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MARINE & PORTS | SERVICE

Fully automatic shore charging solution

shaping a sustainable world

Report

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Table of Contents

1. Executive summary ... 3

2. Introduction ... 4

2.1. Ljusteröleden ferry crossing ...5

2.2. Main milestones ...5

3. Installation ... 6

3.1. Challenges ... 6

3.2. Solutions ... 7

4. Test period ... 7

4.1. Faults and failures ... 8

5. Conclusions ... 10

Appendix 1 – Failure chart ... 11

Appendix 2 – Weekly connection reports ... 12

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1. Executive summary

* Caused by system operators (e.g. system set to manual mode and the operator does not initiate the connec- tion). These errors are marked as ignored and do not decrease system availability.

*

*

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2. Introduction

After an official pre-qualification phase, ABB was nominated to support STA Road Fer- ries in turning their operations greener by piloting an automatic shore charging solu- tion in the Stockholm Archipelago. The successful testing period paves the way for electrifying an important part of the Swedish public transport system – the water- ways.

STA Road Ferries, the Swedish authority servicing over 41 ferry routes, chose ABB as a partner for reaching the ambitious goal of climate neutral ferry operations by 2045

1

. The test period of 6 months took place in the busy ferry crossing of Ljusteröleden in the be- ginning of 2020. The crossing time back and forth is approximately only 14 minutes

2

, and the port stay for unloading/loading takes normally only 2.5 – 3 minutes.

To be verified during the test period were the device’s capability to cope with ship move- ments, fast shore connection time and rough weather conditions as well as the system’s robustness and reliability.

As a system integrator, ABB scanned the market for partners and decided to invite 3mar as a sub supplier for the test. All parties have been working as a strong team in a solu- tion-oriented manner during the project, and it has paid off well.

During the test period, the system attempted 5,318 connections, of which 4,984 were successful, denoting a 95 % success rate.

1https://www.trafikverket.se/for-dig-i-branschen/miljo---for-dig-i-branschen/energi-och-klimat/

2https://www.trafikverket.se/farjerederiet/farjeleder/Farjeleder-i-Stockholm213/Ljusteroleden/

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2.1. Ljusteröleden ferry crossing

1 The ferry crossing Ljusteröleden between Ljusterö and Östanå in Stockholm Archipelago.

2.2. Main milestones

2 Main milestones of the test period

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3. Installation

Executed in three phases, the installation was carried out in 14 days. All structures and parts were prefabricated in Finland.

Phase Description

Installation of the foundations February 3 – February 6

– Shore side charger unit – Ferry side socket unit

– L-bar foundations for the PLC box in the engine room

Mounting of the main parts February 7

– Fully automated charging module on- shore, including tailor made foundation – Connector module onboard

– Control equipment onboard Cabling and testing

February 10 – February 17

– System ready for the test period

3.1. Challenges

The malleable position of the ferry posed a challenge for the charger unit setup. This malleability was caused by two factors:

1. Sea water level affecting the shore side elements 2. The ferry-side ramp

The shore-side consists of three elements attached to rails on both ends: a 1-meter long,

spring-loaded sliding ramp (2); the main shore side ramp, more firmly fixed to rails on

both ends of the ramp (3); and an endplate hinged to the ramp to allow a smooth drive

to and from the ferry (4). The sections move up and down on the rails, and depending on

the sea level, the movement can be several meters. In addition, the spring-loaded ramp

itself slides approximately 150 – 200 mm in each arrival as it dampens the velocity of the

arriving ferry.

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1. Ferry ramp 2. Dampening element 3. Main shore side ramp 4. Hinged endplate

The second factor – a special characteristic for Swedish ferries – was the ferry-side ramp (1), which is an approximately 5-meter long hydraulic ramp on both ends for two car lanes. The ramp’s hinge is on the ferry side, resulting in vertical movement of the ferry as it sinks from the weight of heavy vehicles embarking and disembarking.

The placement of the socket on the ferry also had constraints. As the trucks can be up to 4.5 meters high, it was not possible to position it over the car lanes that require a free height of a minimum of 5 meters. Further, the position of the socket should not endan- ger the safety of the pedestrians.

3.2. Solutions

The first challenge was solved by welding the charger unit to the midmost element of the shore-side ramp. This enabled accommodating the changing sea water level and least disturbance to the existing system.

The socket was placed on the same side as the pedestrian walkway in order not to limit the height of the car ramp. To ensure the safe embarkation and disembarkation of pe- destrians, it was installed above the walkway to a height of 3.5 meters.

4. Test period

In total, the system attempted 5,318 connections, of which 4,984 were successful. This denotes a success rate of 95 %. The number of connections is lower than the actual ferry visits to Ljusterö. The difference stems from the system being switched off due to e.g.

unexperienced crew, radio disturbances or changing the connection pier.

The system recorded and sent information to ABB for the monitoring and fine-tuning of the functions. Connection failures were analyzed based on both the recorded sequence and the footage filmed by some of the three cameras installed to the charger unit: one under the weather cover, second and third under the extension cover. The third camera is rotatable and installed during the service visit in March to better analyze the docking of the ferry. The connection attempts were recorded on a weekly basis and reported to STA Road Ferries.

1

.. 2

.. 3

.. 4

..

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Mere two service visits were made to Ljusterö, first on March 10 and the second on June 23 – 24. The service visits included mechanical modifications based on the results and analysis received from the system.

4.1. Faults and failures

The unsuccessful connections are concentrated on three specific sequences: 45 (44 % of faults), 13 (21 % of faults) and 40 (20 % of faults). The main faults, occurring in se-

quences 40 and 45, were resolved after a modification to the camera:

Sequence 45 (125 cases) – Driving plug to ship socket

Ca. 2,5 % of the connections were faulty due to intense sun, which led to an error in lo- cating the LED light in the socket and not finding the correct target. The camera was re- placed on a service visit to Ljusterö, after which the fault was resolved.

Sequence 40 (56 cases) – Driving arm to ship socket line

Ca. 1,1 % of the connections were faulty as the camera could not see the target at all. Of- ten the ferry had arrived at the ramp too left or right compared to the camera’s visibility angle. The visibility window of the charger unit for finding and connecting to the target is +/- 250 mm horizontally and vertically, whereas at times the ferry had been berthed ca.

1 meter to either side.

Another factor is that the ferry slides during embarking and disembarking cars. The dis- tance of the movement varies, most likely due to the propeller pushing the ferry. This causes a fault that results in failing the sequences 40 and 45.

Sequence 13 (60 cases) – Opening the weather cover

The rapidly opening weather door did not open, representing 1,2 % of the faulty connec- tions. This fault occurred on July 20 for the first time and since then, it has transpired ca.

60 times. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there has not been a possibility for a service

visit to solve the cause. There is no visible damage on the door, and it started operating

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correctly after a system restart. Once the fault can be examined on the unit display, it can be most likely be easily resolved.

Other faults occurred in the following sequences:

Sequence 46 (15 cases) – Plug partly in ship socket; driving plug to fully connected po- sition

The fault in this sequence represents 0,3 % of the connections and was caused by the ferry being berthed too far to either side. Even though the target is visible and the sys- tem trying to connect, the joint on the plug cannot be turned and the plug pushed properly into the socket.

Sequence 21 (11 cases) – Waiting for Connect command from ship

The communication system between the ferry and the shore alternated between radio

signaling and a 3G network for sending information. The main system channel for com-

munication was radio signaling, and in case of a defect or break in the signaling, the sys-

tem changed to the 3G network. However, the system stayed in the 3G mode even

though the radio signal was recovered. The 3G network has brief shutdowns each of

which causes an alarm and the sequence to fail. The problem was solved by forcing the

system to use only the radio signal during a service visit to Ljusterö.

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5. Conclusions

It can be concluded that the test period of the prototype was successful with 95 % cor- rect connections. Furthermore, the high success rate was achieved with little mainte- nance and limited attendance.

The main fault caused by the sun was corrected by modifications to the camera after which the charger arm was able to find the proper target.

Three issues remain to be resolved:

– The fault in opening the weather door

– The position and movement of the ferry too much to either side – Shore to ship communication

With relatively minor improvements to the above issues, the future versions of the sys-

tem can reach even higher reliability, if requested.

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Appendix 1 – Failure chart

Sequence Description

13 Opening weather cover

15 Charging hydraulic accumulator pressure to 130 bar 20 Drive unit to waiting point

21 Waiting for Connect command from ship 22 Drive arm up to camera control starting point 30 Checking camera image

40 Driving arm to ship socket line

41 Ship side weather cover not fully opened 44 Charging hydraulic accumulator press to 130 bar 45 Driving plug to ship socket

46 Plug partly in ship socket; driving plug to fully connected position 47 Plug partly in ship socket; arm extended over 1350 mm

48 Plug partly in ship socket; arm extended over 1400 mm 50 Plug connected; ready for charging

60 Pulling connector out from ship socket

70 Driving unit back to home position

75 Closing weather cover

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Appendix 2 – Weekly connection reports

See a separate PDF file.

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Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 4 984 60 0 3 11 0 0 56 0 0 125 15 1 0 4 0 2 0 7 2

Failed 334 309 25

Ignored 48

Success rate

Total 95 %

Additional actions/ Data:

Connected from bridge 116

Service mode on/ off 112

Charging time [h] 948,4

8 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 241 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 13 11 2 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 1 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1

Total 95 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 9

Service mode on/ off 30

Charging time [h] 39,6

9 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 305 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 12 11 1 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 1 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 1

Total 97 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 4

Service mode on/ off 6

Charging time [h] 55,6

10 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 284 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 14 9 5 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Ignored 2 3 Wed 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 4

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 96 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 6

Service mode on/ off 9

Charging time [h] 49,7

11 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 323 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 32 31 1 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Ignored 1 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 91 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 16

Service mode on/ off 12

Charging time [h] 49,9

12 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 235 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 11 11 0 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 0 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

WEEK 8

WEEK 9

WEEK 10

WEEK 11

System

TOTAL FROM WEEK 9

Attempt Failed during

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during

Attempt Failed during System

System

Attempt Failed during System

System Attempt Failed during

(14)

Charging time [h] 48,2

13 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 256 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 6 5 1 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 1 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 98 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1

Connected from bridge 0

Service mode on/ off 1

Charging time [h] 53,6

14 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 213 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 6 5 1 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 1 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Total 98 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 19

Service mode on/ off 10

Charging time [h] 33,6

15 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 242 1 Mon 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2

Failed 20 17 3 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 3 3 Wed 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 93 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 6

Service mode on/ off 6

Charging time [h] 50,2

16 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 157 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 9 9 0 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 0 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 95 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 1

Service mode on/ off 2

Charging time [h] 41,3

17 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 220 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Failed 18 16 2 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 2 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 93 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 3

Service mode on/ off 2

Charging time [h] 46,6

18 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 234 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 16 14 2 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Ignored 2 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 94 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 4

Service mode on/ off 10

Charging time [h] 49,4

19 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 328 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

WEEK 13

WEEK 14

WEEK 15

WEEK 16

WEEK 17

WEEK 18

System Attempt Failed during

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during System

(15)

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 5

Service mode on/ off 0

Charging time [h] 66,9

20 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 293 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 18 18 0 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 0 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 94 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 8

Service mode on/ off 0

Charging time [h] 55,4

21 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 66 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 5 3 2 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Ignored 0 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Total 93 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 2

Service mode on/ off 6

Charging time [h] 13,2

22 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 196 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 19 17 2 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 0 3 Wed 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Total 91 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 2

Service mode on/ off 0

Charging time [h] 28

23 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 1 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 4 3 1 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 1 3 Wed 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 25 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 1

Service mode on/ off 0

Charging time [h] 0

24 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 107 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 22 21 1 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 1 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 84 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 0

Service mode on/ off 1

Charging time [h] 15,7

WEEK 20

WEEK 21

WEEK 22

WEEK 23

WEEK 24

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during System

(16)

26 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 232 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 8 7 1 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 2 3 Wed 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 97 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 1

Service mode on/ off 9

Charging time [h] 43

27 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 208 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 3 3 0 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 1 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 99 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 2

Service mode on/ off 0

Charging time [h] 40,2

28 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 349 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 3 2 1 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 2 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 100 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 3

Service mode on/ off 7

Charging time [h] 67,7

29 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 107 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 0 0 0 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 0 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 100 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 0

Service mode on/ off 0

Charging time [h] 21,4

30 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 0 1 Mon 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 9 9 0 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 9 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total #DIV/0! 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 1

Service mode on/ off 0

Charging time [h] 0

31 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 0 1 Mon 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 16 16 0 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 16 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total #DIV/0! 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 5

Service mode on/ off 0

Charging time [h] 0

32 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 223 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

WEEK 26

WEEK 27

WEEK 28

WEEK 29

WEEK 30

WEEK 31

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during System

(17)

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 1

Service mode on/ off 2

Charging time [h] 39,2

33 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 133 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 19 19 0 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 0 3 Wed 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 88 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 13

Service mode on/ off 13

Charging time [h] 19,2

34 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 150 1 Mon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 28 28 0 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 0 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 84 % 6 Sat 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 4

Service mode on/ off 0

Charging time [h] 34,3

35 Human External

Total attempts Connection Disconnection Seq 13 Seq 15 Seq 20 Seq 21 Seq 22 Seq 30 Seq 40 Seq 41 Seq 44 Seq 45 Seq 46 Seq 47 Seq 48 Seq 49 Seq 50 Seq 60 Seq 70 Seq 75 Other

Successful 122 1 Mon 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed 14 14 0 2 Tue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ignored 0 3 Wed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Thu 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Success rate 5 Fri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 90 % 6 Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Additional actions/ Data: 7 Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connected from bridge 4

Service mode on/ off 12

Charging time [h] 26,1

WEEK 35 WEEK 33

WEEK 34

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during System

Attempt Failed during System

References

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