• No results found

Trends in Childbearing and Nuptiality in Sweden, 1961(71)-1997

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Share "Trends in Childbearing and Nuptiality in Sweden, 1961(71)-1997"

Copied!
35
0
0

Loading.... (view fulltext now)

Full text

(1)

http://www.diva-portal.org

This is the published version of a chapter published in Nordic Demography in History and

Present-Day Society.

Citation for the original published chapter: Andersson, G. (2001)

Trends in Childbearing and Nuptiality in Sweden, 1961(71)-1997.

In: Lars-Göran Tedebrand and Peter Sköld (ed.), Nordic Demography in History and

Present-Day Society (pp. 67-100). Umeå: Umeå universitet

N.B. When citing this work, cite the original published chapter.

Permanent link to this version:

(2)

Pm`i_ndi?cdg_]`\mdib\i_Jpkod\gdotdi

Or`_`i) .63.%4.&*.664

9aZZN^3ZQR^__[Z

Eiomj_p^odji

?

c\ib`ndi_`hjbm\kcd^]`c\qdjpm^\i]`\i\gtn`_`doc`mamjh\ k`mdj_ jm amjh \ ^jcjmo k`mnk`^odq`+ Ei \ _dn^pnndji \]jpo oc` m`g`q\i^` ja`\^cjaoc`n`orj k`mnk`^odq`ndi_`hjbm\kcd^ \i\gtndn) Jd >cmjg^c~di %.66/& nomjibgt \_qj^\o`n oc` ajmh`m+ Oc` \mbp`n oc\o hjnoa\^ojmnoc\o\aa`^o_`hjbm\kcd^]`c\qdjpmrjmfji\k`mdj_m\o* c`moc\iji\^jcjmo]\ndn\i_nc`^jin`lp`iogt\nfnajmhjm`\i\gt* n`n rdoc \ ^g`\m*^po k`mdj_ k`mnk`^odq`+ Koc`m \pocjmn \n r`gg) np^c \n I pmkct %.660&) c\q` `h kc\ndn`_ oc` dh kjmo\i^` ja \ k`mdj_ k`mnk`^odq`di\i\gtn`n jaa`modgdot \i_ Hpou`o\g+ %.66.& ncjr`_ oc\o k`mdj_ `aa`^on h\t]` hp^c hjm` dhkjmo\io oc\i^jcjmo `aa`^on \gnj rc`i _dqjm^`n \m` nop_d`_+ Ei ocdn k\k`m) r` rdgg _`n^md]` \ ntno`h ajmkm`n`iodibodh` om`i_n di^cdg_]`\mdib\i_ipkod\gdot pndibOr`* _dnc m`bdno`m _\o\+ S` rdgg h\f` \ ocjmjpbc k`mdj_ \i\gtndn bdqdib _`o\dg`_ diajmh\odji \]jpo ^c\ib`n di a\hdgt _ti\hd^n di Or`_`i amjh ji` ^\g`i_\m t`\m oj \ijoc`m+

Ei jaad^d\g no\odnod^n) r` h\t oj_\t adi_ n`q`m\g otk`n jah`\npm`n oc \o kd^f pk njh ` a`\opm`n ja k`mdj_ ^c\ib`n di _`h jbm\kcd^ ]`c\qdjpm+ Pc` ^jhhji \b`*nk`^dad^ ]dmoc m\o`n %O?>) .665) P\]g` 0+.4&) admno*h \mmd\b` m\o`n %O?>) .665) P\]g` 2+4&) \i_ _dqjm^` m\o`n %O?>).665)P\]g`2+.6& bdq` diajmh\odji\]jpooc`kmjk`indotojbdq` ]dmoc) oj h\mmt) \i_ oj _dqjm^` \o _daa`m`io \b`n di nk`^dad^ ^\g`i_\m t`\mn+Pc`n`\m`\gg^`iom\gm\o`nm`g\odiboc`iph ]`mjam`^jm_`_`q`ion ojoc`kjkpg\odji\^op\ggtpi_`mmdnfja`sk`md`i^diboc``q`iopi_`m j]n`mq\odji+=kmj]g`hdnoc\ooc`n`m\o`n\m``nn`iod\ggtojjndhkg`oj

(3)

bdq`\^jhkg`o`_`n^mdkodjijaoc`om`i_ndia\hdgt_ti\hd^n+=ijoc`m kmj]g`hdnoc\o)rc`ink`^dad`_ajm\gg\b`bmjpknjadio`m`no)oc`t\m` njh\itoc\odohdbco]`_daad^pgooj_`mdq`\itnphh\mtdiajmh\odji amjh  oc`h + = q`mt ^jh h ji \i_ ndh kg` r \t ja _`mdqdib np^c diajmh\odji dn oc`i ]t nphhdib oc` \b`*nk`^dad^ m\o`n ajm `\^ct`\m jadio`m`no+Sc`i\kkgd`_oj]dmocm\o`n)ocdnm`npgondioc`k`mdj_Pjo\g B`modgdotN\o` %PBN& \i_oc`kmj^`_pm`\hjpionojoc`^jinomp^odjija \ ntioc`od^ ^jcjmoajm `\^ct`\m ^jind_`m`_+ Odhdg\m ntioc`od^*^jcjmo h`\npm`n^\i]`_`mdq`_ajmh\mmd\b`n\i__dqjm^`n\nr`gg8oc`k`mdj_* ]\n`_ Pjo\g Bdmno I\mmd\b` N\o` %PBIN& dn j]o\di`_ ]t ^phpg\odib \b`*nk`^dad^ admno*h \mmd\b` di^d_`i^` m\o`n ajm \ k\mod^pg\m ^\g`i_\m t`\mrcdg`oc`k`mdj_*]\n`_Pjo\g@dqjm^`N\o` %P@N& dnj]o\di`_]t ^ph pg\odib _dqjm^` di^d_`i^` m\o`n ]t _pm\odji ja h \mmd\b` ajm \ nk`^dad^ ^\g`i_\m t`\m+ = _m\r]\^f rdoc oc`n` \bbm`b\o`_ h`\npm`n dn oc\ooc`t \m` ojj ^mp_` oj bdq` \it diajmh\odji \]jporc`oc`moc` om`i_ndi^cdg_]`\mdib\i_ipkod\gdotc\q`]``i_daa`m`ioajm_daa`m`io np]bmjpkn jarjh`i+

=ijoc`m_dn\_q\io\b`oc\ojao`idnh`iodji`_ajmoc`^jiq`iodji\g PBNdnoc\odoo`i_noj`s\bb`m\o`^c\ib`ndia`modgdotdik`mdj_nrc`i rjh`i\m`kjnokjidibjm\m`nk``_dibpkoc`dm^cdg_]`\mdib%D\ei\g) .614&+ Pc` PBIN \i_ oc` P@N o`i_ oj ]` `q`ihjm` kmj]g`h\od^ \n h`\npm`njaipkod\gdot8oc`dm^\g^pg\odjirdgg`\ndgtm`npgodidi\^^pm\o` h\mmd\b`\i__dqjm^`om`i_n+Ki`m`\njiajmocdndnoc\ooc`t\m`]\n`_ jiiph]`mnjaadmnoh \mmd\b`n,_dqjm^`nrcd^c\m`m`g\o`_oj\ggrjh`i m`b\m_g`nn ja oc`dm ^dqdg no\opn) d+`+) oc\o oc`t \m` ^jinomp^o`_ amjh di^d_`i^` m\o`n m\oc`m oc\i amjh kmjk`m j^^pmm`i^`*`skjnpm` m\o`n+ %O`` Dj`h) .645) ajm \ _dn^pnndji \]jpo ^ph pg\o`_ _`h jbm\kcd^ di^d_`i^` m\o`n+&

Ijm` \_`lp\o` odh` n`md`n h\t cjr`q`m m`npgorc`ihjm` _`o\d* g`_diajmh\odjiamjhoc`]\nd^ _`hjbm\kcd^no\odnod^ndnpodgdn`_hjm` `aad^d`iogt+ N\ggp \i_ Pjpg`hji %.661& km`n`io ji` np^c`aajmooj dh* kmjq` oc` lp\gdot ja k`mdj_ ]\n`_ a`modgdot h`\npm`n di oc`dm diq`nod* b\odjija\iph]`mja\go`mi\odq`h`\npm`n)\gg]\n`_jioc`kmdi^dkg` ja \ ntioc`od^ ^jcjmo+ Pc`t omd`_ oj `gdhdi\o` oc` diagp`i^` ja k\no a`modgdot ]`c\qdjpm ji ^pmm`io g`q`gn ja ^cdg_]`\mdib ]t \bbm`b\odib oc`dm di_`s`n amjh hjm` _`o\dg`_ _\o\ oc\i oc` ndhkg` \b`*nk`^dad^ a`modgdot m\o`n+ Pc`t ^ji^gp_`_ oc\o ji` ncjpg_ di^gp_` diajmh\odji \]jpok\mdot\i__pm\odjijaodh`ndi^`km`qdjpn]dmocn)danp^cdiajm* h\odji dn \q\dg\]g`+ Pc`t \gnj ^ji^gp_`_ oc\o ji` ncjpg_ pn` _`hj* bm\kcd^ h `\npm`n rc`m` oc` iph ]`mn ja _`h jbm\kcd^ `q`ion \m` kmjk`mgtm`g\o`_ojoc`kjkpg\odji\^op\ggtpi_`mmdnfja`sk`md`i^dib

(4)

oc` k\mod^pg\m `q`io) d+`+) ji` ncjpg_ pn` j^^pmm`i^`*`skjnpm` m\o`n m\oc`m oc\idi^d_`i^` m\o`n) daji` r\ion oj \bbm`b\o` oj \ ntioc`od^* ^jcjmo h`\npm` ja oc\o `q`io+ Jd >cmjg^c~di %.66/& ndhdg\mgt \nf`_ ajm hjm` \i_ ]`oo`m no\i_\m_dn\odji ajm km`^`_dib _`hjbm\kcd^ cdn* ojmt rc`i ^jinomp^odib k`mdj_ h`\npm`n ja a`modgdot+ Oc` \gnj r`io ji` no`k apmoc`m dikmjkjndiboc` \]\i_jih`io jaa`modgdot h`\npm`n oc\o \m` ]\n`_ ji oc` kmdi^dkg` ja \ ntioc`od^ ^jcjmo) ]`gd`qdib oc\o h`\npm`n `skm`nn`_ \n $^cdg_m`i k`m rjh \i$ ^g`\mgt hdnm`km`n`ion rc\odnj^^pmmdib_pmdib\k`mdj_+Pc`k\m\gg`gojipkod\gdoth`\npm`n `skm`nn`_\n$kmjkjmodjih\mmd`_$\i_$kmjkjmodji_dqjm^`_$dnj]qdjpn+

=idi^jmkjm\odji jahj_`mino\odnod^\g oc`jmt ajm oc` ^jinomp^odji ja\iph]`mja\go`mi\odq`_`hjbm\kcd^h`\npm`nh\topmijpooj]` hjm` n\odna\^ojmt+ Bjm _dqjm^`n) Dj`h %.66.\& admnonpbb`no`_k\mdot* nk`^dad^di_`s`nja_dqjm^`mdnfn]\n`_ji\hj_`miq`mndjijadi_dm`^o no\i_\m_dn\odji oc\o ^jiomjgn ajm oc` `aa`^on ja \ iph ]`m ja _`hj* bm\kcd^ a\^ojmn+ Dj`h %.660\& ndhdg\mgt km`n`io`_ oc` d_`\n ajm \ n^c`h`jano\i_\m_dn`_]dmocm\o`n+Ddnm`bm`nndjihj_`gnm`npgo`_di7

Ö \ _dn\bbm`b\o`_ _`n^mdkodji ja _`hjbm\kcd^ ^c\ib`) _dnkg\tdib om`i_najm\gdhdo`_iph]`mjanp]bmjpkn jarjh`i)

Ö \i `aad^d`io pn` ja \q\dg\]g` _\o\) ^jiomjggdib ajm ^jhkjndodji\g ^c\ib`n jq`m oc` _daa`m`io _`hjbm\kcd^ a\^ojmn) \i_

Ö oc`pn` ja \ h`omd^ oc\odn \kkmjkmd\o` ajm \k`mdj_ ]\n`_ \i\gt* ndn) bdqdibdiajmh\odji\]jpo^c\ib`ndioc`kmjk`indotoj _dqjm^` %ojh\mmt)oj bdq`]dmoc& ajmq\mdjpn np]bmjpkn jarjh`i+

=ipk_\o`_ntno`hjaocdni\opm`ajmkm`n`iodibdi_`s`njak\mdot* nk`^dad^_dqjm^`mdnfnajmOr`_dncrjh`ic\nm`^`iogt]``ikm`n`io`_ ]t =i_`mnnji %.662) .664&+ =i_`mnnji %.665\& apmoc`m pn`n oc` n\h` d_`\n oj ^jinomp^o \ ntno`h ajm km`n`iodib k\mdot*nk`^dad^ di_`s`n ja h\mmd\b` mdnfn \i_ =i_`mnnji %.666& adi\ggt _`n^md]`n oc` ocdm_ k\mo jaocdn\kkmj\^cajmkm`n`iodibom`i_ndia\hdgt_ti\hd^ndiOr`_`i rdoc\ipk_\o`_km`n`io\odjijak\mdot*nk`^dad^di_`s`nja]dmocm\o`n jaOr`_dncrjh`i+=ggoc`n`km`n`io`_di_`s`n\m`ndhkgt`nodh\o`_ m`g\odq`mdnfnja_dqjm^dib)h\mmtdib)jmbdqdib]dmoc)]t^\g`i_\mt`\m) di_d^\odib ^c\ib`n di oc` ajm^` ja ipkod\gdot  jm ajm^` ja a`modgdot  amjhji`t`\moj\ijoc`m+Pc`di_`s`n\m`km`n`io`_\nk\mdot*nk`^dad^ adbpm`n ndi^` oc` om`i_n di \gg ocm`` otk`n ja _`hjbm\kcd^ ]`c\qdjpm c\q`]``ilpdo`_daa`m`ioajmrjh`irdoc_daa`m`ioiph]`mnja^cdg_* m`i+ Eioc`km`n`iok\k`m)r`rdggbdq`\nphh\mtkm`n`io\odjija\gg ocm``^jhkji`ionjaoc`ntno`h+S`rdgg\gnjpk_\o``\mgd`modh`n`md`n

(5)

jioc`]\ndnja]`oo`m\i_tjpib`m_\o\amjhoc`Or`_dnckjkpg\odji m`bdno`m ntno`h+ Ki` kpmkjn` ja jpm ntno`h ja km`n`iodib om`i_n di a\hdgt _ti\hd^ndiOr`_`idnojh\f` np^cpk_\o`n \iip\ggt) dijm* _`m oj _`n^md]` oc` g\o`no ^c\ib`n di _`hjbm\kcd^ ]`c\qdjpm+ Ei ocdn k\k`m)r`rdggkm`n`ioodh`om`i_ndi^cdg_]`\mdibjq`moc`t`\mn.63.* .664\i_r`rdggkm`n`ioodh`om`i_ndih\mmd\b`ajmh\odji\i_h \m* md\b` _dnnjgpodji jq`m oc` t`\mn .64.*.664+

@\o\\i_h`ocj_n

Pc` _\o\ ajm jpm ^\g^pg\odjin ^jh` amjh oc` Or`_dnc kjkpg\odjim`* bdno`m ntno`h) rcd^c ^jq`mn oc` rcjg` Or`_dnc kjkpg\odji \i_ don qdo\g `q`ion rdoc q`mt cdbc \^^pm\^t+ Ei Oo\odnod^n Or`_`i) diajmh\* odji\]jpo\ggm`^jm_`__`hjbm\kcd^`q`ion %hjioc\i_t`\mjah \m* md\b`) ^cdg_]`\mdib) _dqjm^`) _`\oc) rd_jrcjj_ \i_ `hdbm\odji& ajm rjh`i ]jmi di Or`_`i dn nojm`_ di \ _\o\ ]\n` ^\gg`_ oc` B`modgdot N`bdno`m+ Oo\odnod^nOr`_`ic\nkmjqd_`_pnrdoc\i`som\^oamjhocdn m`bdno`m rdoc diajmh\odji \]jpo \gg _`hjbm\kcd^ `q`ion ^ji^`midib ^cdg_]`\mdib ajm oc` t`\mn .61.*.664 ajm \gg rjh `i ]jmi jq`m oc` t`\mn.6/2*.65-+Pcdnbdq`ngda`*`q`iocdnojmd`nja\mjpi_/+5hdggdjin Or`_dnc rjh`i+ Pc`m` \m` 1+/ hdggdjin m`^jm_`_ gdq` ]dmocn di jpm _\o\n`o+Oo\odnod^nOr`_`ic\napmoc`mkmjqd_`_pnrdoc\ijoc`m`som\^o amjh ocdn m`bdno`m r doc \__dodji\g diajmh\odji \]jpo \gg ^c\ib`n di ^dqdg no\opn _pmdib oc` t`\mn .63.*.664 ajm \gg rjh`i ]jmi di .613* .65-+ Pcdn bdq`n ipkod\gdot cdnojmd`n ja \mjpi_ .+5 hdggdjin Or`_dnc rjh`i+ Pc` m`bdnom\odji ja h\mmd\b`n dn m`gd\]g` amjh .63. jir\m_n ]pooc` m`bdnom\odji ja _dqjm^`n dn ijo^jhkg`o` ajmt`\mn ]`ajm` .635 nj r` ^\i jigt \i\gtn` _dqjm^`n \i_ m`h\mmd\b`n ajm ocjn` rcj admno h\mmd`_di.635jmg\o`m+S`c\q`nop_d`__dqjm^`mdnfnajmrjh`idi oc`dm admnoh\mmd\b` amjh.64. jir\m_n+ Bjm .635*.664oc`m` \m` \mj* pi_ 46-)--- m`bdno`m`_ admno h\mmd\b`n \i_ 4-)--- n`^ji_ h\mmd\b`n ajmoc`rjh`idijpm_\o\n`o+ Pc`admnoh\mmd\b`nm`npgo`_di\mjpi_ .6-)--- _dqjm^`n _pmdib oc` nop_t k`mdj_+ Ei jpm km`n`io\odjin) r` _dnkg\ta`modgdotom`i_najmoc`^\g`i_\mt`\mnndi^`.63. \i_om`i_ndi h\mmd\b`ajmh\odji\i_h\mmd\b`_dnnjgpodjiajmoc`t`\mnndi^`.64.+

Kpm ^jhkpo\odjin c\q` ]``i ]\n`_ ji oc` iph]`m ja m`bdno`m`_ ]dmocn)h\mmd\b`n)\i__dqjm^`n\i_oc`^jmm`nkji_dib`skjnpm`odh`n jamdnfajmq\mdjpn np]bmjpkn jarjh`i+ Pc` j^^pmm`i^`n \i_ `skjn* pm`n\m`^mjnn*^g\nndad`_\^^jm_diboj_`hjbm\kcd^^jq\md\o`noc\o\m` _`mdq`_ amjh oc` kjkpg\odji m`bdno`m don`ga \i_ \m` pn`_ ajm di_dm`^o no\i_\m_dn\odji+ Pc`kpmkjn`janp^c\^mjnn*^g\nndad^\odjijin`q`m\g

(6)

^jq\md\o`ndnojkm`n`io\iip\gdi_`s`noc\oncjrom`i_ndioc`kmjk`in* dotojbdq`]dmoc)ojh\mmt)\i_oj_dqjm^`ajmOr`_dncrjh`ijq`moc` t`\mn ja j]n`mq\odji+ Pc` q\mdjpn di_`s`n bdq` \ ^g`\m kd^opm` jaoc` _`hjbm\kcd^odh`om`i_n\ooc`n\h`odh`\noc`tk`mhdo\i`aad^d`io pn`jaoc`diajmh\odji\q\dg\]g`dioc`kjkpg\odjim`bdno`mn\i_kmjq* d_` ^jiomjgn ajm ^jhkjndodji\g ^c\ib`n jq`m oc` q\mdjpn ^jq\md\o`n+ Pc` di_`s`n \m` kmj_p^`_ ]t `nodh \odib kmjkjmodji\g*c\u\m_ %jm dio`indot*m`bm`nndji& hj_`gn+ Op^c m`bm`nndji hj_`gn \m` ijr\_\tn no\i_\m_ rc`i nop_tdib oc` dhk\^o ja q\mdjpn q\md\]g`n ji _`hj* bm\kcd^]`c\qdjpm+Eijpm^\n`)\ndhkg`hj_`g%rdocjigth\di`aa`^on& ja) ajm `s\hkg`) oc` kmjk`indot ajm \ hjoc`m oj bdq`]dmocoj \i\__* dodji\g ^cdg_ ^\ic\q` oc`ajggjrdibajmh7

c%o& : \d]e ^f_g

rc`m`c%o& dn\]dmocdio`indotrcd^c_`k`i_njioc`q\mdjpng`q`gn jaa\^ojmnnp^c\n\%^pmm`io\b`jahjoc`m&)]%]dmocjm_`m&)^%^\g`i_\m t`\m&) \i_ _ %_pm\odjijaodh` ndi^`km`qdjpn]dmoc&+ Pc`n\h`hj_`g ^\i \gnj ]`) \i_ jao`i dn) m`km`n`io`_ di don gjb*gdi`\m ajmh) ]po r` g`\q`oc\ojpojaocdnkm`n`io\odjiajmndhkgd^dot+S`m`a`mojoc`pn`ja ocdn hj_`g \n di_dm`^o no\i_\m_dn\odji]`^\pn` oc` I\sdhph Hdf`gd* cjj_ njgpodjin ajm oc` k\m\h`o`mn ja \i dio`indot*m`bm`nndji hj_`g c\q` oc` n\h` nomp^opm` \n oc` dhkmjq`_ ajmh ja di_dm`^o no\i_\m_* dn\odjioc\o r` pn`) \n ncjri]t Dj`h %.660\&+ Kpm `nodh\odjin \m` k`majmh`_]th`\inja\^jhkpo`mkmjbm\h^\gg`_Nj^\Jjq\)m`^`iogt _`q`gjk`_ \o Oo\odnod^n Or`_`i+

Sc`ir` nk`^dathj_`gnajmoc`]dmocdio`indot)r`ajmhpg\o` _da* a`m`io hj_`gn) rdoc _daa`m`io ^jq\md\o`n) ajm oc` kmjk`indot oj bdq` ]dmoc ajm ^cdg_g`nn r jh `i \i_ ajm hjoc`mn+ Odhdg\mgt) r` nk`^dat n`k\m\o`hj_`gnajmoc`ajmh\odjijaadmnoh\mmd\b`n\i_ n`^ji_h \m* md\b`n+Pcdndn]`^\pn`rjh`ircjbdq`cdbc`m*jm_`m]dmocn\i_`io`m diojcdbc`m*jm_`mh\mmd\b`nc\q`hp^chjm`km`^`_dib_`hjbm\kcd^ cdnojmt oj \^^jpio ajm oc\i c\q` ocjn` rcj \m` pi_`m oc` mdnf ja `sk`md`i^dib admno*jm_`m `q`ion+ Ei oc` ajmh`m ^\n`) r` h\t \^^jpio ajmoc\ocdnojmt]tdi^gp_dib\__dodji\g_`hjbm\kcd^q\md\]g`ndijpm hj_`gn+ Bjmadmno*]dmocdio`indod`nr`pn`\hj_`grdoc\b`jarjh\i \i_ ^\g`i_\m t`\m \n oc` jigt ^jq\md\o`n+ Bjm ]dmocn jacdbc`m jm_`mn r`\gnjdi^gp_`oc`a\^ojmn]dmocjm_`m\i_\b`jatjpib`no^cdg_dioj jpm m`bm`nndji hj_`g+ Ei jpm ^\g^pg\odjin ja admno*h\mmd\b` mdnfn r` pn` oc` ^jq\md\o`n \b` ja rjh\i) ^\g`i_\m t`\m) \i_ k\mdot) d+`+) oc` iph]`m ja^cdg_m`i \ rjh\ic\n ]jmi`+ Ei jpm hj_`g jam`h\mmd\b`

(7)

mdnfn ja admno*_dqjm^`_ rjh`i) r` \__ oc` a\^ojm odh` ndi^` _dqjm^` diojoc`hj_`g+ Eiocdn^\n`)r`\gnjhj_datoc`\b`q\md\]g`njoc\odo _`n^md]`n\b`jarjh\i\ooc`_dqjm^`\i_oc`k\mdotq\md\]g`njoc\o dobdq`ndiajmh\odji\]jporc`oc`mkjnnd]g`^cdg_m`ija\rjh\i\m` ]jmi]`ajm` oc` _dqjm^` jm \ao`m oc\o `q`io+ Bdi\ggt) di jpm hj_`gn ja _dqjm^`mdnfnjaadmno*h\mmd`_rjh`i)r`pn`^jq\md\o`noc\om`km`n`io \b` \o h\mmd\b`) _pm\odji ja h\mmd\b`) k\mdot) oc` km`n`i^` ja \it km`h\mdo\g ^cdg_m`i %^cdg_m`i ]jmi ]`ajm` oc` h\mmd\b` _\o`&) \b` ja tjpib`no ^cdg_) \i_ ^\g`i_\m t`\m+ =gg jpm ^jq\md\o`n \m` om`\o`_ \n ^\o`bjmd^\g q\md\]g`n+ = hjm` _`o\dg`_ _`n^mdkodji ja jpm q\md\]g`n) rdoc_`adidodjinjaoc`_daa`m`ioq\md\]g`g`q`gnoc\or`pn`)dnbdq`idi oc` =kk`i_ds oj ocdn k\k`m+

= ^jhhji a\^ojm di \gg jpm m`bm`nndji hj_`gn dn ^\g`i_\m t`\m) rcd^cr`_`adi`dindibg`*t`\mbmjpkn+ Odi^`oc`kpmkjn` jajpmkm`* n`io\odji dn oj _dnkg\t k`mdj_ om`i_n di a\hdgt _ti\hd^n ocdn dn \gnj jpm h\di a\^ojm ja dio`m`no+ Bjm ocdn a\^ojm) \n r`gg \n ajm oc` joc`m a\^ojmn h `iodji`_ \]jq`) r` `nodh\o` m`g\odq` mdnfn oc\o ncjr oc` kmjk`indotojbdq`]dmoc)ojh\mmt)\i_oj_dqjm^`m`g\odq`oj\npdo\]g` ]\n`gdi` g`q`g jaoc` n\h` a\^ojm+ Pc` m`g\odq` mdnfn ajm ^\g`i_\mt`\m \m` oc`i km`n`io`_ di oc` n\h` h\ii`m \n \ kmd^` di_`s) rcd^c bdq` diajmh\odji \]jpo ^c\ib`n di kmd^`n m`g\odq` oj \ npdo\]g` ^\g`i_\m t`\m+ S`km`n`io\iip\g di_`s`n ja]dmocm\o`n rc`m`r` pn` .644\n jpm ]\n`gdi` t`\m \i_ \iip\g di_`s`n ja h\mmd\b` mdnfn \i_ _dqjm^` mdnfnrdoc.65-\noc`]\n`gdi`t`\m+=q\gp`jan\t.+2-ajmoc`_dqjm^`* mdnf di_`s ja \ ^`mo\di ^\g`i_\m t`\m oc`i h`\in oc\o oc` kmjk`indot oj _dqjm^` r\n 2- k`m^`io cdbc`m di oc\o t`\m oc\i do r\n di .65-) rc`ir` ^jiomjg ajm ^jhkjndodji\g ^c\ib`n jq`m oc` joc`m q\md\]g`n dijpmhj_`g+

N`g\odq` mdnfn ja oc` kmjk`indot oj bdq` ]dmoc) oj h \mmt) \i_ oj _dqjm^` \m` ja ^jpmn` \gnj `nodh\o`_ ajm oc` joc`m q\md\]g`n+ Ei ocdn k\k`m)r`rdggijok\thp^c\oo`iodjiojoc` `aa`^ojaoc`n`q\md\]g`n ji_`hjbm\kcd^]`c\qdjpm+Pc`t\m`dino`\__dn^pnn`_dihjm`_`o\dg di oc` k\k`mn ]t =i_`mnnji %.662) .664) .665\) .666&+ Djr`q`m) r` rdggc`m` aj^pn jioc` `aa`^ojak\mdot jia\hdgt _ti\hd^ndiOr`_`i di oc\o r` km`n`io k\mdot*nk`^dad^ di_`s`n) rcd^c _dnkg\t om`i_n di ^cdg_]`\mdib \i_ ipkod\gdot ajm r jh `i r doc _daa`m`io iph ]`mn ja ^cdg_m`i+Pc`n`di_`s`n\m`kmj_p^`_]t`nodh\odibdio`m\^odjihj_`gn) rcd^cbdq`m`g\odq`mdnfnjaoc``q`iopi_`mnop_tajm\gg^jh]di\odjin ja ^\g`i_\m t`\m \i_ k\mdot+ =n r` rdgg n``) om`i_n di _`hjbm\kcd^ ]`c\qdjpm c\q` di h\it ^\n`n ]``i _daa`m`io ajm rjh`i rdoc _daa`* m`io iph]`mn ja ^cdg_m`i+ Ei oc` ajggjrdib km`n`io\odjin ja m`g\odq`

(8)

mdnfn)r`_jijokmjqd_`\itadbpm`njiq\md\i^`njmndbidad^\i^`g`q`gn+ Ei \ _\o\ n`o \n cpb` \n jpmn) km\^od^\ggt \it `nodh\o`_ _daa`m`i^` di mdnfg`q`grdggopmijpooj]`no\odnod^\ggtndbidad^\io+

Pm`i_ndi^cdg_]`\mdib%.63.*.664&

=gm`\_t amjh \ admno gjjf jin`md`n jak`mdj_ PBNq\gp`n ajmOr`_`i ji` rdgg _dn^jq`m oc\ooc` g`q`g jaa`modgdot diocdn ^jpiomtc\n ncjri nomjibagp^op\odjin _pmdibm`^`io _`^\_`n %n``) ajm `s\hkg`) =i_`mn* nji) .666) Bdbpm` .&+ Hdf` di hjno joc`m i`dbc]jpmdib ^jpiomd`n) oc` a`modgdot _`^gdi`_ _pmdib oc` n`^ji_ c\ga jaoc` .63-n \i_ _pmdib oc` .64-n+ =ao`m oc\o) oc` PBN dino`\_ di^m`\n`_ nc\mkgt _pmdib oc` g\o`m k\mojaoc`.65-n+Eor`iopkoj\i_`q`ik\nn`_\]jq`oc`m`kg\^`h`io g`q`gdi.66-\i_.66.) \i_dioc`n`t`\mn dor\ncdbc`moc\ioc`PBN ja \ghjno `q`mt joc`m S`no`mi Apmjk`\i ^jpiomt+ =o km`n`io oc` nd* op\odjic\n\b\di^c\ib`_^jhkg`o`gtdioc\ooc`kmjk`indotajmOr`* _dncrjh`iojbdq`]dmocc\n_`^gdi`_q`mta\nojq`moc`g\noadq`t`\mn+ Pc` PBN m`\^c`_ oc` g`q`g ja .+2/ di .664) rcd^c ]t oc`i r\n oc` gjr`nog`q`g`q`mm`^jm_`_ajmOr`_`i+Jji`oc`g`nn)ocdndnnodggngdbcogt \]jq` oc` g`q`g ja oc` joc`m AQ ^jpiomd`n o\f`i ojb`oc`m+ Pc` nomjib q\md\odjidik`mdj_a`modgdot_pmdibhjno_`^\_`njaocdn^`iopmtno\i_n dinc\mk^jiom\noojoc`q`mthdijm^c\ib`noc\onja\m^\i]`j]n`mq`_ ajm^jhkg`o`_a`modgdotja^jcjmonjaOr`_dncrjh`i%n``)ajm`s\hkg`) I`dn\\md*Ljgn\\i_OÅ_`mnomÅh).662&+ Eiocdnn`^odji)r`rdggh\f`\ _``k`m`s\hdi\odjijaoc`^jhkji`ionjaoc`k`mdj_^c\ib`dia`modg* dot amjh .63. jir\m_n di oc\o r` _dnkg\t om`i_n di ]dmoc m\o`n ajm rjh`i \o _daa`m`io no\b`n di oc`dm a\hdgt*]pdg_dibkmj^`nn+ S` no\mo rdoc \ km`n`io\odji ja no\i_\m_dn`_ admno*]dmocm\o`n+

=i`nodh\odjijaadmno*]dmocdio`indod`najm\gg^jh]di\odjinjandibg` \b`n \i_ ^\g`i_\m t`\mn ncjrn oc\o oc`m` c\n ]``i rd_`gt _daa`mdib om`i_n]`or``itjpib`m\i_jg_`mrjh`idioc`kmjk`indotoj]`^jh` \ hjoc`m _pmdibjpm nop_t k`mdj_ %n`` =i_`mnnji) .666) Bdbpm` =g&+ Pc`om`i_nn`k\m\o`oc`\b`ndiojorjbmjpkn+Pc`t\m`q`mtndhdg\moj `\^c joc`m ajm \gg tjpib`m \b`n ja rjh`i %.3*/5 t`\mn& \i_ ocdn dn \gnj omp` ajm \gg \b`n ja rjh`i di oc` jg_`m k\mo ja oc` a`modg` t`\mn %0.*12 t`\mn&+ Kpm kpmkjn` dn oj km`n`io \ hjm` ^jhk\^oh`\npm` ja om`i_n di admno*]dmoc dio`indod`n oc\i oj _dnkg\t \gg ocdmot \b`*nk`^dad^ odh`n`md`n+S`_jocdn]t`nodh\odiborjn`onjano\i_\m_dn`_^\g`i_\m* t`\m di_`s`n ja admno*]dmoc m\o`n7 ji` di_`s ajm oc` bmjpk ja tjpib

(9)

^cdg_g`nnrjh`i\i_\ijoc`mdi_`sajmoc`dmjg_`m^jpio`mk\mon+ %Pc` _daa`mdibom`i_najmoc`n`orjbmjpknjarjh`ih\f`ndoi`^`nn\mtoj `nodh\o` n`k\m\o` hj_`gn ajm`\^c\b` bmjpk+&

Pc``nodh\o`_di_`s`najmoc`^\g`i_\mt`\mn \m`bdq`idiBdbpm`. \i_ ocdn _d\bm\hm`q`\gn \ ^g`\m k\oo`mijakjnokji`h`io jaoc` \b` \o `iomt dioj hjoc`mcjj_ \hjib Or`_dnc rjh`i+ Scdg` admno*]dmoc

Bdbpm` .+;eelXc `e[\o f]]`ijk(Y`ik_ iXk\j) Mn\[`j_ Z_`c[c\jj nfd\e' ,41,(,442' Yp ^iflg f]X^\j' jkXe[Xi[`j\[]fi \oXZk X^\)

.+1$ < .+/ * -+5 * =a_7 -+3 * -+1 * -+/ * Bu[njm8l_t[ndp_ni).Y44`klk[kbalkojk`kakm -+-h ?@ ?@ oj ?K ?@ di ?@ ?@

(10)

dio`indod`najmrjh`i\otjpib`m \b`na`gg]thjm`oc\iadaotk`m^`io ]`or``ioc`hd_*ndsod`n\i_oc`hd_*`dbcod`n)oc`n`m\o`nm`h\di`_\o \ m\oc`m no\]g` g`q`g ajm oc` bmjpk ja jg_`m rjh`i+ Bmjh oc` h d_* `dbcod`n oc`n` om`i_n ^c\ib`_ ^jhkg`o`gt+ Bdmno*]dmoc dio`indod`n ajm jg_`mrjh`ir`iopk ]t \mjpi_ 2- k`m^`io dig`nn oc\io`it`\mn+

Bdbpm` /+;eelXc `e[\o f]j\Zfe[(' k_`i[(' Xe[]flik_(Y`ik_ iXk\j) Mn\[`j_ dfk_\ij' ,41,(,442' Yp Y`ik_ fi[\i' jkXe[Xi[`j\[]fi X^\ f] dfk_\i Xe[ X^\ f]_\i pfle^\jk Z_`c[)

.+3 * .+ / * -+5 * -+3 * -+1 * Bjo -+/ * N[n_ml{f[ncp{n\m_]ih^\clnbmch ..64.4 -+-ci ?K ?@ H@ ?K ?@

(11)

Bjmoc`tjpib`mbmjpkjarjh`i)oc`a`modgdota\ggoc`i^\h`oj\i `i_\og`\noo`hkjm\mdgt+K]qdjpngt)\gjojaoc`^cdg_m`ioc\or`m`ijo ]jmi _pmdiboc` g\o` .64-n \i_ `\mgt .65-n r`m`ijr dino`\_ ]jmi\ _`^\_`g\o`m+ =nr`rdggn``]`gjr) oc``i_ jaoc`.65-nr\n\]\]t* ]jjh k`mdj_ rc`i]dmoc dio`indod`n di^m`\n`_ \gnj ajm joc`m rjh`i oc\i oc` jg_`m ipggdk\mjpn ji`n+ Eo dn m`h\mf\]g` oc\o ocdn ]jjh di ^cdg_]`\mdib`q`i no`hh`_amjh\idi^m`\n`_ kmjk`indot oj ]`^jh` hjoc`m\hjibtjpib`mrjh`i+ Pcdnk\m\gg`gdotdia`modgdotom`i_najm _daa`m`iobmjpkndnj]qdjpn\gnjajmoc`np]n`lp`ioa\ggdia`modgdotoc\o ojjf kg\^` di oc` .66-n+ Bdmno*]dmoc m\o`n jatjpib`m rjh`i opmi`_ _jri \gm`\_t \ao`m .66-) \i_ \ a`r t`\mn g\o`m do ]`^\h` ^g`\m oc\o oc`m\o`njajg_`mrjh`i_d_ijodi^m`\n`\ithjm``doc`m+=nr`rdgg n``) oc`t \m` \^^jhk\id`_ ]t a\ggdib ]dmoc m\o`n \hjib hjoc`mn \n r`gg+

S` ^jiodip`rdococ`km`n`io\odjija\i\iip\gdi_`sjan`^ji_*) ocdm_*) \i_ ajpmoc*]dmoc m\o`n di Bdbpm` /+ Pc`n` ]dmoc dio`indod`n \m` `nodh\o`_ ajm oc` q\mdjpn ^jh]di\odjin ja ^\g`i_\m t`\m \i_ ]dmoc jm_`m\i_\m`no\i_\m_dn`_ajm\b`jahjoc`m\i_\b`jac`mtjpib`no ^cdg_+ =gg m\o`n \m` bdq`i m`g\odq` oj n`^ji_*]dmoc m\o`n di .644+ Pc` Or`_dncorj*^cdg_ijmh dn`qd_`ioamjhocdn_d\bm\hdioc\ooc`g`q`gn jaocdm_* \i_ajpmoc*]dmocm\o`nb`i`m\ggt \m` g`nnoc\ic\gajaoc\oja n`^ji_*]dmoc m\o`n+ Pc` kmjk`indot oj bdq` ]dmoc dn `qd_`iogt hp^c cdbc`m ajm ji`*^cdg_ hjoc`mn oc\i ajm hjoc`mn rcj \gm`\_t c\q` \o g`\noorj^cdg_m`i+Pc`_daa`m`i^`dig`q`g]`or``iocdm_*\i_ajpmoc* ]dmocm\o`n dnijo \gg oc\o dhkjmo\io+

=^gjn`m`s\hdi\odjija^cdg_]`\mdibk\oo`minm`q`\gnoc\ooc``aa`^o ja\b`jahjoc`m\nr`gg\nja\b`jac`mtjpib`no^cdg_dnlpdo`_daa`* m`ioajmhjoc`mnrdocji`^cdg_amjhrc\ododnajmhjoc`mnrdocorj jm hjm` ^cdg_m`i %n`` = i_`mnnji) .666) Bdbpm`n =1 \i_ =2&+ Pc` kmjk`indot oj bdq` ]dmoc oj \ ocdm_ ^cdg_ dn) ajm `s\hkg`) nomjibgt ^jmm`g\o`_ rdocq`mttjpib \b`n ja \ orj*^cdg_ hjoc`m+ Pc`k\oo`mi ja]dmoc dio`mq\gn \gnj gjjf m\oc`m _daa`m`io \o _daa`m`io ]dmoc jm_`mn rdoc n`^ji_ ]dmocn ]`dib hjm` ^ji^`iom\o`_ oj oc` k`mdj_ rc`i oc` tjpib`no %admno& ^cdg_ dn \mjpi_ /+2*0t`\mn jg_+ Pcdnh`\in oc\o dodn ijo \kkmjkmd\o` oj dhkjn` \ ^jhhji k\oo`mi ja oc` `aa`^o ja oc`n` orj \b` q\md\]g`n %\b` ja hjoc`m \i_ \b` ja tjpib`no ^cdg_& ajm \gg otk`njahjoc`mndijpmno\i_\m_dn\odji+ Eoh pno]`]`oo`moj`nodh\o` \ n`k\m\o` hj_`g ajm `\^c ]dmoc jm_`m+ Ei Bdbpm` 0) r` km`n`io np^c `nodh\o`_]dmocm\o`najm]dmocjm_`mn/)0)\i_1)m`nk`^odq`gt+Bjm`\^c ]dmoc jm_`m) oc`n` m\o`n \m` no\i_\m_dn`_ ajm oc` dio`m\^odji `aa`^o ja \b`jahjoc`m\i_\b`jac`mtjpib`no^cdg_)\i_oc`t\m`bdq`im`g\odq`

(12)

ojoc`m\o`ndi.644+Pcdn_d\bm\hbdq`n\]`oo`m_`n^mdkodjioc\iBdbpm` / ja oc` a`modgdot om`i_n ajm `\^c ]dmoc jm_`m ]po _j`n ijo bdq` \it diajmh\odji\]jpo_daa`m`i^`ndig`q`gn]`or``ioc`q\mdjpn jm_`mn+

Bdbpm` 0+;eelXc `e[\o f]j\Zfe[(' k_`i[(' Xe[]flik_(Y`ik_ iXk\j) Mn\[`j_ dfk_\ij' ,41,(,442' Yp Y`ik_ fi[\i' jkXe[Xi[`j\[]fi X^\ f] dfk_\i Xe[ X^\ f]_\i pfle^\jk Z_`c[)

0+-P W B i c c l n b  \ cl n b b cl ^ clnb /+- * .+2 * * -+2 * N[n_Yl^f[ncp\ndi .644`ic`_{]b \clnb\l9F_%   %m_j[l[n_ g i^_fm`il_[]bil^_l&  E -+-HK ?@ ?@ ch K& K& ch --?P;

(13)

S`n``oc\ooc`kmjk`indotajmji`*^cdg_hjoc`mnojbdq`]dmocoj\ n`^ji_ ^cdg_ r\n a\dmgt no\]g` _pmdib oc` .63-n \i_ .64-n+ =o oc` ]`bdiidib ja oc` .65-n) ocdn no\]dgdot ^\h` oj \i `i_ rc`i n`^ji_* ]dmoc m\o`n di^m`\n`_ ]t \mjpi_ 2- k`m^`io piodg .66-+ >dmoc m\o`n ja cdbc`m jm_`mn c\q` ]``i pi_`m ^jino\io ^c\ib` _pmdib oc` rcjg` nop_t k`mdj_) \gocjpbc \o hp^c gjr`m g`q`gn oc\i ocjn` ja n`^ji_ ]dmocn %Bdbpm` /&+ Pcdm_* \i_ ajpmoc*]dmoc m\o`n a`gg no``kgt amjh oc` hd_*ndsod`n pk oj .644 di \ kmj^`nn oc\o h\t k`mc\kn ]` n``i \n \ ^jiodipjpn nom`iboc`idib ja oc` or j*^cdg_ ijmh  \h jib Or`_dnc k\m`ion+ =ao`m .644) oc` orj ^pmq`n ^c\ib`_ _dm`^odji \i_ ajggjr`_ oc`di^m`\ndibn`^ji_*]dmocm\o`npkr\m_n+Pc`kmjk`indotoj^jiodip` oc` ^cdg_]`\mdib ]`tji_ oc` g`q`g ja orj ^cdg_m`idi^m`\n`_ rdocjpo dio`mmpkodji amjh .644 oj .66- nj oc\o do c\_ m`opmi`_ oj don h d_* ndsod`n g`q`gn dioc` g\oo`m t`\m+ Pc` om`i_n diocdm_* \i_ ajpmoc*]dmoc m\o`n c\q` ]``i \ghjno d_`iod^\g oj `\^c joc`m _pmdib \gg t`\mn amjh oc` hd_*ndsod`n jir\m_n+ @pmdiboc`adi\gt`\mn ja jpm nop_t k`mdj_) oc`]dmocm\o`nc\q`a\gg`iajm\ggjaoc`n`ocm``]dmocjm_`mn+Pc`_`^dndq` opmidibkjdio^\h`di.66-ajmn`^ji_]dmocn) di.66. ajmocdm_]dmocn) \i_ di .66/ ajm ajpmoc ]dmocn+ Pc`n` ]dmoc m\o`n c\q` a\gg`i pidio`m* mpko`_gt ndi^` oc`i \i_ do dn jigt di .664 oc\o oc` k\^` ja _`^gdi` n``hn oj c\q` ]``i ngdbcogt hjm` h j_`m\o` oc\i ]`ajm`) kjnnd]gt di_d^\odib\apopm`g`q`ggdibjaadia`modgdotg`q`gn+

Eo dn `qd_`io oc\o oc` kmjk`indot ja Or`_dnc hjoc`mn oj ^jiodip` oc`dm ^cdg_]`\mdib di^m`\n`_ q`mt a\no _pmdib oc` .65-n+ = bm`\o k\mo jaocdn di^m`\n` dn^g`\mgt _p`oj \ np__`i^c\ib` dioc` h\ii`m oc\o Or`_dncrjh`io`i_ojnk\^`oc`dm]dmocn+Pc`o`hkjja^cdg_]`\mdib di^m`\n`_ di oc` hd_*.65-n nj oc\o oc` dio`mq\gn ]`or``i np^^`nndq` ]dmocn]`^\h`hp^cncjmo`moc\i]`ajm`+Dj`h%.660]&c\n_`n^md]`_ cjr ocdn ^c\ib` di]`c\qdjpm r\n _p` oj \ q`mt nomjib m`nkjin` oj njh`m\oc`mhdijm^c\ib`ndikp]gd^ kjgd^d`n _pmdibocdnk`mdj_+ Pc` ^mp^d\g a\^ojm n``hn oj ]` oc` mpg`n ajm `gdbd]dgdot oj \ k`mdj_ jak\d_ k\m`io\gg`\q`\ao`moc`]dmocja\^cdg_+=i_`mnnji%.666&\gnj_`n^md]`n cjr oc`n` ^c\ib`n di oc` nk``_ km`h dph  ji oc` i`so ^cdg_ ) c\q` \aa`^o`_]dmocm\o`njahjoc`mn\o_daa`m`io_pm\odjinamjhoc`]dmocja oc`dmtjpib`no^cdg_+=ao`moc`hd_*.65-n)Or`_dnchjoc`mnc\q`hp^c hjm` jao`i oc\i ]`ajm` o`i_`_ oj bdq` ]dmoc oj \ n`^ji_ jm \ ocdm_ ^cdg_ g`nn oc\i 0- hjiocn \ao`m oc` ]dmoc ja oc` km`^`_dib ^cdg_ %=i* _`mnnji) .666)Bdbpm`n2 \i_3&+ S`hdbconk`^pg\o`oc\ooc``aa`^oja ^c\ib`n di kp]gd^ kjgd^d`n _pmdib oc`n` t`\mn r\n nj nomjib ndhkgt ]`^\pn` oc`t h\i\b`_ oj \^^`iop\o` \ om`i_ oc\o r\n pi_`mr \t di \it ^\n`+ = k\oo`mi ja ncjmo`m ]dmoc dio`mq\gn h dbco \itcjr  ]` k`m^`dq`_\nkm`a`m\]g`ajmnjh`bmjpknjarjh`i)`nk`^d\ggtajmocjn`

(14)

rcjomd`n oj^jh]di`\rjmf^\m``mrdoca\hdgtgda` \i_k\m`iocjj_+ O`^ji_*) ocdm_*) \i_ ajpmoc*]dmoc m\o`n c\q` _`^gdi`_ np]no\iod\ggt _pmdibm`^`iot`\mn]po ocdn c\n ijo^\pn`_ oc` i`r k\oo`mi ja]dmoc nk\^dibojq\idnc+Eino`\_)don``hnojc\q`]`^jh`m\oc`madmhgt`no\* ]gdnc`_)`q`i\n]dmocm\o`njahjoc`mnc\q`]``ia\ggdibajm\gg\b`nja oc` km`qdjpn ^cdg_ %=i_`mnnji) .666) Bdbpm`n 2 \i_ 3&+

= apmoc`m a`\opm` ja ^cdg_]`\mdib di Or`_`i dn oc\o do di g\mb` iph]`mnj^^pmnjpond_`h\mmd\b`+ Eioc`.66-n)\h\ejmdotja^cdg_m`i c\q`]``i]jmiojpir`_hjoc`mn+Pcdn_j`nijo\o\ggh`\ioc\ododn `nk`^d\ggt ^jhhji oc\o ^cdg_m`i \m` ]jmi oj ndibg` hjoc`mn ]po dn dino`\_ \ m`npgo jaoc` q`mt cdbckm`q\g`i^` jadiajmh\g ^jc\]do\odji \hjibOr`_dnc^jpkg`n+ I\itk`jkg`diOr`_`ioj_\t_ji$opi_`m* no\i_rctoc`ajmh\odjija\pidjincjpg_c\q`ojdiqjgq`\pocjmdod`n np^c\n oc`Oo\o`jmoc` ?cpm^c\i_ oc`kjkpg\mdotjah\mmd\b`\n\i dinodopodjiajm^jiepb\ggda`c\n^jin`lp`iogt_`^m`\n`_\nr`rdggnjji n`` dijpmi`son`^odji+ Pc`mdndibkjkpg\mdotja^jc\]do\odji) \og`\no di`\mgd`mkc\n`njaoc`a\h dgt*]pdg_dibkmj^`nn) h`\inoc\o\otkd^\g k\oo`mijaa\hdgtajmh\odjidiOr`_`iijr\_\tn^jindnonja^jc\]do* \odjiajggjr`_]toc`]dmocja^cdg_m`i\i_)dinjh`^\n`n)`q`iop\ggt ]t h\mmd\b`+

Pm`i_ndih\mmd\b`ajmh\odji%.64.*.664&

Bjm \i \i\gtndn ja h\mmd\b` dio`indod`n ajm Or`_dnc rjh`i dorjpg_ c\q`]``i_`ndm\]g`ojc\q`\^^`nn\gnjojdiajmh\odji\]jpodiajmh\g gdqdib \mm\ib`h`ion) np^c \n ^jc\]do\odji) `nk`^d\ggt ndi^` oc`t \m` np^c\rd_`nkm`\_kc`ijh`ijidiocdn^jpiomt+Pc`^jin`inp\gpidji dn ijr\_\tn \ qd\]g` \go`mi\odq` oj h\mmd\b` \n \i \mm\ib`h `io ja a\hdgt gda`) ]po do ^\i \gnj kg\t oc` mjg` ja \ km`gp_` oj ajmh\g h\m* md\b`+Eiajmh\odji\]jpo^jc\]do\odjirjpg_m`npgodi\_``k`mpi_`m* no\i_dibjaoc`pidji*ajmh\odjikmj^`nndidon]mj\_`mn`in`+Eorjpg_ \gnj bdq` \ ]`oo`m pi_`mno\i_dib ja oc` h\mmd\b` kmj^`nn don`ga ndi^` oc` kmj]\]dgdot ja h \mmtdib dn cdbcgt _`k`i_`io ji r c`oc`m \i di_dqd_p\g dn ^jc\]dodib jm ijo8 h\mmd\b`n di Or`_`i \m` ijr\_\tn hjnogtajmh`_]t k`mnjinrcj \gm`\_t gdq` ojb`oc`m+ Qiajmopi\o`gt) jpm m`bdno`m _\o\ ^jio\di ij np^c diajmh\odji+ Eo ^jpg_ ]` j]o\di`_ amjhjoc`m _\o\ njpm^`n) np^c\n^`inpnjmnpmq`t _\o\)]po^\ioc`i i`q`m^jq`moc`rcjg`Or`_dnckjkpg\odjijq`mgjibk`mdj_njaodh` \i_^\ioc`m`ajm`ijo]`pn`_di\k`mdj_\i\gtndngdf`jpmn)jaom`i_n di h\mmd\b` ajmh\odji+ Kpm kpmkjn` dn dino`\_ oj km`n`io \ _`o\dg`_ kd^opm`jah\mmd\b`*mdnfom`i_n]\n`_ji\i`aad^d`iopn`jaoc`diajm*

(15)

h\odji \q\dg\]g` di `sdnodib qdo\g no\odnod^n+ O`` Dj`h %.662\& ajm \ hjm` b`i`m\gjq`mqd`rjam`^`io^c\ib`ndia\hdgt*ajmh\odji]`c\q* djpm diOr`_`i+

Ei Bdbpm` 1) r` km`n`io \i \iip\g di_`s ja h \mmd\b`*ajmh \odji mdnfn ajm i`q`m*h \mmd`_ Or`_dnc rjh`i+ Pcdn bdq`n \ ^jhk\^o _`* n^mdkodjijaOr`_dnch\mmd\b`om`i_ndi.64.*.664+Pc`h\mmd\b`mdnfn \m` bdq`i m`g\odq` oj oc` ]\n`gdi` t`\m .65- \i_ \m` no\i_\m_dn`_ ajm oc` `aa`^o ja rjh \i$n k\mdot \i_ c`m \b`+ Pc` kmjk`indot oj h\mmt `scd]don \ no`\_dgt _`^m`\ndib om`i_ _pmdibhjno jaocdn odh` k`mdj_8 oc`_`^m`\n`r\nnomjib`no_pmdiboc`.64-n)rc`m`oc`h\mmd\b`mdnf _`^gdi`_ ]t hjm` oc\i 2- k`m ^`io) ]po oc` _`^m`\n` dn `qd_`io \gnj _pmdib oc` admno c\ga ja oc` .65-n \i_ _pmdib oc` .66-n+ Pcdn b`i`m\g _`^m`\n`^jdi^d_`nrdoc\idi^m`\n`_km`q\g`i^`jadiajmh\g^jc\]do\* odji \hjib Or`_dnc ^jpkg`n _pmdib oc` nop_t k`mdj_+ Eo ^\i c`i^` hjnogt ]` dio`mkm`o`_ \n `qd_`i^` ja \ _`^m`\n` di oc` kjkpg\mdot ja h\mmd\b`\noc`njg`dinodopodjiajma\hdgtgda`+Pjnjh``so`io)cjr`q`m) dohdbco\gnj]`^jii`^o`_rdoc\b`i`m\gkjnokji`h`iojaoc`\b`\o h\mmd\b`+ Ei jm_`m oj `s\hdi` oc` `aa`^on janp^c\ kjnokji`h`ioji m`g\odq` mdnfn ja h\mmd\b` ajmh\odji) r` c\q` `nodh\o`_ mdnfn ]t \b` \i_^\g`i_\mt`\m %ijoncjri&+Pc`hjnonomdfdibm`npgoamjhnp^c\i diq`nodb\odji dn cjr`q`m oc\o oc` h\mmd\b` mdnfn \^op\ggt \m` _`^m`\* ndib\o\gg\b`n+

S` ^\i apmoc`m ijod^` orj _dnodi^o _`qd\odjin amjh oc` om`i_ ja _`^m`\ndibmdnfn7 \ nh\gg di^m`\n` di oc` kmjk`indot oj h\mmt di .641 \i_ \ q`mt nomjib di^m`\n` di .656+ Pc` hdijm di^m`\n` di h\mmd\b` mdnfdi.641h\t]`^jii`^o`_ojoc`_`q`gjkh`ioja_dqjm^`n_pmdib oc` n\h` t`\m+ Pc` iph]`m ja _dqjm^`n oc`i di^m`\n`_ np]no\iod\ggt %n`` jpm i`so n`^odji ji _dqjm^` mdnfn& \n \ m`npgo ja gd]`m\gdndib g`bdng\odq`^c\ib`n+ =n \m`npgo) oc` h\mmd\b` h\mf`om`^`dq`_ \g\mb` iph]`mjai`rgt_dqjm^`_di_dqd_p\gnrcjoc`i]`^\h`am``ojh\mmt+ Ei oc` n\h ` t`\m) oc` kmj^`_pm`n ajm h \mmd\b` ajmh \odji r `m` ndhkgdad`_ \n r`gg+ Pcdn h\t) \o g`\no o`hkjm\mdgt) c\q` h\_` h \m* md\b` hjm` kjkpg\m \n \idinodopodji+

Pc` nc\mk di^m`\n` di oc` kmjk`indot oj h\mmt j]n`mq`_ ajm .656 r\n \ m`npgo ja ^c\ib`n di oc` mpg`n ^ji^`midib oc` kp]gd^ rd_jr$n k`indjin oc\o ]`^\h` `aa`^odq` amjh .66-+ Pc`n` ^c\ib`n h \_` do \_q\io\b`jpn ajm njh` bmjpkn ja %hjnogt `g_`mgt& rjh`i oj h\mmt ]`ajm`oc``i_ja.656+Pc`m`npgor\noc\o\cpb`iph]`mja^jc\]dodib ^jpkg`n np__`igt _`^d_`_ojom\inajmhoc`dmdiajmh\gpidjindiojg`* b\g h\mmd\b`n+ Pc`kmjk`indotojh\mmtnftmj^f`o`_ajm\gg bmjpkn ja ^jc \] dodi b  r jh `i) m` b \ m_ g`nn ja r c ` oc `m oc`t ^jpg_ ] `i `ado `^jijhd^\ggt amjh  h \mmtdib ]`ajm` oc` `i_ ja .656 jm ijo+ Pcdn

(16)

om`h`i_jpndi^m`\n`dioc`kmjk`indotojh\mmtdn \^g`\m_`hjinom\* odjijacjrgdbcogtOr`_dnc^jpkg`nb`i`m\ggto\f`oc`^cjd^`]`or``i h\mmd\b`\i_ijih\mmd\b`+O``Dj`h%.66.]&ajm\apmoc`m_`n^mdkodji+

Eioc`i`sono`k jajpmkm`n`io\odji) r`r\iooj nc`_apmoc`mgdbco jiq\mdjpn^jhkji`ionjaoc`h\mmd\b`*mdnfom`i_ndioc\or`^\g^pg\o` n`k\m\o`^\g`i_\m*t`\mdi_`s`najm`\^ck\mdotbmjpkjai`q`m*h \mmd`_ rjh`i+ %Pcdn ^jmm`nkji_n oj `nodh\odib \ hj_`g rc`m` oc` a\^ojmn k\mdot \i_ ^\g`i_\mt`\m\m` ^jh]di`_ dioj ji`^jhkjndo`a\^ojm+& Ei ocdn^\n`)r`km`n`iomdnfnjah\mmd\b`ajmh\odjim`g\odq`oj\]\n`gdi` g`q`g^jindnodibjaji`*^cdg_hjoc`mndi.65-+Pc`n`di_`s`n\m`ncjri di Bdbpm` 2 \i_ r` ]`bdi ]t opmidib jpm \oo`iodji oj oc` di_`s`n ja .656 ndi^`oc`t \m` np^c\ _jhdi\ioa`\opm` jaoc` _d\bm\h+ Eodn `qd* _`iooc\ooc`np__`idi^m`\n`dioc`kmjk`indotojh\mmt_pmdib.656 h\digtr\n\^^jpio\]g`ojrjh`irdoc^cdg_m`i+Pc`di^m`\n`dimdnfn ajm hjoc`mn dn nj nomjib oc\o oc`dm di_`s`n ephk jpond_` \ _d\bm\h rc`m` r` \gnj r\io oj ]` \]g` oj om\^` oc` h\mmd\b` om`i_n _pmdib hjm` ijmh\g t`\mn7 ajm rjh`i rdoc orj ^cdg_m`i jm hjm` oc` h \m* md\b`mdnfdi^m`\n`_oj\]jpoo`iodh`noc`g`q`gjaoc`h\mmd\b`mdnfja ^cdg_g`nn rjh`i+ S` fijr oc\o h jno i`q`m*h \mmd`_ h joc`mn di Or`_`igdq`di^jin`inp\gpidjinnjr`h\t^ji^gp_`oc\ooc`di^m`\n` dioc`kmjk`indotojh\mmt_pmdib.656h\digtdn\^^jpio\]g`ojrjh`i rcj\gm`\_tgdq`_di\a\hdgt)d+`+)hjm`jmg`nn \nh\mmd`_ +Pc`a\^o oc\o oc` h\mmd\b` mdnf \gnj di^m`\n`_ r doc oc` iph ]`m ja ^cdg_m`i npbb`nonoc\o\g\mb`miph]`m ja^cdg_m`ib\q` nomjib`m di^`iodq`noj m`\^odi jm_`m oj kmjqd_` \ ndop\odjiajm oc` hjoc`m \i_ c`m^cdg_m`i oc\or\n k`m^`dq`_ \n `^jijhd^\ggt hjm` n`^pm`+

S` ^\i apmoc`m ijo` oc\o oc` gjib*o`mh  om`i_ ja \ ^jiodipjpngt _`^m`\ndibkmjk`indotojh\mmt%Bdbpm`1&dnh\digt_p`oj_`^m`\ndib h\mmd\b` mdnfn ajmrjh`irdocjpo^cdg_m`i+ Pcdn dn i\opm\g ndi^` oc` ojo\gbmjpkjai`q`m*h\mmd`_rjh`idn_jhdi\o`_]t^cdg_g`nnrjh`i+ Pc`_`^m`\n`dih\mmd\b`mdnfja^cdg_g`nnrjh`ir\n`nk`^d\ggtno``k _pmdiboc`.64-n\i_oc`]`bdiidibjaoc`.65-n]poc\n]``i`qd_`io \gnj _pmdiboc`.66-n+ Pm`i_ndih\mmd\b`dio`indod`najmrjh`irdoc ^cdg_m`i _j ijo `scd]do oc` n\h` k\oo`mi ja no``kgt _`^m`\ndib mdnfn _pmdiboc``\mgtk\mojaoc`k`mdj_+ =n\m`npgo)amjhoc`]`bdiidibja oc` .65-n \ghjno c\ga ja oc` \iip\g h\mmd\b`n m`^jm_`_ di jpm _\o\ n`o\m`ajmh`_ ]trjh`ircj \m` hjoc`mn \gm`\_t+ Pcdn h`\in oc\o ^cdg_]`\mdib otkd^\ggt c\n no\mo`_ oj km`^`_` h\mmd\b`+ =k\mo amjh oc` om`h`i_jpn pknpmb` di h\mmd\b` mdnfn oj hjoc`mn di .656) oc`n` mdnfn \m` ^c\m\^o`mdn`_ ]t \ m`g\odq`gt nomjib di^m`\n` \gnj di .641) rdoc\ao`m*`aa`^onajm\^jpkg`jat`\mn)\i_]t_`^m`\ndibg`q`gn_pmdib oc` .66-n+

(17)

Bdbpm` 1+; eelXc `e[\o f]dXii`X^\(i`jb c\m\c) H\m\i dXii`\[ Mn\[`j_ nfd\e' ,42,(,442' jkXe[Xi[`j\[]fi gXi`kp Xe[ X^\)

)%i $^

'%,$

(18)

nk.6Y-Bdbpm` 2+; eelXc `e[\o f]dXii`X^\(i`jb c\m\c) H\m\i dXii`\[ Mn\[`j_ nfd\e' ,42,(,442' Yp gXi`kp' jkXe[Xi[`j\[]fi X^\)

)%,E  j[lcns- j[lcns .  j[lcns/  j[lcns0 -+2 *s Ncmemdl_f[ncp_ni8ih_*]bcf^ginb_lmch.65-HK jj E@ lv*+ i j

(19)

Bdbpm`1) ;eelXc `e[\o f]i\dXii`\[(i`jb c\m\c) @`ijk([`mfiZ\[ Mn\[`j_

nfd\e' ,42,(,442' Yp gXi`kp)jkXe[Xi[`j\[]fi X^\ Xe[ k`d\ j`eZ\

[`mfiZ\) 1+-P hi ]bcf^  ]bcf^ `lig jl_pciom g[ll+ , hi h _q ]bcf^  h_q  ]bcf^ [`n_lnb_ ^ cpil]_ 0+2 * 0+- * , /+2 * /+- * -+2 * ]bcf^clig jl_p+ g[ll),hih_q]b Ncmeml_f[ncp_ -+-VA ?K HKK

(20)

Pc`pknpmb`dih\mmd\b`ndi.641hdbco]`^jii`^o`_ojoc`k\m\gg`g di^m`\n` di m`bdno`m`_ _dqjm^`n di oc` n\h` t`\m+ I\it ja oc` oc`i _dqjm^`_di_dqd_p\gnh\t\gm`\_tc\q`]``i^jc\]dodibrdoc\ijoc`m k\moi`m) kjnnd]gt \gnj rdoc^cdg_m`idioc\opidji+

L\oo`min\i_g`q`gnjamdnfnajmoc`q\mdjpnk\mdotbmjpknjai`q`m* h\mmd`_ hjoc`mn \m`m\oc`mk\m\gg`g oj `\^cjoc`m ocmjpbcjpooc` k`* mdj_ ja j]n`mq\odji8 oc` gdi` ja _`h\m^\odji bj`n ]`or``i hjoc`mn \i_ ^cdg_g`nn rjh`i+ Eo dn `qd_`io oc\ooc` kmjk`indot oj h\mmt ijr dn np]no\iod\ggt gjr`majm^cdg_g`nnrjh`ioc\idodnajmrjh`irdoc ^cdg_m`i+ Pc` `g`q\o`_ h \mmd\b` dio`indod`n ajm h joc`mn h pno ]` ^jii`^o`_ rdoc oc` a\^o oc\o \ h\ejmdot ja oc`n` rjh`i \gm`\_t gdq` di^jin`inp\gpidjin+ S`^\iapmoc`mijo`oc\ooc`h\mmd\b`mdnfnajm hjoc`mn\m`ijohp^c\aa`^o`_]toc`\^op\giph]`mja^cdg_m`i8amjh .65-jir\m_noc`m`\m`km\^od^\ggtij_daa`m`i^`n\o\ggdioc`kmjk`in* dotojh\mmt]`or``ihjoc`mnja_daa`m`iok\mdod`n+ >t^jiom\no)dioc` .64-n)oc`kmjk`indotajm\hjoc`mojh\mmtr\ngjr`moc`hjm`^cdg_* m`i nc` c\_+ Ea oc` j]n`mq`_ `aa`^o ja oc` iph]`m ja ^cdg_m`i ji oc` kmjk`indot oj h\mmt h\digt dn \^^jpio\]g` oj oc` ]`c\qdjpm \i_ \oo* dop_`n ja ^jc\]dodib rjh`i) oc` k\oo`mi amjh oc` `\mgt .64-n ^jpg_ k`mc\kn ]` dio`mkm`o`_ \n oc` `aa`^o ja n`g`^odji dioj h\mmd\b` \i_ ^jc\]do\odji _pmdib \ kc\n` rc`i gdqdib di \ ^jin`inp\g pidji r\n nodggijo\q`mt^jhhjiajmhjaa\hdgtgda`+S`nk`^pg\o`oc\orjh`i rcjr`m`^jc\]dodib_pmdiboc`.64-n)\i_rcj\gnjc\_\m`g\odq`gt cdbciph]`m ja^cdg_m`i) h\t c\q` ]``ihjm` _`gd]`m\o`gt jkkjn`_ oj h\mmd\b` \n \ a\hdgt dinodopodjioc\ir`m` ndhdg\m rjh`idig\o`m t`\mn+

=n`k\m\o`\i\gtndnjaoc`mdnfnjah\mmd\b`ajmh\odjiajmoc`%nh\g* g`m& bmjpk ja_dqjm^`_rjh`im`q`\gnoc\ooc`k\oo`mi\i_ _`o`mhdi* \ion ajm oc`dm mdnfn \m` m\oc`m _daa`m`ioamjh ndhdg\m k\oo`min \i_ _`* o`mhdi\ionajmoc`h\mmd\b`dio`indod`njai`q`m*h \mmd`_rjh`i+Bdmno) r`fijroc\ooc`m`g\odq`m\o`ja_`^gdi` _pmdiboc` .64-n r\n nh\g* g`majmoc`dio`indod`nja_dqjm^`_rjh`ioc\idor\najmocjn`jai`q`m* h\mmd`_rjh`i %n``=i_`mnnji) .665\)Bdbpm`1&+ Pc`m`\njiajmocdn dn oc\o oc` kmjk`indot oj h \mmt r\n oc`i \gm`\_t hp^c gjr`m ajm _dqjm^`_rjh`ioc\iajmoc`i`q`m*h\mmd`_)rcd^cnpbb`nonoc\ooc` ajmh`m bmjpk \^o`_ \n ajm`mpii`mn di ^cjjndib oj gdq` di ^jin`inp\g pidjin %dino`\_ ja m`h\mmtdib&+ O`^ji_) oc` `aa`^o ja k\mdot ji oc` kmjk`indot oj h \mmt dn _daa`m`io ajm i`q`m*h \mmd`_ \i_ _dqjm^`_ rjh`i+Bjm_dqjm^Ä`n)=i_`mnnji%.665\&ajpi_oc\ododnijonpaad^d`io oj ^jind_`m oc` \^op\g iph ]`m ja ^cdg_m`i \ r jh \i c\n ]jmi` ]po oc\ododndino`\_dhkjmo\ioojn`k\m\o`]`or``i_daa`m`iootk`nja^cdg_* m`i \^^jm_dib oj rc`i oc`t \m` ]jmi+ Eo dn ajpi_ oc\o ^cdg_m`i rcj

(21)

\m`]jmi]`ajm`oc`_\o`ja_dqjm^`)d+`+)^cdg_m`iamjh\km`qdjpnpidji) \m`m`g\o`_ojgjr`mm`h\mmd\b`dio`indod`njaoc`dmhjoc`mn+Op^c^cdg_* m`i km`nph\]gt m`npgo di njh` otk`n ja _daad^pgod`n di oc` h\mmd\b` h\mf`o+Kioc`joc`mc\i_)daoc`m`\m`^cdg_m`i]jmi\ao`moc`_dqjm^` _\o`) hjoc`mn jaoc`n` ^cdg_m`i \m` ajpi_ oj c\q` cdbc`m m`h\mmd\b` dio`indod`n oc\i joc`m bmjpkn ja rjh`i+ Pc`n` ^cdg_m`i ^\i di hjno ^\n`n ]` o\f`i \n \i di_d^\ojm oc\o oc` rjh\i c\n h`o \ i`r k\mo* i`m) \a\^ooc\ordggm`npgodi\cdbc`mkmjk`indotajmh\mmd\b`+ =najm oc`h\mmd\b`dio`indod`njai`q`m*h \mmd`_rjh`ioc`m`dnijdhkjmo\io `aa`^ojaoc`\^op\giph]`mja^cdg_m`ijaoc`orjotk`n)oc`jigtoc\o h\oo`mndnrc`oc`m^cdg_m`i\m`km`n`iojmijo\i_rc`oc`mi`r^cdg_* m`ic\q` ]``i]jmi\ao`moc` _dqjm^`+

Ear` _j ijo\^^jpioajmoc` _daa`m`iodhk\^ojioc` kmjk`indot oj h\mmt amjh ^cdg_m`i ]jmi ]`ajm` \i_ \ao`m oc` _dqjm^`) r` rdgg adi_ oc \o _dqjm^`_ oc m``*^c dg_  h joc`mn c\q` h p^c cdbc`m h \mmd\b` dio`indod`noc\ijoc`mbmjpknjarjh`i%n``=i_`mnnji).665\)Bdbpm` 2&+ Aqd_`iogt) ocdm_]dmocn \i_]dmocn jacdbc`m jm_`mn m`g\odq`gt jao`i j^^pm di ^jii`^odji rdoc oc` ajmh\odji ja cdbc`m*jm_`m pidjin) d+`+) \n k\mo ja \ m`k\moi`mdib kmj^`nn+

?jin`lp`iogt) ajm jpm km`n`io\odji ja \i \iip\g di_`s ja m`h \m* md\b`mdnfn)r`_dnodibpdnc]`or``iocm``bmjpknja_dqjm^`_rjh`i+ Pc`admnobmjpkdnrjh`irdocjpo^cdg_m`i+Pc`n`^ji_bmjpk^jindnon jarjh`i rcj c\q` ji` jm hjm` ^cdg_m`iamjh oc`dm km`qdjpn h \m* md\b` ]po rcj c\q` ijo ]jmi` \it i`r ^cdg_m`i ndi^` oc` odh` ja _dqjm^`+ N`h\mmd\b` mdnfn \m` \]jpo ocdmot k`m ^`io gjr`m ajm oc`n` rjh`i oc\i ajm rjh`i ja k\mdot u`mj+ Pc` ocdm_ bmjpk ^jindnon ja r jh `i rcj c\q` ]jmi` ji` jm hjm` ^cdg_m`i \ao`m oc` _dqjm^`+ N`h\mmd\b`mdnfnajmoc`n`rjh`i\m`\]jpoadaotk`m^`iocdbc`moc\i ajm rjh`i ja k\mdot u`mj+ S` km`n`io oc` ^\g`i_\m*t`\m di_`s`n ja m`h\mmd\b` mdnfn ja Or`_dnc rjh`i \^^jm_dib oj ocdn k\mdot _`adid* odji di Bdbpm`3+ %Pc`n` m`h\mmd\b` dio`indod`n \m` no\i_\m_dn`_ ajm \b`\o_dqjm^`\i_odh`ndi^`_dqjm^`+&Pc`_`km`nn`_mdnfajmrjh`i rdoc ^cdg_m`i amjh \ ajmh`m h\mmd\b` ]po ij \__dodji\g ^cdg_m`i dn c`m`q`mtj]qdjpn)\ndnoc`di^m`\n`_mdnfajmrjh`ircjc\q`]jmi` i`r ^cdg_m`i \ao`m oc` _dnmpkodji ja oc`dm km`qdjpn h\mmd\b`+ Pc` kmjk`indotojm`h\mmt _`^m`\n`_ np]no\iod\ggtajm^cdg_g`nn _dqjm^Ä`n _pmdib oc` .64-n) joc`mrdn` oc` m`g\odji]`or``im`h\mmd\b` mdnfn ja jpm ocm`` k \ mdot  b mjpkn ja r jh `i c\q` ]``i h p^c oc` n\h ` ocmjpbcjpo hjno ja jpm k`mdj_ ja j]n`mq\odji+ Pc` pknpmb` di oc` kmjk`indot oj h\mmt di.656 dn ^ji^`iom\o`_ oj rjh`irdoc^cdg_m`i ]jmi \ao`m oc` _dqjm^`+ Pcdn adon r`gg r doc jpm ijodji oc\o do r\n kmdh\mdgt ajm rjh`i di ^jin`inp\g pidjin oc\o h\mmd\b` mdnfn mjn`

(22)

_pmdibocdnt`\m+Ei^jiom\nooji`q`m*h \mmd`_rjh`i)r`_jcjr`q`m \gnj ijod^` \i di^m`\n` di oc` kmjk`indot oj h\mmt di .656 ajm ocjn` rcj \m` ^cdg_g`nn+

Eioc`i`son`^odjijaocdnk\k`m)r`rdggadi\ggt_`\grdococ`^dqdg* no\opn `q`io oc\o hpno km`^`_` oc` kjnnd]g` `q`io jam`h\mmd\b`+ S` rdggdiocdn n`^odji\i\gtn`om`i_ndi_dqjm^`mdnfnajmrjh`idioc`dm admno h\mmd\b`+

Pm`i_ndih\mmd\b`_dnnjgpodji%.64.*.664&

EiBdbpm`4)r`km`n`io\i\iip\gdi_`sja_dqjm^`mdnfnjaadmno*h\mmd`_ Or`_dnc rjh`i+ Pc` _dqjm^` mdnfn \m` bdq`i m`g\odq` oj oc` ]\n`gdi` t`\m.65-\i_\m`no\i_\m_dn`_ajmoc``aa`^oja^jhkjndodji\g^c\ib`n jq`m \ iph]`m ja _`hjbm\kcd^ q\md\]g`n7 rjh\i$n \b` \o h\mmd\b`) c`mk\mdot)oc`\b`jac`mtjpib`no^cdg_)oc`km`n`i^`ja\km`h\mdo\g ^cdg_) \i_oc` _pm\odjijah\mmd\b`+ Eobdq`n \^jhk\^o_`n^mdkodjija m`^`ioom`i_ndioc`kmjk`indotoj_dqjm^`diOr`_`i+Bdmno)r`^\in`` cjroc`_dqjm^`mdnfdi^m`\n`_oj\mjpi_ord^`donkm`qdjpng`q`grc`i gd]`m\g^c\ib`n]`^\h` `aa`^odq` di.641dioc` g`bdng\odji^ji^`midib h\mmd\b` \i_ _dqjm^` di Or`_`i+ J j*a\pgo _dqjm^` r\n oc`i diomj* _p^`_\i_)\hjibjoc`mocdibn)oc`r\dodibodh`ajm_dqjm^`r\n\]jg* dnc`_ajm^cdg_g`nn^jpkg`n\i_ncjmo`i`_oj\k`mdj_jandshjiocnajm ^jpkg`n rdoc ^cdg_m`i+ %Aq`i ]`ajm` .641) oc` Or`_dnc _dqjm^` mpg`n r`m` m\oc`m gd]`m\g+& =ao`m \ k`mdj_ ja no\bi\odji _pmdib oc` t`\mn dhh`_d\o`gt \ao`m .641) oc` _dqjm^` mdnfn no`\_dgt di^m`\n`_ amjh oc` ]`bdiidib ja oc` .65-n pk ocmjpbc oc` .66-n+ Pcdn b`i`m\g di^m`\n` c\n ]``i `nk`^d\ggt no``k amjh oc` `i_ jaoc` .65-n \i_ do dn jigt di jpm g\no t`\m ja j]n`mq\odji) di .664) oc\o r` ^\i ijod^` \ kjnnd]g` g`q`ggdibjaadioc`g\o`nodi^m`\n`diOr`_dnc_dqjm^`mdnfn+

Pjnc`_hjm`gdbcojiocdnom`i_)r`km`n`iono\i_\m_dn`_^\g`i_\m* t`\m di_`s`n ajm `\^c k\mdot bmjpk n`k\m\o`gt di Bdbpm`5+ N`g\odq` mdnfn \m` ijr ^jhkpo`_ rdoc oc` ^jh]di\odji jat`\m .65- \i_ k\m* dot . \n oc` ]\n`gdi` g`q`g %ajm r cd^c oc` m`g\odq` mdnf dn .&+ Pcdn no\i_\m_dn\odji c\n ]``i k`majmh `_ di orj no`kn+ Bdmno) r` c\q` `nodh\o`_ \ hj_`g rc`m` r` ^\g^pg\o`_ _dqjm^` mdnfn ]t k\mdot \i_ ^\g`i_\mt`\moc\o\m`no\i_\m_dn`_ajmrjh\i$n\b`\oh\mmd\b`\i_ oc` _pm\odji ja h\mmd\b`+ Pcdn bdq`n oc` om`i_n di _dqjm^` mdnfn ajm ^cdg_g`nnrjh`i\i_oc`m`g\odq`_dno\i^`ojoc`_dqjm^`*mdnfdi_`s`n ja rjh`i rdoc ^cdg_m`i+ Pc`i) r` c\q` `nodh\o`_ \ hjm` _`o\dg`_ hj_`g ajm hjoc`mn) rc`m` r` `nodh\o` _dqjm^` mdnfn ]t k\mdot \i_ ^\g`i_\m t`\m oc\o \m` no\i_\m_dn`_ \gnj ajm oc` `aa`^o ja \b` ja oc` tjpib`no^cdg_ \i_ ajm oc` kjnnd]g` km`n`i^` ja^cdg_m`i]jmi]`ajm` oc` h\mmd\b` ajmh\odji+

(23)

Bdbpm`2) ;eelXc `e[\o f][`mfiZ\(i`jb c\m\c) @`ijk(dXii`\[ Mn\[`j_ nfd\e' ,42,(,442' jkXe[Xi[`j\[]fi X^\ Xk Xe[ [liXk`fe f]dXii`X^\' gXi`kp' X^\ f]pfle^\jk Z_`c[' Xe[ gi\dXi`kXc Y`ik_)

-+3 * -+1 *t -+/ * .6Y-NcmemÖl_f[ncp_ni åj mZç j

(24)

Bdbpm`5+;eelXc `e[\o f][`mfiZ\(i`jb c\m\c) @`ijk(dXii`\[ Mn\[`j_ nfd\e' ,42,(,442' Yp gXi`kp' jkXe[Xi[`j\[]fi X^\ Xk dXii`X^\ Xe[ [liXk`fe) L`jb]fi dfk_\ij Xcjf jkXe[Xi[`j\[]fi gi\j\eZ\ f]gi\dXi`kXc Z_`c[i\e Xe[ X^\ f]pfle^\jk Z_`c[)

 j[lcns- j[lcns .  j[lcns/  j[lcns0 /+2 *  J R $ G -+2 *`*

N8cmeml_f[ncp_ni ih_*]bcf^ ginb_lmch P65%&

ch ?@ ch

?K ?@

(25)

Pcdnbdq`nhjm`_`o\dg`_diajmh\odji\]jpo^c\ib`ndioc`kmjk`in* dotoj _dqjm^`ajmhjoc`mn+

Bdbpm`5 ncjrncjroc` _dqjm^`m`ajmhja.641kmdh\mdgt \aa`^o`_ oc` _dqjm^` kmjk`indotajmrjh`irdocjpo^cdg_m`i+ @dqjm^`mdnfn ja ^cdg_g`nnrjh`idi^m`\n`_om`h`i_jpngtdioc\ot`\m\i_c\q` ndi^` oc`i m`h\di`_ \o \ m`g\odq`gt cdbc g`q`g+ Eo dn \gnj `qd_`io amjh oc` adbpm`oc\ooc`^jiodip`_mdn`dioc` b`i`m\gg`q`gja_dqjm^`mdnf_pm* dib oc` .65-n \i_ oc` .66-n ^jhkg`o`gt dn \ m`npgo ja \ mdn` di oc` kmjk`indotoj_dqjm^`\hjibrjh`irdoc^cdg_m`i+Scdg`oc`_dqjm^` di_`s ajm ^cdg_g`nn rjh`i %k\mdot-& no\]dgdn`n \o \ m\oc`m ^jino\io g`q`g _pmdiboc` n`^ji_ c\gajaoc` .64-n \i_ _j`n ijo^c\ib` hp^c \ao`m ocdn) oc` _dqjm^` mdnfn ajm hjoc`mn `scd]do \ no`\_dgt di^m`\ndib om`i_ _pmdibhjno ja jpm k`mdj_+ @dqjm^` mdnfn jaji`*^cdg_ hjoc`mn c\q`di_``_ di^m`\n`_ \ghjno_pmdib`q`mtt`\m jaoc` nop_tk`mdj_+ Djr`q`m) oc`m\oc`mno``kdi^m`\n`oc\or\n j]n`mq`_ajmoc`_dqjm^` mdnfn amjh  oc` `i_ ja oc` .65-n %Bdbpm` 4& dn h \digt ajpi_ oj ]` \^^jpio\]g` oj oc` ^c\ibdib ]`c\qdjpm ja or j * \i_ ocm``*^cdg_ hjoc`mn+ Pc` om`i_ di _dqjm^` mdnfn ja ji`*^cdg_ hjoc`mn n``hn oj c\q`]``im`q`mn`_]toc``i_jajpmk`mdj_ ndi^`oc`dm _dqjm^`mdnfn ijrc\q`]``ino\bi\odibajmoc`g\noajpmt`\mn+Ei.664)do\gnj]`^\h` `qd_`io oc\o oc` _dqjm^` mdnfn ja hjoc`mn rdoc orj jm hjm` ^cdg_m`i _d_ ijo di^m`\n` \it hjm` `doc`m+ Ka ^jpmn`) do dn ojj `\mgt oj n\t rc`oc`m ocdn ^jinodopo`n \m`\g ]m`\frdococ` k\no jmijo+

Pc`n` di_`s`n bdq` \i`\o _`n^mdkodjijaoc`k`mdj_ `aa`^o jiadmno* h\mmd`_Or`_dncrjh`i$nkmjk`indotoj_dqjm^`)rc`ioc`dhk\^oja ^jhkjndodji\g ^c\ib`n \hjib oc` h\mmd`_ rjh`i c\n ]``i m`hj* q`_+ =i_`mnnji %.662) .664& c\n ncjri oc\o oc`m` c\q` di_``_ ]``i dhkjmo\io ^c\ib`n di oc` ^jhkjndodji jarjh`i jq`m n`q`m\g jaoc` q\md\]g`noc\or`pn`dijpmno\i_\m_dn\odjin\i_^ji^gp_`_oc\ododn dhkjmo\iooj ^jind_`m oc` `aa`^on jaoc`n` ^c\ib`n dar` r\io oj km`* n`iok\mdot*nk`^dad^_dqjm^`*mdnfdi_`s`n+=i_`mnnji%.662&ncjrn)ajm `s\hkg`) oc\o oc` am\^odji ja rjh`i rcj c\q` ^cdg_m`i \gm`\_t \o oc`odh`jaoc`dmh\mmd\b`ajmh\odjic\ndi^m`\n`_^jind_`m\]gt_pmdib jpmnop_tk`mdj_+Pcdndnh\digt\i`skm`nndjijaoc`a\^ooc\o^jpkg`n ^cdg_]`\mdibdiOr`_`iijr\_\tn jao`ino\mon ]`ajm` h\mmd\b`+ Op^c ^cdg_m`i) rcj di hjno ^\n`n \m` ]jmi oj oc` n\h` h\i \n oc` \^op\g cpn]\i_)\m`m`g\o`_ojcdbc`m_dqjm^`mdnfnoc\idioc`^\n`rc`m`\gg ^cdg_m`ic\q`]``i]jmi\ao`moc`h\mmd\b`_\o`+Ear`rdncoj^jiomjg ajmocdn^jhkjndodji\g^c\ib`dodndhkjmo\ioojdi^gp_`oc`a\^ojmkm`* h\mdo\g ]dmoc dioj jpm no\i_\m_dn\odjin+

(26)

=i_`mnji%.664& ncjrnoc\ooc`m`dn\gnj\idhkjmo\io`aa`^ojaoc` \b` ja\tjpib`no^cdg_ ji oc` kmjk`indot oj _dqjm^` rc`m` hjoc`mn rdocq`mttjpib^cdg_m`ic\q`gjr`m_dqjm^`mdnfnoc\ijoc`mhjoc`mn+ Eoopminjpooc\ok\mojaoc``aa`^ojac\qdib^cdg_m`i]jmi]`ajm`h \m* md\b`dnoc\ooc`\b`^jhkjndodjijaocdnfdi_ja^cdg_m`i* \i_jaoc`dm nd]gdibn* dn_daa`m`ioamjhoc\oja^cdg_m`i]jmidih\mmd\b`+Lm`h\md* o\g ^cdg_m`ink`i_ k\mojaoc`dmtjpib`no \b`n jpond_`h\mmd\b` \i_) rc`i oc`t gdq` di h\mmd\b`) rdgg ]` jq`mm`km`n`io`_ di \b` bmjpkn ^jii`^o`_ rdoccdbc`m _dqjm^`mdnfn+

Pc`q\mdjpn`aa`^onjaiph]`mja^cdg_m`i)jaoc`\b`jaoc`tjpib* `no^cdg_)\i_jakm`h\mdo\g^cdg_]`\mdib\m`dio`mm`g\o`_oj`\^cjoc`m di\h\ii`moc\oh\f`ndoi`^`nn\mtoj^jind_`m\ggjaoc`hdi\hj_`g rcd^c)ajm`s\hkg`)r\iooj_dn`io\ibg`\i_km`n`io_dqjm^`mdnfn]t iph]`mja^cdg_m`i+ EiBdbpm`5) r` ^\i^g`\mgt n`` oc` no\i_\m_dn`_ `aa`^ojak\mdotdioc\ooc`_dqjm^`mdnfn\m`^jindno`iogtgjr`majmji`* ^cdg_ h joc`mn oc\i ajm ^cdg_g`nn rjh `i \i_ oc\o oc`t \m` apmoc`m m`_p^`_ ajm or j*^cdg_ hjoc`mn+ @dqjm^`*mdnf g`q`gn ajm ocm``*^cdg_ hjoc`mn\m`cjr`q`mijogjr`moc\ioc`^jmm`nkji_dibg`q`gnajmor j* ^cdg_hjoc`mn8oc`mdnfnajmrjh`ijak\mdod`norj \i_ocm``\m`q`mt ndhdg\moj`\^cjoc`m)\og`\noamjhoc`]`bdiidibjaoc`.65-njir\m_n+ S` ^ji^gp_` oc\o oc` no\]dgdndib `aa`^o ja oc` \mmdq\g ja \ i`r ^cdg_ dioj \h\mmd\b`h\digtcjg_n ajm oc` \mmdq\g jaoc`admnoorj \i_ oc\o ^cdg_]`\mdib ]`tji_ oc` Or`_dnc orj*^cdg_ ijmh  n``hn oj c\q` ij _dqjm^`*dicd]dodib `aa`^o+ =i_`mnnji %.664& apmoc`m ncjrn oc\o oc` _dqjm^` mdnfn ja ajpm*^cdg_ hjoc`mn \^op\ggt \m` cdbc`m oc\i ndhdg\m mdnfn jaor j* \i_ ocm``*^cdg_ hjoc`mn+ @pmdib oc`.64-n) oc` _dqjm^` mdnfn ja rjh`i \o k\mdot ocm`` \gnj n``h oj ]` cdbc`m oc\i ocjn` ja rjh`i\ok\mdotorj+ Ki`ncjpg_]`^\m`apgcjr`q`mdidio`mkm`odib `nodh\o`__dqjm^`mdnfnajmrjh`ijacdbc`mk\mdod`n_pmdiboc``\mgt .64-n+=ggrjh`idijpm_\o\n`o\m`h\mmd`_\ao`m.634\i_\m`]jmi \ao`m.612njoc`th pno]`m\oc`mnk`^d\gdaoc`tc\_h\i\b`_oj\oo\di k\mdot0\gm`\_t]toc\oodh`+ ?g`\mgt)dodni`^`nn\mtojno\i_\m_dn`ajm\iph]`mja_`hjbm\kcd^ a\^ojmn rc`ir`r\io oj _dnkg\t k`mdj_ `aa`^on ji oc` kmjk`indot oj _dqjm^`ajmrjh`i\o_daa`m`iok\mdod`n+=i_`mnnji%.664& ncjrnoc\o ocdn dn `nk`^d\ggt dhkjmo\io rc`i r` di^gp_` `nodh\o`_ mdnfn ajm oc` .64-n di jpm km`n`io\odji) ndi^` oc` ^jhkjndodji jq`m \ghjno \gg ja jpm _`hjbm\kcd^a\^ojmndn _dnojmo`_ _pmdiboc`n`t`\mn\n\m`npgoja oc`ompi^\odjijajpm_\o\\^^jm_dibojh\mmd\b`t`\m\i_]dmoc^jcjmo+ Bjmapmoc`m _dn^pnndji\]jpooc`no\i_\m_dn\odjijajpm_dqjm^`mdnfn) n`` B`not %.662& \i_ Pjpg`hji %.662&+

(27)

Ki` jaoc`hjnonomdfdibj]n`mq\odjinamjhjpm_dqjm^`di_`s`n dn oc\oOr`_dnc_dqjm^`mdnfnc\q`di^m`\n`_m\kd_gtamjhoc``i_jaoc` .65-n+ Ki`hdbcok`mc\kn]`gd`q`oc\oocdndi^m`\n`dn^jii`^o`_rdoc oc`h\mmd\b`]jjhja.656rcd^chpnoc\q`km`^dkdo\o`_h\ith \m* md\b`noc\ojoc`mrdn`rjpg_ijoc\q`]``iajmh`_+Eodn`\ntojdh\bdi` oc\oh\itjaoc`n`h\mmd\b`n^jpg_c\q`]``ik`majmh`_di\i `\nt ^jh` * `\nt bj  a\ncdji\i_ oc\ooc`dm no\]dgdotrjpg_m`n`h]g`oc\o ja otkd^\g ^jc\]do\odji\g pidjin %d+`+) oc\o oc`t ncjpg_ ]` g`nn no\]g` oc\iotkd^\gh\mmd\b`n&+ Djr`q`m) ocdndnijoomp`7 =i_`mnnji %.665]& ^\g^pg\o`_n`k\m\o`_dqjm^`*mdnfdi_`s`najmoc`.656h\mmd\b`^jcjmo \i_ncjr`_oc\ooc`no\i_\m_dn`__dqjm^`mdnfajmoc`t`\mnajggjrdib .656\^op\ggtr\ngjr`majmocdnh\mmd\b`^jcjmooc\iajmjoc`m^jcjmon+ I\t]`dodnoc`^\n`oc\oh\mmd\b`noc\o\m`ajmh`_di^ji^`miajmoc` apopm` ndop\odjijaoc`a\hdgt) \n h\it jaocjn` ajmh`_ di .656) opmi jpooj]`hjm` no\]g` oc\iocjn`rcj \m`ajmh`_ h\digtdim`nkjin` ojoc`k\nndji]`or``iorj\_pgon+Ka^jpmn`)\^jind_`m\odjijaapopm` rd_jr$nk`indjinc`m`\gnjdhkgd`noc\oh\mmtdibdi_dqd_p\gndi.656 m`\ggt r`m` ocdifdib \]jpo oc`dm pidjin di \ gjib*o`mh  k`mnk`^odq`+ I\it ja oc`n` k\moi`mn kmj]\]gt c\_ gdq`_ ojb`oc`m \gm`\_t ajm m\o* c`m gjib k`mdj_n ja odh` \i_ oc`i ^jin`lp`iogt ^jiomd]po`_ rdoc \ n`g`^odji ja h jm` no\]g` ^jc\]do\odji\g pidjin oc\i ocjn` r cj ijmh\ggt h\mmt di \ t`\m+

Bdi\ggt)r`ijo`oc\o\g\mb`am\^odjijapidji_dnmpkodjindiOr`_`i j^^pm oj ^jpkg`n gdqdib di^jin`inp\g pidjin+ Odi^` oc`m` dn ij diajm* h\odji \]jpo diajmh\g ^jc\]do\odji di jpm m`bdno`m _\o\) r` c\q` ij kjnnd]dgdot oj di^gp_` diajmh\odji \]jpo np^c _dnmpkodjin di jpm k`* mdj_ \i\gtndn+ Bjm \ hjm` b`i`m\g _`n^mdkodji ja k\oo`min di pidji* _dnmpkodji]`c\qdjpm) n`` Mqdno `o \g+ %.662&+

N`ag`^odjin

Pc`kpmkjn`jaocdnk\k`mc\n]``ioj_`n^md]`oc`\^op\gm`^`ioom`i_n \i_ ^jhkji`ion di oc` k\oo`min ja ^cdg_]`\mdib \i_ ipkod\gdot di Or`_`i _pmdib oc` t`\mn .63.%4.& oj .664+ S` c\q` _`^jhkjn`_ jq`m\ggom`i_ndia`modgdot)h\mmd\b`ajmh\odji)\i_h\mmd\b`_dnnjgpodji diojk\mdot*nk`^dad^^\g`i_\m*t`\mdi_`s`njamdnfnjaoc`q\mdjpn`q`ion ajmrjh`i]jmidiOr`_`i+ Kpm\dhc\n]``ioj _`mdq`\hjm`gp^d_ \i_ \^^pm\o` kd^opm` ja^c\ib`n di _`hjbm\kcd^ ]`c\qdjpmoc\ioc\o bdq`i ]t hjm` ^jiq`iodji\g h`ocj_n+ Pc` jq`m\gg _`q`gjkh`ion ja _`^m`\ndib h\mmd\b` mdnfn) di^m`\ndib _dqjm^` mdnfn) \i_ agp^op\odib a`modgdotdnja^jpmn``qd_`ioijh\oo`mrc\ok`mdj_h`\npm`r`^cjjn`

(28)

oj pn`+ Djr`q`m) rdoc jpm no\i_\m_dn`_ k\mdot*nk`^dad^ di_`s`n) r` \m` \]g` oj _`n^md]` pi_`mgtdib k\oo`min di hjm` _`o\dg \i_ oj b`o \ kd^opm` ja ^c\ib`n di m`\g ]`c\qdjpm m\oc`m oc\idi ^jhkjndodji+ S` c\q`) ajm `s\hkg`) ncjrioc\o oc` om`i_n dih\mmd\b` ajmh\odji \i_ h\mmd\b` _dnnjgpodjic\q`]``ird_`gt _daa`m`ioajm^cdg_g`nnrjh`i oc\iajmhjoc`mn+Kpm^cdg_]`\mdibdi_`s`napmoc`mkmjqd_`hjm`_`o\dg jim`^`ioOr`_dnca`modgdotagp^op\odjinoc\i_j^jiq`iodji\gh`\npm`n+ Sdocjpmdi_`s`n)dodn)ajm`s\hkg`)kjnnd]g`oj _`o`^o\^g`\mopmidib kjdiodioc`kmjk`indotojbdq`]dmocdi.644+ Pcdnopmidibkjdiodnijo `nk`^d\ggt`qd_`iodiodh`n`md`nja\b`*nk`^dad^jmojo\ga`modgdotm\o`n+ Ei\ggjpm_d\bm\hn)r`c\q`_`hjinom\o`_q`mtnomjibk`mdj_`aa`^on ji _`hjbm\kcd^ ]`c\qdjpm di Or`_`i+ Ei njh` ^\n`n) oc`n` `aa`^on c\q` ]``i m`h \mf\]gt nomjib7 oc` kmjk`indot oj _dqjm^` r\n) ajm `s\hkg`) c`\qdgt \aa`^o`_ ]t g`b\g ^c\ib`n di .641 \i_ oc` kmjk`in* dotojh\mmtr\n`q`ihjm`\aa`^o`_]t^c\ib`ndioc`g`bdng\odjioc\o ]`^\h``aa`^odq`di.656)`q`iocjpbcoc``aa`^odioc`g\oo`m^\n`jigt k`mo\dinoj \ndibg`^\g`i_\mt`\m+ Pc`gjib*o`mh om`i_ndiipkod\gdot \m`^c\m\^o`mdn`_]t\_`^gdidibkmjk`indotojh\mmt\i_\idi^m`\ndib kmjk`indotoj _dqjm^`+

Pc`a`modgdotom`i_ndiOr`_`i\gnj_dnkg\tnomjibk`mdj_agp^op\odjin+ Pc`^cdg_]`\mdibc\q`di_``_agp^op\o`_di\h\ii`moc\oDj`h\i_ Dj`h %.663& m`a`moj \n _`kd^odib\mjgg`m*^jno`ma`modgdot+ %Pcdnq\md\* odji no\i_n di nc\mk ^jiom\nooj oc` m`g\odq` no\]dgdot oc\o dino`\_ c\n ]``ij]n`mq`_ajm^jcjmoa`modgdotdiOr`_`i+& Eodn dio`m`nodibojijo` oc\o) _pmdiboc` g\no _`^\_`n) \ghjno\gg bmjpkn jarjh`ic\q`]``i \aa`^o`_ ndhpgo\i`jpngt \i_ c\q`) ajm `s\hkg`) ^jiomd]po`_ oj oc` di^m`\ndiba`modgdot_pmdiboc`.65-n\i_oc`_`^m`\ndiba`modgdot_pmdib oc` .66-n+ Bpmoc`m) do dn dio`m`nodib oj ijo` oc\o oc` k \oo`mi n ja ^cdg_]`\mdib\nr`ggc\q`]``inomjibgt\aa`^o`_]t^c\ib`ndikp]gd^ m`bpg\odjin7 oc` di^m`\ndib a`modgdot _pmdib oc` .65-n r\n k\mogt ^jii`^o`_ rdoc \ np__`i ^c\ib` di oc` ]dmoc*nk\^dib ]`c\qdjpm ja Or`_dnck\m`ion di_p^`_ ]t \ kp]gd^*kjgd^tm`ajmh+

Ei_``_) r` adi_ do `som`h`gt ijo`rjmoct oc\o ^c\ib`n di g\r \i_ kp]gd^kjgd^tn``hojc\q`np^cdhkjmo\io`aa`^onjiq\mdjpnotk`nja _`hjbm\kcd^]`c\qdjpmnp^c\nocjn`ajpi_ajmOr`_`i+S`nk`^pg\o` oc\o Or`_`n h\t]` \m` hjm` n`indodq` oc\i joc`m k`jkg` oj ^c\ib`n dikp]gd^kjgd^t+Or`_`idn\m\oc`mcjhjb`ijpnnj^d`otrdoc\nomjib om\_dodjija^jin`inpnocdifdib\i_\cdnojmtja nj^d\g`ibdi``mdib + Ei np^c \ nj^d`ot) r` hdbco adi_ oc\o diajmh\odji ja q\mdjpn otk`n `\ndgt nkm`\_n oj \gg n`bh`ion ja oc` kjkpg\odji nj oc\o \iijpi^`_

(29)

^c\ib`n dikp]gd^kjgd^t) \nr`gg \n k`m^`dq`_ ^c\ib`n dioc` b`i`m\g nj^d`o\g^gdh\o`)hjm``\ndgtoc\i`gn`rc`m`h\tomdbb`m_daa`m`iootk`n ja _`hjbm\kcd^ ]\i_r\bji `aa`^on+

Pc`nomjibagp^op\odjindiOr`_dnca`modgdotc\q`m`^`iogt\oom\^o`_ k\mod^pg\m \oo`iodji+ Bjm kg\ii`mn \o hpid^dk\gdot g`q`g) ajm `s\hkg`) oc`n`agp^op\odjin^\pn`h\tjmj]no\^g`n)\noc`kmjqdndjija^cdg_^\m` \i_ n^cjjgdib c\n oj ]` pi_`m ^jino\io \_epnoh`io oj oc` ^c\ibdib ndu`n ja ]dmoc ^jcjmon+ Pc` km`n`io _mjk di a`modgdot c\n \gnj ^\pn`_ njh` ^ji^`mi ndi^` oc` m`npgodib gjr g`q`gn ja ^cdg_]`\mdib \m` ijo ^jhk\od]g`rdoc`skm`nn`_ km`a`m`i^`n ajm _`ndm`_iph]`mn ja^cdg_* m`i) \n bdq`i ]t m`nkji_`ion di q\mdjpn a\hdgt npmq`tn+ %O`` Dj`h) .662])ajmm`npgonamjhoc`Or`_dncB\hdgtOpmq`tja.66/+& Pc`km`* n`iondop\odjino\i_ndinc\mk^jiom\nooj oc\o\ooc`]`bdiidibjaocdn _`^\_`+=ooc\oodh`)oc`oc`icdbcg`q`gjaa`modgdotr\ndino`\_m`a`mm`_ oj\n\kjndodq``s\hkg`ja\^jpiomtrcd^cc\_h\i\b`_oj`ic\i^` oc` ^jhk\od]dgdot ]`or``i a`h\g` `hkgjth`io \i_ k\m`iocjj_ %n``) ajm`s\hkg`)>`mic\m_o).660&+Pc`di^m`\ndiba`modgdot_pmdiboc`.65-n r\n oc`i jao`i ^jii`^o`_ rdoc n`q`m\g `so`indjin di nj^d\g kjgd^d`n _dm`^o`_ ojr\m_n k\m`ion+ Opi_nomÅh \i_ Oo\aajm_ %.66/& \mbp`) ajm `s\hkg`) oc\ooc`n` ^c\ib`n m`_p^`_ oc` ^jno jac\qdib^cdg_m`i\i_ h\_`do`\nd`majmrjh`ioj ^jh]di`rjmf\i_a\hdgtgda`+

Pj_\t) ji` hdbco \nf rc`oc`m oc` km`n`io gjr a`modgdot dnepno \i* joc`m`s\hkg`ja\Or`_dnc\_\ko\odjiojoc`AQ)ajggjrdiboc`Or`* _dnc`iomtdiojoc\opidji) jmrc`oc`moc`m`\m`joc`mhjm`kmjajpi_ ^\pn`n ]`cdi_ do+ Odi^` Or `_dnc pi`h kgjth `io m\o`n ^c\ib`_ _m\h\od^\ggtdi\a`rt`\mn\ooc`]`bdiidibjaoc`.66-n)amjh\g`q`g jaq`mtgjrpi`hkgjth`iooj\g`q`gndhdg\mojoc\ojajoc`mS`no`mi Apmjk`\i ^jpiomd`n do hdbco) ajm `s\hkg`) ]` kg\pnd]g` oj ocdif oc\o oc`n` ^c\ib`n c\q` \aa`^o`_ ^cdg_]`\mdib g`q`gn i`b\odq`gt+ Dj`h %.665& di_``_ ajpi_ oc\o \ ^c\ib` di oc` _dnomd]podji ja Or`_dnc rjh`i_pmdiboc`]`bdiidibjaoc`.66-n\^^jm_dibojoc`dmg`q`gn ja `\mi`_di^jh`^\i`skg\dik\mojaoc`j]n`mq`_a\ggdiadmno*]dmocm\o`n+ EiOr`_`i)rjh`irdocq`mtgjrg`q`gn jajri`\mi`_ di^jh`c\q` hp^cgjr`madmno*]dmoca`modgdotoc\irjh`irdoccdbc`mdi^jh`g`q`gn \i_ \i di^m`\ndib ndu` ja oc` admno bmjpk c\n ijr m`npgo`_ di gjr`m ^cdg_]`\mdib+ ?g`\mgt) do dn dhkjmo\io oj f``k ajggjr rc\o dn c\kk`* idibrdococ`a`modgdotom`i_ndiOr`_`iocmjpbcapopm`t`\mn+ Op^c\ _`n^mdkodjijaom`i_n)^jh]di`_rdochjm`m`n`\m^cjioc`pi_`mgtdib ^\pn`n ja a`modgdot ^c\ib`n di Or`_`i) rdgg bdq` q\gp\]g` dindbcon oj oc`^cdg_]`\mdib _ti\hd^n di\ gjr*a`modgdot n`oodib+

(30)

Aqd_`iogt)dodn\gnj_`ndm\]g`ojajggjrapopm`om`i_ndiipkod\gdotdi Or`_`i+ ?c\ib`n di h\mmd\b` ajmh\odji \i_ h\mmd\b` _dnnjgpodji \m` njh `odh `n n\d_ oj ^jinodopo` \i dh kjmo\io k \mo ja \ n`^ji_ _`hjbm\kcd^ om\indodji di Apmjk` %R\i _` G\\) .654&) rc`m` mdndib di_dqd_p\gdnh npkkjn`_gt g`\_n oj \ nomjib`m `hkc\ndn ji k`mnji\g apgadgh`io \i_ \gnj oj cdbc`m _`h \i_n ji oc` lp\gdot ja `hjodji\g m`g\odjincdkn+Pcdndnnpkkjn`_ojm`npgodi\bm`\o`mq\md`otdipidji* ajmh\odjik\oo`min\i_\gnjdig`nna`\mjapidji_dnmpkodji+EiOr`_`i) oc`m` \m` oj_\t c\m_gt \it ijmh\odq` km`nnpm`n dia\qjpm ja h\mdo\g \njkkjn`_ojiji*h \mdo\g^jiepb\ggda`\i_dodnpigdf`gtoc\or`rdgg n`` \it m`q`mn\g di oc` om`i_n di h \mmd\b` ajmh\odji+ @dqjm^`n di Or`_`i \m` b`i`m\ggt \gnj n``i \n \i `iodm`gt kmdq\o` h \oo`m `q`i ocjpbc oc`m` \m` njh`odh`n njh` `skm`nndjin ja ^ji^`mi ajm oc`dm ^jin`lp`i^`najmdiqjgq`_^cdg_m`i+Pc`g\o`nog`q`ggdibjaadi_dqjm^`* mdnfom`i_nncjpg_h\t]`ijo]`o\f`i\n`qd_`i^`ja\om`i_m`q`mn\g ]pohdbcoi`q`moc`g`nn kjnnd]gt]` \ ndbija\ ngjr`mapopm` di^m`\n` dioc`kmjk`indotoj _dqjm^`+

Ei^ji^gpndji)dodn_`ndm\]g`oj^jiodip`ojkmj_p^`\iip\gpk_\o`n jaoc` otk` jaodh` n`md`n oc\or` c\q` km`n`io`_ di ocdn k\k`m+ Pcdn rdgg\ggjrpnojf``kajggjrom`i_ndia`modgdot\i_ipkod\gdotdiOr`_`i ocmjpbcapopm`t`\mn+S`rjpg_\gnjgdf`oj`i^jpm\b`oc`^jhkpo\odji ja ndhdg\m otk`n ja di_`s`n ajm ^jpiomd`n rc`m` kjkpg\odji*m`bdno`m _\o\ \m` \q\dg\]g`) hjnoijo\]gt ajm oc` joc`m Jjm_d^ ^jpiomd`n+ Pcdn rjpg_ bdq` q\gp\]g` diajmh\odji \]jpo oc` _`hjbm\kcd^ om`i_n di oc`n`^jpiomd`nojj)\i_dorjpg_jk`ipkajmdi*_`koc^mjnn*^jpiomt ^jhk\mdnjidaoc` _daa`m`ioi\odji\g _\o\ n`on ^\i]` ^jh]di`_+

=^fijrg`_b`h`ion

E oc\if Lmja`nnjm F\i I+ Dj`h ajm ^jhh`ion ji ocdn \i_ `\mgd`m k\k`mn+ E\gnjoc\ifOo\odnod^nOr`_`i\i_>mdoo\Dj`hajmkmjqd_dib h` rdoc _\o\ ajm ht \i\gtn`n+ Pc` k\k`m c\n ]``irmdoo`i _pmdib \ Lc@ kmjbm\h  \o oc` Ooj^fcjgh Qidq`mndot @`hjbm\kct Qido+ E \h bm\o`apg ajm adi\i^d\g npkkjmo amjh oc` Or`_dnc ?jpi^dg ajm Oj^d\g N`n`\m^c) amjh oc` N`n`\m^c Bjpi_\odjin ja Oq`inf\ D\i_`gn]\i* f`i) \i_ amjh oc` Or`_dnc ?jpi^dg ajm N`n`\m^c di oc` Dph\idod`n \i_ Oj^d\g O^d`i^`n+

(31)

N`a`m`i^`n

=b`gg)=+)sbk\ejbXgj(fZ_jXdYf\e[\ivkk\ec`^k,432wijcX^jk`]ke`e^)%EpnopnaÅmg\b)Qkkn\g\) .656&+

= i_`mnnji)C+) @ dqjm^`*mdnfom`i_ndiOr `_`i.64.*.660 +?lifg\XeDflieXcf ]JfglcX(

k`fe.. %.662&)kk+/60*0..+

= i_`mnnji)C+) Pc`dh k\^oja^cdg_m`iji_dqjm^`mdnfnjaOr `_dncr jh `i +?lifg\Xe

DflieXcf ]JfglcXk`fe.0%.664&)kk+.-6*.12+

= i_`mnnji)C+) Pm`i_ndih \mmd\b`ajmh \odjidiOr `_`i.64.*.660  ?lifg\XeDflieXc

f ]JfglcXk`fe.1%.665\&)kk+.24*.45+

= i_`mnnji) C+) C dao`mh ~gn]jjh  b\q no\]dg\m` }fo`inf\k + Pvc]vi[jYlcc\k`e\e Jj+ 1 , .665 %.665]&)kk+/3*/4+

= i_`mnnji)C+) ? cdg_]`\mdibom`i_ndiOr `_`i.63.*.664 + ?lifg\XeDflieXcf ]Jfgl(

cXk`fe.2%.666&)oj\kk`\m+

>`mic\m_o) A+) B`modgdot \i_ `h kgjth `io + ?lifg\Xe MfZ`fcf^`ZXc L\m`\n 4 %.660&) kk+ /2*1/+

B`not) L+) NÄag`sdjin \pojpm _ $p i  \mod^g`7 H\ h `npm` _`n di_d^`n _p h jh `io + ?lif(

g\XeDflieXcf ]JfglcXk`fe.. %.662&)kk+0/0*00.+

C}cg`m)I+)F`]\; ]k\i>`mfiZ\) ?Zfefd`Z) MfZ`XcXe[JjpZ_fcf^`ZXcQ \cc(Y\`e^;d fe^Mn\(

[`j_; [lckjXe[=_`c[i\e@fccfn`e^@Xd`cp>`jjfclk`fe)@j^ojm\g@ dnn`mo\odji%@ `k\mo* h `io ja Oj^djgjbt) Ooj^fcjgh Q idq`mndot) .665&+

D \ei\g) F+) Pc` \i\gtndn ja ] dmoc no\odnod^n di oc` gdbco ja oc` m`^`io di o`mi \odj i \g m`^jq`mtjaoc`] dmoc*m\o` + JfglcXk`fe Mkl[`\j . %.614&) kk+ .04*.31+

D j`h ) >++ N`^`io ^c\ib`n dia\hdgt ajmh \odji di Or`_`i ) di >gjnna`g_) D +*L+) `_+)

N_\H \n Lfc\ f ]Qfd\e5 @Xd`cp@fidXk`fe `e G f[\ie MfZ`\k`\j %S `noqd`rLm`nn) Ks* ajm_)).662\&)kk+02*22+

Dj`h) >+) Em`eefij fZ_ dvej c`m5 >\c . <XieX]y[Xe[\) @ `h jbm\adnf\ m\kkjmo`m .6627/+0 %Oo\odnod^n Or`_`i) Ooj^fcjgh) .662]&+

Dj`h)>+)<XieX]y[Xe[\fZ_jpjj\cjvkke`e^) O gg(fZ_e\[^we^\e`]ilbkjXd _\k\e,430(,442) @ `h jbm\adnf\ m\kkjmo`m .6657. %Oo\odnod^n Or`_`i) Ooj^fcjgh) .665&+

D j`h )F+I+) @ `h jbm\kcd^di^d_`i^`m\o`n +N_\fi\k`ZXcJfglcXk`fe<`fcf^p.1%.645&)kk+ 0/6*004+

Dj`h )F+I+) H\no\i_\m_dn\odjidi_dm`^o`\h ÄgdjmÄ``onji\kkgd^\odji~g\_dqjmod\gdoÄ `iOp`_`%.64.*.656& +JfglcXk`fe13%.66.\&)kk+.22.*.235+

Dj`h )F+I+) Pjh \mmt)epnodi^\n` +++7 oc`Or `_dncr d_ j r $n*k `i ndj i m`ajmh \i_ oc` k`\fdih \mmd\b`ndi@`^`h ]`m.656 +;ZkX MfZ`fcf^`ZX01 %.66.]&)kk+ ./4*.02+ Dj`h ) F+I+) ?g\nnd^\g _`h jbm\kcd^ h `ocj_n ja \i\gtndn \i_ h j_`mi `q`io*cdnojmt

o`^cidlp`n +EQOOL7//i_Eio`mi\odji\gLjkpg\odji?jia`m`i^`)I jiom`\g)?\i\_\) Rjgph`0 %.660\&)kk+ /5.*/6.+

Dj`h )F+I+) Lp]gd^kjgd^t\noc`ap`gjaa`modgdot7`aa`^onja\kjgd^tm`ajmh jioc`k\^` ja^cdg_]`\mdibdiOr `_`idioc`.65-n +;ZkX MfZ`fcf^`ZX03 %.660\&)kk+ .6*0.+ Dj`h ) >+) \i_ Dj`h ) F+) Or `_`i$n a\h dgt kjgd^d`n \i_ mjgg`m*^j\no`m a`modgdot + Dfli(

eXcf ]JfglcXk`feJifYc\dj %Pjftj&2/%.663&)kk+.*/4+

Hpou)S+)Sdgn)=+>+)\i_J d`h di`i)I+) Pc`_`h jbm\kcd^_dh `indjinja_dqjm^`7oc` ^\n`jaBdig\i_ + JfglcXk`fe Mkl[`\j12 %.66.&)kk+104*120+

(32)

I ` dn\ \ md*L j gn\ ) P+) \i _  O Å _ `mnomÅ h ) H+) N `^`i o O r ` _ dnc  a` modgdot  ^c \i b `n di  k`mnk`^odq` + MZXe[`eXm`XeJfglcXk`fe Mkl[`\j.- %.662&)kk+..*/4+

I pmkct) I+) P dh `*n`md`n \k k mj\^c`n oj oc` \i\gtndn ja a`modgdot ^c\ib` ) di7 Jd >cmjg^c~di) I+) `_+)H \n J\ijg\Zk`m\j fe @\ik`c`kp`e <i`kX`e %DIOK) Hji_ji) .660&) kk+2.*33+

J d>cmjg^c~di)I+) L`mdj_k\m\h jpio<=^mdodlp`jaoc`^jcjmo\kkmj\^coja`modgdot +

JfglcXk`feXe[>\m\cfgd\ekL\m`\n.5%.66/&)kk+266*3/6+

Mqdno) F+) E mXc`k\kj( fZ_ d\kf[]iw^fi m`[ Xemve[e`e^ Xm i\^`jk\i[XkX5 ki\]Xccjkl[`\i `efd

Y\]fcbe`e^jjkXk`jk`b\e) > \fbmpi_nh \o`md\g am~i  _`h jbm\adnf\ ap i f odj i `i  .66-7/) %Oo\odnod^n Or`_`i) Ooj^fcjgh) .66-&+

Mqdno)F+)QcgÄi)I+)\i_OeÅ]`mb)E+)Mb`cjdvjjfifZ_j\gXiXk`fe\i( YXb^ile[fZ_lkm\Zbc`e^) @ `h jbm\adnf\ m\kkjmo`m .6627. %Oo\odnod^n Or`_`i) Ooj^fcjgh) .662&+

N\ggp)F+*H+)\i_Pjpg`hji)H+) L`mdj_a`modgdoth `\npm`n7oc`^jinomp^odjija_daa`m`io di_`s`n\i_oc`dm\kkgd^\odjiojBm\i^`).613*56 +JfglcXk`fe5; e ?e^c`j_M\c\Zk`fe1 %.661&)kk+26*61+

O?>).665+ <\]fcbe`e^jjkXk`jk`b,442'_`g1+Oo\odnod^nOr`_`i)Ooj^fcjgh+

Opi_nomÅh ) I+) \i_ Oo\aajm_) B+L+) B`h \g` g\]jpm ajm^` k\mod^dk\odji) a`modgdot \i_ kp]gd^kjgd^tdiOr`_`i +)?lifg\XeDflieXcf ]JfglcXk`fe5 %.66/&)kk+ .66*/.2+ P jpg`h ji) H+) N Äag`sdjin \ p oj p m _ $p i  \mod^g`7 H\ no\ i _ \m_ dn\ odj i  _`n lpjod`ion

dino\io\iÄn )?lifg\XeDflieXcf ]JfglcXk`fe.. %.662&)kk+000*01/+

R\i_`G\\)@+) A pmjk`$nn`^ji__`h jbm\kcd^om\indodji )JfglcXk`fe<lcc\k`e1. %Lj* kpg\odjiN`a`m`i^`>pm`\p) S \ncdiboji@+?) .654&+

(33)

=kk`i_ds7gdnojaq\md\]g`ndioc`q\mdjpnhj_`gn

Gf[\c]fi]`ijk(Y`ik_ `e[\o\j

(=b` jarjh\i %.3oj12t`\mndindibg`*t`\mbmjpkn&)^jhkpo`_ \n \b` \ooc` `i_ ja `\^c^\g`i_\mt`\m+

*  ?\g`i_\m t`\m %t`\mn .63. ocmjpbc .664 di ocdmot*n`q`i ndibg`* t`\m bmjpkn&+

Gf[\c]fi j\Zfe[(' k_`i[(' Xe[]flik_(Y`ik_ `e[\o\j ( >dmocjm_`m %n`^ji_) ocdm_) \i_ajpmoc]dmocn&+

*=b`jahjoc`m%.3*.5).6*/.)+++++)diocm``*t`\mbmjpknpkocmjpbc \b`n 10*12 t`\mn&) ^jhkpo`_ \n \b` \o oc` `i_ ja `\^c ^\g`i_\m t`\m+

*=b`jatjpib`no^cdg_ %\b`n-).+-).+2)/+-)/+2)0)1)2)3*4)\i_5* 6 t`\mn) r c`m` \b` .+- ^jmm`nkji_n oj oc` nds*h jioc k`mdj_ ajggjrdib oc` ^cdg_$n admno ]dmoc_\t) \b` .+2 oj oc` ajggjrdib nds* hjiock`mdj_) \i_ nj ji&+

*  ?\g`i_\m t`\m %t`\mn .63. ocmjpbc .664 di ocdmot*n`q`i ndibg`* t`\m bmjpkn&+

Gf[\c]fi]`ijk(dXii`X^\ `e[\o

(=b`jarjh\i%.5*16t`\mndindibg`*t`\mbmjpkn&)^jhkpo`_\n \b` \o oc` `i_ ja `\^c ^\g`i_\mt`\m+

*L\mdot %ij^cdg_m`i) ji`^cdg_) orj^cdg_m`i) \i_ocm`` ^cdg_m`i&+ * ?\g`i_\mt`\m %t`\mn .64. ocmjpbc.664dior`iot*n`q`indibg`* t`\m bmjpkn&+

Gf[\c]fi i\dXii`X^\ `e[\o

( =b` \o _dqjm^` %.2*.6 t`\mn) /-*/1) /2*/6) 0-*01) \i_ 02*11 t`\mn&+

*L\mdot %ij^cdg_m`i)^cdg_amjhkm`qdjpnh\mmd\b`,  iji`r^cdg_ \ao`m _dqjm^`) i`r ^cdg_ \ao`m _dqjm^`&+

*  ?\g`i_\mt`\m %t`\mn.64. ocmjpbc.664dior`iot*n`q`indibg`* t`\m bmjpkn&+

(34)

*Pdh`ndi^` _dqjm^` %admnot`\m)t`\m/)0)1*2) 3*4) 5*6).-*..) \i_ t`\mn ./*.2 \ao`m oc` _dqjm^`&+

Gf[\c]fi]`ijk([`mfiZ\ `e[\o

*Sjh\i$n \b` \oh\mmd\b` %.3*.6t`\mn) /-*/0) /1*/5) /6*02) \i_ 03 jm hjm`t`\mn&+

*  oc` km`n`i^` ja \it km`h\mdo\g ^cdg_m`i) d+`+) \o g`\no ji` ^cdg_ ]jmi]`ajm`oc`h\mmd\b`_\o` %rdococ`g`q`gnijjmt`n&+

*L\mdot %ij ^cdg_m`i) ji`^cdg_) orj ^cdg_m`i) \i_ocm`` ^cdg_m`i&+ *=b` jatjpib`no^cdg_ %ij^cdg_) km`bi\io) -t`\mn) .*/t`\mn) 0* 2t`\mn)3*5 t`\mn) \i_ 6t`\mn jm hjm`&+

* ?\g`i_\m t`\m %.64. ocmjpbc .664 di or`iot*n`q`i ndibg`*t`\m bmjpkn&+

*I\mmd\b`_pm\odji%admnot`\mjah\mmd\b`)t`\m/)t`\m0)t`\mn1*

3) t`\mn 4*.-) \i_ t`\mn ..*.2&+

Pc` di^d_`i^` m\o`n \m` ^jhkpo`_]t _dqd_diboc` iph]`m jaadmno h \mmd\b`n ]t oc` iph ]`m ja k`mnji*t`\mn gdq`_ \n h \mmd`_ jm \n ijih\mmd`_ \o oc` m`g`q\io \b`+

Pc`n` m\o`n \m` ^jhkpo`_ ]t _dqd_dib oc` iph]`m ja _dqjm^`n ]t oc`iph]`mjak`mnjit`\mngdq`_\nh\mmd`_jmkm`qdjpngth\mmd`_\o oc` m`g`q\io _pm\odji ndi^` h\mmd\b` ajmh\odji+

=ndn^jhhjidi`q`io*cdnojmt\i\gtndn)r`o\gf\]jpooc`$mdnf$ajm \ ^`mo\di `q`io+ Ei ^jiom\no oj ^jggjlpd\g g\ibp\b`) ocdn rjm_ ncjpg_ ijo]`\nnj^d\o`_rdoc\iti`b\odq`q\gp\odji)\i_r`pn`do\gnjrc`i r` _`\g r doc \i `q`io oc\o km`nph \]gt dn _`ndm`_ ]t oc` k`mnjin diqjgq`_) np^c \n h\mmd\b`+

Pcdn m`bdno`m ^jio\din _\o\ ajm \ggrjh`i]jmidiOr`_`idi .6/2 \i_ g\o`m rcj r`m` m`bdno`m`_ di oc` ^`inpn ja .63-) \n r`gg \n ajm oc`dm a`h\g` _`n^`i_\ion ]jmi di Or`_`i+ Bmjh .63. jir\m_n) qdo\g `q`ion c\q` ]``i m`^jm_`_ ajm oc`n` rjh`i ji \ gjibdop_di\g ]\ndn \i_i`rm`^jm_najma`h\g`n]jmi\ao`mocdnt`\mc\q`]``i\__`_oj oc` m`bdno`m+ Pc` diajmh \odji ^jh`n amjh oc` m`bpg\m kjkpg\odji m`bdnom\odjintno`h+N`^jm_nc\q`ijot`o]``i\__`_ajmrjh`ircj c\q`dhhdbm\o`_ojOr`_`i\ao`m.63-jmrcjc\q`]``i]jmi\]mj\_+ O`` Mqdno %.66-& ajm \ apmoc`m _`n^mdkodji+

S` c\q` `s^gp_`_ _dqjm^`n di .635*.64- ]`^\pn` oc`t jigt \kk`\m`_dih\mmd\b`n jaq`mt]md`a _pm\odjin+

References

Related documents

Koncernerna försö- ker behålla de lokala reportrarna, samtidigt som varje titel också måste använda innehåll producerat av andra redaktioner eller TT för att

Genom att analysera våra föreställningar om framtiden, i det här fallet genom filmens värld, kan vi även få insikt om oss själva och vår syn på det förflutna, här

Rättssäkerhet nämns uttryckligen som motiv till reglerna eller dess utformning endast vid två tillfällen; som skäl till behovet av en tydlig definition av uttrycket nyanländ elev

In order to determine the optimum temperature for the WG injection molding process, wheat gluten powder was fed alone into the plasticating unit of the injection molder

9 To begin with, in section 2.1, we use the sources of statistics above together with Statistics Sweden’s regular R&amp;D survey 10 to describe how R&amp;D and employment

Of Sweden’s 28 million hectares of forest land about two million hectares are protected for conservation purposes, mostly in national parks and nature reserves. In these areas,

Det märktes att pojkarna gillade kameror och att de tyckte det skulle bli spännande att delta i studien med bilder. För att kunna kommunicera och kommentera bilderna anslöt vi

Brottsbalkens reglering om hets mot folkgrupp i 16:8 stadgar ansvar för spridning av uttalande eller andra meddelanden som ”hotar eller uttrycker missaktning för folkgrupp eller