Foreliisningar i sammandrag 3l Trombidiosis in Sweden caused by the mite Neotrombicula autumnalis
ITrombidios i Sverige orsakad av kvalstret Neotrombicula autumnalisl MARCT]S SKOGH
Trombidiosis is very common all over the world.
bul has never before been reported to occur in Sweden. The northernmost record of Neotrom- bicula autumnahs in Europe was until recently thought to be Thisted on thc west coast ofJutland, Denmark. where it is known since 1874.
The first case of trombidiosis in Sweden was identified in 1971 in GAvle (latitude approx. 61'.
longitude 17"). Mites were fbund on two islands east of Giivle in the Baltic Sea in 1973, and were later identified as Neotrombicula autumnalk (Lars Lundqvist, Lund). Later a second locality was found on the island of Oland on the same lon- giturlc but at a latitude of approximately 57".
Again thc mite was N. autumnalis. The rash has been studied clinically and histologically. Trom- hidiosis usually causes only minor inconvenience during a fairly limited pcriod of time, and con- sequently medical advice is seldom sought. It is
therefore possible that thc condition escapes the notice of the medical profession. It seems likely that trombidiosis in fact occurs in other geographi-
cal areas. as the mite is now known from other Swedish localities and from the far north of Nor- way.
Sammanfattning
Hudsjukdomen trombidios iir vanlig pi minga skilda platser over stora delar av virlden. Dcss nordligaste forekomst i Europa har hittillls ansctts vara i Danmark. Det forsta svenska fallet visade sig i Giivle 1971. Kvalster som senare infingats pi
en av oarna i Givlebukten har identifierats som Neotrombicula autumnalis. Senare pAvisades samma kvalster iiven pi Oland. Trombidios iir vanligcn till si pass ringa besvlr och till tiden se bcgrdnsad att den inte fijranleder bes<ik hos liikare och diirf<ir kan tankas forbli okiind. Det iir troligt
att trombidios diirfor finns pi minga andra platser. eftersom fynd av kvalstret har gjorts zivcn
pi andra platser i siviil Sverige som Norge.
M. Skogh, Huclkliniken, Regionsjukhuset, .S-58/ 85 Linkoping, Sweden.
Predatory mites (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) on apple-trees in Finland
IRovlevande kvalster pi eppcllred i Finland]
DANUTA KROPCZYNSKA and TUOMO TUOVINEN
Predatory mites of the family Phytoseiidae wcrc
idcntificd from apple-tree leaves sampled in southern Finland in August and September 1985.
A total of 98 samples of l(X) leaves were takcn, half from unsprayed trees in home gardens or in commercial orchards. half from sprayed trees.
Thc following 9 species of Phytoseiidae were identified: Euseius finlundicus (Oud.) (in76.3 %
of samples containing phytoseiids), Phytoseius nacropilis (Banks) (66.1 "/,'), Paraseiulus soleiger (Ribaga) (39.0 %), Amblyseius cucumeris (Olud.) (13.6 %), A. canadensis Chant and Hansel (13.6 %). Anthoseius rhcnaruts (Oud.) (1.7 %),
A. bakeri (Garman) (6.8 %), Typhlodromus rit:h-
teri Karg (6.8 7.) and T. gilvus Wainstein (1.7 %).
Phytoseiidae was found at the mean level of about I ind./leaf in 9-5 % of the samples from un- sprayed trees, but only in 0.05 ind.Aeaf irl,24 o/" oI samples from sprayed trees. -53 7" of the samplcs from unsprayed trees contained spider mites (Tet- ranychidae), mostly the red spider mite Panony- chus ulmi (Koch). but on an average of only I ind./
leaf, while in spraycd trccs the mean for Tclranv- chidae was about l5 ind./leaf andfoundin88 %of
samples. The results indicate that phytoseiid mites
32 Fdreliisningar i samnmndrag
can control spider mitcs quitc well in unsprayed orchards.
The red spider mitc was abundant in many orchards in which insecticides (organophosphates or pyrcthroids). acaricides (dicofol, oxydemeton- mcthyl or chinometionat) and fungicides (mostly dithianon) are used regularly. In some of thosc orchards also eriophyid mites were common. A typical spraying program includes 2-4 sprays with insecticides. 1 2 sprays with acaricides and -5-6
sprays with fungicides in commercial apple orchards.
In spraycd orchards 5 spccics of Phytoseiidae wcre found: E. finlandicus, Ph. macropilis, P. sol- eiger, A. cucumeris and'1. richteri. In all cases the prcdators were scarce, only 1 l0 specimens were
found per 100 leaves. The insecticides and acaricides used in those orchards were azinphos- methyl, cypermethrin, dicofol, dimethoate, fcn- butatinoxide, fenitrothion, parathionmethyl and chinometionate.
Eriophyidae, mostly Aculas schlechtendali
(Nalepa), were found in almost equal numbers both on sprayed and unsprayed trees. Tydeidae wcrc more abundant in unsprayed than in sprayed samples.
Sammanfaltning
Rovlevande kvalster tillhrirande fanriljen
Phytoseiidae insamladcs pri blad frAn lppeltriid i Sydfinland. Totalt hittades 9 kvalsterarter. och familjen fcirekom bctydligt individrikare pi obe- sprutade iin pi bcsprutadc Appeltrad. Det om- viinda fcirhillandet gallde for spinnkvalster, och rcsultaten pekar pi att rovkvalstren idetta fall kan kontrollera spinnkvalstrens numerdr i obe- sprutade tradgerdar.
D- Kropczynska, Warsaw Agricuhural University, Dept. Applied Entotnology, 02-766 Warszuwa, N owoursynows ka I 66, Po land.
T. Tuovinen, Agricultural Research Center, Dept.
P e st I nv estigati on, S F- 3 1 600 J o kioinen, Finland.
Ny dansk fjiirilskatalog
Karsholt. O., Kristensen. N. P., Kaaber, S., Lar- scn. K., Nielsen, E. S.. Palm, E.. Schnack. K..
Skou, P. & Skule. B. 19u5. Katalog over de dunske Sonunerfugle. Ent. Meddr. hifte 2-3. Kcipcn- hanrn. 163 s. Pris 140 Dkr. (* porto, vid bcstiill- ning frin Apollo Boger. Lundbyvej 36. DK-57()() Svendborg, Danmark).
Pi senare tid har betydandc systcmaliska och no- menklatoriska forandringar skctt, itakt med okad forskning och kunskap. Det har ibland kants fdr- virrandc att folja alla narnniindringar och fi en
tivcrblick var den systcmatiska forskningen star iclag, Av denna anledning Ar det med stor glidjc
och tillfredsstiillelse man tar del av denna katalog.
Dcn iir sarntidigt en faunistisk forteckning dvcr dc 2319 artcr antrlffade i Danmark. Ett omfattandc arbete har av de namnkunniga fortattarna lagts ned pi kontrollbe stdmning av alla arter fran de I I distrikt som landet faunistiskt delats upp i. Endast kontrolleradc !nd iir medtagna ikatalogen. Fynd tidigare an 1960, om arten ej etertagits, har mar- kerats speciellt.
I ett kort kapitel om fjiirilarnas systcmatik, dar principer fdr och cxempcl pri fylogenetiska system tliskutcras, antyds att vi fortfarande har l6ngl kvar innan ljirilssystematiken Ar stabiliserad. Dc no-
mcnklatoriska problemen, sprikligt vad giiller artnamnens dndclscr och ett konsekvent anvan- dandc av dct zildsta valida namnet, berors.
De iindringar som gjorts i fdrhillande till "Sys-
tematisk fortegnelse over Danmarks Sommerfug- le" (Karsholt & Nielsen 1976) har alla grundligt kiillangivits i en omfattande littoral urlista. I art- forteckningen finns for en dcl arter hdnvisningar
till nomenklatoriska och faunistiska konrmenta-
re r.
Dc nome nklatoriska kommentarerna t'<iljer en- dast till de artcr som :indrat namn efter forteck- ningen frin 1976. Det hctyder att man miste ha tillgAng till den :ildre frirteckningen for att ibland sekcrt hitta bland alla synonymer. Men som f6r- tattarna anmdrker Ar listan primart en utbred- ningskatalog. Arter som fcirts in i landet oavsikt- ligt genom mlnsklig aktivitct och ej har ctablcrat sig pcrmanenl har placcrats i en sdrskild lista.
F6rfattarna ar att gratulera till ett utmArkt arbe- tc. Dels som ett viktigt bidrag till en mer stabilise- rad systematik, dels som ett skolexempel pe hur kritisk faunistik skall bedrivas. Ndmnas kan ocksh att en svensk fj iirilska t alog, som:ir under tryck- ning, foljer den systcmatik som forts iden danska katalogcn.
Gdran Palmqvist
