"Man kände sig inte så himla accepterad i skolan": En studie om varför elever ger upp sina grundskolestudier

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(6)

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(7)

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(8)

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(9)

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(10)

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cGGeS! 8%/-3!-$$!).$*84-0$EM&$0--0!7\3!9-3V%!%*%9!#%#!#+8!%/!3%#.3#!Q-3-!\3!3%$+3&#'-!'*>#?1+3;!C%! 8%/-3!-$$!#'+*-/!&#$\**%$!4]3!]$!8+$#-$$!1]**!+?1!Q*&3!8%3!#%43%4%3-7;!5+8!#$67!,63!7%$$-! 8%/-3!,63,-$$-3/-!-$$!7%$!Q*&9&$!9-/*&4-3%!8%7!#8]!./7%39&#/&/4#43.::%3U!,*%3!%*%9%3!&! #\3#'+*-/!+?1!8]/4-!/>-!,3&#'+*+3;!C%/!/>-!*\3+:*-/%/!&//%Q\3!%/!8%3!$%+3%$&#'! &/3&'$/&/4!9&*'%$!&!#&/!$.3!463!-$$!,*%3!%*%9%3!,]3!#9]3-3%!-$$!1\/4-!8%7!&!#'+*-/U!+?1!:]!#]! #\$$!Q*&3!'*>,$+3/-!8%**-/!%*%9%3/-!#$633%!+?1!-**$!,*%3!Q*&3!#%43%4%3-7%;! ! ! A@K!L%5C&.$F&-5&'1!! ^3./7#'+*%,63+37/&/4%/!R5)5!F``dE!FF`dS!$-3!&!e!'-:U!Fm!.::!+8!%*%9%/#!3\$$!$&**!#$67! 9&7!Q%1+9;!@**-!%*%9%3!&!#'+*-/!#+8!1-3!#9]3&41%$%3U!+-9#%$$!9-7!7%$!Q%#$]3!&!1-3!3\$$!$&**! #$67;!L%'$+3/!\3!#'>*7&4!-$$!#%!$&**!-$$!8-/!.$3%7%3!9&*'-!#$67]$4\37%3!#+8!Q%169#;!<8!7%$! 9&#-3!#&4!-$$!%*%9%/!Q%169%3!#$67!#'-!#'+*-/!.::3\$$-!%$$!]$4\37#:3+43-8!7\3!7%$! :3%#%/$%3-#!9&*'-!Q%1+9!#+8!,&//#U!1.3!8-/!#'-!-3Q%$-!,63!-$$!#$6$$-!%*%9%/!+?1! /-$.3*&4$9&#!1.3!7%$!#'-!,6*V-#!.::!+?1!.$9\37%3-#;! ! "/*&4$!5'+*9%3'%$#!3&'$*&/V%3!,3]/!cGGI!#'-!]$4\37#:3+43-88%/!#+8!.::3\$$-#!,63!%*%9%3!&! Q%1+9!-9!#\3'&*$!#$67!\9%/!#%!$&**!8&*V6!+?1!&//%1]**%$!&!./7%39&#/&/4%/!#+8!%/! :3+Q*%8Q\3-3%U!&/$%!Q-3-!$&**!%*%9%/;!g$4\37#:3+43-88%/#!#>,$%!\3!#]*%7%#!-$$!#%!$&**!-$$! %*%9%/!,]3!7%$!#\3#'&*7-!#$67!&!#'+*-/!#+8!7%/!\3!&!Q%1+9!-9;!g$4\37#:3+43-88%$!\3!%$$! :*-/%3&/4#&/#$3.8%/$!#+8!4\**%3!-**-!#'+*,+38%3!.$+8!,63#'+*%'*-##!R5'+*9%3'%$U!cGGIS;!

(11)

7! ! 5'+*9%3'%$!Rc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cGGIS!'-/!8-/!*\#-!9-3!,+'.#!&! ]$4\37#:3+43-88%/!#'-!*&44-E! ! C%$!\3!9&'$&4$!-$$! VNRODQVIUlPMDQGHDUEHWHLQQHKnOOHUHQUHJHOEXQGHQJUDQ#'/&/4!-9!7%/!%4/-! 9%3'#-81%$%/#!+34-/&#-$&+/U!-3Q%$##\$$!+?1!'+8:%$%/#U! VNRODQXWJnUIUnQV\QVlWWHWDWWGHQVNROPLOM|HOHYHULQJnULKDUEHW\GHOVHI|UGHUDVEHKRY -9!#\3#'&*$!#$67U! VNRODQVNDSDUHQPLOM|GlUVDPWOLJDHOHYHULQNOXGHUDVVnOnQJWVRPP|M*&4$!+?1!-$$! ./7%39&#/&/4%/!-/:-##-#!$&**!%*%9%3/-#!,63.$#\$$/&/4-3!+?1!Q%1+9;!R5'+*9%3'%$U!cGGIU!#;!IS! ! 5'+*9%3'%$!RcGGIS!8%/-3!-$$!8-/!\9%/!8]#$%!#6'-!+3#-'%3!$&**!%*%9%/#!#9]3&41%$%3!&! #'+*8&*V6/!+?1!&//%1]**%$!&!./7%39&#/&/4%/;!5'+*+3/-!#'-!9-3-!8%3!,*%M&Q*-!+?1!86$-! %*%9%3/-#!+*&'-!,63.$#\$$/&/4-3!Q\$$3%;! ! A@M!I&$'7*&!%488!*8*E*&$!'E:-FF! K\3!'+88%3!V-4!-$$!$-!.::!+*&'-!,-'$+3%3!#+8!$&7&4-3%!#$.7&%3!+?1!,+3#'/&/4!$-3!.::!#+8! +3#-'%3!$&**!-$$!%*%9%3!&/$%!/]3!#'+*-/#!8]*!+?1D%**%3!1+::-3!-9!#&/-!#$.7&%3;!)-'$+3%3/-! 7%*-#!&/!&!+*&'-!'-$%4+3&%3!Q%3+%/7%!:]!9%8!#+8!4V+3$!#$.7&%/;!!

(12)

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(13)

C! C%/!#&#$-!'-$%4+3&/!#+8!5'+*9%3'%$!Rc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cGGFS!'+8!&!3-::+3$%/!,3-8!$&**!8]/4-!+*&'-!+3#-'%3!./7%3!7%##-!'-$%4+3&%3! $&**!9-3,63!%*%9%3!&/$%!/]3!8]*%/;![\3!7%$!4\**7%!#'+**%7-3%#!#>/!:]!:3+Q*%8%$!-/#]4!7%!-$$! 1.9.7+3#-'%3/-!$&**!-$$!#]!8]/4-!%*%9%3!&/$%!/]3!8]*%/!\3!&/7&9&7Q-#%3-7%;!i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

(14)

04! 8%/-3!\9%/!-$$!%*%9%3!8%7!#>/*&4-!,./'$&+/#/%7#\$$/&/4-3!:3&+3&$%3-#!/\3!7%$!4\**%3! ,637%*/&/4%/!-9!3%#.3#%3!&!#'+*-/;! ! [\3!7%$!4\**%3!7%!#$67&/#-$#%3!#+8!,&//#!&7-4!8%/-3!5'+*9%3'%$!RcGGFS!-$$!$&7&4$!#$67!\3! 8>?'%$!9&'$&4$!+?1!-$$!&!8]/4-!,-**!Q3&#$%3!7%$!:]!V.#$!7%/!:./'$%/U!#-8$&7&4$!#+8!8-/! \9%/!'-/!#%!-$$!,%*-'$&4$!#$67!4%#!&Q*-/7;!C%!:]$-*-3!+?'#]!-$$!7%$!\3!%/!:]$-4*&4!Q3&#$!:]! #:%?&-**\3-3%(D:%7-4+4%3!&!#'+*-/;! ! L-::+3$%/!R5'+*9%3'%$U!c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``WS!#'3&9%3!&!%/! #$.7&%!+8!,-'$+3%3!#+8!,63'/&::-#!8%7!-91+::!,3]/!#'+*-/!&!Y**&/+&#U!i5@;!5$.7&%/!1-3! $&$$-$!:]!%*%9%3!&!69%34]/4%/!$&**!+?1!./7%3!$&7%/!7%!*\#%3!:]!K&41!5?1++*;!Y!59%3&4%! 8+$#9-3-3!7%$!&!43+9-!73-4!#%/-3%!7%*%/!-9!164#$-7&%$U!69%34]/4%/!$&**!4>8/-#&%#'+*-/! +?1!./7%3!7%!4>8/-#&-*-!#$.7&%3/-;!K-/!7%*-3!&/!+3#-'%3/-!$&**!-91+::%/!&!,>3-!+*&'-! '-$%4+3&%3;!F;!284-E08+4&)&U!c;!J84.49/*80$E08+4&)&U!W;!%09/-O)E08+4&)&!+?1!d;!K.6/5/63)--0$ E08+4&)&;! ! C%$!C.::%3!RF``WS!8%/-3!8%7!*84-E08+4&)&!\3!Q*;-;!3%*-$&+/%3!8%**-/!%*%9!+?1!*\3-/7%!&! ,+38!-9!Q3&#$%3!&!Q%86$-/7%;!N\3-3%/!+?1!#'+*-/!$-3!-9#$]/7!,3]/!%*%9%3!4%/+8!7]*&4$! %/4-4%8-/4!&!%*%9%/!%**%3!4%/+8!-9#$\/4/&/4;!C%!$-3!\9%/!.::!*]4!8+$&9-$&+/!1+#! %*%9%3/-!#+8!%/!#$-3'!,-'$+3!$&**!-91+::%/;!a9%/!+8!&/$%!-9#$\/4/&/4!\3!%$$!9%3'$>4!#+8!

(15)

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(16)

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(17)

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(18)

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(19)

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(20)

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(21)

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(22)

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