2009
The Nordic
countries in
figures
ANP 2009:748
ISBN 978-92-893-1917-1
ISSN 0908-4398
This booklet presents an interesting
selection of basic data on
socio-economic conditions and cultural
affairs in the entire Nordic region.
The figures are excerpts from the
Nordic Statistical Yearbook 2009.
Store Strandstræde 18
DK-1255 Copenhagen K
www.norden.org
The Nordic
countries in
figures 2009
Nordic countries in figures 2009
ANP 2009:748
ISBN 978-92-893-1917-1
ISSN 0908-4398
Nordic Council of Ministers
Cover design: Jette Koefoed, Nordic Council of Ministers
Print: Scanprint as
Copies: 3,000
Printed in Denmark
Main suppliers of data: The Nordic national statistical institutes
Eds: Ulla Agerskov and Leila L. Hjulgaard, Statistics Denmark.
Nordic Council of Ministers
The Nordic Council
Store Strandstræde 18
Store Strandstræde 18
DK-1255 Copenhagen K
DK-1255 Copenhagen K
Tel: +45 33 96 02 00
Tel: +45 33 96 04 00
Fax: +45 33 96 02 02
Fax: +45 33 11 18 70
www.norden.org
Nordic co-operation
Nordic co-operation is one of the world’s most extensive forms
of regional collaboration, involving Denmark, Finland, Iceland,
Norway, Sweden, and three autonomous areas: the Faroe
Islands, Greenland, and Åland. Nordic co-operation has firm
tradi tions in politics, the economy, and culture. It plays an
important role in European and international collaboration, and
aims at cre ating a strong Nordic community in a strong Europe.
Nordic co-op eration seeks to safeguard Nordic and regional
interests and prin ciples in the global community. Common
Nordic values help the region solidify its position as one of
the world’s most innovative and competitive.
Contents
The Nordic countries
4
Key figures
6
Environment and energy
8
Population
9
Science and technology
13
Quality of life
14
Education
17
Economic trends
18
Globalisation
20
Public finance and prices
23
Labour market
27
Throughout the book the following symbols and country codes are used:
Symbols
Country codes
Nil
-
Denmark: DK
Åland: AX
Less than half
0
Faroe Islands: FO
Iceland: IS
Not applicable
.
Greenland: GL
Norway: NO
Data not available
..
Finland: FI
Sweden: SE
The diagrams use the following colours to describe the different
countries:
Denmark:
Greenland:
Åland:
Norway:
4
The Nordic countries
4 lands l in of I I palicy)
Denmark
Faroe Is Area km2 43 561 Area km2 1 396 Population Status/Form 5 511 451 Constitution Population Status/Form o 48 778 Home rule – with the Kingdo of government a monarchy opulation f government m lation (Muni Denmark Head of state Capital area
Queen Margrethe I Head of state Capital area Queen Margrethe I p 683 397 popu 19 649 6 of government Kingdom of f government Republic
Head of state Queen Margrethe II Head of state
rja Halonen lation 15 105 lation 576 632 Greenland Finland Area km2 2 166 08 Area km2 338 424 Population Status/Form 56 194 Self government – within the Population Status/Form o 5 326 314 Denmark President Ta Capital area popu Capital area popu The Nordic countries
4 lands l in of I I palicy)
Denmark
Faroe Is Area km2 43 561 Area km2 1 396 Population Status/Form 5 511 451 Constitution Population Status/Form o 48 778 Home rule – with the Kingdo of government a monarchy opulation f government m lation (Muni Denmark Head of state Capital area
Queen Margrethe I Head of state Capital area
Queen Margrethe I
p 683 397 popu 19 649
6 of
government Kingdom of government f Republic
Head of state Queen Margrethe II Head of state
rja Halonen lation 15 105 lation 576 632 Greenland Finland Area km2 2 166 08 Area km2 338 424 Population Status/Form 56 194 Self government – within the Population Status/Form o 5 326 314 Denmark President Ta Capital area popu Capital area popu The Nordic countries
4 lands l in of I I palicy)
Denmark
Faroe Is Area km2 43 561 Area km2 1 396 Population Status/Form 5 511 451 Constitution Population Status/Form o 48 778 Home rule – with the Kingdo of government a monarchy opulation f government m lation (Muni Denmark Head of state Capital area
Queen Margrethe I Head of state Capital area Queen Margrethe I p 683 397 popu 19 649 6 of government Kingdom of f government Republic
Head of state Queen Margrethe II Head of state
rja Halonen lation 15 105 lation 576 632 Greenland Finland Area km2 2 166 08 Area km2 338 424 Population Status/Form 56 194 Self government – within the Population Status/Form o 5 326 314 Denmark President Ta Capital area popu Capital area popu The Nordic countries
4 lands l in of I I palicy)
Denmark
Faroe Is Area km2 43 561 Area km2 1 396 Population Status/Form 5 511 451 Constitution Population Status/Form o 48 778 Home rule – with the Kingdo of government a monarchy opulation f government m lation (Muni Denmark Head of state Capital area
Queen Margrethe I Head of state Capital area Queen Margrethe I p 683 397 popu 19 649 6 of government Kingdom of f government Republic
Head of state Queen Margrethe II Head of state
rja Halonen lation 15 105 lation 576 632 Greenland Finland Area km2 2 166 08 Area km2 338 424 Population Status/Form 56 194 Self government – within the Population Status/Form o 5 326 314 Denmark President Ta Capital area popu Capital area popu
The Nordic countries
5
The Nordic countries
5
Åland 103 300 Status/Form of e – within of Status/Form of resident onen sident Ólafur msson
apital area l area
Iceland Area km2 Population 1 552 27 456 Home rul Area km2 Population 319 368
government the Republic Finland
government Republic
Head of state P Tarja Hal
Head of state Pre Ragnar Grí C population 11 005 Capita population 119 547 Norway archy archy e d V e Gustaf Capital area population 575 475 Capital area population 810 120 Sweden Area km2 Population 323 782 4 799 252 Area km2 Population 450 295 9 256 347 Status/Form of government Head of stat Constitutional mon King Haral Status/Form of government Head of stat Constitutional mon King Carl XVI
The Nordic countries
5
Åland 103 300 Status/Form of e – within of Status/Form of resident onen sident Ólafur msson
apital area l area
Iceland Area km2 Population 1 552 27 456 Home rul Area km2 Population 319 368
government the Republic Finland
government Republic
Head of state P Tarja Hal
Head of state Pre Ragnar Grí C population 11 005 Capita population 119 547 Norway archy archy e d V e Gustaf Capital area population 575 475 Capital area population 810 120 Sweden Area km2 Population 323 782 4 799 252 Area km2 Population 450 295 9 256 347 Status/Form of government Head of stat Constitutional mon King Haral Status/Form of government Head of stat Constitutional mon King Carl XVI
The Nordic countries
5
Åland 103 300 Status/Form of e – within of Status/Form of resident onen sident Ólafur msson
apital area l area
Iceland Area km2 Population 1 552 27 456 Home rul Area km2 Population 319 368
government the Republic Finland
government Republic
Head of state P Tarja Hal
Head of state Pre Ragnar Grí C population 11 005 Capita population 119 547 Norway archy archy e d V e Gustaf Capital area population 575 475 Capital area population 810 120 Sweden Area km2 Population 323 782 4 799 252 Area km2 Population 450 295 9 256 347 Status/Form of government Head of stat Constitutional mon King Haral Status/Form of government Head of stat Constitutional mon King Carl XVI
The Nordic countries
5
Åland Iceland Area km2 1 552 Area km2 103 300 Population 27 456 Population 319 368 Status/Form of government
Home rule – within the Republic of Finland
Status/Form of
government Republic
Head of state President Tarja Halonen
Head of state President Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson Capital area population 11 005 Capital area population 119 547 Norway Sweden Area km2 323 782 Area km2 450 295 Population 4 799 252 Population 9 256 347 Status/Form of government Constitutional monarchy Status/Form of government Constitutional monarchy
Head of state King Harald V Head of state King Carl XVI Gustaf
Capital area
population 575 475
Capital area
population 810 120
6
Key figures
The Nordic countries in an international context – key figures
Nordic
countries Euro-area USA Japan
Land area, 1 000 sq km Total 3 428 2 650 9 629 378 Ice-free 1 577 2 616 9 160 375 Population Total, million 25 327 304 128 Inhabitants per sq. km 16 125 33 341 Fertility
Births per woman 1.9 1.5 2.1 1.3
% of population
0–14 years 17.6 15.5 20.3 13.5
+65 years 16.3 17.9 12.4 22.1
Life expectancy (years)
Men 78 77 76 79
Women 83 83 81 86
GDP
2007, billion euro 1 072 9 276 9 819 3 329
Per person 2008, euro (PPP) 33 269 27 200 38 700 27 800
General government, % of GDP Debt, ult. 2008 38.6 69.3 70.5 196.3 Surplus, 2008 6.0 -1.9 -6.1 -5.6 Tax burden 46.8 39.9 28.0 27.9 Labour force
Labour force participation, %
Men 81.7 80.1 80.8 93.6
Women 76.7 64.8 70.4 66.9
Unemployment 2008, % 4.9 7.5 5.8 4.0
The Nordic countries: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Faroe Islands, Greenland and Åland. Euro-area: The 16 European countries that have adopted the euro as currency.
7
Key figures
7
Area (ice-free)
25% 27% 0% 3% 6% 0% 1 9% 20% Denmark 3% Faroe Islands 0% Greenland 25% Finland 20% Åland 0% Iceland 6% Norway 19% Sweden 27%Population
22% 0% 0% 37% 1 % 0% 21 % 1 9% Denmark 22% Faroe Islands 0% Greenland 0% Finland 21% Åland 0% Iceland 1% Norway 19% Sweden 37%Gross national income
24% 0% 0% 24% 33% 1 8% 1 %0% Denmark 24% Faroe Islands 0% Greenland 0% Finland 18% Åland 0% Iceland 1% Norway 24% Sweden 33%Key figures
7
Area (ice-free)
25% 27% 0% 3% 6% 0% 1 9% 20% Denmark 3% Faroe Islands 0% Greenland 25% Finland 20% Åland 0% Iceland 6% Norway 19% Sweden 27%Population
22% 0% 0% 37% 1 % 0% 21 % 1 9% Denmark 22% Faroe Islands 0% Greenland 0% Finland 21% Åland 0% Iceland 1% Norway 19% Sweden 37%Gross national income
24% 0% 0% 24% 33% 1 8% 1 %0% Denmark 24% Faroe Islands 0% Greenland 0% Finland 18% Åland 0% Iceland 1% Norway 24% Sweden 33%Key figures
7
Area (ice-free)
25% 27% 0% 3% 6% 0% 1 9% 20% Denmark 3% Faroe Islands 0% Greenland 25% Finland 20% Åland 0% Iceland 6% Norway 19% Sweden 27%Population
22% 0% 0% 37% 1 % 0% 21 % 1 9% Denmark 22% Faroe Islands 0% Greenland 0% Finland 21% Åland 0% Iceland 1% Norway 19% Sweden 37%Gross national income
24% 0% 0% 24% 33% 1 8% 1 %0% Denmark 24% Faroe Islands 0% Greenland 0% Finland 18% Åland 0% Iceland 1% Norway 24% Sweden 33%Key figures
8
Environment and energy
8 Land use. 2008 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 DK FO GL FI AX IS NO SE
Arable land and garden Meadows and pastures
Forests Other land area
Lakes Icecap
Per cent of total
Indigenous energy production. 2007
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 DK FI IS NO SE EU-15
Renewable Gas Nuclear energy Coal Oil
Per cent of total
Environment and energy
9
Population
9
. 1 January 2009
Nordic population
Total Men Women
The Nordic countries, total 25 317 704 12 559 683 12 758 021 Denmark 5 511 451 2 732 020 2 779 431 Faroe Islands 48 778 25 370 23 408 Greenland 56 194 29 809 26 385 Finland 5 326 314 2 611 653 2 714 661 Åland 27 456 13 641 13 815 Iceland 319 368 162 068 157 300 Norway 4 799 252 2 395 053 2 404 199 Sweden 9 256 347 4 603 710 4 652 637
Finland includes Åland.
Latest population projections
95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 Index 2005=100 DK SE GL AX IS NO FI 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Population
9
. 1 January 2009
Nordic population
Total Men Women
The Nordic countries, total 25 317 704 12 559 683 12 758 021 Denmark 5 511 451 2 732 020 2 779 431 Faroe Islands 48 778 25 370 23 408 Greenland 56 194 29 809 26 385 Finland 5 326 314 2 611 653 2 714 661 Åland 27 456 13 641 13 815 Iceland 319 368 162 068 157 300 Norway 4 799 252 2 395 053 2 404 199 Sweden 9 256 347 4 603 710 4 652 637
Finland includes Åland.
Latest population projections
95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 Index 2005=100 DK SE GL AX IS NO FI 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Population
10
Population
10
Total fertility rate
1.6 1.8 FI 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2. 1.4 8 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 DK FO SE Number of children per wom
GL IS
NO an
AX
ectancy for a newborn baby, years
Life exp
DK FO GL FI AX IS NO SE Men 1990 72.0 72.3 60.7 70.9 74.7 75.0 73.4 74.8 1995 72.6 73.5 62.3 72.8 75.1 76.5 74.8 76.2 2000 74.3 75.1 62.8 74.1 78.5 77.6 76.0 77.4 2005 75.6 76.9 65.5 75.5 77.6 79.2 77.7 78.4 2007 76.0 76.5 66.3 75.8 .. 79.4 78.2 78.9 2008 76.3 76.8 .. 76.3 .. 79.6 78.3 79.1 Women 1990 77.7 79.4 68.4 78.9 82.8 80.1 79.8 80.4 1995 77.8 80.5 68.3 80.2 81.1 80.6 80.8 81.5 2000 79.0 81.4 68.0 81.0 81.5 81.4 81.4 82.0 2005 80.2 81.4 70.9 82.3 83.6 83.1 82.5 82.8 2007 80.5 82.0 71.3 82.9 .. 82.9 82.7 83.0 2008 80.7 82.3 .. 83.0 .. 83.0 83.0 83.2Population
11
Population
11
Asylum requests
Denmark Finland Iceland Norway Sweden Total
1990 5 292 .. 4 .. 29 420 .. 1995 5 104 .. 4 1 460 9 047 .. 2000 10 347 3 170 25 10 843 16 303 40 688 2005 1 283 3 574 87 5 402 17 530 27 876 2006 922 2 324 39 5 320 24 322 32 927 2007 1 029 1 505 42 6 528 36 207 45 311 2008 951 4 035 73 14 431 24 353 43 843
Asylum requests by citizenship. 2008
Denmark Finland Iceland Norway Sweden Total
otal 951 4 035 73 14 431 24 353 43 843 T EEA 7 13 - 22 36 78 Bulgaria - 82 - 2 12 96 3 14 37 Russia 122 209 3 1 078 933 2 345 Belarus - 13 36 4 - 10 1 18 60 89 14 - 8 2 uro 25 79 2 4 3 a, to - 2 a 2 3 5 frica 17 60 2 8 6 istan 5 2 1 2 4 13 6 0 1 96 144 3 720 799 1 762 ia 13 34 4 5 6 a - -wn a ss - 94 1 5 2 Romania 2 18 -4 68 1 46 Ukraine Turkey 65 252 23 5424 559 415 Other E pe 65 Americ tal 17 13 4 273 327 Somali 1 1 181 1 293 361 838 Other A 92 304 3 3 92 908 Afghan 131 254 1 363 784 537 Iraq 195 55 3 7 83 0 674 Iran s Other A 163 114 1 0 60 190 Oceani - .. - - Unkno nd statele 42 53 0 07 542
EEA: Europea om . 27 me ers E n
Icelan Econ ic Area Consists of the ein. mb of the uropea Union, Norway, nd and Liechtenst
Population
11
Asylum requests
Denmark Finland Iceland Norway Sweden Total
1990 5 292 .. 4 .. 29 420 .. 1995 5 104 .. 4 1 460 9 047 .. 2000 10 347 3 170 25 10 843 16 303 40 688 2005 1 283 3 574 87 5 402 17 530 27 876 2006 922 2 324 39 5 320 24 322 32 927 2007 1 029 1 505 42 6 528 36 207 45 311 2008 951 4 035 73 14 431 24 353 43 843
Asylum requests by citizenship. 2008
Denmark Finland Iceland Norway Sweden Total
otal 951 4 035 73 14 431 24 353 43 843 T EEA 7 13 - 22 36 78 Bulgaria - 82 - 2 12 96 3 14 37 Russia 122 209 3 1 078 933 2 345 Belarus - 13 36 4 - 10 1 18 60 89 14 - 8 2 uro 25 79 2 4 3 a, to - 2 a 2 3 5 frica 17 60 2 8 6 istan 5 2 1 2 4 13 6 0 1 96 144 3 720 799 1 762 ia 13 34 4 5 6 a - -wn a ss - 94 1 5 2 Romania 2 18 -4 68 1 46 Ukraine Turkey 65 252 23 5424 559 415 Other E pe 65 Americ tal 17 13 4 273 327 Somali 1 1 181 1 293 361 838 Other A 92 304 3 3 92 908 Afghan 131 254 1 363 784 537 Iraq 195 55 3 7 83 0 674 Iran s Other A 163 114 1 0 60 190 Oceani - .. - - Unkno nd statele 42 53 0 07 542
EEA: Europea om . 27 me ers E n
Icelan Econ ic Area Consists of the ein. mb of the uropea Union, Norway, nd and Liechtenst
12
Population
12
Candidates elected to national parliaments, latest election
0 20 40 60 80 100 DK FO GL FI AX IS NO SE Men Women Percentage of elected
Candidates elected to European parliaments
0 20 40 60 80 100 DK FI SE DK FI SE DK FI SE Men Women 1999 2004 2009 Percentage of elected
Population
13
Science and technology
13
R&D expenditure by performing sector. 2008
0 20 40 60 80 100 DK FI IS NO SE
Business and enterprise sector Government sector Per cent of R&D expenditure
Higher education sector Private non-profit sector
d Sweden: 2007 data. Iceland: 2005 data
Internet use. 2003 and 2008
Denmark, Norway anDenmark Finland Iceland Norway Sweden
Per cent of 16–74 year old population In the last 3 months
2003 71 66 81 75 77
2008 81 79 90 85 80
Once a week
2003 64 58 75 66 69
2008 80 78 88 86 83
Science and technology
13
R&D expenditure by performing sector. 2008
0 20 40 60 80 100 DK FI IS NO SE
Business and enterprise sector Government sector Per cent of R&D expenditure
Higher education sector Private non-profit sector
d Sweden: 2007 data. Iceland: 2005 data
Internet use. 2003 and 2008
Denmark, Norway anDenmark Finland Iceland Norway Sweden
Per cent of 16–74 year old population In the last 3 months
2003 71 66 81 75 77
2008 81 79 90 85 80
Once a week
2003 64 58 75 66 69
2008 80 78 88 86 83
14
Quality of life
14 Children in day-care (by age). 2008
Denmark Finland Iceland Norway Sweden
Total number of children in the age group
Total 318 476 177 954 19 368 261 424 454 124 0 years 10 926 734 303 2 713 8 1 years 57 214 18 671 2 981 39 134 53 317 2 years 61 160 31 058 4 043 50 342 98 939 3 years 63 348 39 903 4 153 55 093 99 163 4 years 63 273 43 160 4 044 57 068 101 889 5 years 62 555 44 428 3 844 57 074 100 808
Per cent of children in the age group
Total 81.5 50.8 72.6 73.8 71.8 0 years 16.8 1.2 7.2 4.5 0.0 1 years 88.1 31.6 66.6 65.8 48.9 2 years 93.6 52.2 92.5 83.6 91.3 3 years 96.9 68.4 95.3 93.6 94.8 4 years 96.2 73.8 95.5 96.4 97.4 5 years 97.1 77.3 93.5 96.8 97.9
Children in fully or partly publicly funded day care. Iceland: 2007 data
Maternity day benefits. 2008
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 DK FI IS NO SE Men Women Percentage Quality of life 14 Children in day-care (by age). 2008
Denmark Finland Iceland Norway Sweden
Total number of children in the age group
Total 318 476 177 954 19 368 261 424 454 124 0 years 10 926 734 303 2 713 8 1 years 57 214 18 671 2 981 39 134 53 317 2 years 61 160 31 058 4 043 50 342 98 939 3 years 63 348 39 903 4 153 55 093 99 163 4 years 63 273 43 160 4 044 57 068 101 889 5 years 62 555 44 428 3 844 57 074 100 808
Per cent of children in the age group
Total 81.5 50.8 72.6 73.8 71.8 0 years 16.8 1.2 7.2 4.5 0.0 1 years 88.1 31.6 66.6 65.8 48.9 2 years 93.6 52.2 92.5 83.6 91.3 3 years 96.9 68.4 95.3 93.6 94.8 4 years 96.2 73.8 95.5 96.4 97.4 5 years 97.1 77.3 93.5 96.8 97.9
Children in fully or partly publicly funded day care. Iceland: 2007 data
Maternity day benefits. 2008
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 DK FI IS NO SE Men Women Percentage
Quality of life
15
Quality of life
15
Non daily smokers
DK FO NO FI IS SE Per cent Men 56 .. 67 1995 71 68 78 2000 69 .. 69 2 73 9 78 .. 68 73 77 83 2005 72 7 74 80 86 2007 .. 7 74 80 87 Women 1995 61 81 67 76 2000 74 .. 7 73 80 878 6876 79 .. 3 82 78 2005 7 82 0 82 2007 7 83 85
Denmark: 2000 refers to 2001 data and 2005 refers to 2004 data.
ale of alcoholic beverages
S
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 rson DK FO GL AX IS NO SE FI Litres of pure alcohol per peQuality of life
15
Non daily smokers
DK FO NO FI IS SE Per cent Men 56 .. 67 1995 71 68 78 2000 69 .. 69 2 73 9 78 .. 68 73 77 83 2005 72 7 74 80 86 2007 .. 7 74 80 87 Women 1995 61 81 67 76 2000 74 .. 7 73 80 788 6876 79 .. 3 82 78 2005 7 82 0 82 2007 7 83 85
Denmark: 2000 refers to 2001 data and 2005 refers to 2004 data.
ale of alcoholic beverages
S
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 rson DK FO GL AX IS NO SE FI Litres of pure alcohol per pe16
Quality of life 16 ncer. Per 100 000. 2007 Deaths caused by ca DK FO GL FI AX IS NO SE Men 0–14 years 1 7 14 3 - 6 2 4 15–34 years 8 12 6 - 6 4 years 28 50 19 9 4 years 129 26 82 9 4 years 432 367 61 303 06 4 ears 1 092 866 1 715 752 1 055 780 870 81 s 2 483 1 89 6 627 821 62 0 2 1 n years 2 7 1 3 9 3 - 5 5 35–4 22 21 17 20 45–5 93 7 42 8 88 77 55–6 7 4 23 317 281 65–74 y ar 1 75+ ye 4 1 2 2 2 12 115 973 Wome 0–14 4 1 2 15–34 years 7 11 1 6 7 9 28 33 30 54 years 137 75 177 88 79 118 114 105 64 years 372 333 710 225 292 300 287 291 74 years 809 762 1 695 444 424 677 545 586 5+ years 1 530 1 167 2 863 1 009 1 112 1 348 1 244 1 296 4 6 5 35–44 years 42 37 77 29 45– 55– 65– 7Denmark, Faroe Islands, Greenland, Norway and Sweden: 2006 data.
Film premiéres. 2008 DK FO GL FI IS NO SE Total 213 77 109 169 177 237 250 National 35 0 .. 19 5 22 36 Foreign 178 77 .. 150 172 215 214 Per cent National share 16 0 .. 11 3 9 14
Iceland and Norway: 2007 data
Quality of life 16 ncer. Per 100 000. 2007 Deaths caused by ca DK FO GL FI AX IS NO SE Men 0–14 years 1 7 14 3 - 6 2 4 15–34 years 8 12 6 - 6 4 years 28 50 19 9 4 years 129 26 82 9 4 years 432 367 61 303 06 4 ears 1 092 866 1 715 752 1 055 780 870 81 s 2 483 1 89 6 627 821 62 0 2 1 n years 2 7 1 3 9 3 - 5 5 35–4 22 21 17 20 45–5 93 7 42 8 88 77 55–6 7 4 23 317 281 65–74 y ar 1 75+ ye 4 1 2 2 2 12 115 973 Wome 0–14 4 1 2 15–34 years 7 11 1 6 7 9 28 33 30 54 years 137 75 177 88 79 118 114 105 64 years 372 333 710 225 292 300 287 291 74 years 809 762 1 695 444 424 677 545 586 5+ years 1 530 1 167 2 863 1 009 1 112 1 348 1 244 1 296 4 6 5 35–44 years 42 37 77 29 45– 55– 65– 7
Denmark, Faroe Islands, Greenland, Norway and Sweden: 2006 data.
Film premiéres. 2008 DK FO GL FI IS NO SE Total 213 77 109 169 177 237 250 National 35 0 .. 19 5 22 36 Foreign 178 77 .. 150 172 215 214 Per cent National share 16 0 .. 11 3 9 14
Iceland and Norway: 2007 data
17
Quality of life/Education
17 Number of visits to museums. 2008
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 DK FO GL FI AX IS NO SE
Visits per person
Finland, Norway and Iceland: Museums 2007 data. Greenland and Iceland: 2006 data.
Students aged 20–39 at tertiary education (% of population 20–39)
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Per cent SE NO DK IS FI Quality of life/Education 17 Number of visits to museums. 2008
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 DK FO GL FI AX IS NO SE
Visits per person
Finland, Norway and Iceland: Museums 2007-data. Greenland and Iceland: 2006 data.
Students aged 20–39 at tertiary education, per cent of population 20–39. 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Per cent SE NO DK IS FI
Quality of life/Education
18
Economic trends
18 Economic key figures. 2008
DK FI IS NO SE Euro-area
Per cent of GDP
Balance of payments 2.0 2.0 -37.6 19.5 8.3 -1.1 Foreign asssets, net,
31 Dec. 2008 -8.8 -4.3 -263.8 63.6 2.5 .. Public sector surplus 3.6 4.2 -14.3 18.8 2.5 -1.9 Public debt, 31 Dec. 2008 33.3 33.4 63.9 50.0 38.0 69.3 Per cent Unemployment 3.3 6.4 3.0 2.5 6.2 7.5 Interest rate 4.3 4.3 11.1 4.5 3.9 4.4 Percentage change 2007–2008 Inflation 3.5 4.0 12.5 3.9 3.5 3.3 Economic growth -1.1 0.9 0.3 2.0 -0.2 0.7 Share price index -22.7 -24.0 -51.7 -19.3 -29.6 -24.7 Effective nominal
Exchange rate index 1.6 1.8 .. 1.8 1.9 6.2
Note: Harmonized unemployment figures.
19
Economic trends
19
Gross domestic product per person in euro (PPP)
90 100 110 120 DK 130 140 150 160 170 180 1998 20 4 20 FI AX -15 Index EU-15=100 IS NO SE 1996 00 2002 200 2006 08 EU
Gross domestic product
, real nual owth. 008
an
gr
2
-1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.5 Per cent 2.0 DK FI IS NO SE EU-15
Economic trends
20
Globalisation
20
The Nordic countries’ exports to other Nordic countries
8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 DK FI IS NO SE Per cent of total exports
The Nordic countries’ imports from other Nordic countries
18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 DK FI IS NO SE Per cent of total imports
21
Globalisation
21
Nordic exports in percent of total export. 2008
Per cent DK FI IS NO SE
Exports to:
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Nordic countries 24.1 15.2 9.4 11.8 23.8 EU-15 (excl. DK, FI, SE) 46.4 34.9 69.5 69.2 40.2 12 new EU countries 6.6 8.8 2.5 2.9 5.9
Russia 1.8 11.6 1.3 0.7 2.4
Other Europe 1.9 3.2 1.8 1.1 2.7
USA and Canada 6.3 7.0 6.1 6.8 7.5
Other America 1.5 2.4 0.6 1.1 2.4
Japan 1.9 1.8 4.4 0.9 1.1
DAEs 2.5 2.4 0.5 2.3 2.3
China 1.9 3.1 2.2 1.1 2.2
India 0.5 0.8 0.0 0.3 1.1
Rest of the world 4.6 8.6 1.7 2.0 8.5
Imports from:
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Nordic countries 23.5 19.1 29.1 25.1 23.7 EU-15 (excl. DK, FI, SE) 48.6 38.6 30.4 37.0 46.1 12 new EU countries 7.0 6.7 5.8 6.6 7.7
Russia 1.5 16.3 0.6 2.2 4.4
Other Europe 2.2 1.4 3.8 2.2 1.8
USA and Canada 3.5 3.0 9.1 8.3 3.5
Other America 1.7 1.9 2.8 2.6 1.6
Japan 0.6 1.1 3.7 2.2 1.8
DAEs 2.3 3.4 1.3 3.4 2.5
China 5.7 5.1 6.6 6.4 4.2
India 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.5
Rest of the world 2.7 3.1 6.3 3.6 2.3
Note: DAE-countries (Dynamic Asian Economies): Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan and Thailand.
22
Globalisation
22 Trade balance of goods
-20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 Export su 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 200 20 I IS NO rplus as per cent of G
6 08 DK F SE DP
Foreign direct investment – inwards
0 10 20 30 EU-15 FI 40 50 60 70 Per cent o 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 DP D IS NO f G K SE
Globalisation
23
Globalisation/Public finance and prices
23 Nordic students abroad. 2007/08
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 DK FI AX IS NO SE
Nordic Great Britain
France, Italy and Spain USA and Canada Australia and New Zealand Other Per cent of all students abroad
Consumer price index. 2008
100 105 110 115 120 125 130 DK FO GL FI AX IS NO SE Index 2005=100
Faroe Islands and Åland; 2007 data
Globalisation/Public finance and prices
23
Nordic students abroad. 2007/08
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 DK FI AX IS NO SE
Per cent of all students abroad
Nordic Great Britain France, Italy and Spain
USA and Canada Australia and NZ Other
Consumer price index. 2008
105 110 115 120 125 130 Index 2005=100 100 DK FO GL FI AX IS NO SE
Faroe Islands and Åland; 2007 data
24
Public finance and prices
24 Price levels. 2008 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 DK FI IS NO SE EU-15 Index EU-15=100 GDP Food
House price index
90 110 130 150 170 190 210 230 250 270 Index 2000 = 100 DK FO FI IS NO SE 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Public finance and prices
25
Labour market
25
General government expenditure by purpose. 2007
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 DK FI IS NO SE
Social protection Health
Public order, safety and defence Expenditure for other purposes Education, recreation, culture and religion
Per cent of GDP
General government gross debt
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 DK FI IS NO SE Per cent of GDP Euro-area
Public finance and prices
25
General government expenditure by purpose. 2007
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 DK FI IS NO SE
Social protection Health
Public order, safety and defence Expenditure for other purposes
Per cent of GDP
Education,recreation,culture and religion
General government gross debt
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 DK FI IS NO SE Per cent of GDP Euro-area 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Public finance and prices
26
Labour market 26 Share prices - 100 100 300 500 700 900 1 100 1 300 1 500 1 700 1 900 2 100 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 Index 1st quarter 1993=100 FI IS NO SE DKGovernment aid to developing countries
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Per cent of gross national income
DK NO
FI SE
IS Public finance and prices
26 Share prices - 100 100 300 500 700 900 1 100 1 300 1 500 1 700 1 900 2 100 Index 1st quater 1993=100 FI IS NO SE DK 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008
Government aid to developing countries
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
1.2 Per cent of gross national income
DK NO FI SE IS 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Public finance and prices
27
Labour market
27
Activity rates by sex. 2008
0 20 40 60 80 100 DK FO FI AX IS NO SE EU-15
Activity rates, men Activity rates, women Per cent of all 16–64-year-olds
Åland: 2007 data.
Unemployment
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 DK FO FI AX IS NO SE EU-15 Per centEU-harmonised unemployment figures except Faroe Islands and Åland.
Labour market
27
Activity rates by sex. 2008
0 20 40 60 80 100 DK FO FI AX IS NO SE EU-15
Activity rates, men Activity rates, women Per cent of all 16–64-year-olds
Åland: 2007 data.
Unemployment
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 DK FO FI AX IS NO SE EU-15 Per centEU-harmonised unemployment figures except Faroe Islands and Åland.
28
Labour market 28 Unemployment by age. 2008 DK FO FI AX IS NO SE 1 000 persons Total 94.4 0.1 172.0 0.3 5.4 67 293.7 16–19 15.9 0.0 29.0 0.0 1.6 19 60.9 20–24 15.7 0.0 27.0 0.0 1.0 10 58.4 25–34 20.3 0.1 33.0 0.1 1.1 16 57.3 35–44 17.4 0.0 28.0 0.1 0.5 11 45.1 45–54 13.5 0.0 30.0 0.1 0.8 8 38.6 55–64 11.7 0.0 25.0 0.1 0.4 4 33.5 Åland: 2007 data.Commuters working after commuting direction. 2006
0 4 000 8 000 12 000 16 000 20 000 Norway to Finland Norway to Denmark Finland to Norway Denmark to Sweden Norway to Sweden Denmark to Norway Sweden to Finland Finland to Sweden Sweden to Norway Sweden to Denmark Labour market 28 Unemployment by age. 2008 DK FO FI AX IS NO SE 1 000 persons Total 94.4 0.1 172.0 0.3 5.4 67 293.7 16–19 15.9 0.0 29.0 0.0 1.6 19 60.9 20–24 15.7 0.0 27.0 0.0 1.0 10 58.4 25–34 20.3 0.1 33.0 0.1 1.1 16 57.3 35–44 17.4 0.0 28.0 0.1 0.5 11 45.1 45–54 13.5 0.0 30.0 0.1 0.8 8 38.6 55–64 11.7 0.0 25.0 0.1 0.4 4 33.5 Åland: 2007 data.
Commuters working after commuting direction. 2006
0 4 000 8 000 12 000 16 000 20 000 Norway to Finland Norway to Denmark Finland to Norway Denmark to Sweden Norway to Sweden Denmark to Norway Sweden to Finland Finland to Sweden Sweden to Norway Sweden to Denmark
