Aday Leo Demirel
Handledare/ Charlie Gullström, Ori Merom
Supervisor
Examinator/ Per Franson Examiner
Examensarbete inom arkitektur, avancerad nivå 30 hp Degree Project in Architecture, Second Level 30 credits
8 juni 2017
St. Thaddeus
-Syriac Orthodox Church
Titel
匀琀⸀ 吀栀愀搀搀攀甀猀
匀礀爀椀愀挀 伀爀琀栀漀搀漀砀 䌀栀甀爀挀栀
䴀愀猀琀攀爀 䐀攀最爀攀攀 倀爀漀樀攀挀琀 椀渀 䄀爀挀栀椀琀攀挀琀甀爀攀Ⰰ
刀漀礀愀氀 䤀渀猀琀椀琀甀琀攀 漀昀 吀攀挀栀渀漀氀漀最礀 ⠀䬀吀䠀Ⰰ 匀琀漀挀欀栀漀氀洀⤀
䈀礀 䄀搀愀礀 䰀攀漀 䐀攀洀椀爀攀氀Ⰰ 匀琀甀搀椀漀 㐀
吀甀琀漀爀猀㨀 伀爀椀 䴀攀爀漀洀 ☀ 䌀栀愀爀氀椀攀 䜀甀氀氀猀琀爀洀
匀琀⸀ 吀栀愀搀搀攀甀猀
匀礀爀椀愀挀 伀爀琀栀漀搀漀砀 䌀栀甀爀挀栀
䴀愀猀琀攀爀 䐀攀最爀攀攀 倀爀漀樀攀挀琀 椀渀 䄀爀挀栀椀琀攀挀琀甀爀攀Ⰰ
刀漀礀愀氀 䤀渀猀琀椀琀甀琀攀 漀昀 吀攀挀栀渀漀氀漀最礀 ⠀䬀吀䠀Ⰰ 匀琀漀挀欀栀漀氀洀⤀
䈀礀 䄀搀愀礀 䰀攀漀 䐀攀洀椀爀攀氀Ⰰ 匀琀甀搀椀漀 㐀
吀甀琀漀爀猀㨀 伀爀椀 䴀攀爀漀洀 ☀ 䌀栀愀爀氀椀攀 䜀甀氀氀猀琀爀洀
summary
history
maps
site
elements
diagram
proposal
illustration
architecture model
references
䌀氀漀愀欀爀漀漀洀
䠀愀氀氀 漀昀 匀瀀栀攀爀攀 ⬀
䐀椀愀欀漀渀欀氀愀猀猀 伀洀欀氀搀渀椀渀最猀爀甀洀 䄀爀欀椀瘀
匀愀椀渀琀 吀栀愀搀搀攀甀猀Ⰰ 匀搀攀爀琀氀樀攀 匀礀爀椀愀挀 伀爀琀栀漀搀漀砀 䌀栀甀爀挀栀
䐀椀瀀氀漀洀愀 吀栀攀猀椀猀 戀礀 䄀搀愀礀 䰀攀漀 䐀攀洀椀爀攀氀Ⰰ 匀琀甀搀椀漀 㐀 䬀吀䠀
䠀愀氀氀 漀昀 匀瀀栀攀爀攀
Genesis
The Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch has the significance as the most ancient Christian church in the world. St. Paul are regarded as the Co-founder of the Patriarchate of Antioch in year 37, with the former serving as its first bishop and considered the first patriarch of the Syriac Orthodox Church.
The Syrian-Orthodox Monastery of Mor Gabriel, is one of the oldest Christian monasteries in the world. It is located in Tur Abdin in south-east Turkey and is still today one of the most important
monasteries of the Syrian Orthodox Church of Antioch and seat of the metropolitan of the
Tur Abdin. The highest Patriarch is called Ignatius Aphrem II.
He became the 123rd Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch when he was enthroned as patriarch in Damascus on May 29, 2014.
The first group of 200 refugees arrived in Sweden from Lebanon 1967. The majority of this group belong to the Syriac Orthodox Church and come from countries such as Syria, Turkey and Lebanon.
The total population today of Syriacs in Sweden is 100.000 to 120.000 Syriacs.
The very first Syriac Orthodox Church build in Europe, is in Södertälje, Sweden called Saint Afrem.
The events of World War I (1914-1918) in the
Ottoman Empire (Turkey), where up to two million Christian citizens were killed, usually described as the Armenian genocide or Seyfo 1915.
King Abgar The Black of the Kingdom Osroene, was the very first Syriac or Christian King.
The King of Edessa (or today Urfa, South Turkey) has introduced the Christianity in his empire, called Osroene, with this capital at Edessa.
King Abgar had corresponded by letter with Jesus Christ.
Later, he is reported to have converted to Christianity, becoming the first ruling monarch in the world to do so. Approximately 30 A.D., the Syriac people begun to believe through Abgarus in Jesus Christ. This is were the Syriac Orthodox Church officially began.
Thaddeus of Edessa was one of the seventy disciples of Christ, who sent by St. Thomas the Apostle to Edessa in order to heal King Abgar V of
Osroene, who had fallen ill.
He stayed to evangelize, and converted Abgar and his people.
The Armenian King Abgarus V and Jesus had corresponded was first recounted in the 4th century by the church historian Eusebius of Caesarea.
In the origin of the legend, Eusebius had been shown documents purporting to contain the official
correspondence that passed between Abgar and Jesus, and he was well enough convinced by their
authenticity to quote them extensively in his Ecclesiastical History.
KARTA
Lebanon 10
Syriac Orthodox Churches Today
World Map
America 26 United States 16 Canada 4 Brasil 2 Argentina 4 Australia 7 Asia 120 Syria 37 Iraq 22 Israel 7 India 16 Lebanon 10 Turkey 28 Europe 78 Austria 2 Belgium 4 Germany 39 France 1 Netherlands 11 Sweden 16 Switzerland 4 United Kingdom 1 Total 231 Syriac Orthodox Churches
Kingdom of Osroene 132 BC - 244 AD
Site in Södertälje, Sweden
䌀攀渀琀爀愀氀 匀琀愀琀椀漀渀
匀搀攀爀琀氀樀攀 䠀漀猀瀀椀琀愀氀
匀礀爀椀愀挀 伀爀琀栀漀搀漀砀 䌀栀甀爀挀栀 䌀攀渀琀爀甀洀
匀搀攀爀琀氀樀攀 一愀琀甀爀攀 刀攀猀攀爀瘀攀 倀愀爀欀
䴀氀愀 爀攀渀
Map of Södertälje Centrum
STAD
The Site Today - Air Perspective
The Site Today - Air Perspective
Placement of Church on Site
St. Thaddeus and its environment
Crucial Elements for Research
LIGHT
The most important element for a church is probably the Lightning, I came with different approaches.
From both windows and roof i mixed the natural and normal lightning to gain a spiritual atmosphere.
At some points are glaspanels light colored (towards orange) to give it a warm experience.
ACOUSTIC
The acoustic element is important for the program. The shape of the church forms the acoustic, a huge factor is also the material, each
material has a different acoustic attribute. At the St. Thaddeus church is used a Italian White stone on the facade and bright stone floortiles.
Elements
There are many crucial elements for church. During my thesis I started to write down the most important components to get everything together.
I made a deeper research on every component to improve my proposal.
My Question at Issue to begin with states How can a building type, which is characterized as traditional church be interpreted as a modern one, still keep its traditional element and philosophy?
Along my question at Issue I could focus more on the small details, the following 8 components I took into account my church proposal.
SPACE
The space in a church is a crucial component, especially when the site is not that big. The most Space will be used for the pews (sitplaces), aisle, choir and altar.
SIGHTLINES
Sightlines for the visitor towards the altar is important, during the mass the visitor is going to experience a spiritually and clean view.
The huge woodbeams and big glaspanels is the modern interpretation of the traditional church
architecture.
SITE
This central site in Södertälje is a perfect place a house of worship.
A very central location, right in the central, besides the sea and a big parking lot.
The most special attribut of the site is the height, 8.50m height difference from the street, which gives a
additional graceful appealing.
QUESTION AT ISSUE
How can a building type, which is characterized as a traditional church be interpreted as a modern one, and still keep its traditional element and philo- sophy?
EVENTS Sunday Mass Baptism Wedding Diacon Class Funeral Eastern Christmas Other
SPIRIT
The term ”Spirit” or holy spirit can be found in the bible, which is stated to be a
”Realm beyond the ability or words to property convey. It must be experien- ced, realized, kindled, within like a holy fire”.
The target is to gain a spiritually atmosphere inside the Narthex and Nave.
MATERIAL
Both Light and Material are crucial elements for the church to gain right aura.
The outer and inner material of the church is italian white stone, which is also used in the Vatican.
Combined with bright wood and colored
glaspanels.
PLAN -1
䄀砀漀渀漀洀攀琀爀礀 䈀甀椀氀搀 䐀椀愀最爀愀洀
Plan -1
St. Thaddeus Church, Södertälje
CULTURAL CENTER
The Bottom Floorplan is used for the Cultural Center
The ecological café offers locally produced food and drinks. The social area is commonly full of activities. The outdoor caféis frequently used by visitors who come by to socialize, play chess, visit the library and enjoying the high view on Södertälje, nearby the sea Mälaren.
The outer stairs, leads both to the main level on the city and to the church level. The bottom floor is meant for socializing, activities and churchlectures. A History cabinett is placed in the middle of the floor, where the history of christianity is described, objects, pictures and precious documents are placed in the cabinett where people can study christianity and the history of syriac orthodox origin.
Multiple activities go on in the “Cultural Center Floor”. The total floor area is approximately 1.080 Squaremeters.
Program for Bottom Floor “Cultural Center”
Technique Room Storage Chair Storage Archive Switchboard Ventilation System Office & Meeting Point Lecture Room Toilett History Cabinett Exhibition Hall Library Local Caféteria
49,5 m
266,6 m
252,5 m
233 x 1 06 = 3 500
1 2 3 4
56
78
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19
20 21
22
23 24 25 26 27
28 29
30 31
32 33
F K
HWC DAM WC
HERR WC
Library
Cafeteria
Lecture Room (Bibelstund, Kör undervisning, etc.) Ventilation
Storage Chair Storage
Exhibition Hall
Switchboard
Office & Meeting Point
Café Desk
Exhibition Hall Administrativ
Storage, Switchboard, etc.
Cultural Center Café
History Cabinett Classroom
Library
Plan 0
St. Thaddeus Church, Södertälje
SYRIAC ORTHODOX CHURCH
The Main Floorplan is used for the Syriac Orthodox Church, St. Thaddeus
The entrance is featured with a gothic style arch and a big entrance door, the Narthex (Entrance Hall) is a big square with a perfect
symmetrical plane, in the middle of the hall is placed a round staircase which leads to the cultural center (bottom floor).
The 440 squaremeter big Narthel has four angled corners and two wings, every contains a important function. The four angles consist of Staircase (upwards) and Elevator, Cloakroom, Confession Room & small café before or after the worship.
The West Wing are three Bathrooms.
The East Wing is the Candive or Prayer Room, where the visitor can light up a candle and pray.
The room has special qualities, every material, light angle is fully thought out. The area is approximately 35sqm. The material on the walls are rough white italian stone. The floor has a darker stone material to view the light falling better. A 2.60m big Jesus Statue is placed in the middle of the wall, along the side are the candles mounted. The roof is a colored (diffuse orange) glass roof, underneath it is a 30mm aluminium frame installed, which contains a middle eastern pattern, called Mashrabiya. It helps the light to fall in more dramatical which gives a
spiritual atmosphere.
Continuing to the Nave (church hall), the entrance is a big two door entrance to the church, the material on the floor is bright stone with pattern, which leads to the altar. The total number of seats is approximately 450-500 divided into four rows.
The east and west side has twelve (amount of jesus disciplies) square windows along the path. The roof is carried by six wood roof trusses. The trusses are also carrying the glas panels between. Wired lamps are hanging across the Nave to light up the church during evening.
The Altar is elevated with three stairs, which is very traditional in a orthodox church. The Baptismal (baptism tup) is placed on the left tower
and the choir (deacon) are on the right tower, which is on a balcony to achieve a better acoustic.
Behind the Altar is big glas panel with a traditional cross. which is towards south. The risk consists of the sun heat, i solved the issue with a double glazed panel, where it cools down after the first glas panel.
33 x 106 = 3 500 1 2 3 4
56
78
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19
20 21
22
23 24 25 26 27
28 29
30 31
32 33
11 x 209 = 2 300 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 x 223 = 2 900
1234568910111213
HWC DAM WC HERR WC
Cloakroom
Hiss
Prayer Room
Biktrum
Smalll Café
A-A A-A
C-C C-C
B-B
B-B
Sacrista - Altar Nave - Churchhall
Deacon Balcony Priest Room
Candle & Prayer Room Narthex
Sphere Hall
The Upper Floorplan called Sphere Hall
The Sphere Hall less area as the Narthex (440 and 316 sqm), this floor is mostly used by the staff of the church.
Two lockerooms and a Bathroom.
On the West Wing there is a big archive for important matters. The circle in the middle is surrounded with a glas panel, with a slight diffuse, which is hardly to look through. The circle is also surrounded with big twelve pillars, which do not fulfill any bearing.
Each pillar is symbolized for every apostle of Jesus and are painted handmade.
The 13meter diameter Glas roof is equivalent mounted as the Wings, aluminium frame with Mashrabi- ya pattern with diffuse colored glas.
The glas is carried by two thick woodbeams which symbolises the traditional cross.v b
The Syriac Orthodox Church Emblem is the official symbol or emblem for Syriac Orthodox. It shows the eqiupment of the priest and bishops.
The arameic text translates into: Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch.
The 12 Apostles of Jesus
Jesus Christ selected 12 men from among his early followers to become his closest disciples. After an intensive discipleship course and following his resurrection from the dead, the Lord fully commis- sioned the apostles (Matthew 28:16-2, Mark 16:15) to advance God's kingdom and carry the gospel
message to the world.
The 12 Pillars are representing the 12 Apostles of Jesus.
Syriac Orthodox Church Emblem
PLAN +1
St. Thaddeus Church, Södertälje
13 x 223 = 2 900
123456
7
8910111213
HWC WC W
WC M
Dressingroom Men Archive
Dressingroom Women
Petrus
Andreas
Jakob
Johannes
Filippos
Bartolomaios Matteus
Tomas
Judas Thaddeus Simon
Jakob
Judas Iskariot
SPHERE HALL
BILD #002
圀攀猀琀 䘀愀挀愀搀攀 ⴀ 匀挀愀氀攀 㨀㈀
BILD #003
吀栀攀 䌀爀甀挀椀昀椀砀椀漀渀 漀昀 䨀攀猀甀猀
䨀攀猀甀猀 猀愀椀搀Ⰰ ᰠ䘀愀琀栀攀爀Ⰰ 昀漀爀最椀瘀攀 琀栀攀洀Ⰰ 昀漀爀 琀栀攀礀 搀漀 渀漀琀 欀渀漀眀 眀栀愀琀 琀栀攀礀 愀爀攀 搀漀椀渀最⸀ᴠ
ⴀ 䰀甀欀攀 ㈀㌀㨀㌀㐀
Modell #001
Modell #002
Modell #003
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䤀渀琀攀爀椀漀爀 倀攀爀猀瀀攀挀琀椀瘀攀 䐀攀琀愀椀氀 䴀漀搀攀氀
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栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀猀琀最愀戀爀椀攀氀⸀猀攀⼀㼀瀀愀最攀开椀搀㴀㌀ ㈀ ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㈀
栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀挀攀氀猀椀渀最⸀猀攀⼀瀀爀漀樀攀挀琀开搀椀猀瀀氀愀礀⸀瀀栀瀀㼀椀搀㴀㠀㠀☀瀀椀搀㴀㜀 㔀 ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㈀
栀琀琀瀀猀㨀⼀⼀猀瘀⸀眀椀欀椀瀀攀搀椀愀⸀漀爀最⼀眀椀欀椀⼀匀愀渀欀琀愀开䈀椀爀最椀琀琀愀开欀礀爀欀愀Ⰰ开匀琀漀挀欀栀漀氀洀 ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㈀
栀琀琀瀀猀㨀⼀⼀猀瘀⸀眀椀欀椀瀀攀搀椀愀⸀漀爀最⼀眀椀欀椀⼀䴀愀爀欀甀猀欀礀爀欀愀渀 ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㈀
栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀猀漀ⴀ爀甀洀洀攀琀⸀猀攀⼀欀愀琀攀最漀爀椀攀爀⼀爀攀氀椀最椀漀渀⼀欀爀椀猀琀攀渀搀漀洀攀渀⼀漀爀琀漀搀漀砀愀ⴀ欀礀爀欀愀渀⌀ ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㈀
栀琀琀瀀猀㨀⼀⼀猀瘀⸀眀椀欀椀瀀攀搀椀愀⸀漀爀最⼀眀椀欀椀⼀匀㨀琀开吀漀洀愀猀开欀礀爀欀愀 ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㌀
栀琀琀瀀猀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀戀愀甀渀攀琀稀眀椀猀猀攀渀⸀搀攀⼀最攀渀攀椀最琀氀ⴀ瘀漀渀ⴀ猀琀ⴀ攀氀攀漀渀ⴀ愀甀昀ⴀ搀攀洀ⴀ漀攀氀戀攀爀最ⴀ椀渀ⴀ樀攀爀甀猀愀氀攀洀ⴀ㠀㌀㘀㤀㔀 ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㌀
栀琀琀瀀猀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀戀愀甀渀攀琀稀眀椀猀猀攀渀⸀搀攀⼀最攀渀攀椀最琀氀ⴀ瘀漀渀ⴀ猀琀ⴀ攀氀攀漀渀ⴀ愀甀昀ⴀ搀攀洀ⴀ漀攀氀戀攀爀最ⴀ椀渀ⴀ樀攀爀甀猀愀氀攀洀ⴀ㠀㌀㘀㤀㔀 ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㌀
栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀挀栀甀爀挀栀椀渀琀攀爀椀漀爀猀⸀挀漀洀⼀洀愀猀琀攀爀ⴀ瀀氀愀渀渀椀渀最⼀ ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㌀
栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀猀礀爀椀愀渀漀爀琀栀漀搀漀砀挀栀甀爀挀栀⸀漀爀最⼀最攀渀攀爀愀氀ⴀ栀椀猀琀漀爀礀⼀ ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㌀
栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀猀礀爀椀愀渀漀爀琀栀漀搀漀砀挀栀甀爀挀栀⸀渀攀琀⼀䰀漀挀愀琀椀漀渀⼀唀渀椀琀攀搀䬀椀渀最搀漀洀⼀匀伀䌀ⴀ椀渀搀攀砀ⴀ唀䬀ⴀ攀渀⸀栀琀洀 ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㌀
栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀昀漀最攀渀⸀猀攀⼀瀀漀爀琀昀漀氀椀漀⼀瘀愀猀琀爀愀ⴀ欀愀渀愀氀最愀琀愀渀ⴀ㈀最愀洀氀愀ⴀ昀氀椀挀欀猀欀漀氀愀渀⼀ ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㐀
栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀洀愀爀欀ⴀ洀愀最愀稀椀渀攀⸀挀漀洀⼀渀攀眀猀⼀洀漀渀攀漀ⴀ戀爀漀挀欀ⴀ猀ⴀ挀栀甀爀挀栀ⴀ漀昀ⴀ愀ⴀ爀攀挀漀最渀椀稀愀戀氀攀ⴀ琀礀瀀漀氀漀最礀 ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㐀 栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀愀爀挀栀搀愀椀氀礀⸀挀漀洀⼀㜀㤀㔀㠀㌀⼀猀琀ⴀ攀氀椀攀ⴀ挀栀甀爀挀栀ⴀ洀愀爀漀甀渀ⴀ氀愀栀漀甀搀 ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㐀
栀琀琀瀀猀㨀⼀⼀最愀琀攀猀漀昀渀椀渀攀瘀攀栀⸀眀漀爀搀瀀爀攀猀猀⸀挀漀洀⼀㈀ ⼀ 㠀⼀ 㐀⼀琀栀攀ⴀ氀攀琀琀攀爀猀ⴀ漀昀ⴀ愀戀最愀爀ⴀ瘀⼀ ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㐀 栀琀琀瀀猀㨀⼀⼀最愀琀攀猀漀昀渀椀渀攀瘀攀栀⸀眀漀爀搀瀀爀攀猀猀⸀挀漀洀⼀㈀ ⼀ 㠀⼀ 㐀⼀琀栀攀ⴀ氀攀琀琀攀爀猀ⴀ漀昀ⴀ愀戀最愀爀ⴀ瘀⼀ ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㐀 栀琀琀瀀猀㨀⼀⼀攀渀⸀眀椀欀椀瀀攀搀椀愀⸀漀爀最⼀眀椀欀椀⼀吀栀愀搀搀攀甀猀开漀昀开䔀搀攀猀猀愀 ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㐀
栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀猀漀爀⸀挀甀愀⸀攀搀甀⼀倀甀戀⼀倀娀愀欀欀愀⼀匀伀䌀䄀琀䄀䜀氀愀渀挀攀⸀栀琀洀氀 ⴀ栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㐀
栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀愀爀挀栀搀愀椀氀礀⸀挀漀洀⼀㈀㤀㠀㜀㌀⼀挀栀愀瀀攀氀ⴀ漀昀ⴀ猀琀ⴀ氀愀眀爀攀渀挀攀ⴀ愀瘀愀渀琀漀ⴀ愀爀挀栀椀琀攀挀琀猀ⴀ瘀椀氀氀攀ⴀ栀愀爀愀ⴀ愀渀搀ⴀ愀渀甀ⴀ瀀甀甀猀琀椀渀攀渀 ⴀ 栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㐀 栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀猀栀愀氀漀洀栀漀氀礀琀漀甀爀猀⸀挀漀洀⼀猀琀ⴀ洀愀爀欀猀ⴀ猀礀爀椀愀渀ⴀ漀爀琀栀漀搀漀砀ⴀ挀栀甀爀挀栀⼀ ⴀ 栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㐀
栀琀琀瀀猀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀瀀椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀⸀猀攀⼀瀀椀渀⼀㌀㔀 㜀㠀㠀㈀㔀㠀㐀㔀㘀㤀㔀㠀㈀ 㔀⼀ ⴀ 栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㐀 栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀愀戀椀礀愀ⴀ洀愀猀栀爀愀戀椀礀愀⸀挀漀洀⼀ ⴀ 栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㐀
栀琀琀瀀猀㨀⼀⼀攀渀⸀眀椀欀椀瀀攀搀椀愀⸀漀爀最⼀眀椀欀椀⼀䌀漀甀渀挀椀氀开漀昀开䔀瀀栀攀猀甀猀 ⴀ 栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㔀
栀琀琀瀀猀㨀⼀⼀琀攀渀琀栀洀攀搀椀攀瘀愀氀⸀眀漀爀搀瀀爀攀猀猀⸀挀漀洀⼀㈀ 㐀⼀⼀㈀⼀瀀攀爀栀愀瀀猀ⴀ琀栀攀ⴀ昀椀渀攀猀琀ⴀ最漀琀栀椀挀ⴀ挀愀琀栀攀搀爀愀氀ⴀ椀渀ⴀ猀眀椀琀稀攀爀氀愀渀搀⼀ ⴀ 栀洀琀愀搀 ㈀ 㜀ⴀ㔀
栀琀琀瀀猀㨀⼀⼀搀漀挀猀⸀最漀漀最氀攀⸀挀漀洀⼀昀漀爀洀猀⼀搀⼀䈀䬀开漀 䔀䔀一最攀戀㘀砀䨀猀䨀猀堀䔀稀㜀䄀唀㌀圀匀匀昀琀嘀䜀䰀刀ⴀ㈀樀渀攀㐀䨀㘀漀⼀攀搀椀琀
ᰠ匀椀琀攀ᴠⰀ 匀搀攀爀琀氀樀攀 ⴀ ㈀ 㜀ⴀ 䴀漀爀 䨀愀欀漀戀Ⰰ 匀搀攀爀琀氀樀攀 ⴀ ㈀ 㜀ⴀ ㈀ 䴀漀爀 䄀昀爀攀洀Ⰰ 匀搀攀爀琀氀樀攀 ⴀ ㈀ 㜀ⴀ ㈀ 䴀愀爀欀甀猀欀礀爀欀愀渀Ⰰ 匀琀漀挀欀栀漀氀洀 ⴀ ㈀ 㜀ⴀ ㈀ 匀愀渀欀琀愀 䈀椀爀最椀琀琀愀 欀礀爀欀愀Ⰰ 匀琀漀挀欀栀漀氀洀 ⴀ ㈀ 㜀ⴀ ㈀ 䜀爀攀欀椀猀欀 伀爀琀漀搀漀砀 䬀礀爀欀愀Ⰰ 匀琀漀欀挀栀漀氀洀 ⴀ ㈀ 㜀ⴀ ㌀ 匀愀椀渀琀 吀栀漀洀愀猀Ⰰ 匀琀漀挀欀栀漀氀洀 ⴀ ㈀ 㜀ⴀ ㌀
匀愀椀渀琀 吀栀漀洀愀猀Ⰰ 匀琀漀挀欀栀漀氀洀 ⴀ ㈀ 㜀ⴀ ㌀ 䴀漀爀 倀攀琀爀甀猀Ⰰ 匀琀漀挀欀栀漀氀洀Ⰰ ㈀ 㜀ⴀ 㐀 䴀漀爀 䨀愀欀漀戀Ⰰ 匀搀攀爀琀氀樀攀 ⴀ ㈀ 㜀ⴀ 㔀
