HAVSFISKELABORATORIET LYSEKIL Nr INSTITUTE OF HYDROGRAPHIC RESEARCH

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HAVSFISKELABORATORIET LYSEKIL Nr INSTITUTE OF HYDROGRAPHIC RESEARCH

GÖTEBORG SERIES No

268

9

Observations along the Swedish coast and in the Deep Basins in the Baltic 1979.

Hydrography of the Kattegat and the

Skagerrak Area, Swedish Observations, 1979.

(Contribution to ICES "Annales Biologiques") by S. Engström, S. Fonselius and A. Svansson

January 1981

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Hydrografiska laboratoriet Box 2566, 403 17 Göteborg

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Observations along the Swedish coast and in the Deep Basins in the Baltic 1979.

Hydrography of the Kattegat and the Skagerrak Area, Swedish observations, 1979.

17 PrpjaktlaOara/RappOttttrfatiara

Sven Engström Stig Fonselius Artur Svansson

11 Sammanfattning tv ptofaktat/rapportan (anga gårna m*l»*ttning, matod, tikmk »ttulrtt m m)

1. Deviations of monthly means of temperature and salinity at Bornö.

2. Temp., sal. and oxygen at 4 occasions at the Skagerrak Deep.

|3. Oxygen saturation in the northern Kattegat on 6 occasions.

|4. Temp., sal., nutrients etc. on 5 occasions in the Baltic Proper.

|5. Maps on oxygen distribution in the deep water of the Baltic at

! 4 occasions.

•1. Avvikelser från 30-åriga månadsmedelvärden av temperatur och salt- halt vid Bornö hydrografiska station i Gullmarsfjorden.

|2. Mätdata av temperatur, salthalt och syrgas vid 4 tillfällen på Skagerrakdjupet (M 6).

i 3. Syrgasmättnad på en position i norra Kattegatt (Fladen ) vid 6 till- I fällen.

|4. Mätdata av temperatur, salthalt, syrgas, närsalter m.m. vid 5 till-

! fällen på djupstationerna i egentliga Östersjön.

5. Kartor över syrgas- och svavelväteutbredningen i Östersjöns djup-__

i vatten vid 4 tillfällen (områden med syrgas- fi>»«

I halter under 2 ml/l utmärkta). _____________ jStlg H. Fonselius

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j Hydrografi, salthalt, temperatur, syrgashalt, svavelväte,

| närsalter, Kattegatt, Skagerrak, Östersjön

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06 - 24 64 ⁷⁵

Observations along the Swedish coast and in the deep basins in the Baltic 1979.

The severe ice conditions during the winter 1978 - 1979 prevented observations from coast guard vessels and until May only few observations could be made. Therefore it is difficult to draw any general conclusions from these obser­

vations. The responsibility for the coast guard observations were from July 1979 transferred entirely to the Meteorolo­

gical Institute.

Figures 1, 2, 3 and U show the oxygen conditions in the deep water of the Baltic Proper. The coast guard observations support the observations and the conclusions drawn below.

During the end of 1978 a drastic change of the oxygen condi­

tions in the deep water of the Baltic Proper occurred. At the beginning of 1979 areas with low oxygen content (less than 2 ml/1) were found in the Bornholm Basin, east of Gotland and in the deeper parts of the northern Baltic Proper, but only in a very limited area between Gotland and Öland. Hydrogen

sulfide was found, in low concentrations, only in the Gotland Deep and the Norrköping Deep.

Smaller inflows of oxygen containing Kattegat water continued during the winter and spring. In June only a very limited area with oxygen concentrations less than 2 ml/1 was found north-east of Christiansö. In the other investigated parts

of the southern Baltic the bottom water contained 3 - k ml Og/l.

The bottom water in the northern Baltic Proper had changed only slightly since the winter. Some very small areas contai­

ning hydrogen sulfide were found in the Gotland Deep, the Fårö Deep and some few stations in the northern part.

2

During the summer and autumn the areas with low oxygen content increased and in the late autumn these areas had a much larger extension than during the spring. Hydrogen sulfide was now found over large areas in the Gotland Deep, the Fårö Deep, at many stations in the northern Baltic, over a rather large area west of Gotland and between Gotland and Öland. The con­

centrations of hydrogen sulfide had increased considerably.

In November the hydrogen sulfide layer in the Gotland Deep begun already at 150 m.

Sven G. Engström and Stig H. Fonselius National Board of Fisheries

Institute of Hydrographic Research Box 2566

S-403 17 Göteborg, Sweden

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