SIS-CEN ISO/TR 8124-8:2016

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Teknisk rapport

Publicerad/Published: 2016-03-01 Utgåva/Edition: 1

Språk/Language: engelska/English ICS: 97.200.50

SIS-CEN ISO/TR 8124-8:2016

Leksaker – Säkerhetsregler –

Del 8: Riktlinjer för åldersmärkning (ISO/TR 8124-8:2016) Safety of toys –

Part 8: Age determination guidelines (ISO/TR 8124-8:2016)

This preview is downloaded from www.sis.se. Buy the entire This preview is downloaded from www.sis.se. Buy the entire This preview is downloaded from www.sis.se. Buy the entire This preview is downloaded from www.sis.se. Buy the entire standard via https://www.sis.se/std-8019169

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Denna tekniska rapport är inte en svensk standard. Detta dokument innehåller den engelska språkversionen av CEN ISO/TR 8124-8:2016.

This Technical Report is not a Swedish Standard. This document contains the English version of CEN ISO/TR 8124-8:2016.

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Förhållandet till övriga delar under samma huvudtitel - Utdrag ur Förord i ISO/TR 8124-8:2016/

Relations to other parts under the same general title - Extract from the Foreword of ISO/TR 8124-8:2016.

ISO 8124 consists of the following parts, under the general title Safety of toys:

- Part 1: Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties - Part 2: Flammability

- Part 3: Migration of certain elements

- Part 4: Swings, slides and similar activity toys for indoor and outdoor family domestic use - Part 5: Determination of total concentration of certain elements in toys

- Part 6: Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products - Part 7: Requirements and test methods for finger paints - Part 8: Age determination guidelines [Technical Report]

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TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT

CEN ISO/TR 8124-8

February 2016

ICS 97.200.50

English Version

Safety of toys - Part 8: Age determination guidelines (ISO/TR 8124-8:2016)

Sécurité des jouets - Partie 8: Lignes directrices pour la

détermination de l'âge (ISO/TR 8124-8:2016) Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 8: Leitlinien zur Alterseinstufung (ISO/TR 8124-8:2016)

This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 23 October 2015. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 52.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION C O M I T É E UR O P É E N DE N O R M A L I SA T I O N E UR O P Ä I SC H E S KO M I T E E F ÜR N O R M UN G

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN ISO/TR 8124-8:2016 E

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European foreword ...iv

1 Scope ...1

2 Terms and definitions ...1

3 Guidelines ...2

3.1 Children with starting ages birth to under 4 months ...2

3.1.1 Aspects related to the motor and cognitive development, and behaviour of children with starting ages birth to under 4 months ...2

3.1.2 Recommended toy sub-categories ...3

3.2 Children with starting ages 4 months to under 8 months ...3

3.2.1 Aspects related to the motor and cognitive development, and behaviour of children with starting ages 4 months to under 8 months ...3

3.3.1 Aspects related to the motor and cognitive development, and behaviour of children with starting ages 8 months to under 12 months...5

3.7 Children with starting ages 3 years to under 4 years ...11

3.7.1 Aspects related to the motor and cognitive development, and behaviour of children with starting ages 3 years to under 4 years ...11

3.8 Children with ages starting 4 years to under 6 years ...14

Annex A (informative) Toy classification system, description of categories, and sub- categories of toys ...20

Annex B (informative) Considerations regarding electronic toys ...27

Bibliography ...28

iii

European foreword

This document (CEN ISO/TR 8124-8:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 181

“Safety of toys" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 52 “Safety of toys” the secretariat of which is held by DS.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

Information regarding the age classification of specific toys within the scope of the EU Toy Safety Directive can be found in the European Commission Guidance Documents, which are available on their website.

Endorsement notice

The text of ISO/TR 8124-8:2016 has been approved by CEN as CEN ISO/TR 8124-8:2016 without any modification.

.

iv SIS-CEN ISO/TR 8124-8:2016 (E)

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Safety of toys — Part 8:

Age determination guidelines

1 Scope

This Technical Report provides guidelines for the determination of the lowest age at which children start playing with toys in specific toy sub-categories and is primarily directed to manufacturers and agencies that evaluate the compliance of toys with safety standards.

This Technical Report can also be used as a reference to determine the appropriateness of toys by earliest age, for use by distributors, institutions, and organizations involved with child play, as well as by paediatric institutions, teachers, other professionals that use toys in their routine activities, and consumers.

The age at which children develop different abilities is unique for each individual child. These guidelines illustrate the age ranges during which a typical child has developed certain abilities.

Although age grading has safety implications, these guidelines are not intended to address specific safety requirements. Specific safety requirements for toys can be found in the ISO 8124 series of toy safety standards (and in other regional toy safety standards and regulations). As an example, such standards will restrict the presence of small parts and small balls in toys intended for certain age groups, due to the choking hazard.

These age determination guidelines are based on the advice of experts and traditional play patterns of children; they might differ from national or regional regulations or directives that classify a toy, or category of toy, as being intended for a different age.

Annex B gives details on how information on electronic toys and electronics in toys was considered in the development of these age determination guidelines.

2 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

2.1age group

children that are all within a specified age range defined by the motor and cognitive development and behaviour of children

Note 1 to entry: Extracted from Reference [4].

2.2category

type or group of toys that children use that comprises the play category

Note 1 to entry: The following are the play categories according to the purposes and functions of the toy:

— sensorimotor activities - first age;

— toys for physical activities;

— toys for intellectual activities;

— toys that reproduce the technical world;

1 SIS-CEN ISO/TR 8124-8:2016 (E)

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— toys for the development of feelings and empathy;

— toys for creative activities;

— toys for social relationships.

Note 2 to entry: See References [1] and [2].

Note 3 to entry: In addition to the original classification, new sub-categories have been included to take into account the continued evolution of the toy market (see Annex A).

2.3gross motor skills

activities of the large muscles of the body, related to functions of sustaining head positions, sitting, walking and running

2.4fine motor skills

clenching motion activities of the hands, such as gripping, clasping and pincer movements as well as fine movements used for drawing and writing

2.5starting age

first age at which it is appropriate for a child to play with a specific type of toy

Note 1 to entry: At very young ages, “play” can be considered as the interaction between a caregiver and a child, where the caregiver is using the toy to entertain or get the attention of the child such as with a rattle. It is only after further development that the child can actually play with the toy.

Note 2 to entry: For the purposes of this guidance document, a range of starting ages is presented for various sub-categories of toys. The age range covers the first day of the lowest age to the day prior to the highest age in the range. For example, a starting age range of 4 months to under 8 months would be from the day that the child becomes 4 months old until the end of the day prior to the child becoming 8 months old.

Note 3 to entry: When a starting age is mentioned for specific categories of toys, it does not mean that all the toys belonging to that category are to be classified as suitable for that age. The number of pieces, dimensions, level of detail and realism, and special functions of the specific toy can change/increase the intended age.

3 Guidelines

3.1 Children with starting ages birth to under 4 months

3.1.1 Aspects related to the motor and cognitive development, and behaviour of children with starting ages birth to under 4 months

Usually, the following development and behaviour can be observed in children with starting ages birth to under 4 months.

— Do not yet have the motor abilities required to play with toys; they are only used as objects for exploration and entertainment rather than for play.

— Do not yet have the ability to interact with books due to the lack of physical, cognitive and visual abilities required for this activity.

— Are attracted by multi-sensory elements and are able to recognize their parents; have sucking and breastfeeding reflex, but are unable to sit up by themselves; have abrupt, uncontrolled and limited motions. They touch, grab, hold, press and shake anything in their hands unaware of the strength in their arms.

— Around 3 months, they are capable of grabbing (reflex grasp) and holding objects (whether suspended or not). They detect, explore and feel objects with their hands and mouth.

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SIS-CEN ISO/TR 8124-8:2016 (E)This preview is downloaded from www.sis.se. Buy the entire standard via https://www.sis.se/std-8019169

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— The learning process occurs through the senses and reflexes by assimilating reactions to stimuli and repetitive motions.

— The auditory system is functioning at the time of birth, but it needs neurological maturation and sensory experiences for the hearing functions to develop fully. Children demonstrate a lot of sensitivity to ambient sounds due to their immaturity and lack of experience. From birth, children begin to react to sounds and human speech. By around 2 months, most babies get quiet when they hear familiar voices. By 3 months, they locate and respond to sounds and make vocalizations that could be related to sensations associated with bathing and eating.

— They turn the head towards a sound and are attracted by objects that emit sounds that are known to them as being a part of their routine.

— Vision development is progressive. At birth, the eye focus of the child is best at about 20 cm. After 1 month, children are able to focus on objects up to 30 cm away, and by 3 months they can see some meters ahead. Visual acuity upon birth is from 2,5 % to 5 %, and improves to near 20 % up to the third month.

— Are attracted by bright colours such as yellow and red although they cannot clearly distinguish between them. At the age of 2 months, the primary colour receptors are developed and they can distinguish between contrasts and the primary colours blue, red, and yellow.

3.1.2 Recommended toy sub-categories

The toy sub-categories in Table 1 are recommended for this age group.

Table 1 — Sub-categories of toys for children from birth to under 4 months of age Sub-category Starting age Description and examples of appropriate toys

1.01 0 months + Rattles and rings

1.03 0 months + Mobiles, with or without sound – toys with miscellaneous figures and shapes to be mounted above the crib and intended to be out of the reach of the child

1.47 0 months + Musical boxes – toys to be mounted on or near a crib with handle or button for adult activation

1.04 2 months + Crib gyms and playmats – mats with simple play features or activities; may include overhead structures that may have dangling objects intended for the child to reach, grasp, or hit

1.13 2 months + Simple dolls and animals – soft-stuffed dolls and animals made of fabric or plush with or without clothes and fixed details which cannot be removed 1.05 3 months + Cradle and playpen toys – balls, characters attached to cribs, strollers, or

enclosures

1.09 3 months + Squeeze toys – constructed of soft material, with or without internal rattle or noise feature

1.25 3 months + Cloth and similar soft material balls and geometric forms

3.2 Children with starting ages 4 months to under 8 months

3.2.1 Aspects related to the motor and cognitive development, and behaviour of children with starting ages 4 months to under 8 months

Usually, the following development and behaviour can be observed in children with starting ages 4 months to under 8 months.

— Are attracted by multi-sensory elements and have increasing interest in the environment surrounding them. Are in the oral phase and teeth begin to appear. Have natural involuntary 3 SIS-CEN ISO/TR 8124-8:2016 (E)

SIS-CEN ISO/TR 8124-8:2016

Teknisk rapport

SIS-CEN ISO/TR 8124-8:2016

Leksaker – Säkerhetsregler –

Del 8: Riktlinjer för åldersmärkning (ISO/TR 8124-8:2016) Safety of toys –

Part 8: Age determination guidelines (ISO/TR 8124-8:2016)

Standarder får världen att fungera

Standards make the world go round

TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT

CEN ISO/TR 8124-8

Safety of toys - Part 8: Age determination guidelines (ISO/TR 8124-8:2016)

Contents

European foreword

Endorsement notice

Safety of toys — Part 8:

Age determination guidelines

1 Scope

2 Terms and definitions

3 Guidelines