IN
DEGREE PROJECT ARCHITECTURE, SECOND CYCLE, 30 CREDITS
,
STOCKHOLM SWEDEN 2020
The right to one's home
Thesis project on affordable housing in Warsaw
KINGA ZEMLA
affordable housing |
panel system | the place | system implementation
5/75
* Eurostat data
GSEducationalVersion
20% highest income group Important target group. In-comes high enough to inde-pendently fulfil housing needs, but due to lack of diversified housing offer, tied to mortgage.
30% - lowest income group 20% - low income group Important target groups. In-comes low enough to obtain governmental or municipal sup-port (of different kinds). In the project their needs should be represented by dispersing social housing (blind tenure strategy). 30% medium income group
Main target group with incomes too high for social support, but too low to fulfil their housing needs on the free market.
main directions of criticism of Polish housing policies
affordable housing < 40% of household’s income*
project background
target groups
Quantitative assumptions Beside ageing of the society, it is expected that by 2050 population of Poland will shrink by 12% (4.5 mln people). Housing deficit is not sky-high and rather manageable and therefore should not be the main premise of housing policy.
Lack of rental apartments Rental apartments do not have a wide appeal. Nearly 12% of the population rents out social housing, but only 4.5% does it on the free market.
Minor portion of national budget channelled to housing Only 0,08% of GDP is invested in housing, which is five times less than the EU average.
1. 2. 3. 0,08% GDP 2020 2050 38 mln 33,5 mln social housing rent on a free market
affordable housing |
panel system | the place | system implementation
6/75
* Eurostat data
GSEducationalVersion
20% highest income group Important target group. In-comes high enough to inde-pendently fulfil housing needs, but due to lack of diversified housing offer, tied to mortgage.
30% - lowest income group 20% - low income group Important target group. Incomes low enough to obtain govern-mental or municipal support (of different kinds). In the pro-ject their needs should be rep-resented by dispersing social housing (blind tenure strategy). 30% medium income group
Main target group with incomes too high for social support, but too low to fulfil their housing needs on the free market.
main directions of criticism of Polish housing policies
affordable housing < 40% of household’s income*
project background
target groups
Quantitative assumptions Beside ageing of the society, it is expected that by 2050 population of Poland will shrink by 12% (4.5 mln people). Housing deficit is not sky-high and rather manageable and therefore should not be the main premise of housing policy.
Lack of rental apartments
Rental apartments do not have a wide appeal. Nearly 12% of the population rents out social housing, but only 4.5% does it on the free market.
Minor portion of national budget channelled to housing
Only 0,08% of GDP is invested in housing, which is five times less than the EU average.
1. 2. 3. 0,08% GDP 2020 2050 38 mln 33,5 mln social housing rent on a free market
affordable housing |
panel system | the place | system implementation
7/75
* Eurostat data
GSEducationalVersion
20% highest income group Important target group. In-comes high enough to inde-pendently fulfil housing needs, but due to lack of diversified housing offer, tied to mortgage.
30% - lowest income group 20% - low income group Important target group. Incomes low enough to obtain govern-mental or municipal support (of different kinds). In the pro-ject their needs should be rep-resented by dispersing social housing (blind tenure strategy). 30% medium income group
Main target group with incomes too high for social support, but too low to fulfil their housing needs on the free market.
main directions of criticism of Polish housing policies
affordable housing < 40% of household’s income*
project background
target groups
Quantitative assumptions
Beside ageing of the society, it is expected that by 2050 population of Poland will shrink by 12% (4.5 mln people). Housing deficit is not sky-high and rather manageable and therefore should not be the main premise of housing policy.
Lack of rental apartments Rental apartments do not have a wide appeal. Nearly 12% of the population rents out social housing, but only 4.5% does it on the free market.
Minor portion of national budget channelled to housing
Only 0,08% of GDP is invested in housing, which is five times less than the EU average.
1. 2. 3. 0,08% GDP 2020 2050 38 mln 33,5 mln social housing rent on a free market
affordable housing |
panel system | the place | system implementation
8/75
* Eurostat data
GSEducationalVersion
20% highest income group Important target group. In-comes high enough to inde-pendently fulfil housing needs, but due to lack of diversified housing offer, tied to mortgage.
30% - lowest income group 20% - low income group Important target group. Incomes low enough to obtain govern-mental or municipal support (of different kinds). In the pro-ject their needs should be rep-resented by dispersing social housing (blind tenure strategy). 30% medium income group
Main target group with incomes too high for social support, but too low to fulfil their housing needs on the free market.
main directions of criticism of Polish housing policies
affordable housing < 40% of household’s income*
project background
target groups
Quantitative assumptions
Beside ageing of the society, it is expected that by 2050 population of Poland will shrink by 12% (4.5 mln people). Housing deficit is not sky-high and rather manageable and therefore should not be the main premise of housing policy.
Lack of rental apartments
Rental apartments do not have a wide appeal. Nearly 12% of the population rents out social housing, but only 4.5% does it on the free market.
Minor portion of national budget channelled to housing Only 0,08% of GDP is invested in housing, which is five times less than the EU average.
1. 2. 3. 0,08% GDP 2020 2050 38 mln 33,5 mln social housing rent on a free market
affordable housing |
panel system | the place | system implementation
9/75
* Eurostat data
GSEducationalVersion
20% highest income group Important target group. In-comes high enough to inde-pendently fulfil housing needs, but due to lack of diversified housing offer, tied to mortgage.
30% - lowest income group 20% - low income group Important target groups. In-comes low enough to obtain governmental or municipal sup-port (of different kinds). In the project their needs should be represented by dispersing social housing (blind tenure strategy). 30% medium income group
Main target group with incomes too high for social support, but too low to fulfil their housing needs on the free market.
main directions of criticism of Polish housing policies
affordable housing < 40% of household’s income*
project background
target groups
Quantitative assumptions Beside ageing of the society, it is expected that by 2050 population of Poland will shrink by 12% (4.5 mln people). Housing deficit is not sky-high and rather manageable and therefore should not be the main premise of housing policy.
Lack of rental apartments Rental apartments do not have a wide appeal. Nearly 12% of the population rents out social housing, but only 4.5% does it on the free market.
Minor portion of national budget channelled to housing Only 0,08% of GDP is invested in housing, which is five times less than the EU average.
1. 2. 3. 0,08% GDP 2020 2050 38 mln 33,5 mln social housing rent on a free market
organizational
spatial
varied housing offer mix tenure
technical solutions architectural flexibility brownfields/greenfields central/peripheral
public/private land ownership fiscal policy, constituting law
housing programs object/subject subsidies public-private partnership building groups housing cooperatives co-housing SY STEM (MUNICIP ALIT Y, ST ATE)
ARCHITECTURE, FORMAL AND TECHNICAL
SELF-ORGANISED GROUPS LOCA
TION,
URBAN
REL
ATIONS
The site chosen is located on land owned by municipality.
Different models are implemented within the proposal: public-private partnership, cooperation with housing cooperative and TBS
(Affordable Housing Association). To prevent social segregation or seg-mentation, blind tenure strategy should be applied to all buildings.
municipality private investor housing cooperative TBS + + +
Chosen site is located centrally and connected to existing infrastructure. The site is on a brownfield.
Masterplan for the area is based on a net of public and community spaces. Housing offer is rich to enable mix community.
Standardization of architectural plans and modern prefabrication technol-ogy to increase affordability.
1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
organizational
spatial
strategies and tools that affect housing affordability
main actors, necessary conditions, selected strategies
organizational
spatial
varied housing offer mix tenure
technical solutions architectural flexibility
brownfields/greenfields central/peripheral
public/private land ownership fiscal policy, constituting law
housing programs object/subject subsidies public-private partnership building groups housing cooperatives co-housing SY STEM (MUNICIP ALIT Y, ST ATE)
ARCHITECTURE, FORMAL AND TECHNICAL
SELF-ORGANISED GROUPS LOCA
TION,
URBAN
REL
ATIONS
The site chosen is located on land owned by municipality.
Different models are implemented within the proposal: public-private partnership, cooperation with housing cooperative and TBS
(Affordable Housing Association). To prevent social segregation or seg-mentation, blind tenure strategy should be applied to all buildings.
municipality private investor housing cooperative TBS + + +
Chosen site is located centrally and connected to existing infrastructure. The site is on a brownfield.
Masterplan for the area is based on a net of public and community spaces. Housing offer is rich to enable mix community.
Standardization of architectural plans and modern prefabrication technol-ogy to increase affordability.
1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
organizational
spatial
strategies and tools that affect housing affordability
main actors, necessary conditions, selected strategies
historical background
SKARNE S-66 SY STEM W ALL P ANEL, SOURCE: ST OCKHOLM ST ADSARKIVhistorical background
GSEducationalVersion 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112 1314151617 1 23456789 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 A A B B C C D D E E F F G G H H 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 1:100 EXISTING FLOOR PLANBL OCKS IN TENST A - OWN SP ATIAL STUDY SKARNE S -66 PL AN - SOURCE : ST ADSARKIVET P2: WUF system P1: SKARNE S-66 system STEM - SP
ATIAL REARRANGEMENT PROPOSAL
WUF SY
STEM - OWN PL
affordable housing
|
panel system |
the place | system implementation
15/75
panel systems
GSEducationalVersion
SYSTEM O1: NEW TOR:
-BLOCK 01
-BLOCK 02
-BLOCK 03
SYSTEM 02: SOHO TOWER
-BLOCK 01
-BLOCK 02
SYSTEM 03: CORRIDOR BLOCK
-BLOCK 01
affordable housing
|
panel system |
the place | system implementation
16/75
panel systems
GSEducationalVersion
SYSTEM O1: NEW TOR:
-BLOCK 01
-BLOCK 02
-BLOCK 03
SYSTEM 02: SOHO TOWER
-BLOCK 01
-BLOCK 02
SYSTEM 03: CORRIDOR BLOCK
-BLOCK 01
affordable housing
|
panel system |
the place | system implementation
17/75
panel systems
GSEducationalVersion
SYSTEM O1: NEW TOR:
-BLOCK 01
-BLOCK 02
-BLOCK 03
SYSTEM 02: SOHO TOWER
-BLOCK 01
-BLOCK 02
SYSTEM 03: CORRIDOR BLOCK
-BLOCK 01
affordable housing
|
panel system |
the place | system implementation
18/75
panel systems
GSEducationalVersion
SYSTEM O1: NEW TOR:
-BLOCK 01
-BLOCK 02
-BLOCK 03
SYSTEM 02: SOHO TOWER
-BLOCK 01
-BLOCK 02
SYSTEM 03: CORRIDOR BLOCK
-BLOCK 01
SY STEM 01 P ANELS NORTH F ACADE SOUTH F ACADE
system 01
System 01 “NEW TOR” comes with three block variations composed with
sev-en types of apartmsev-ents. Due to small number of apartmsev-ents around a
stair-case it is the most intimate setup. Two bigger apartments have windows on both
sides and the smaller one between them is not too deep, allowing for
north-south orientation. The system favours medium and bigger apartments and it
is the only one with generous loggias. Designed for 4 to 6 floors maximum.
block 01
block 02
block 03
GSEducationalVersion GSEducationalVersion GSEducationalVersion E: 74,2 m2 F: 81,3 m2 A: 36 m2 B: 42,9 m2 C:50 m2 C:50 m2 E:74,2 m2 D:59 m2 D:59 m2
0 1: BL OCK 0 1
SY STEM 0 1: BL OCK 0 2
0 1: BL OCK 0 2
SY STEM 0 1: BL OCK 0 3
EM 01: BL O CK 01 - EXPL ODED AX ONOMETRY OF STRUCTURAL P ANELS
SY ST EM 01: BL O CK 01 - EXPL ODED AX ONOMETRY OF STRUCTURAL P ANELS
EM 01: BL O CK 01 - STRUCTURAL PL AN
SY ST EM 01: BL O CK 02 - STRUCTURAL PL AN
EM 01: BL O CK 03 - STRUCTURAL PL AN
SY STEM 0 1: PANELS (01 )
0
1:
PANELS
(02
SY STEM 0 1: PANELS (03 )
ATIONS: FRONT (LEF T DRA WING), BA CK (RIGHT DRA WING) ANELS
system 02
System 02 “SOHO TOWER” comes with two block variations depending on if the
staircase is surrounded by five or six apartments. It’s a typology imagined for higher
buildings – up to 10 floors – with two elevators in the central core and possibly
gen-erous balconies. It introduces compact small and medium sized apartments, but also
bigger ones with large corner windows enriching its shared spaces – the living room,
dining area and the kitchen.
block 01
block 02
GSEducationalVersion GSEducationalVersion A: 37 m2 B: 47 m2 47 mB: 2 B: 47 m2 A: 37 m2 B: 47 m2 47 mB: 2 C: 74 m2 74 mC: 2 74 mC: 2 A: 37 m2SY STEM 0 2: BL OCK 0 1
0 2: BL OCK 0 2
SY STEM 0 2: BL OCK 0 2
EM 02: BL O CK 01 - EXPL ODED AX ONOMETRY OF STRUCTURAL P ANELS
SY STEM 0 2: STRUCTURAL PL AN
0 2: P ANELS (01 )
SY STEM 0 2: P ANELS (02 )
0 2: P ANELS (03 )
SY STEM 0 3 PANELS
system 03
System 03 “CORRIDOR BLOCK” has only one block variation and just as much as the
tower system favours smaller and medium sized apartments. It may seem less
spa-tially efficient due to the long corridor that runs in the middle, but on the other hand
it is the most flexible system on a volume scale. Particular apartments could be easily
taken out in order to create shared spaces, common terraces etc., it is also possible to
add more apartments, create corner blocks or play with its form in some other way.
block 01
GSEducationalVersion A: 36 m2 47 mB: 2 B: 47 m2 57 mC: 2 D: 67 m2 D: 69 m2 69 mD: 2 A: 36 m2 36 mA: 2 BA CK ELEV ATION FRONT ELEV ATION0
SY STEM 0 3 - EXPL ODED AX ONOMETRY OF STRUCTURAL P ANELS
0
3:
STRUCTURAL
PL
SY STEM 0 3: P ANELS (01 )
0 3: P ANELS (02 )
SY STEM 0 3: P ANELS (03 )
0 3: P ANELS (04 )
organizational
spatial
varied housing offer mix tenure
technical solutions architectural flexibility brownfields/greenfields central/peripheral
public/private land ownership fiscal policy, constituting law
housing programs object/subject subsidies public-private partnership building groups housing cooperatives co-housing SY STEM (MUNICIP ALIT Y, ST ATE)
ARCHITECTURE, FORMAL AND TECHNICAL
SELF-ORGANISED GROUPS LOCA
TION,
URBAN
REL
ATIONS
The site chosen is located on land owned by municipality.
Different models are implemented within the proposal: public-private partnership, cooperation with housing cooperative and TBS
(Affordable Housing Association). To prevent social segregation or seg-mentation, blind tenure strategy should be applied to all buildings.
municipality private investor housing cooperative TBS + + +
Chosen site is located centrally and connected to existing infrastructure. The site is on a brownfield.
Masterplan for the area is based on a net of public and community spaces. Housing offer is rich to enable mix community.
Standardization of architectural plans and modern prefabrication technol-ogy to increase affordability.
1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
organizational
spatial
strategies and tools that affect housing affordability
main actors, necessary conditions, selected strategies
organizational
spatial
varied housing offer mix tenure
technical solutions architectural flexibility
brownfields/greenfields central/peripheral
public/private land ownership
fiscal policy, constituting law housing programs object/subject subsidies public-private partnership building groups housing cooperatives co-housing SY STEM (MUNICIP ALIT Y, ST ATE)
ARCHITECTURE, FORMAL AND TECHNICAL
SELF-ORGANISED GROUPS LOCA
TION,
URBAN
REL
ATIONS
The site chosen is located on land owned by municipality.
Different models are implemented within the proposal: public-private partnership, cooperation with housing cooperative and TBS
(Affordable Housing Association). To prevent social segregation or seg-mentation, blind tenure strategy should be applied to all buildings.
municipality private investor housing cooperative TBS + + +
Chosen site is located centrally and connected to existing infrastructure. The site is on a brownfield.
Masterplan for the area is based on a net of public and community spaces. Housing offer is rich to enable mix community.
Standardization of architectural plans and modern prefabrication technol-ogy to increase affordability.
1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
organizational
spatial
strategies and tools that affect housing affordability
main actors, necessary conditions, selected strategies
A CC ORDING T O L OCAL PL AN W
the place
downtownarea inner city area urban area district of Kamionek
WARSAW
DOWNTOWN PRAGA POŁUDNIE STOCKHOLM
KAMIONEK DISTRICT STADION NATIONAL STADION CENTRUM NAUKI KOPERNIK NOWY ŚWIAT SOHO FACTORY WARSZAWA WSCHODNIA SKARYSZEWSKI PARK DWORZEC WILEŃSKI
T ANAL
YSIS
SOHO FACTORY
Old factories were given new names and functions - cafes, design studios, alternative theater and cinema, but also real estate offices.
Industrial area of Kamionek underwent revitalisation and was given a brand new name - Soho Factory. View from Mińska Street. Northern part of my site is completely flat with a great amount of trees. Siemens factory can be seen in the background.
Kamion Cross plan by WWAA. The studio proposed a rich offer of apartment types, with a majority of medium sized ones (45-60 m2).
Rebel One plan by WWAA. Housing tower with central staircase surrounded by four apartments with windows facing two sides. Rebel One: The first housing tower built in the area, awarded many architectural prizes for interesting brick details. Designed by WWAA.
“In a heart of big city. Close to nature. The central part of SOHO by YAREAL will be the linear park decorated with varied greenery.” SOHO by Yareal commercial from their website - Soho as a creative, hipster spot on Warsaw map. “Your place, your world”.
SITE
OVERVIEW
OWNERSHIP
REL
DIVISION INT O PL O TS DEVEL OPED B Y DIFFERENT A CT ORS
PUBLIC
INFRASTRUCTURE
NET
AERIAL
VIEW
OVER
ŻUPNICZA
PL
AN
NEW SOHO BLOCK 02
MIDDLE CLUSTER FAMILY CLUSTER
NEW SOHO BLOCK 01
EXISTING SOHO AREA
SITE
PL
AN
PL
AN
SOHO
BL
OCK
BL
OCK
SITE
PL
AN
PL
AN
NEW T OR BL OCK VIEW FROM T OR L OGGIA
BL
OCK
