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A B C
Figure 1. Diuron degradaAon (A), DCPMU generaAon (B), and dichloroaniline generaAon (C) over the course of the experiment. The parent compound concentraAon (A) is
expressed as the raAo of the concentraAon in the bioAc microcosms to the
concentraAon in the inacAvated microcosms to observes effects due to biodegradaAon only. This raAo was normalized, such that a raAo below 1 indicates biodegradaAon.
ObservaAons:
• More degradaAon with microcosms with added DOC
• Higher transformaAon product concentraAons were observed in the
microcosms using compost as a DOC source
• Dichloroaniline is generated, which is more toxic and mobile than DCPMU
BiodegradaCon of Trace Organic Contaminants in Stormwater InfiltraCon Systems
Katelynn J. Edgehouse1-‐3; Bridget A. Ulrich2,3; Christopher P. Higgins, PhD2
1Cleveland State University, 2Colorado School of Mines, 3 Re-‐InvenAng the NaAon’s Urban Water Infrastructure
UrbanizaAon has degraded water resources, in part due to poor management of stormwater runoff. Stormwater runoff takes up trace organic contaminants (TOrCs) from urban surfaces, which contaminate urban receiving waters. With water quality and quanAty becoming increasingly pressing, it is important that the water resources currently available are relaAvely free of contaminants.
There are some methods currently in place to try to miAgate the affects of stormwater runoff entering urban receiving waters, but these pracAces are not always effecAve. For example, most rain gardens have sand as their base, and polar TOrCs filter through the sand instead of being sorbed and
potenAally degraded.
Diuron DegradaCon and TransformaCon Product GeneraCon
Hypothesis: The type of carbon source added to a stormwater infiltraAon basin will have an effect on TOrC biodegradaAon rates and transformaAon products
Tasks:
• Asses degradaAon rates of parent TOrCs in microcosms represenAng
stormwater infilitraAon systems
• IdenAfy transformaAon products of the parent TOrCs
Goals
• 30 microcosms were created to simulate different stormwater infiltraAon
systems
• Samples were taken from the microcosms weekly, and then targeted analysis of
the parent TOrCs was done via liquid chromatography tandem mass
spectrometry (LC-‐MS/MS( to monitor degradaAon and some transformaAon product appearance.
• Once significant degradaAon had occurred, non-‐targeted analysis for
transformaAon products was done using LC-‐QTOF-‐MS.
Approach A B C
Figure 2. Atrazine degradaAon (A), atrazine desisopropyl generaAon (B), and atrazine desethyl (C) over the course of the experiment.
ObservaAons:
• Unlike diuron, less difference in removal for added DOC relaAve to runoff
(no added DOC).
• Like diuron, more transformaAon products generated in the compost
microcosms.
Atrazine DegradaCon and TransformaCon Product GeneraCon
Kate Edgehouse
Cleveland State University
Email: k.j.edgehouse@vikes.csuohio.edu Phone: (440) 840-‐5280 Contact
• InacAvated microcosms contained sodium azide to prevent biodegradaAon
• Runoff only microcosms had no added source of dissolved organic carbon
(DOC).
• TOrCs were spiked into microcosms at a level of 50 ppb.
• TOrC concentraAons were monitored by LC-‐MS/MS
Microcosm Set -‐ Up
InacAvated InacAvated InacAvated
BioAc BioAc BioAc x5 x5 x5 x5 x5 x5 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 [BioC c]/[Inac Cvate d] Time (Days) Compost Straw
No Added DOC
-‐0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Co ncen tra Co n ( μg/ L ) Time (Days) Compost Straw
No Added DOC
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Co ncen tra Co n ( μg/ L ) Time (Days) Compost Straw
No Added DOC
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 [BioC c]/[Inac Cvate d] Time (Days) Compost Straw
No Added DOC
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Co ncen tra Co n ( μg/ L ) Time (Days) Compost Straw
No Added DOC
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Co ncen tra Co n ( μg/ L ) Time (Days) Compost Straw
No Added DOC
• Carbon source does affect TOrC biodegradaAon
• More transformaAon products appeared to be generated in the
microcosms with compost as a DOC source
• Knowing which transformaAon products the TOrCs are generated is
important because someAmes the transformaAon product is more toxic than its parent TOrC.
