Physics at Accelerators, SH2307, vt200
This lecture:
• Repetition: beam dynamics
• Cyclotrons
• Betatron
• Synchrotron radiation
• Beam diagnostics instrumentation
Physics at Accelerators, SH2307, vt200
Physics at Accelerators, SH2307, vt200
Principle of cyclotron
Principle of vacuum chamber
The Cyclotron
Non-relativistic (”classical”):
qB m T T
f = 1 ; = 2 π :
frequency Cyclotron
E
kinqB m mv
qB m qB
r mv 2
2 2
:
Radius = =
2=
Relativistic:
( mc Ekin) f T Ekin
T qBc 2
2; 1 decreases with
2
+ =
= π
2 2 4
2
2
qB m c qB 1 E 2 E mc
qB p E
r = = − =
kin+
kin(Synchrocyclotron)
Physics at Accelerators, SH2307, vt200
The isochron cyclotron
Pole plates Principle:
The synchrocyclotron requires frequency change, preventing continous operation.
By increasing the magnetic field radially, one single frequency may be used.
With spiral plates, better focusing may be obtained
Physics at Accelerators, SH2307, vt200
Physics at Accelerators, SH2307, vt200
Physics at Accelerators, SH2307, vt200
Beam Diagnostics Instrumentation
Physics at Accelerators, SH2307, vt200
Physics at Accelerators, SH2307, vt200
Physics at Accelerators, SH2307, vt200
Physics at Accelerators, SH2307, vt200
Physics at Accelerators, SH2307, vt200
Physics at Accelerators, SH2307, vt200
Physics at Accelerators, SH2307, vt200
Physics at Accelerators, SH2307, vt200