1974, 3rd quarter

COLORADO WATER CONGRESS

To: Officers and Executive Committee From: Executive Director

LIVESTOCK EXCHANGE BLDG. SUITE 328

DENVER, COLORADO 80216

573-8572

Joilptember 20, 1974

Subject: Federal investment in water projects

/7

In conformance with your instruction on Sezte0er 18, a copy of the NWRA draft "National Water Investment Act" 19c1XiloseG). As we agreed, your comments on the enclosure should reach me by mid-October.

nof

loSe,

For the information of those who could not attend the September 18 meeting, NWRA would like to offer to the U. S. Congress its own oriteria for Federal water investment instead of merely opposing criteria developed by Federal agen-cies. The "National Water Investment Act" was drafted as a starting point to-ward this goal. Of .curse, a prominent example of Federally developed criteria with which we are currently confronted is the Water Resources Council's "Prin-ciples and Standards for Planning Water and Related Land Resources".

I understand that the Executive Committee plane to meet prior to the 1974 NWRA Convention for the purpose of formulating a Colorado Water Congress position on Federal investment in water projects.

Enclosure

COLORADO WATER CONGRESS 573-8572 ..tt 3.28, Livestock Exchange Bldg.

Denver, Colorado 80216

To Mr. J. R. Barkley _Date September 4, 1974

Would you be willing to review the attached draft? Please delete, add, change, and correct to whatever degree it takes to put us on the right course.

LIVESTOCK EXCHANGE BLDG, SUITE 328

DENVER, COLORADO 80216

573-8572

eptemberit; 1974

To: tfRA Committee of State Association Directors

From: Val G. Killin

Subject: Federal investment in water resource projects

During the summer meeting of the NNRA Board of Directors, a concept on the fcregoing subject emerged which is somewhat different than my initial interpretation. As we are searching for an NWRA position on Federal invest-ment in water resources developinvest-ment, the viewpoints of t}- e NWRA State affil-iate organizations are of particular interest. Obviously, these may or may not be the same in all respects as the official State positions.

Additionally, my memorandum of July 8 apparently placed undue emphasis on the Water Resources Council's "Principles and Standards". Instead, the view prevails among the Directors that the draft "National Water Investment Act" is a good starting point. That draft was furnished to you via President J. R. Barkley's letter of June 19, 1974. Therefore, we would like very much

to have your comments on the draft "National Water Investment Act" supple-mented by whatever related observations you would be !filling to offer. At this stage it is our goal to ascertain what the State Associations would like to have in such a draft. The next step will be to arrange for someone to incorporate the various viewpoints into a document which we can study and discuss as a Committee.

The targcts set for us are to collect comments from all the States by mid-October, have a draft put together about November 1, then meet as a Com-mittee to discuss the subject in conjunction with the NWRA Convention in Fresno. Whatever you can do to help fulfill these goals will be deeply appreciated.

Sinceritly,

Val G. Killin, Chairman

NWRA Committee of State Association Directors cc: J, R. Barkley

Carl Bronn

ADVANCING VOLUNTARY LEADERSHIP IN A CHANGING WORLD

Chamber of Commerce of the United States

NATIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT GROUP

August 2, 1974

Mr. J. R. Barkley

Northern Colorado Water Conservancy District 1250 North Wilson Avenue Post Office Box 679 Loveland, Colorado Dear Bob: 202 • 659-6120 1615 H STF

Us

₉

On behalf of Warren C. Hageman, Chairman of the Agribusi-ness and Rural Affairs Committee of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States, this is an invitation for you and Mrs. Barkley to have dinner with the committee members on Wednesday evening, September 4, 1974, in Loveland, Colorado.

The committee is holding its fall meeting in Colorado this year, and the dinner provides us an opportunity to meet some of its generous hosts and leaders of the community and region.

Reception will be at 6:30 and dinner at 7:00 p.m. in the Voyager Room of the Quality Inn. This is located at the intersec-tion of 1-25 and Colorado 402. The Honorable John D. Vanderhoof has been invited to be our dinner speaker. Some of the Committee Members will be accompanied by their wives. The dinner will be informal.

I hope you will be able to attend. Please send a copy of your reply to our committee member at Loveland, Mr. Walter Skowron, Manager, Publications/Promotion, Hewlett Packard, Loveland Instru-ment Division, P. 0. Box 301, Loveland, Colorado 80537.

Sincerely,

E. Clinton Stokes

Executive

Agribusiness and Rural Affairs Committee

/op, e / 7-1 e? ,

National Waterways Conference, Inc.

1130 17th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036

NEXT, A WATER CRISIS?

That question is being asked with increasing urgency as Americans begin to feel the full implications of the fuel shortage, materials scarcities, and price inflation. Enormous new water supplies will be needed in the arid West for oil shale production. In other parts of the country, new energy technologies -- coal conversion, for example -- will depend on additional supplies of water. Meeting the demand for more electric generating facilities -- whether nuclear or conven-tional -- will require tremendous volumes of cooling water. Our hydroelectric power potential may be more fully developed but that, too, is constrained by water.

Water, it has been said, is the lock on energy's door. It is also a lock on agriculture's door. And on the door of transportation. And the door of manufacturing of countless goods essential to modern life.

Can the lock be opened?

That is the question the National Waterways Conference, Inc., will explore at its 1974 annual meeting September 18-20 in Memphis. We will look, for example, at how efficient, low-cost navigation and comprehensive water resources manage-ment have opened new vistas of opportunity in depressed rural areas such as Appalachia. We will also examine the competing forces -- consumptive use of water, maintenance dredging, environmental and aesthetic considerations, water quality demands -- which are increasingly focusing on major rivers such as the Upper Mississippi. We will assess the current stance of Congress, Federal agencies, and state and regional entities in dealing with the looming water crisis. And we'll try to project into the future, exploring America's future needs and the water resources policies which could determine how they are met.

Just to make sure the abstract doesn't diminish our view of the real, we'll also spend some time on the water. A twilight cruise with catfish dinner on the M/V SHOWBOAT is but one of several light-hearted social occasions we have arranged.

Theme of our 1974 Annual Meeting is "Waterways Make the Difference." Be-tween waste and productivity. BeBe-tween employment and joblessness. BeBe-tween a viable economy and a stagnant one. Between shortage and abundance. We want to know whether waterways and water resources development and conservation really can make the difference in the future as they have in the past. Or, whether the next crisis on the horizon will involve water. Won't you join us in our search for the answer?

rially, 4,tit

William J. ull President

RECD.

s E p 2 1974

KLAMATH FALLS, OREGON 97601

September 23, 1974

Mr. Bob Barkley Manager

Northern Colorado Water Conservancy District Loveland Colorado

Dear Bob:

AREA CODE 503 882-4436

Please be advised that Jim Bunker Pre,-idea 9f Oregon Reclamation Conress, is Manager of the Valep e19+,3; POI I,

Ialaation District, 97918.

wokIrevotode4wraPoRaw.f.

GHP:m

P. 0. Box 667, Vale, Oregon

Very truly yours, PROCTOR & PUCKETT

cBy

A

NIKITA

1'1 I '\

!fAf WA,

II IIUIIIIIIIN

BOO east boulevard

bismarck 611601

701-22'I-!750

north dakota

September 11, 1974

Mr. J. R. Barkley, President

National Water Resources Association P. U. Box 679

Loveland, Colorado 60537 RE: SWC File No. A-16 Uear Bob:

1 have read Carl's analysis of the pros and cons involved in relocation of our headquarters in Washington and I feel that in the final analysis, Carl will have to make judgments relative to the advantages of this change with respect to general working conditions. Our Board will be required to analyze our ability to meet the financial commitments.

Carl's outline of alternatives was well developed and I am of the opinion that we should make a move if we can afford the increased operation costs.

I am inclined to rely on Carl's judgment, so that if there are advantages in moving, I think we should dig up the money! I know this sounds like I am avoiding the issue; however, I don't feel that we should let increased costs stand in the way of improving staff conditions if this is deemed neces-sary. Sincerely yours,

11

697 National Press Building Washington, 0. C. 20004

GOVERNOR ARTHUR A. LINK DONALD E. NOTEBOOM ALVIN A. KRAMER ARNE DAHL, EX-OFFICIO MEMBER

CHAIRMAN FAIRVIEW MINOT COMM OF AGRICULTURE

RICHARD P. GALLAGHER JAMES JUNGROTH

VICE CHAIRMAN-MANDAN JAMESTOWN

GORDON GRAY VERNON FAHY, SECRETARY

imnIr

fut

z

ASSMBrini-J. A. (TED) RIGGINS, JR., President JOHN W. SIMMONS, Treasurer (Arizona) (Texas)

J. R. BARKLEY, First Vice President MILO W. HOISVEEN, Past President (Colorado) (North Dakota)

ROBERT T. CHUCK, Second Vice President (Hawaii)

897 NATIONAL PRESS BUILDING WASHINGTON, D. C. 20004 (202) 347-2672

September 24, 1974

MEMBERS OF THE RESOLUTIONS COMMITTEE OF NWRA Gentlemen:

Our very productive fall meeting will facilitate our deliberations at the Fresno Convention and will permit us

to give the really serious policy matters which will be before us then their proper amount of attention.

Enclosed is a set of revised Status Sheets which will show the action taken at our Denver meeting both with re-spect to the carry-over review and with rere-spect to the revisions and new resolutions we considered.

In addition, you will find clean copies of the resolutions we worked over so that you can be considering them in the con-text of your various State Association problems at their

meetings.

This letter will also serve as the official call for the opening of our meetings at the Fresno Convention. Our meet-ing will commence on Sunday, November 10, 1974 at 2:30 o'clock p.m. in the room to be provided for us at the Convention Head-quarters Hotel. I chose the time of 2:30 p.m. to accommodate those who may wish to fly in on the United flight which arrives in Fresno at 1:30 p.m.

I'll see you then.

JFR:hm

CC: _{Mr. Carl Bronn} Mr. J.R. Barkley

uly yours

Jack F. Ross, Chairman

DIRECTORS Milo W. Hoisveen, N. D. E. F. (Don) Doncaster, Wash. J. A. (Ted) Riggins, Jr. Chris C. Green, Kans. Clarence Base, Okla. Marlin T. Kurtz, Wyo. . James F. Sorensen, Calif. Hubert G. White, Mont. Harold Henigson, Ore. Paul W. Scott

J. R. Barkley, Colo. Judge William C. Smith, Jr., Nebr. Horner Engllorn, S. D. Railroad Representative, Wash. Robert T. Chuck, Hawaii Roland Westergard, Nev. John W. Simmons, Tex. Wesley D Ewart,

STATUS SHEET FOR FALL OF 1974

NUMBER TITLE ACTION

CARRYOVER _{RESCIND f MODIFY}

73-1 Salinity Control 9-19

73-2 Bond Tax Exemption 9-19

73-3 Indian Trust Counsel Auth. )-19

73-4 _{Environmental Class Actions 9-19}

73-5 _{Land Limitation Legislation 9-19 ?Sorensen}

73-6 Amendmenf-61—labor Relations_{Act 9-=19}

73-7 Land Use Planning _{See "B" 1}

73-8 _imtptsEnvironmental Impact State- _9-19

73-9 Small PrQ.j2„Qt___ „,..,EIL "c”

73-10 ProjectsSmall Flood Control _{_S,==.}

73-11 _{Enerqy Crisis 9/19}

73-12 Westwide • • _{...,... 'LP"}

73-13 Principals and Standards _{See "F"}

73-14 _{Federal Agency Program See nGn}

73-15 Wilderness Program 9-20

73-16 ConflictsObligation to Resolve 9-19 7Paff

NWRA RESOLUTIONS COMMITTEE . .STATUS SHEET FOR FALL OF 19 74

(AS OF 9-20-74)

LETTER TITLE SOURCE

,-- _ACTION

COY2-1ITTEE REVISE TABLE TA. F.

AA

Irrigation Return Flow .

"S,T,U & V"

-7-

)Choules, Nutley, BB _FlowIrrigation Return _{"S i T U & V'}

g P

)Lin, roctor & )Carter

CC _ProjectsSmall Flood Control',xi' 9-20

DO EE FF -GG -HH II JJ KK . . . LL N24 NN 00 PP ... QQ . RR • SS TT UU . VV . WW , . XX . Z Z 1'

(AS OF 9-20-74)

LETTER TITLE SOURCE

ACTION

COMMITTEE REVISE TABLE T.A. :..P,

Salinity Control 73-1 Rescind

Land Use Planning 73-7 Sayre

Small Projects 73-9 Doyle Boen _.

D

Small Flood Contr Projects

I

73-10 Proctor See "X"

E Westwide V 73-12 Rescind _-

-•Wile 'Principals &

Standards 73-13 Val Killin

Federal -AgencTTEET

grams 173-14 Choules

Wilderness 73-15 . C/O

Weather Modifica i n Calif. Williams, Ch. See "Y" ea .ar

no

iti-cation 72-13 Carter & Nutley See "Y" _.

Dam Safety 72-3 Bronn

ssocia ion inanc

ing 72-4 Choules, Ling &_r

M _{Energy Resources 2 (yin}

N _mantsResidency Require _72-7

941.-qn.Q 0 _{Flow Research}Recycling & Retur 72-8

P _{Natural Areas 72-10}

-9/19

_

Q

R _{Geothermal R&D 72-14 9-19}

S _{92-500 8-20-74}Bronn _{V VTIn"}See "AA & T _E.P.A. V W/Users ChoulqaZntley See TITI" "AA & Discharge Permits WSWC

Ling, Proctor & Ce

See

Ljr-1. "AA &

Memo-USBR Bronn

W Federal Water_{Rights Bill} Justice_Dept Hannett, Porter_{SyrN_} & BB"

X _ProjectsSmall Flood Control H _{Se "Cc"}

...___

Y Weather• . _, "I" & "J" See "Z" ,

Weather

Modification

"Y"

// 'N)

RESOLUTION NO.

WEATHER MODIFICATION AND DATA _COLLECTION WHEREAS, it has become increasingly

important for man to make prudent use of the environment

for beneficial purposes; and

WHEREAS, weather is one of the most _{important atmospheric resources} for the promotion of the physical

and mental well-being of mankind; _and WHEREAS, weather modification

activities and the collection _of hydrometeorological

data are considered essential _{and reasonable tools} for proper water resource management; _and

WHEREAS, research in the modification

of atmospheric processes has demonstrated that beneficial

changes can be produced under _certain defined conditions; and

WHEREAS, continued research

is expected to further refine _and expand the capability to modify

the weather to produce beneficial _{changes and} avert disasters; and

WHEREAS, weather modification _{programs and hydrometeorological} data collection systems need not be incompatible

with the objectives of the Wilderness Act of September _{3, 1964 and such activities}

will not degrade the wilderness values which the _{law seeks to preserve; and}

WHEREAS, misunderstandings

have arisen pertaining to conducting the weather modification

activities and the collection _{of hydrometeorological} information upon Federal lands _{including wilderness areas.}

NOW THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED

that the National Water Resources Association urges all appropriate

governmental and private agencies _to support the research necessary

to further develop the means for early application of weather modification

technology for the benefit of mankind; and

DE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that this _{Association urges Congress} to enact necessary legislation,

such as HR 12316 and HR 13587, _{that would} permit the performance of weather

modification activities and the collection of hydrometeorological

information upon Federal lands, _including wilderness areas, all under controlled

operating monitoring conditions so as to minimize or avoid long _{term and intensive local impact}

on the wilderness character of such areas; _and

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that this _{Association urges all} appropriate agencies to support _{and promote those activities}

developed to apply the technology that _{incorporate the proper design}

and safeguards to insure beneficial use.

RESOLUTION NO. IRRIGATION RETURN FLOW

WHEREAS, it is recognized that water quality of agricultural runoff, including irrigation return flow may need to be improved; and

WHEREAS, the Environmental Protection Agency has construed irri-gation return flow not to be agricultural runoff resulting in an

un-realistic and impractical application of Public Law 92-500; and

WHEREAS, agricultural runoff and irrigation return flow need to be considered in the same manner for the enhancement of water quality.

NOW THEREFORE, be it resolved that the National Water Resources Association urges Congress to make it clear that irrigation return flow is agricultural runoff under Public Law 92-500.

RESOLUTION NO. IRRIGATION RETURN FLOW

WHEREAS, under The Environmental Protection Agency's interpretation of Public Law 92-500 (water pollution control act amendments of 1972) irri-gation return flows are treated differently from agricultural runoffs and a permit to discharge is required for such return flows; and

WHEREAS, various states and irrigation districts within each state are subject to different and varying laws, some of which will not allow enforcement of the terms of the return flow permits being issued by EPA; and

WHEREAS, irrigation return flows are agricultural runoff; and can be managed and controlled under the laws of the state where the return flows occur.

NOW THEREFORE, be it resolved that the National Water Resources Association urges clarification of Public Law 92-500 to assure that

irrigation return flows be treated as agricultural runoff under the provisions of Public Law 92-500 and the laws of the various states.

SMALL FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS

WHEREAS, pursuant to the provisions of The Flood Control Act of 1943, as amended, by PL 93-251, the Corps of Engineers is authorized to undertake the construction of flood control projects which do not exceed $1,000,000 in cost4($2,000,000 if the project protects an area which has been declared a major disaster area) without receiving congressional authorization; and

WHEREAS, the increased cost of such construction brought on by inflationary forces has severely curtailed the number of small flood control projects that can be undertaken within the present monetary limitations contained in said Act.

NOW THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the National Water Resources Association urges Congress to increase the monetary limitations _for

flood control projects that can be undertaken without congressional _P authorization from $1,000,000 to $3,000,000 for each such project and to increase monetary limitation of the aggregate amount that may be expended in any fiscal year on all such projects from $30,000,000 to $75,000,000.

Jackson Lake, Wyoming

"national ,

Water Keiourcei ..-43Jociation 897 NATIONAL PRESS BUILDING

WASHINGTON, D. C. 20004

CARL H. BRONN

Executive Director

Code 140

Washington Office DATE

THURSDAY, August 15, 1974 THE NEW YORK TINES, New York August 8

AUG 2 1874

Iowa Farmers Facing Potential Disaster

in

Drought

By JAMES P. STERBA

Special tu The New York Tintft

CLARINDA, Iowa, Aug. 7 —It's one of the gloomier Page County fairs in mem-ory.. The children, with their 4-H Club project ribbons, are excited and happy, as usual. But the old men sitting around in their bib overalls don't Page County smile very much. "Hey, play bingo, win a prize," shouts an ama-teur barker. "Hurry up and play one game of bingo

be-fore it starts raining." That's a joke, but nobody laughs. It hasn't rained more than a sprinkle here since June 8, and that means seri-ous trouble, even potential economic eisastet, for ,the 1.8.48 corn and soybean farmers in Page County, and perhaps for thousands of other farmers throughout the Midwest. For Page County's trouble is typical of the situ-ation in much of that vast region.

Donald Lyle, county direc-tor of the United States De-partment of Agriculture's stabilization and conserva-tion Service, mailed Page County's latest crop condi-tion report to Des Moines yesterday. Corn: 77.5 per cent ruined. Soybeans: 50 per cent damaged.

"They always say that it rains 10 minutes efore it's too late in Iowa, .but this year it didn't quite make it," said Meredith Lovitt, who put in 150 acres of corn this spring. "My corn's just not going to make it. There's a little corn around here that's still pretty good, but not mine. It's not even good, let

Fair Strictly Local alone pretty."

'Corn and soybeans are the economic backbone of. this southwest Iowa county,

The lalk ol

where hard farm work and the importance of family and church are not to be dis-counted by the fact that the local theater is corrently showing "The Devil in Miss Jones," a pornographic movie. The 4-H Club was started in, Page County by Jessie Field Shambauph' in 1901, local, with no carnival rides and the eounty fair is strictly and with games of chance run by local clubs. It is usu-ally more festive at the fair. One indication of the mood here this year is .a straw poll being conducted by the First Assembly, of God, a local church. It asks two ques-tions: "Should' Nixon be 'im-peached?" and "Are we head, ed for a depression?" ,

Hogs, cattle, implement dealers, 'banks and toWn businesses are all dependent on bountiful September and October yields of corn and soybeans. County' farmers planted 160,000 acres of grain crops this year, and 85 per cent of them were corn and soybeans.

Last year, they planted 90,000 acres of corn, and its, average yield was 106 bush-els per acre last fall. This year, they planted 115,000 acres of corn, roughly 20 per cent more, and the farmers are now predicting a dismal yield--4,countywide average of 24' bushels per acre.

. Abundant rainfall would pat do much good even if it started falling this afternoon. The corn stalks are already stunted, and many have no ears'. And the ears that were formed earlier have few ker-nels, It was too hot, too dry and too windy for too long, the Ariners say. _

The soybeans still have a chance, but each rainless day in this crucial "podding' month lessens their chance, "Soybeans should have 80 pods on a stem by now, and

they don't have,", said Law-. son Miller, Who farms and , also sells gasoline and oil.° "I've seen some beans with only one pod."

Darwin Buch, a farm im-plement dealer, said that the drought had not hurt his.. sales. But he said that there Were rumors of impending doom, canceled tractor orders. and a general cut in spendr ing by farmsrs.

"Sales _are going to go down, no question about it," he said.

"I know a John Deere deal-er who had 12 people signed* up for new tractors when there was an 18-month' wait," said Dave Williams, who farnts 590 acres. "Now, he's got tractors, but only two people have come through and bought them.?" Mr. Williams said that it was six straight weeks in June and July of nearly 100-degree temperatures, low humidity and wind that sucked his 155 acres of corn dry. Last week, things changed. Skies became partly overcast, and humidity was higher. There were a few scattered sprinkles of rain.

"That stopped the deterio-ration, but the corn is already gone," Mr. Williams said. "It might do some good yet for the beans."

Last year's record grain-prices made many farmers' rich. But partly to avoid huge income tax bills, they re-invested their profits in more land and machinery, keeping debts to local banks and other creditors about the same, local bankers say. Indebtedness may range anywhere from $20,000 for young farmers to several times that amount for older, established farmers.

"Our only hope now is that our creditors will step with us," said Franklin Mellen--camp, 58, who with his four_ sons farms 2,300 acres. "In-the meantime, we're going to

have to tighten our belts?' The drought has come in-20-year cycles, he said.

"In '54, we were hurt as much as any of them," he said. "But things are differ-ent now—we didn't have the, expenses we have today."

"We've had quite a few guys already coming in and worrying about what to do," said Gary Beggs, farm rep-resentative at the Citizens State Bank in Clarinda. "We're pretty sure that the corn crop is gone, but farm-ers might be able to make some of it up with soybeans ff we get some rain in the next few weeks."

Meanwhile, spending is al-ready beginning to drop off around Clarinda, the county seat, which has a population of 5,700 people. "The farm-ers are zipping up their pock-et books," said one merchant„ They are also grumbling more than usual. Some ad-mit they planted corn and soybeans on poor land, or on pasture land that they now need to feed cattle be-cause their remaining pasture is dry ot eaten off, But, they contend, the Department of Agriculture — admittedly, along with high prices—en-couraged them to plant all available acreage to produce as much grain as possible to feed the world.

Earl L. Butz, the Secretary of Agriculture, who has played down the severity of the drought, is not well liked in Page County.

"If he doesn't think we got trouble, why doesn't he come down here and take a look at our corn?" Mr. Miller asked.

THE NEW YORK TIMES, New York -- August 8

Climate Changes Imperil

World's Food Output

iZcL

6§E? 1 61974

h

.

—World Areas Affected by Climate Changes

4z..; t ; / UNITED _ " /STATES ' Arizona Goio-ado -Aam3as Montana Ne,braska Nnvacia 7---N;1W Mexico,

-1 North Dakota _pacific

Ohio _Ocean Oklahoma , south Dakota ----; Utah Wisconsin Wyoming NIGERi —UPPER VOLTA, \ Atlantic MALI Ocean MAURITANIA SENEGAL-.- GAMBIA1L---GUINEA IVORY COAST 'GHANA TOGO, DAHOMEY' NIGERIA CHAD SUDAN ETHIOPIA TURKEY This area . affected by floods) CHINA , MOW s. ; _{AB s, hsaarm} 5 A. , ai — Pradesh .West BANGLADESH Bengal ,',./scr ;1. Pacific Ocean Indian Ocean '

Sources: .4frtca is from the United Nations; The rest is trot), the Agricultural Climatology Service.

Severe weather changes, ranging from floods to drought, have struck many of the world's major agricultural I areas so far this year. Climate experts say that even

By HAROLD M. SCHMECK Jr.

Sivelal to The New York Times Bad weather this summer and the threat of more of it to come hang ominously over every estimate of the world food situation.

It is a threat the world may have to face more often in the years ahead. Many weather scientists expect greater vari-ability in the earth's weather and, consequently, greater risk of local disasters in places where conditions of recent years have become accepted as the norm.

Some experts believe that mankind is on the threshold This is another in a series of articles, which will appear from time to time, examining the world food situation. of a new pattern of adverse global climate for which it is ill-prepared.

A recent meeting of climate experts in Bonn, West Ger-many, produced the unani-mous conclusion that the change in global weather pat-terns poses a severe threat to agriculture that could lead to major crop failures and mass starvation.

Others disagree, but are still concerned over the impact of

The New Yoi k Times/AWL 8, 1974

greater variability of weather can be expected in years to come, bringing changes to arable areas that have ad-justed to past patterns, thus threatening future output. weather on man's ability to

feed the ever-increasing num-ber of human beings.

Whether or not this year's events are harbingers of a major global trend, some of those events are, of themselves, causing concern.

The monsoon rains have been late and scant over agricultur-ally important regions of India, while Bangladesh has been hav-ing floods.

Parts of4,Europe and the Soviet Irninr* have had Prob-lems at both ends of the weather spectrum this year— too hot and dry at some times and places, too wet and cold at others.

There have been similar problems in North America. An American weather expert re-cently received reports that ice was 'lingering abnormally on the coasts of Newfoundland and that new evidence showed that the Gulf Stream was fluc-tuating toward a more south-erly course.

In the United States, the world's most important food producer, a severe drought that began last fall in the South-west has spread northward and eastward, and may have po-tentially serious effects in the Corn Belt. There have also

been reports that spring wheat in the United States has been badly hurt by hot, dry weather. Earlier this year, there had been hopes of bumper crops in North America and else-where. But the weather's ad-verse impact has trimmed back some of these hopes.

The situation is not all bad, any means. Canada's pros-pects are said to be reason-ably good, depending on what happens during the next few weeks. Aside from some floods, Australia has had no serious' problems, according to experts in the United States. The, Soviet Union has predicted high grain yield, largely on the basis of a good winter wheat crop. But spring wheat, ac-I counting for about 35 per cent! of that nation's total wheat! crop, may be suffering from persistent high temperatures; and strong winds.

It appears that what is hap-pening now and what will, happen in the next few weeks, in many areas of the world may be crucial for food pro-duction this year.

The Department of Agricul-ture's mid-July world grain outlook called the situation somewhat less favorable than it was a month earlier.

"The June 14 production ;.:stimate was 1,000.5 million metric tons," said the depart, ment's estimate, "but s of mid-July, the total output is estimated at only 983.8 million metric tons."

Soviet Estimate Rises "The most important changes in crop prospects over the past month have been in the U.S.A. and the U.S.S.R.," said the re port on wheat and feed grains. "The latest U. S. crop estimate is ar 7,roximately 22 million tons below mid-June, whereas the U.S.S.R.. estimate has been. revised upward by about 11 , million tons."

All of the signs, both good and had, are being watched closely by specialists in weather and its effects on agriculture.

In the whole complex equa-tion of food, resources and population, the element that is least controllable and probably least predictable is weather. Yet, weather can spell the dif-ference between abundance and disaster almost anywhere. This year, experts in weather, Climate and agriculture have given much thought to the prospects for the coming years and decades.

----sentially this subject. A unit of the National Academy of Sciences is preparing a major report on climate change. The Environmental Data Service 'of the National Oceanic and At-mospheric Administration is or-ganizing a special group of experts to keep close watch on global weather a& it relates to food production. And a work-shop sponsored by the Interna-tional Federal of Institutes for Advanced Study prepared a de-tailed report on the impact of climate change on the quality and character of human life. The summary statement of that report is one of the grimmest forecasts to be made in recent years. Dr. Walter Orr Roberts, one of the na-tion's foremost experts on cli-mate, believes there is a grow-ing consensus in his field that agrees with the workshop's assessment.

"The studies of many schol-ars of climatic change attest that a new climatic pattern is now emereing," the work-shop's summary said: "There is a growing consensus that the change will persist for sev-eral decades and that the cur-rent food-production systems of man cannot easily adjust. It is also expected that the climate will become more va-riable than in recent decades." "We believe that this cli-matic change poses a threat to the people of the world," the summary continued. "The di-rection of climate change in-dicates major crop failures al-most certainly within the decade. This, coinciding with a period of almost nonexistent grain reserves, can be ignored only at the risk of great suf-fering and mass starvation."

Dr. Roberts, who is program chairman of the federation, said that scientists of several nations participated in the workshop. Its conclusions were unanimous.

Although all scientists do not pit the matter in such stark terms and many doubt that a clear change in climate is demonstrable, there is wide-spread agreement on one point: The weather patterns ehat have prevailed in recent decades are anything but nor-mal when viewed against the history of the past several centuries.

The mean temperature of the northern hemisphere in-creased steadily from the early nineteen-hundreds through the early nineteen-forties. Since then, it has been on its way downward toward the colder circumstances of the last cen-tury. _{The drop since the}

rime-scientists believe this is! enough to trigger changes: that could have important ef-fects on the world's weathers and agriculture.

In recent publications, Dr. Reid Bryson of the University of Wisconsin, one of the chief :proponents of the view that .climate change is overtaking :mankind, has cited India as au example of the possible ;hazards.

Unfavorable 'Trend Early in this century, severe droughts seemed to hit north-ern and northwestnorth-ern India roughly once every three or four years. In more recent decades, the monsoon rains moved northward and the fre-'quency of droughts declined ,to about once or twice in 120 years. Dr. Bryson and other iscientists now believe that the Itrend is back toward the less Ifavorable conditions of the learty nineteen-hundreds.

Meanwhile, the Indian popu-lation has greatly increased !and demands on the nation's agriculture have risen ac-cordingly.

Apart from that kind of long-range consideration, the situation in India this year is being watched with particular attention because, in the view of several experts, it 'is poten-tially 'serious.

The heavy monsoon rains vital to India's agriculture seem to be at least a month late, according to the latest world summary of the weekly weather and crop bulletin, published by the Departments of Commerce and Agriculture.

7th Year of Draught Dr. Richard FeIch, one of the weather experts involved in producing the bulletin, said the, latest data available to them showed that three-fourths of the total grain producing area of India was be-low normal in rainfall this year. Rainfall was normal at this time last year throughout most of the sub-continent.

The sub-Saharan region of Africa, another area of the world ultimately dependent on monsoon rains, is now in its seventh year of drought.

The region is currently ex-periencing a brief reprieve as the result of a somewhat wet-ter rainy season that has been the pattern in recent years. Some observers say the rains may even allow modest crops of sorghum and millet to be harvested.

Even so, most experts view the csirrent rains as only a temporary fluctuation. Dr. Bryson and others believe that the sub-Sahara will continue

that is iikek to persist. This, like most other asteects of cur-rent climate, is subject to considerable debate among specialists.

One important reason that all ot the world's weather signs are being watched closely this year is that the world cioet not have the margin of safety in food grains that it had a few decades ago.

One specialist said that the world's total grain reserves were equal to the approximate difference between a good crop year and a bad one, 1Thus, it would take only one !bad crop year to draw the Isafety margin in world food down close to the vanishing point.

Thus, experts are keeping a close watch on such diverse phenomena as the tary mon-soon rains over India, hot weather in the Soviet Union cast of the Urals, and the mois-ture in the soil of sun-baked Itows. Now, perhaps more than ever before in man's his-tory, they all tie together. , 1ttqeed,_ some .scientiets be-lieve efforts to build up world food reserves ought to be La Major international coneeen.

Although there is no pros-pect of a food shortage in ',forth America, specialists are keeping a watchful eye on the Southwest, the Plains States and the Corn Belt because the United States is so important to the world's total food sup-ply.

Lyle M. Denny, who helps Dr. Fetch to produce the weekly weather and crop bul-letin, said a drought began last fall in West Texas and ad-joining areae of the South-west and has since spread northward and eastward. He said ranchers have had to haul water to their cattle in New Mexico, Arizona and Utah.

Dr. Louis M. Thompson, as-sociate dean of agriculture at Iowa State University in Ames, said hot, dry weather had re-duced Iowa's potential corn and soybean crops by at least 10 per cent. A sophisticated statistical study of tempera-ture, soil moisture and their effects on crops has led Dr. Thompson to a rough rule of thumb relating temperature to crop yield.

According to this rule of thumb, he said in a recent in-terview, the corn crop will be reduced one bushel an acre for every cumulative 10 de-grees- that. the temperattlre rises above 90. For example, the temperature rises to 9.5 dn a given day.he wo1_record

Les the end of the third week in July. Dr. Thompson said, the cumulative total reached 114 degrees above 90. For both corn and soybeans. this would mean a reduction in :sield of about 10 per cent, according to his calculations, But Dr. Thompson sees more potential significance to the number than the effect on this year's crop.

10% Reduction Seen The record of 114 has not been approached since the drought year of 1954, when the total through July 21 was 96. The record has not been! surpassed since She "dusti bowl" drought year of 1936, when the cumulative degrees, above 90 in Iowa totaled 236, through the first 21 days of July.

Di.. Thompson said records to 1840 show that the agricul-turally important region in which he lives has been hit by a severe drought in a cycle that OCCUrs roughly every two

decades. The most recent cycles came in the mid-nine-teen-thirties and the mid-fif-ties, according to his figures. And he notes with little cone placency that the next drought would be "due" in the mid-seventies.

Dr. Thompson and those scientists who agree with him think the timing of the cur-rent harsh weather in the West may be more than coin-cidence.'

J But there is sharp disagree-ment among experts on this :point. Some see no evidence of any cyclical 20-year pat-tern, and no logical or scien-tific basis for it.

Specialists in the Depart-ment of Agriculture, for ex-ample, are among those who disagree with Dr. Thompson. They believe that weather is a random variable, obeying no regular cyclic pattern over the years except, of course, the

seasons.

'Richard C. McArdle, an economist and climatologist in the Department of Agriculture, szloubts the reality of a 20-year cycle and does not think that there will be a global run of bad weather this year or in the near future. The more likely pattern for any year, he be-lieves, is one in which some areas of the world have good weather for crops while other areas do not. This year's pat-tern is like that, he says.

He and others in the depart-ment also argue that modern ,agricultural technology and ir-Irigation are capable of mid-lgating the effects of drought

--I.

WORLD CLIMATE (continued) in the United States. This, too, is an area of disagreement among experts. Some doubt that American agriculture, pro-ficient as it is, can be "drought resistant" in any major sense. , Regardless of their views on the existence of a 20-year cycle and the drought resist-ance of modern agriculture, many scientists are agreed on one important point: The United States has had a run of remarkably good weather during the last 15 years. And many think it f2olhardy to ex-pect that good fortune to con-tinue indefinitely.

Probability of Change Dr. J. Murray Mitchell of the National Oceanic and Atmos-pheric Administration's envir-onmental Data Service is among the experts who be-lieve that the world should be alert to the probability of change in weather patterns.

Dr. Mitchell, who is one of the nation's leading experts on climate change, says scientists have learned a great deal in the last five years about the fluctuations that have disturbed ,the earth's climate in the past. ;1-1e also says there is no doubt that the earth is now at the peak of a very warm period. ;Change is to be expected.

The point made by many ex-perts is this: World population ;has soared in the last few 'decades. World agriculture, i adapting to the present norm, has only barely managed to stay ahead. The pressures of ;population and food need are ;so great now that the system has lost much of its flexibility. ,In such a situation, any change from the present 'normal" 'weather could bring serious

trouble.

"The normal period is nor-mal only by definition," Dr. Bryson said in a recent article. "There appears to be nothing like it in the past 1,000 years."

sr•-=F?_,INT SM.A.r11 vsr r-rimiz. COLIN-CIL

August 29, 1974

_J. R. Barkley President

National Water Resources Association 897 National Press Building

Washington, D. C. 20004

Dear Mr. Barkley:

In answer to your request for me to address your General Session this November in Fresno, California, I will be happy to do so. It sounds very interesting and I

agree that close support between the Western States Water Council and the National Water Resources Association is very important.

Thank you again for the invitation.

Very trul yours,

WA.GCF Chairman

STATE OF CALIFORNIA—THE RESOURCES AGENCY RONALD REAGAN, Governor

STATE WATER RESOURCES CONTROL BOARD

ROOM 1015, RESOURCES BUILDING

1416 NINTH STREET 0 SACRAMENTO 95314

August 15,

1974

James H. Carter, Esquire

Horton, Knox, Carter & Foote

Suite 101, Law Building

895 Broadway

El Centro, California 92243

Dear Mr. Carter:

-

_{122 •}

A UG .

--T91757-'4

You were present at the May

30, 1974,

meeting of the Regional

Water Quality Control Board, Colorado River Basin Region, when

I advised the Regional Board that discharges of wastewaters from

concentrated animal feeding operations into agricultural drains

were discharges into "waters of the United States", within the

meaning of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, and

there-fore required NPDES permits. Your associate, Mr. Foote, was

present at the Regional Board's meeting of July

18, 1974,

at

which I reviewed for the Board certain precedents from which my

opinion was based. At that time I referred to a federal

dis-trict court case in Nebraska wherein it was reportedly held

that a discharge by a feedlot operator to an agricultural drain

was a discharge to "waters of the United States" under the FWPCA.

Subsequently, I have been able to obtain more information on

this case. It is U. S. v. American Beef Packers, Inc. (U.S.D.C.

Nebraska, No. CR 74-0-30). This is a criminal action by the

Environmental Protection Agency against American Beef Packers,

Inc., operators of a feedlot in western Nebraska which

dis-charged effluent into Moffat Drain, tributary to a trout stream

called Nine Mile Creek, which is in turn tributary to the North

Platte River. The defendant was cited for a violation of

33

U.S.C. 1311-1319.

On March

15, 1974,

he filed a motion to

dis-miss the charge on the basis that it did not charge discharge

of a pollutant into navigable waters. The motion was briefed

and orally argued, and on April 25,

1974,

the trial judge

over-ruled the motion.

On May

3, 1974,

defendant again moved to dismiss the indictment

on the specific grounds that Moffat Drain and Nine Mile Creek

are not waters of the United States, or in the alternative that

the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 are

unconstitutional as being beyond the powers of Congress and as

void for vagueness and overbreadth. This motion was briefed

and orally argued, and on May 30,

1974,

the trial court

over-ruled this second motion to dismiss.

I understand that the trial court intends to file a written

order on its decision to overrule the second motion to dismiss,

but has not yet done so. However, I do have a copy of the

written order overruling defendant's first motion to dismiss

in which defendant preliminarily addressed himself to the

jurisdictional issue which appears to have been more directly

raised by the second motion to dismiss. I enclose a copy of

that written order, together with a copy of the second motion

to dismiss, which was overruled ex banca.

It does appear that the courts will sustain exercises of

juris-diction under the FWPCA over discharges into all types of

sur-face watercourses, at least where such waters are tributary to

waters which are navigable under the traditional navigability

doctrine.

Sincerely,

James T. Markle

Attorney

Enclosures

cc: Arthur Swajian, Executive Officer

Colorado River Basin Regional Board

I •

TN UNITED S"'ATES DISTRICT cc=

DISTRICT OF T5:17 '7D ST= OF C2I2INAL NO. 71-0-30 7)/a4 nti ,'f, ?AC=S, INC., Defendant. 1 :,r.C'frr-N '73v 17:77----_=:4T '70 -=ISS

The defendant American Beef Packers, Inc, r-sp.,.ctf,'1'7

uests the court to dismiss the indictment against it, consisting .

-of one count, for the following reasons:

The United States must show an addition of a pollutant to "'waters of the United States."

The power of Congress extends only to the regulation of 'waters of the United States" and the effect thereon.

Moffat Drain and Nine Mile Creek are not waters of the United States.

4. The indictment alleging the unlawful discharge and deosit

of a pollutant pinto Moffat Drain, then to Nina Mile Creek, waters of the United States" is unconstitutional on its face.

5. To the extent that the Federal Water Pollution Act

Amend-7n/2:It of 1972, 86 Stat. 816, includes Moffat Drain and/or Nine Mile Creek within the definition of "raters of the United States', said is unconstitutional as being beyond the pcw4:Irs of C.snress, -)Eling void for vagueness, and as being void for overbreadth.

Beef ?acker3, Inc. r,,,(Tuests oral arT:-%,Ist

..)

13y

---for T '.71 GE _{3 :3,Cip71}

STROM „, SC.F.CRR & BArlaTT.17-37c /000 :-/oodmen Tower

Cmaha, Nebraska 63102 (402) 342-5350

Its Attor.navs.

C'ER..72 PIC:ATE CF

certify that a true and correct copy of the -foregoing .otion has been served upon the plaintiff herein by laving a cozy

at the office of William it. Schaphorst, United States Attorney,

Federal Building, Omaha, Nebraska, on the _{day of}

1974.

-a."

--• /

r Po •-) ;' '

-r _

... ....

IN THE UNT1'2D STATES DISTRICT COURT,_.

-.7 .

FOR THE DISTRICT OF NE3RASXA---- _,

-UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff, vs

Al%!ERICAN BEEF PACKERS, INC, Defendant.

.._.... CRIM. NO.

0 D ER

This matter is before the Court on defendant's Motion to Dismiss and, in the alternative, Motion for a Bill of Particulars [Filing 45]. The Court has received written arguments and has

heard oral arguments on defendant's motion.

Defendant has been charged under 33 U.S.C. §13110 13190 with discharging and depositing a pollutant into waters of the United States. In its argument, defendant challenges the suf-ficiency of the indictment for the reason that the Government faiis7tO:ailege:that--the diScharge'Ofpollutants%was-maTe into navigable waters. Defendant views this as a fatal defect.

The Government argues that an allegation concerning ,navig-able waters is unnecessary under. the Federal Water Pollution Act Amendments of 1972, 86 Stat, 816,

The Court agrees with the Government. Congress has th power to define away thet old navigability restriction and

clearly intended to do so in the 1972 Amendments to the Federal water Pollution Control Act. United States v. Ashland Oil and Transnortation Co., 3154 F.Supp. 349 [19733; United S1ate3 v.

nt

EU.S.D.C.

197h]. An indictment alleging that pollutants were discharged into waters cf tha United States is sufficient to withstand a motion co dismiss.

With*.r.egard to defendant's motion for a bill of particulars, the Court finds that it should be sustained in nart.

the indictment is overruled and that tie Government _{furnish the} defendant with a bill of particulars di:3clo3ing the source from

which the alleged pollutant was discharged or deposited _{and tha}

nature _{of the pollutant which wa3}

allegedly discharged or deposited.

Dated this _{day of April, 1974.}

BY THE COUPT

7 ' 7.

iii

oGerc

Deltv,ev

Robert V. Denney

United States District Judga

e-,

-•

tain/.6hemical, physical and biological integrity of the'Nationi waters". 6/13/74 TELEPHONE CONVETZSATION BRONN - CAHILL • •

The reference is Environmental Reporter, Current 'Dev'dlopments, page 1240. JFeb. 6, 1973]

„.

It will, of course, be a major taSk to -n-Eermine, on a case-by-case basis, what waters fall within the categpry "waters of the

United States." However, for the purpose of making an initial dministrative determination, at least the following waters would appear to be'"waters of the United States":

•

1. All navigable waters of the United States;

2. Tributaries of the navigable waters of the United States;. 3. Interstate waters;

a

4. Intrastate lakes, rivers, and streams which are utilized •k by interstate travelers for recreational or other purposes;

and

Intrastate lakes, rivers, and streams from which fish or: shell fish are taken or sold in interstate commerce;

1,) 4

intrastate lakes, rivers, and streams which are utilized for industrial purposes by industries in Interstate Commerce. I believe that this broad interpretation is well grounded in the language of the statute and in the legislative history, and

•

comports with the expressed intent of Congress to "restore and

main-the

BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT STATE OFFICE 316 NORTH 26TH STREET BILLINGS, MONTANA 59101 Mr. Keith Williams Montana Power 113 North Broadway Billings, Montana 59101 Dear Mr. Williams: AUG

5 1974

At the last Montana Water Development Association meeting you requested information for our National Association on what legislation they should support in Washington.

The Senate has approved an organic act for the Bureau of Land Management. The Act, S.424, now goes to the House where a similar measure is already in the markup stage. Conservationists are concerned, however, that the House version is not up to par.

The act passed by the Senate would provide the first comprehensive state-ment of Congressional goals, objectives, and authority for the managestate-ment of more than 450 million acres of public land. It would designate those lands as"natural resource lands" in order to signify their importance to the nation.

The national resource lands comprise the nation's largest system of public lands. They make up 20 percent of America's land base and 60 percent of all Federal public lands. Over the years, Congress has established a com-prehensive statutory base for management of the national forests, parks, and wildlife refuges, but no similar foundation exists for the national resource lands.

Management of the national resource lands now is governed by a conglomera-tion of some 3,000 public land laws which have accumulated over the past 170 years. These laws often are conflicting, if not completely at cross purposes. They certainly are incomplete and inadequate. Enaction of the Senate measure would facilitate better management of the national resource lands by eliminating the dependence of BLM on the old land laws and provide in one statute an orderly, systematic, planned approach to land management -which will benefit all public land values.

Sincerely,

f7/ L.

1"Bill D. Noble

PROPOSED RESOLUTION FOR THE WESTERN STATES WATER COUNCIL WITH RESPECT TO IRRIGATION DISCHARGE PERMITS

\NHEREAS, it is essential to the nations well being that its

waters be maintained in high quality; and

WHEREAS, it is essential that the nations agricultural community

have water suitable to the maintenance of a healthy and viable society; and WHEREAS, the national pollutant discharge elimination system established in Section 402 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act

Amendments of 1972 requires waste discharge permits to be issued

for all point sources including those pertaining to agricultural irrigation

facilities; the same to be acquired by the end of 1974; and

WHEREAS, there is not presently adequate data and information

to properly administer a permit program for irrigation return flows; and WHEREAS, as a result of the lack of such adequate data and in-formation, the principal administrator of the Federal Pollution Control

Act (and its NPDES), the United States Environmental Protection Agency, and the various states participating in the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System, are not presently in a position to

administer a program based on adequate information and understanding; and

WHEREAS, research is presently being conducted by various

governmental and non-governmental entities for the purpose of obtaining the needed data and information to properly administer a permit

Water Council that:

The Congress be urged to extend the date for implementation and enforcement of a permit program for irrigation return flows

pending the development by the Environmental Protection Agency, with the assistance of the States, of realistic, adequate and equitable

VI.

POLLUTION SOURCE PERMIT. PROGRAM

WHEREAS, there is not presently adequate data and information to

properly administer a permit program for irrigation return flows

as required in Section 402 of the Federal Water Pollution Control

Act Amendments of 1972; and

WHEREAS, there is a similar lack of understanding and criteria

for implementation of the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination

"System as regards other point sources; and

WHEREAS, it is essential that the quality of the nation's air and water.

be protected;

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the 1974 Western Governors' Conference

that:

•

The Congress be urged to extend the date for implementation

pending development by the Environmental Protection Agency,

with the assistance of the States, of standards, guidelines

and procedures for a realistic, adequate and equitable permit

MIKA

NITER MAZES

ASS= a

J. R. BARKLEY, President JOHN W. SIMMONS, Treasurer (Colorado) (Texas)

ROBERT T. CHUCK, Vice-President J. A. R1GGINS JR., Past President (Hawaii) (Arizona)

JOHN A. ROSHOLT, Vice-President (Idaho)

897 NATIONAL PRESS BUILDING WASHINGTON, D. C. 20004 (202) 347-2672

September 5, 1974

Mr. J.R. Barkley, President

National Water Resources Association P.O. Box 679

Loveland, Colorado Dear Bob:

This suggests one approach to a mini-summit on the economy, should you participate.

The approach recognizes that actions to support National goals may conflict. For example, last year's temporary embargo on soybean exports --aimed at an inflating price -- shook confidence in the ability of the U.S. to satisfy overseas markets needed to buoy up the dollar.

Similarly, the aim to stimulate employment by Federal spending con-flicts with budgetary actions to slow inflation; this conflict may be a subject of the mini-summit.

This letter suggests that selective Federal spending aimed at increasing jobs, especially in sectors where unemployment is rising, can aim also at build-ing confidence in agricultural export capabilities. Such confidence is vital to several national goals, especially now as debates on control of agricultural ex-ports chill our customers.

That kind of selective spending exists in water developments for irrigation and flood reduction. Projects selected from the $billions already authorized could quickly be screened for acceleration; this can be done by the Federal agencies and the River Basin Commissions, in crash sessions of the Water Resources Council. In this way, no inexperienced entity would be involved, and States would participate as Commission members.

..-CONTINUED..

DIRECTORS _{Vernon Fahy, N.D. E. F. (Don) Doncaster, Wash.} J. A. (Ted) Riggins, Jr., Ariz. Ray Cudney, Kans. Clarence Base, Okla. Karl Bergner, Wyo.

James F. Sorensen, Calif. Hubert G. White, Mont. Harold Henigson, Ore. Ronald I. Cross

J. R. Barkley, Colo. Judge William C. Smith, Jr., Nebr. Homer Engelhorn, S. D. Railroad Representative, Texas Robert T. Chuck, Hawaii Roland Westergard, Nev. John W. Simmons, Tex. Carl H. Bronn

Barkley-- - -2

Thus, President Ford could quickly be furnished choices for accelerating investments on work which is:

..already approved by the Executive and the Legislative;

..for which environmental impact statements already are filed; ..where designs are either complete, or nearly so;

..where effects to combat flood and drouth will soon be beneficial; ..where aid to national goals will extend over 50 or 100 years; ..where local participation is assured;

„likely to forestall future relief related to flood and drouth; ..located in rural areas where cumulative pollution effects are

lesser problems.

The foregoing make a strong case for accelerating water development. To that case add the effects of weather this year -- in the Great Plains -- on in-flation. Consider the effects of drouth there on the: availability of food, export aims, loss of taxes, uncertainties for ancillary businesses. Note also that:

..60% of the Nation's wheat and 35% of its cattle have come from the Great Plains, stricken by drouth during 1952-56 and 1933-37.*

..experts warn that favorable weather patterns of the past 20 years may be again changing.

..worldwide reserves of food are seriously low.

In short, selective acceleration of water development construction can

afford a mix that will be highly beneficial to employment and other priority aims -including both the total environment and also medium and long-range soundness of the dollar. And the mechanisms for creating that favorable mix exist!

To give specific meaning to the preceding, two expert views about irriga-tion are attached:

..the "conclusions" are those of the Battelle Memorial Institute in its research report "The Economic Impact of the Second Bacon Siphon and Tunnel" ...a project which the Congress directs be started.

..the charts compare economic factors in an irrigated area to those of dryland farms. They are by Washington State University in "Economic Significance of Columbia Basin Proj ect Development".

Sincerely, Encl.

Carl H. Bron

Conclusions:

"Irrigation of the East High Area would stimulate economic growth in an area where there are presently few demands on environmental resources. Growth could therefore take place while the quality of the environment was maintained. Stability of the economies of both the rural area and the municipalities adjacent to it would be improved by this growth. If the economy of Washington was at, or near, full

employ-ment, initial construction activity would add to inflationary pressures in the short-run. If men and equipment were idle, these inflationary pressures would not exist. In the long run, because of the increased stability caused by diversification and the opportunities to use new technology, irrigation would increase the real gross product of the state, and therefore contribute toward strengthening the dollar."

..."The Economic Impact of the Second Bacon Siphon and Tunnel"; Battelle Memorial Institute research report.

1301 1200 ii

8 I too LEGEND WAGES

1000 1 Project Area Z 900 0 Comparison Area _t; .1.

!800F

E

0 .8

t

0, EL

L11114

,.,f;

27. Trend of hired farm workers and wages paid, Project area and Comparison area, 1948 to 1963. ...„ IF ° 2 90. ' goo WORKERS .7,_eft 700

:soo Project Ar•a..„ t.,.. :500 I \ tJ \ : 2 400 .... l... rep A _etail : 200 Comparison Area—, 100ppor, 0 i948 1950 1952 1954 1956 1958 1960 [962 Years Percent 800 ...''."."..\\, 700 600 • 500 400 0 . Wastik1,31°.°.•• ••• ***** 300 5'9!! **** • 200 .•*... .+1.1 Area ..-- ..., ... ...„. ..., I ... ..c •—. ...., -i- ---4 1,.... ..,4,3J.Z.j4:. 100 . I_i I .9 I .1.0 111. 1.74 ,1/56 1.11 i1,10 il. ,•11

32. Business and occupation taxes, Washington State, Project and Comparison areas, 1948 to 1963 (1948=100).

. . . " Economic Significance of Columbia Basin Project Development";

COLORADO WATER CONGRESS

RECD.

SEP

1974

To: NWRA Committee of State Association Directors From: Val G. Killin

Subject: Federal investment in water resource projects

During the summer meeting of the NWRA Board of Directors, a concept on the foregoing subject emerged which is somewhat different from my initial interpretation. As we are searching for an NWRA position on Federal invest-ment in water resources developinvest-ment, the viewpoints of the NWRA State affil-iate organizations are of particular interest. Obviously, these may or may not be the same in all respects as the official State positions.

Additionally, my memorandum of July 8 apparently placed undue emphasis on the Water Resources Council's "Principles and Standards." Instead, the view prevails among the Directors that the draft "National Water Investment Act" is a good starting point. That draft was furnished to you via President J. R. Barkley's letter of June 19, 1974. Therefore, we would like very much to have your comments on the draft "National Water Investment Act," supple-mented by whatever related observations you would be willing to offer. At this stage it is our goal to ascertain what the State Associations would like to have in such a draft. The next step will be to arrange for someone to incorporate the various viewpoints into a document which we can study and discuss as a Committee.

The targets set for us are to collect comments from all the States by mid-October, have a draft put together about November 1, then meet as a Com-mittee to discuss the subject in conjunction with the NWRA Convention in Fresno. Whatever you can do to help fulfill these goals will be deeply appreciated.

Sincerely,

Val G. Killin, Chairman

NWRA Committee of State Association Directors cc: J. R. Barkley

Carl H. Bronn

TO: NWRA BOARD OF DIRECTORS

SUBJECT: FRESNO CONVENTION (As of Sept. 6)

PLACE: S ieraton Inn -- November 10 - 15 SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 10:

..1:30 P.M. Board Meeting (ResCom Opticnal)

..5:00P.M. Ice-Breaker in Board Room (Wives Invited) MONDAY, NOVEMBER ll:

..Yosemite Bus Tour -- Departure Early (Approximately 8:00 A.M.) ..Board and ResCom Meeting likely

..Possible dinner with Directors of the Water Resources Congress TUESDAY, NOVEMBER

..Technical Tour -- Irrigation & Central California Project including Roma Winery, Sunset Raisins (Probable 8:00 A.M.

departure).

..Possible meeting with Directors of the Water Resources Congress and catch-up with Tech Tour.

WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 13: 8:00-9:30 A.M. Caucuses

9:45 A.M. General Session & Invocation 10:00 A.M. President Barkley's Message 10:30 A .M. KEYNOTE: Commissioner Stamm 11:00 A.M. "Agriculture and the Oriental Market"

12:00 Noon LUNCH -- Assistant Secretary of Interior HORTON "Energy & Water"

2:00 P.M.

3:00 P.M.

6:00 P.M.

Section A -- Cleaner Irrigation Water

EPA and NWRA Water Users Committee Section B -- Water Research

Dr. Warren Hall, Director °WWI' Workshops:

(a) Public Education .Prograir; Sponsor, USBR (b) Water Data; Sp)nsor, USGS

(c) Strengthening State Associations; Sponsor, Assoc. Execs. MEET AND GREET

--Snacks and Softies -- California Committee --Snifters -- Buy Tickets!

CONVENTION ----2 THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 14: 8:00 A.M. 9:15 A .M. 10:00 A .M. 10:30 A .M. 11:15 A .M. LUNCH 2:00 P.M. 3:00 P.M. 6:30 P.M. 7:30 P.M. FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 15: 8:00 A.M. 9:15 A.M. Caucuses

"Energy and You!" -- Pacific Gas & Electric

Western States Water Council, Chairman Groff of Montana Civil Works - Westwide -- The Deputy Chief of Engineers

Major General Dan Raymond

Assistant Secretary of Agriculture Yeutter -- introduced by Congressman Bernie Sisk

The "Bizz" Johnson Dine-In.

Section A -- National Land Use Pplicy -Push or Pull? °Chairman, Asst. Administrator of S .0 .S . *

Section B -- Quantification of Federal Water Rights By Law or Time?

Chairman, V.P. J.A . Riggins Jr., (Tentative) Workshops:

(a) New law for Federal water investments?

Ray Killin, Executive Director, Colorado Water Congress (b) How the locals finance large projects.

Chairman Teerink;

Guests: Directors John Simmons & John Rosholt All-States Warm-Up (No Host)

ALL-STATES BANQUET

Final Caucuses

Flood Plains -- What's New?

..Film by Environmental. Defense Fund; ..Explam.t.ion of new law by HUD;

..Discussion by Federal Construction Agencies (Tentative)

*GUESTS: • American Farm Bureau

VSTESTETZ.N ST.A.rrES 'WATER CCDTJI•TOILI

August 29, 1974

J. R. Barkley President

National Water Resources Association 897 National Press Building

Washington, D. C. 20004

Dear Mr. Barkley:

In answer to your request for me to in Fresno, California, I will be happy agree that close support between the National Water Resources Association Thank you again for the invitation. Very trul yours,

oAr,,,; , . . G Chairman

address your General Session this November to do so. It sounds very interesting and I Western States Water Council and the

is very important.