fe h a b e r e , adierit P ro fesfo r S i'K B N G E L , in

In f l i t u t . P l a n in a :. L i p f , & A d e n b . r g / 5 . 8'o p . / 5 9 .

v ) Q ui T o m o i C o s m o g r a p h i a e , Lib, I V fe rib it: ’’ T h u r i fe r a m p i ­ n u s re fln i f e r a s r e f e r r e , & fu c c u m f u n d e r e , q u i te m p o r e d u r e fc it

T h u s v o c a t u r , cum q uo g r a n u l a r e p e r i u n t u r a r e n a g u t f a ­ bulo fim ilia , q u a m a n n a m T h u r i s v o ca n t. M u l t a s r e g i o n e s Ö* i n ­ f u l a s h u i u s esfe f e r a c e s y non folum A r a b i a m . " Q u æ verb a, qu um in B ib lio th ec a nofira A c a d . m i r * n on invenitur C o s m o g r a p h i a A n d » , T h e v e t i » e x c e r p fim u s e x E d it io n e B o d æ i H i ß . P l a n t , T h j c o -

P H R A S i i , A m f l . i 6 q . \ , F :q p . 9 7 9 . X ) Hohn- 1 8 1 7 • ed. g \ o p , 2 5 & 4 : 0 p . 2 7 .

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quatenus ex p loratu m nunc h a b e m u s , t o Aißccvoorcv q uid em I n ­ dicum exfliliare a ib o r e m , cujus f olia funt pinnata romenrofa q u a m ­

q ue utpore n ovam n o m in e B o s w e lliœ f e r r a t a f tu riferce ante

m u lt o s annos defcripferunt & d elin ean d am cu raiun f Botanici A n- g'ii C o l e b r o o k e , R o x b u r g h & F n E M iN G 2 ) , atque fuis igitur Infiitutionrbus P harm acologicis ut flirpem Olibani v er tm inferuit P i o f e s f o r S p r e n g e l n). — Q u u m vero d u p lex fuit O lib a n n m antiquitus n o i u m . nobis a d m o d u m videtur p r o b . b i l e , n o n tam illu d ex rem ota I n d i a O r ie n ta l i hcic inrc-liigeie T h e o p h r a s t u m ,

q uam potius quod ferebat ‘m u lt o p ropin quior A r a b i a atque Æ ~

g y p t u s , & cujus flirprs folia fimilia dicit foliis rvjsr ’A?r;S v e l

fortasfe m T u s T'e]ç ’Açicts) quarum v o c u m illius q uid em f i g n i - ficatio c ogn ita cfl & bene Habilita, fed huju s n o n item . N o s falrim d u b it a m u s , h«r c aib ore m o m n in o eam dein credere ac n o flr a m C r a t c e g i m A r i a m , ut f ic e r u n t b. vi n L i N \ e ' & p o A eum h u c usque B otan icor u m p leiiq u e. — EH n im iru m T h e o ­

p h r a s t o ri h ç i K arbor materie d u i :3f i m a, natura perpetua & ad carbones utilislima , atque praeterea L a u r o fimilis b). Sed vald e

z ) O p e r u m p r e tio fo r u m : A f i a t i c Refearches & P lan ts o f Coroman­ d el, q u u m V o l u m i n a i l l a, in q u ib u s a r b o rem Oiibano I dico ftil- lantecn deficriptam & delir .eatam e x h i b u e r u n t A w f t o r e s fupra ne* m i n a t i , n o n d u m in fp ic ere n o b is licuit, c e q u e ex. his f o n d b u s n o ti- t i '» n » i d i u s arboris haurire p o t u i m u s , fed tu m e x a lio r u m l i b r i s , u t S t a c kh. L c. p r j , Ej usd. E x t r a ï ï s f r o m B r u c e ’s T ravels in /jbysfit.i.* & other tn o d tm authorities, refpeffing the B ilfa m & M y r r h Trees, B s ‘h , 1815. 8'o p. X f X - X X l P i 111. f . , a tq u e

S p r e n g . / & p cc., tu m etiam e x E p h e m e r id ib u s litterariis, r q - m i atim Gueitingifche gelehrte / In zeigen, ann 1 8 12 N\o i p ç & E r g å n z u n g s h lå tte r Zur al gem . L itt e r atu r z e it un g , ann. 1817. iV:is

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« ) C H t i t i V p r f s g e l T n ß i t u t M e d T o m V P h a r m a c o t o g ï a , &

c u m f p e c w li etia m T i t u f o : I n ß i t . P h a r m a c o l c et. loc. cit.

b ) V id . T h e o p h ” . !. c. Lib. 4 . Tap. g . p . p r i m . Lib. Cap. 4. p. 51?. Cap. 5 . p. 53fr & Cap. 10. p.

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la revera e s f e fim p licia. E e n i m q u x infer h x c & c o m p o s a in ­ t e r c e d it , d fF .r e n tia m n o n Temper rire a liinadverrisTe Verercs exiftim eufu r. P l i n i u s v . gr. de F r a x in o , quam fo!ia l u be re pin- nara n o v i m u s , lo q u e n s: G raeci, in q u it, duo genera ejus f t e t r e :

lo n gam enodem , a lte ram b r e v e m , du riorem f u s c io r e m q u t, lau reis f o l i i s d). H r c infer p u es forti.>fi> una fi ratio , cur Herbari­

o r u m m u l t i , ut G e s h e r u j , C l u s i u s , C æ s a l e - i n u « , c e t . , A r ia n e T h e o p h r a s t i Sorbum appeilaveiinr e ) , & e o d e m h o c n o m i n e h e i e uTus fuerit verten Io armiger S t a c k h o u 9 E f ) . Quin etiam c o n v e a it hasc interpretatio in relationem d e arbore tui itera alte­ ram a T h e o p h r a s t o intra notatam, qua Lentifco i Pifraciæ Len« tifc o L . ) , cujus folia fine dubio pinnata Tunt, fiiniiis fertur. — Quae ig û u r hactenus fufius com m en tati f u m u s , una cum i l l i s , quae nulla c o m m en ta tio n e e g e n t , fi in fu m m a m rediguntur & i a

e ) Poftquatn e n i m , nuMam in A n b i a a p n d m are R u b n i m nafei s r b o - rem irXy* ty\s xxxvJijt rtjs i l/x^os Kx>.Mutvtjf, io in itio Ltb. 3.. Cxp. S*

d ix it T h e o p h r a s t u s , haeic^ a d d f i v^rbi 'E vi* r * ^uXxrrti i j v S f »

f t v f o x ttv x ( p v i r c t f , * « / MxXxTtv xvToc A* X w v KOCf E k x u c v. Er» <b *i ,u ir A -*<£»7 îuoix J# ’EX*/« {p vW u . Lj isin o d i rutern arbores,

q lae r evera funt L a u r u s & Utra 6c «q u is rubri m i r i s i n r .a fcu n tar, B » t a n i c i s , q l o d t io " d u m in n o ru erun t. S e d p e r t in e t fin e dubio u t r a q j e ad aiiud q u o d a m genus.

d ) Loc. cit. Lib. i 6. C*p. 13.

l ) Cfr. Pin. T i i e a t r B o t. C a s p . B a u h i n t , Ra/il. H ' l v . 1623. 4.'o p . 4 5 a . - A u c t r e * h e ic lau lati a r b o r e , qusun S a * bum n om inarun r,

p o U u s f e int<-l'i,»ere p u ten tu r aeque Cratce^um torminalem L atq u e E j u s C r a t . A ' i a n . V e l p o tiu s fit fortasfis ’Aj>»« T h e o p h r a s t i

f p e c k s a i i q . u S orbi v el Cratcegi f o liis divifis h u c u»q u e n u o d e ­ finita.

(11)

= = 23

li n g u a m transferuntur B o t a n ic a m , defcrip tio arboris t u r i f erce quatenus e n o tation e Th e o f h r a s t i fupra citata c o g n o f c a t u r , erit a d m o d u m haec:

A r b o r m e d io c r is, quali quinque cubitos a lt a , ram o/isfim a. C r e f c it in I n d i x , S y r i x , A rabia ;, C h e r f o n t f i , Saba: cet. m o n t a ­

nis praealtis & fub eor u m r a d i c i b u s ; — in fo!o fubargilla - c e o & quod ic h iflo con flat.

C o r t e x totius aib oris Isevis, ut L a u r i ( n o b i l i s L.)

F o l ia cujusdam Sorbi fed m u lt o m i n o r a , laevia, fhaJasfina inflar Rutc e ( g r a v e o le n ti s L .); — vel (P ifta ciæ L S) L en tifci,

tamen fub iu b ic un da.

F r u f î i u — e t i a m L en tifci.

Et huic com parata defcrip tio Botanica arboris m y r -

r h i f e r œ , quatenus e verbis T h e o p h r a s t i fupra allatis hauriri p o s f i t , haec erit:

A r b o r praecedenfe hum ilior & fru tic o fio r; — vel (Piftaciæ L.) T herebinth o lim ilis fed fcabrior & fpin ofior.

C r efcit in iis dem regionibus locisque.

T r u n c u r tortuofus, d u r u s, juxta terram fui a crasfior.

C o r t e x acule atus (

1

. f p i n o f u s } , f c a b e r , ut (Arbuti L. ) An~ drachm e.

Folia

inflar Olear (eu rop xæ L. g ) , fed villofa cp iceq ue fubfpino- fa, ficut ( Q u e r c u s L ) P r i n i A ) ; — vel inflar T h erebinth i

& g u flu & f o r m a , p a u ilo tamen rotu nd iora.

g ) S e n f u s beic ut antea m o n u i m u s , probabiliter erit, foliorum arbo­ ris m y r r h i f e r c e fi n g u l o s ta n tu m lobos, vel pinnas, foliis Olece in­

tegris e s f e f im il e s , vid. fupra p. i j . not. t.

h) F o li a hujus arboris d e n t ic u lis a p i c e callofîs inftruéla esfe novi­ mus; cfr. praeterea S t a c k h , /, c. p . 5 . n. b.

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R e s t a t n u n c , ut e n, q u æ d e r a t i o n e M y r r h a m a f q u e 0 - L i b a n u m l e g e n d i c u m q u e i llis m e r c a n d t n a r r a t T h i u p h r a s t u s,

e t q u æ d e M y r r h ar d i v e r s i t a t e e j u s q u e p r o b a t i o n e a c c t p e u r , u n -

d e m a t t i n g a m u s ,

Sc t l i c e t post relatam prim am, quam supra p . 12 l. i - - i 2

n o t a v i m u s , arborum myrrhiteræ turiferasque infer se com para­ t aru m d;fcrip d o n e m , a nautis, qui ex H eroum oppido foiveranr, co m m un icat.,!)), addit i ) , "nautas iftos" in m o n te, quem aquæ quaerendae causia a d fc e n d e ia n t, non m o d o ipfas vidisfe at bores, v er um etiam a n im a d v ertisfe, harum & truncos & ramos fuisfe i n c if o s , alios n im iru m velut fecuri re fcisfo s, alios tenuioribus lign atos in cifu ris; lacrimas inde partim decidere, partim arbo­

ribus inhaerere; earque d em um tum fubjcctis tegetibus palmeis

e x c i p i , tum lo l o tan uiti cir c u m p a v ito .”

A d mercaturam quod attinet, iidem nau:æ memorarunt, ”m on­

tem ilium univerfum inter S abæ os, lo c i d o m in o s, esfe divifum ; o b horum juliitiam n em inem luas ibidem arbores cuflodire; at* que adeo & O libanum & M y r r h a m fefe largiter inde ad naves deportasfe. Praeterea fe audisfe dixerunt, M y r r h a m & Olibanum undique co lleg iu m ad S o ü s con vehi delu brum , Sabæis o m n iu m f a n d is f im u m ; cu llod es illic esle Arabes arm atos, qui invigilant fuo quisque acervo & quibus fimiliter M y r r h a relinquitur; luper q u e m q ue acervum tabulam p o n i , in qua num erus m enfurarum litteris fignificatur æque ac pretium, quod pro fingulis menfuris fit p erlolvendum ; m erca to res, quando illuc venerint, feripturas in fp ic er e, & quod illis p la cu er it, d im e n fo s , ejus pretiurn in eo- deui ponere l o c o , u n d e m erces abstulerint; facerdotem deinde accedere & parte tertia pretii D eo detnta, reliquum ibidem re­ lin quere; idque d o m in is lervari tutisfim e, d o n e c id acceptum advenerint.1'

i) L. c. Lib. <9. Cap. 4. p. ubi modus & colligendi & mercan­

References

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