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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE BUREAU OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Division of Irrigation

222 POST OFFICE BUILDINQ

BERKELEY, CALIF.

MAIL ADDRESS: P. 0. BOX 180

February 9, 1935

N~. Carl Rohwer,

Colorado Agricultural College, Fort Collins, Colorado.

Dear Mr. Rohwer:

With reference to your letter of February 6 enclosing copy of a proposed radio broadcast article over KOA on February 19.

I presume you have received a copy of the memorandum sent out by the Washington office pertaining

to release of manuscripts. We have accordingly had Mr. Ewing edit the article submitted by you,and we are

forwarding a copy to ashlngton by ~ir mail with the request that they advise Berkeley if no additional corrections are made.

As soon as we hear fran ashington, we will, of course, relay the info~ation to you.

Very truly yours,

Division of Irrigation,

ByC:2/~

A. T. Mitchelson,

How to Get the :Most out of a Limited Supply of Irrigation Water.

ny

CarJ Rohwer

Practically no rain or snow has fallen on the principal

irrigated areas in Colorado since the niddle

or

last

Septer ber, anC even though no1 maJ :prec ipi ta tion should

occnr durj.ng the remainder of the crop year, the extremely

dry condition of the soil/ "':' o _-

.,1:;;;

ghortagc of water

last ea~, vrill make it necessar} to irrigate more liberally

than usual in orcer to produce satisfactory yielos. If the

rainfall is egAin short this year, farmers ·v;ill have to take

special precautions to get the ereatest benefit from the

,4-A . _,.

wa t;er they receive . ~, unfortunately, man has no control

..;.-over the precipitation, which is the ultimat. source o~ all

water for trriga·tion, the farmer must seek elsewhere tc find

methods of' making his sup];.'lY of \Jater go farther.

~

In some sections of Colorado G.n amplj supply of water

exists in the subsoil at a reasonable c~epth beneath the

surface. ~,~here this condition exists it is possible to

develop a supplemental supply a: o. :t;sona.l:Je cost by

pumping, and in many cases thisl\m " mean the ifference betwe.en a profitable cro1) and a :tmlure. Farmers interested

in pwnping from wells can get Dulletins on this su ject

by writing to the Experiment Station at Fort .Collins. A

new bulletin entitled/ "Construction of Irrigation Jells

in Coloradan , by a~ . ~. Code"" v:ill soon be published. It

is hoped that this report tlill be available in time to

- 2-of the irrigation season.

·lhe e conditions are not favorable for getting additional

water from wells, the farmer's only recourse is to make the . best use o_ the ater he has. One way to do this is to

eliminate all u:anecessar.,r losses. rrhis may be accomplish.ed

by cleaning ditches and repairins headgates and other structures before the water is turned in.because leaky structures t,u.ste water and poorly maintained d.ttches "'Q..Q:ase

1:)

e

~K, ~ and~_z.Ae-:

.

-.ce.--=:

... 1· ve

~"':epage

• . iGCSQU OR ae(HtUli-t of ·~~-~~~ c:!. ::; fl..{,;;-. ~... ~~..:; ..

It is imp~rative t .at 1'eeds an grasses be l-ce1Jt ouv of dit·ches

during tie swruner) as they not only obstruct the flow· of the water, thereby causing excessive seepage, but also use

tremendous quantities of water themselves uhich oan ill be

spared. Observations ta_en at the Experiment Station show

that a single o} uster of swoet clover, if. gro\~Jing where i t

can got all the wati:3l" it wants, will use as much as 50 :pounds

per day. Row much is lost in a whole sec.son by a ditch completely

overgrown ·ui t;h sweet clover may easily be coh,jectured.

ur

.

R. L. Parsh""ll has , in the past, called your attention to the n,cessit.t of measuring irrigation water accurately. This is all tne more necessary in times of drouth. Many

farmers last year. availed themselves of the assj_stance of the

t.

A college in helping them solve their water measuring ~roblem~

but much stilJ remains to be done. :roo many canals are still

distributing their water without the e: id of any ro..;.asuring

devices at all. Under these conditions some users VJilJ. get

more than thei.r shar~ ant~ others less. l'he farmers at the

-

3-devices in use on those cr·nals w ere an attempt is ·1 de to

distribute uhe w( ter accuratel~, are seriously in error.

This is partlcularl~ true o· tb ~ so called divisors whic

are used on many laterals and so e canals. rearly all

div.sors ar~ jnaccurate a _d usually favor th . Jarge users.

~~uch better :--es 1lts wo~11 ~ be obtainea. t f e!'Jc\1 farmer tr,king

;_

water out of a lateral ffl an accurate measuring

device at tht;; head of his farm .... itch, ... hen al 11sers would

share equalJ~-r in proportion t o t oj-:: ri~hts.. Co· ... e e

information on hov: to easure

E1

armers' BulJetin No. 1683 of the

~Moo""'"""'"''"'"

1;o,o,~--

...

~·.,.~ entitled/ 11_{1'1easuring ·.rater ln lrr ·.ga tion}

Channels". Gopio~ ·, ay be obtt:..ined from the ·X.P erime :t dtation at Fort ·Collins or from th~ Bur.e(.. u o·" Agric't ltuTal

Farmers in the irri ·ated sections of Colorado l av. long

r0cognizea t e sn ing in water resu ting from :aving th,jr

lands in ·proper shape for a· Jplyirl. · water. Ho\·ever, there

ts sttll roorn for im roveme11t , nd a ~pecial effort Should

be made to le ve 1 .., i L 1 d s so th · t they . j 11 get s uf f i c i en t

v1ater without some parts gettinG too i ttle ~.tnd other uarts

·\

too much • A fact/ wh icb. should be kep , in mind when

~ ' 1...

jrris~+i~ro crops, is t:hat lonr; fu.rro\ .s do not distribute

water ei tb.er uniformly or econoro.icall • ·n hen lons furrov.s are used , by the time t_e louer e~d .as Sllff~cient water,

too much ha.s eer applied to Lhe upper end. 'l'his csuses a needless loss. toui 500 feet is a satisfactory length in

-4

-soils. .hi~ ~thad has t e added a vant ge th t the 1 ste

ter colloctin at the lower endc o t ·,e ··ur ows may be

ca1 ht in a c~oso di chin tle i~l ·

anu

rodistri uted in the

nex set o ~urro s. _y ~ i an a c nsi· rable sav g of

ater io made.

otation a~ bter on a ti~3 basis is gener lly p ·· ctiued

in Color .do. It i a valu .ble , · d in conservin · a tier · n

time of drou~~ and s o ld be ado~ ted W1 enever the cuantlty

avai able i· not u~fici~nt to prov· e ti ... ,facto ,.

i. _ iga-'~ ·on 1 ~·'d. hen t e head of a·cr ids 11, i t t . es

Jon •'1"' time; tv eove:r a .given area, and all tht:, t i e the

ter i , ~ nr .. n~ in th .~ ditch supp ying the « rea, ·ome o it

iG be·n loot by see a c . vy rotc...ting it a nei, b' · +,e

head

:u

increasod/ a d the time ecessar to i r~ at a ield

re "uced , here~ y C!hortening th, time durtng \1hich the see~ a e

laos is occ rri an ·,;o co 1rse..> t 1e - 01 r J o the 1os

_ nother ad"( . ..., of this db, pined ou • ~

'

'bOiEe-"u ; .:!:"1 . .,. ! s TlC~ .<1'~0rt\ tc o, . ~~·· '~, · i· • 1 r . · 1in

Obrie;cJ-5/Lf. -Th e n /he qoan-1-/1-'!: of'l<Yctfer/.oor_b'l vue-rl/1?9 ~ht?-cf~h w:r/ be.

Pr-t!:>,f719,_.7-/o;;._ c,-1-e ('1 qre.a I&,.., t-<./he~ 7-he.. d/fc-h / .S CL<:u--r( / n g o <;?1770,1( h ead.

a s~(1lJ 1ea~ ... ns -~1-t~ .... rLl! ... il~~ _ r.;. _· ... r:·, :1 l~d . " u~ t .• r: ~ ·c, the

plying the 1at .r for irrigc: tion r~.11 be AL

apparcnt,to att.

_n clos·ns it s.o .d e pointe out t~~t inaauct a~

water in tl e irri r""'0.ted sections o_ tl e est is -he faYTlers'

ost valual)l "'S t , its istri but ion should be c r f ll~r

at~ended to,

:r

~le reat...,"t beriefit rom tle avail .ble

supply ; o to be o ot ined. :r ~.gati i~ one of th· h rd

jo., on the · r1, and ·rri "ltin~ t ni ht is proba ly tbe

avail--5

-able .• and since night :i.rrisc: tion is Amore b-enefj c ial t )

~

crops ant more economj oul of water, every fr rmer WOi..lld

profit i_ e wou_d gi

the ~tter at niaht thnt he does 1~ tho ddT time.

l

.

How to Get the Most out of a Limited Supply of Irrigation Water.

by

Carl Rohwer

Practically no rain or snow has fallen on the principal irrigated areas in Colorado since the middle of last

September, and even though normal precipitation should occur during the remainder of the crop year, the extremely dry condition of the soil resulting from the shortage of water last year, will make it necessary to irrigate more

liberally than usual in order to produce satisfactory yields. If the rainfall is again short this year, farmers will have

to take special precautions to get the greatest benefit from

the water they receive. dince, unfortunately, man has no control over the precipitation, which is the ultimate source of all water for irrigation, the farmer must seek elsewhere to find methods of making his supply of water go farther.

In some sections of Colorado an ample supply of water

exists in the subsoil at a reasonable depth beneath the

surface. Where this condition exists it is possible to

develop a supplemental supply at a reasonable cost by

pumping, and in many cases this supply may mean the difference

between a profitable crop and a failure. Farmers interested in pumping from wells can get bulletins on this subject by

writing to the Experiment station at Fort Collins. A new

bulletin entitled "Construction of lrrigation \·Jells in Colorado,

by ~ . E. Code, will soon be published. lt is hoped that this

report will be available in time to supply needed information

to the farmer before the beginning of the irrigation se~son.

-2-Where conditions are not favorable for getting additional water from wells, the farmer's only recourse is to make the best use of the water he has. One way to do this is to

eliminate all unnecessary losses. This may be accomplished

by cleaning ditches and repairing headgates and other structures before the water is turned in, because leaky

structures waste water and poorly maintained ditches lose it

through breaks and by seepage. It is imperative

that weeds and grasses be kept out of ditches during the summer, as they not only obstruct the flow of the water, thereby causing excessive seepage_, but also use tremendous quantities of water themselves which can ill be spared. Observations taken at the ~xperiment Station show that a

single cluster of sweet clover, if growing where it can

get all the water it wants, will use as much as 50 pounds per day. How much is lost in a whole season by a ditch

completely overgrown with sweet clover may easily be

conjectured.

Mr. R. L. Parshall has, in the past, called your

attention to the necessity of measuring irrigation water accurately. This is all the more necessary in times of drouth. Many farmers last year availed themselves of the

assistance of the Agricultural College in helping them solve their water measuring problems, but much still remains to be done. Too many canals are still distributing their water without the aid of any measuring aevices at all. Under

these conditions some users will get more than their share,

-3-The farmers at the lower end of canals usually suffer. Many

of the devices in use on those canals where an attempt is

made to distribute the water accurately, are seriously in

error. This is particularly true of the so-called divisors

which are used on many laterals and some canals. Nearly

all divisors are inaccurate and usually favor the large

users. Much better results would be obtained if each farmer

taking water out of a lateral had an accurate measuring device at the head of his farm ditch; then all users would share

equally in proportion to their rights. Complete information on how to measure water accurately is given in Farmers'

Bulletin No. 1683 of the United States Department of

Agriculture, entitled "Measuring Water in Irrigation Channels" .

Copies may be obtained from the Experiment Station at Fort Collins or from the Bureau of Agricultural Engineering at

Washington.

Farmers in the irrigated sections of Colorado have long

recognized the saving in water resulting from having their

lands in proper shape for applying water. However, there is

still room for improbement, and a special effort should be

~

made to l8vei fields so that they will get sufficient water

without some parts getting too little and other parts too

much. A fact which should be kept in mind when row crops

are being irrigated, is that long furrows do not distribute

water either uniformly or economically. Vmen long furrows

are used, by the time the l&wer end has sufficient water,

too much has been applied to the upper end. This causes a

-4-About 500 feet is a satisfactory length in most soils,

but shorter furrows should be used in porous soils. 'lhis

method has the added advantage that the waste water collecting

at the lower ends of the furrows may be caught in a cross

ditch in the field and redistributed in the next set of

furrows. Hy this means a considerable saving of water

is made.

rlotation of water on a time basis is generally practiced

in Colorado. lt is a valuable aid in conserving water ~n

time of drouth and should be adopted whenever the quantity

available is not sufficient to provide a satisfactory

irrigation head. 'Nhen the head of water is sna 11, it takes

a longer time to cover a given area, and all the time the

water is running in the ditch supplying the area, some of

it is being lost by seepage. By rotating with a neighbor

the head is increased and the time necessary to irrigate a

field reduced, thereby shortening the time during which the

seepage loss is occurring and, of course, the amount of the

loss. Another advantage of ~his method should be pointed

out. Nearly as much water is needed to wet a ditch when

it is running a small head as when running a large head.

Furthermore, the saving in labor by using a large head

in applying the ~ water for irrigation will be readily

-5-In closing it should be pointed out that inasmuch as water in the irrigated sections of the west is the farmers' most valuable asset, its distribution should be carefully attended to, if the greatest benefit from the available

supp~y is to be obtained. Irrigating is one of the hard

jobs on the farm, and irrigating at night is probably the hardest, but irrigation water has to be taken when it is available, and since night irrigation is the more beneficial to crops and the more economical of tJater, every farmer

would profit if he would give the same attention to aistributing

\

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

BUREAU OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

WASHINGTON, D. C.

IN YOUR REPLY PLEASE

February 12, 1935.

REFER TO FILE No. ~l

Mr. Carl Rohwer,

Colorado Agricultural College,

Fort Collins, Colorado.

Dear Mr. Rohwer:

VIA AIR MAIL

Your article -Row to Get the ost out ot· a Limited

SUpply· ot Irrigation ater• tor broadcasting is approved.

There have been few minor editorial changes made in our Editorial Division.

On page 4 I believe 1 t rea4&· ell right without inclu ing the insert.

lhen you have made the corrections, will you please sen

copy to tbe Berkele,y office tor our files?

Very truly yours,

How to Get the Most out of a Limited Supply of Irrigation Water. by

Carl Rohwer

Practically no rain or snow has fallen on the principal irrigated areas in Colorado since the middle of last

September, and even though normal precipitation should

occur during the remainder of the crop year, the extremely

dry condition of the the shortage of water

last year, will make it necessary to irrigate more liberally

than usual in order to produce satisfactory 7ields. If the

rainfall is again short this year, farmers will have to take

special precautions to get the greatest benefit from the

water they receive. ince, ~nfortunately, man has no control

over the precipitation, which is the ultimate source

of

all

water for irrigation, the farmer must seek elsewhere to find

methods of making his supply or water go farther.

In some sections of Colorado an amply supply of water

exists in the subsoil at a reasonable depth beneath the

surface. Where this condition exists it is possible to

develop a supplemental supply at a reasonabl~ cost by

pumping, and in many cases this'ma mean the difference

I

between a profitable crop and a ~lure. ~armers interested

in pumping from wells can get ~ulletins on this subject

by writing to the Experiment station at Fort Collins. A

new bulletin entitled "Construction of Irrigation Wells

I

in Colorado", by

w

.

E. Code will soon be published. It

I

is hoped that this report will be available in time to

-2-of the irrigation season.

Vlliere conditions are not favorable for getting additional water from wells, the farmer's only recourse is to make the

best use of the water he has. One way to do this is ·to

eliminate all unnecessary losses. This may be accomplished by cleaning ditches and repairing headgates and other

structures before the water is turned in.because leaky

./

structures waste Water and

poorly~in

ained ditches

e

~

, <losses CD

ac~t

of wasec;- brerlks

and~xcessive

seepage.

" A.

It is imperative that weeds and grasses be kept out of ditches duringtthe summe~ as they not only . obstruct the flow of the

water, thereby causing excessive seepage, but also use tremendous quantities of water themselves which can ill be spared. Ob.servations taken at the Experiment Station show that a single cluster of sweet clover, if growing where it can get all the water it wants, will use as much as 50 pounds

per day. How much is lost in a whole season by a ditch completely overgrown with sweet clover may easily be conjectured.

M

r. R.

L

.

Parshall has, in the past, called your attention

to the necessity of measuring irrigation water accurately. This is all t he more necessary in times~,of drouth. Many

~ast year availed themselves of the assistance of the

in helping them solve their water measuring problems~

but much still remains to be done. Too many canals are still

distributing their water without the aid of any measuring

devices at all. Under these conditions some users will get

more than their share

_/

and others less. The farmers at the

.

-3-devices in use on these canals where an attempt is made to

distribute the water accurately, are seriously in error.

This is particularly true of the so-called divisors which

are used on many laterals and some canals. Nearly all·

divisors are inaccurate and usually favor the large users.

Much better results would be obtained if each farmer taking

#.

.

water out of a lateral ~ an accurate measuring

device at the head of his farm ditch; then all users would

share equally in proportion to their rights . Complete

Farmers' Bulletin No. 168~ of

F.ngjn..e.a~i-n&, enti tled/"Measuring \11Jater in lrrigation

Channels". Copies may be obtained from the Experiment

Station at J:i'ort Collins or from the Bureau of Agricultural

Engineering at Washington.

· Farmers in the irrigated sections of Colorado have long

recognized the saving in water resulting from having their

lands in proper shape for applying water. However, there

is still room for improvement, and a special effort Should

be made to level fields so that they will get sufficient

water without some parts getting too little and other parts

~oo·.much. A fact whi h ept in mind when

water either uniformly or economically. ~hen long furrows

are used, by the time the lower end has sufficient water,

too much has been applied to ~he upper end. This causes a

needless loss. About 500 feet is a satisfactory length in

-4

-soils. This method has the added advantage that the waste water collecting at the lower ends of the furrows may be

caught in a cross ditch in the field and redistributed in the next set of furrows . By this means a considerable saving of water is made.

Rotation or water on a time basis is generally practiced in Colorado. It is a valuable aid in conserving water in tirne of drouth and should be aaopted wnenever the quantity available is not suff icient to provide a satisfactory

irrigation head. J~hen the head of water is small, it tak:es a longer time to cover a given area, and all the time the water is running in the ditch supplying the area, some of it

is being lost by seepage. By rotating with a neighbor the head is increased and the time necessarv to irrigate a field reduced, thereby shortening the time during which the seepage loss is occurring and

1

ot~ course/ the amount of the loss . Another advantage of this .f1ethod should be pointed out.

t~ nearly as much water to \vet a ditch w~1en it is rul).ning ~cuv1?-':Then. rhe.-qoan r~ l£.1 Drvva-Ter (oo-/- py uUe-thn9 T-he c;;fc:h U/1// .b

e.--? , -41_?<?r-?"-r,'7- r et'f qr~a-1-~;-~he..--n -r-he-Cl'r"-k/-7 ~6 o a r r'f;#?p .:::7 c::>rna/1 kedcl. ·

a small head as when running a large head. \. J.i'urthermore, the saving in labo~n a~plying the wat0r for irrigation will be apparent ~~~~

In closing it whould be pointed out that inasmuch as water in the irrigated sections of the west is the farmers' most valuable asset, its distribution should be carefully attended to, if the greatest benefit from the available supply is to be obtained. Irrigating is one of the hard

jobs on the farm, and irrige:1ting at night is probably the

--5

-able, and since night irrigation beneficial to

crops andtmore economical of water, every farmer would profit if he would give the same attention to distributing the water at night that he does in the day time.

How to Get the Most out of a Limited

~.

by Carl Rohwer

Practically no rain or snow has fallen on the principal

irrigated areas in Colorado since the middle of last

September, and even though normal precipitation should

( ' ( i f '

~ during the remainder of tbe crop year, the extremely

last year will make it necessary

of water

1/1 ~±¥-me¥e-trnrrn·~me

satisfactory yields. If

the rainfall is again short this year farmers will have to

take special precautions to get the greatest benefit from

~ .. mt\ o"

the water they receive. 'Unfortunately, has control

(_, ld ' ~ v

over . u~~¥ of water for irrigation

-de"P~ .. en,iJ en t·l:te·"":·w ~~'""lil~-. the farmer

.

must seek ei.se'\vhere to find r.1ethods of making his supply

of water go f<.ttrtJ-,er.

In

some sections of Colorado supply of water

exists in the subsoil at a reasonable depth beneath the

\

this condition exists it is possible to

' fl . _5J

supply at a reasonable cos~₁and in many

surface.

supplementt,\t

cases this au~-~~ may mean the difference between a profit

-able crop and a failure . iarmers interested in pumping

tt

'

from wells can get buJletins on ~ subject by writing

to the Experiment Station at Fort Collins. A new bulletin 1/

entitled Sonstruction of Irrigation Wells in Colorado by

.

,,

W. E. Code will soon be J)Ublished. I It is hoped that th1 s

r

e.{? \

will be available in time to suppl:y needed information f

fhe

{~ rn ,

-2

-\)j~

~ conditions are not favorable for getting additional water 1'ror1 wells the farmers only recourse is to make the best use of the water he has. One way to

co

this is to

rna.~

~ · che

is turned oorly maintained

ditches cause los9es of

\d

~· 5e. p ....

seepage. It is imperative that weeds and grass be kept out

:;-,

of ditches during t:h e summer. they not only o bs true t the flow

1

I

of the wate) causing excessive seepage/ but also use

tremendous qua:n,t it ies of water themsel ve.s which can ill be

c

spared. R , ~t at the Experiment Station show that

,.. \)~

1-a single sweet clover ~t if growing where it can get all

the water it wants;will use as much as 50 pounds per day.

How much is lost in a whole season by a ditch completely overgr!Dwn wtth sweet clover may easily be conjectured.

Mr. Parshall has in the pAst called your attention to the necessity of ·measurinf, \irrigation water accurately. 'J'his is all the more necessary in times of drouth. Many farmers

last .year availed themselves of the assistance of the college in helping them solve their water measuring priDblems but much still remains to be done . Too many canals are still distribut

-~:/'-, ing their water without the aid of any measuring devices at

tT"'\

all. Under these conditions some users will get more than

~

their share and other less. The farmers at the lower end of canals usually suffer as a resfilt. Many of the devices in use on those canals where an attempt is made to distribute

)

-3-ly true of the so called div~sors which are used on many

laterals and some canals. Nearly all divisors are inaccurate

and usually favor the large users. Much better results would

be obtained if each farmer taking water out of a lateral would

farm ditch ~en all users would share equally in

proport-ion to their rights. Complete information on how to

meusure water accurately is given in Farmers' Bull~tin No.

~

1683 of the Bureau of Agrjcultural Engineering, entit led,

"Measuring Water in lrrigation Channels". C..

rncltl b (! ,. I I _.,', A'/

II

f ( /

-rt

e

'I I J)~

Farmers in the irrigated sections of Co orado have long

recognized the saving in water resulting from having their

lands in proper shape for applying water. However, there is

still room for improvement, and a special effort should be

made to level f ields so that they will get sufficient water

without some parts

~

too much. Aft-: ti±~· fact which should be kept in mind when

irrigating row crops)is that long furrows do not distribute

water either uniformly or economically. When long furrows

are used by the time the lower end has sufficient water,

too much has been applied to the upper end. This causes a

needless loss. About 500 feet is a satisfactory length in·

most soils, but shorter furrows should be used in porous

soils. This method has the added advantage that the wate~ ·

collecting at the lower end~ of the furrovvs may be caught in

C:

~itch i~ the field and redistribut ed in thP next set

/ ""- '!"'

/ •

/

~4-~ practiced in,Colorado · is a valuable aid in conserving

I

water in times of drouth and should be adopted ~henever the

quantity available is not sufficient to provide a satisfactory

irrigation head, ~hen the head is small, it takes a ·longer

I f-1 . (}\

time to cover t area. 11 the time the water i~

SoP"J,;~ 0 . 6 r:J ,..·J.

running in the di tch₁ 'li~r. is being lost by seepage. By

~ '

rotating with a neighbor the head is increased

1_..:=t and the time

necessary to irrigate a field reduced,thereby the

\ +time lllUDI:s::s:arx;)l:xXmxixxi:~lllXIII: durin~, which the seepage loss

is occurring and of cause _{,. .} the amount of the loss. Another

.

advantage of _this method should be pointed out. It takes

nearly as much water to wet a ditch when it is running a

small head as when running a large head.

.4 ~ ~)..t,. ,1

~P ~· t-e~,

<'I

1

L u \ t

the quantity' A lost by wetting the dl fch ₁·

\ ·1

:ty greater

when the ditch is carrying a, small hee.d. l!'urthermore , the

I f

saving in labor in applyine,water Viill be apparent to all.

In clos ing/ f should · ke

~

point

~

out that inasmuch as

water in the irrigated sections of the west is r·most

valuable asset, its distribution should be care·fully

I I

attended to if the greatest benefi~ from the suuply is.

I

is more beneficial to crops an~ more economip~l of vater

) ' )

every farmer :t profit if he,.<,..givet> the s me ;

attention to distributing the water at night that he does in

0 0 1 of I ·i ion

c 0

le

he oi

1 j n o. de ... to odt ee s· ~.ti ~rae tory yielc • If t

r ilf lJ i .. a!,!:)in 'short th1s .:·e: r, f l'"t!te ·s ' i l l . c..v; t vah: speoi~l

precautions

to get the Jreatest benefit .ro t1e

·

~e .

a.,.r _

·~cei ve. S n ·a, unfortu:nntel;, , .. 1. n ha. no contro

01 ·~ tl preei ... it i,ion

1 lhich is the ultit. ate SO\ r· e Qf~··al

w

tor

ro...

irriga t iorJ. ,. hq fa mer mu.;:; ac~ . elaettYh.. e ~

ethods o! . ·a '"'in. ; his sup;Jly of 'Ul ~er go fa:rther.

In so

~ac ion.: of

Golora.do

un

ampl

SUJpl.:y

of

tt

,er

t •oil a n e sonnbl depth b ·net tle

c • · here thi co it on ex1st _{it ~s} o· _s1bl o

c.G"'"'~:lop e · upple , vntal uppl· at·. t1 reasctla.bJ e cos ~ "J

in , ' nd. in man oa ·. s th.t.s may Ttle~.n t"' . 1fforenc,

b~t -~·e a p oi'i ble cro. and a 'lure. "i'ar er 1 tere ... ed

fro, 11~ u n et

»

u

le 1 s

on

this stb " ~ct

b· · in&-: to the .,;y. eri.tent St t~on t "'cl!' t Col ino.

n t i 1 eii · n Color _,. 0 d

'

_'

t=e; c this

Code ·, lll SOOt . be }"Uoli he • epo'"t ·i_ b - t:o o tl e

o

e in ··i · t nrr:.er fo t.

It

n~

.

t _•

--0 h l. ri-a in ji;) 0 •

~

ere onlit1ons r

not

f

vor t_e .or

t inf~ u ui tion l

0 ' ~11 ' 0 y oc t k a • .h s is to e.L b 0 h ... _{[~ ~ .. b ... k.,} '• t of t " r o

struc

€ f 0 () ·th t lr-o 0 t

t

~l h can 111 e .. ib

_e

_{v t} 0 a et io~ h c l. ·t a h 1 t ne dF. r. ·o .~ mp1e ely 0

..

.

_• 1 • 0 n ce t Jl v· ·e b ~h

.

₁₁ 0 e • 'lo t

Jl

i t nb h·

·r

0 t 1 _• C01 it on. "*0 e t t r 1 >J .. r l

r

u 11 • 0

devic ... e'!i 1 u

distri but., ~· e

re an

a.tt

npt

r .. se~ir sJ.,r i

Th ~ i ~ ~ticula 1~

tru

.r

tn so

oK

led

an · ·ls,

s r 11 .ccur .. ,e a "' ·u J l v favor t~

"" I

.uc b. t\ ... .., _{Ies ts} 0":.1 d. ob ai . ~f .., c

'hod

t .. r 01 t of la c·tal J ,cu,_ to _l

device at the her:.ta o· f !. l, itch, t •0 1

ah. '. . ( U· ill: n

.r

ort ·on tt) .eir ""o

t I

on

ho. t 10' Btl _""

n l!1A!.) )

'l- t _{~~;ea .uta}

•

c

Copi s ob .~a· e ". ..ro.

r

rr .. r.

.o tld te in n

,t: tio f t ort 0

rom

o Agricult .. al

~ ·:1n rll~

at

on

.

111 t

seet ons o OC>lor

do

h v

n

reco"n z .... d t·

la d 1 ~ proper ~1 · fore Ho

s sti11 .roo·

:c·or

r: .r s ... c · a1

e ·111 g ont

8

oo j t l .. n.

parts

too

.in . in il. e

do no

.triblt

. ·t.... un.i .. ooncr ice 11 • or · ."'u ro.

ar .. s d, by i · e t ~ .. a ~e1·,

t o uch '''l 1

1 m I

I

~

I 0 _• m tho at l ' tc1 _t r _• (J v i no 0 n a v·er e i d a e ,, ~ or rvin t err e ue:nt ty ti f c ry i th 1 b. t e h e . not er a v -· l 0 n t n rr st v u· ·1e

'

if .n, r v _1a t n a.

..

f 1---ri i h cas r. to 1 .tO . urir _{i ·} h t .. v se p ·· · 0 ,. OiUl 0 t b ~) in ve au • •\ i .• • ,. u .l ·:

r.-v e.+f-,·Y') Q rh e.. q ;~.,. I? tA)t/f e-V h e-!,7 -r-he-d l-lc:n 1s ~CYrr-0~q q <::Jr77o N /7ectd .

._.. r ;...> ~ ' • • ... • " r · ·::- , • r ... i 10 o:t t 0 na.~ ltC., a OJ 0 he

r

r 11 }r· 0 e 0 , f rd .i nj ~h 0 t, 0 j

-

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a e

,

nd _{ince ni ;ht ri tion} j

)\ or-: b i ne ici _l to

..rh~

crop~ < '

econom

c.l 0

a er,

ry f' r r 0 ld 1\ _~ pro •t 0 ) ... _{he t f ti to} · r. bu, th·

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t lt!h t h: do"~ _{n d i}

•