Multiphase flow measurements using ultrasound

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LICENTIATE THESIS

Multiphase Flow Measurements Using Ultrasound

JOHAN CARLSON

Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Division of Industrial Electronics

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(15)

H YA|iNaW|NA

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transmitter receiver receiver array

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(16)

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(17)

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(18)

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(19)

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(26)

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(27)

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(29)

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@u|ih @_t|?} |i 4L_i* T@h@4i|iht 6}hi SEM @?_ EU tL L |i 4L_i* uL**Lt

ihi ULti? tL |@| |i 4L_i* L|T| @?_ |i 4i@thi_ T*tit @}hii uLh TihUi?| Lu }*@tt tTihitì tii |@| |i @}hii4i?| t ih) }LL_ uLh @?_ 2 Tih Ui?|c M| t*}|*) Lhti uLh TihUi?| Lu }*@tt tTihit ì? _ih?} |i 4L_i*c i @tt4i_ |@| |i tL?_ t L?*) tU@||ihi_ L?Ui _h?} |i ThLT@}@|L? ì? |i UL?Ui?|h@|L? Lu T@h|U*it ?Uhi@titc

|t @tt4T|L? _Lit ?L *L?}ih L*_c @?_ |t UL*_ Mi @| i tii ? }hi SEU 6}hi S tLt |@| |i t4*@|i_ t}?@* @iuLh4 @}hiit | 4i@thi_ _@|@c @?_ ? }hi .

i tii |@| |i @ih@}i i?ih}) Lu |i t4*@|i_ T*tit @*tL @}hiit | 4i@thi_ _@|@

(31)

2e BVji

91 91.5 92 92.5 93

-4 -2 0 2 4 6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6

Outputlevel(mV)Outputlevel(mV)Outputlevel(mV)

Time, t (¹s)

Time, t (¹s) Time, t (¹s)

(a)

(b)

(c)

Pure water

1% particles (measured) 1% particles (simulated)

Pure water

Iljxuh 9= Frpsdulvrq ri dyhudjhg sxovhv

D L?U*tL?t

6hL4 |i t4*@|L?t i UL?U*_i |@| |t 4L_i* U@? Mi ti_ |L ^@*|@|i*) _itUhMi

|i igiU| Lu tU@||ih?} Lu *|h@tL?_ uLh |t i Tih4i?|@* ti|T W| t U*i@h |@| |i 4@?

igiU| t |i t@_L?} Lu |i _hiU| @i Mi|ii? |i |h@?t4||ih @?_ |i hiUiih Ai 4*|T@| ThLT@}@|L? t @*tL t}?U@?| |L |i U@?}i Lu @iuLh4c @?_ i U@? tii |@|

i? tU@||ih?} LUUhtc |i @h@|L?t ? T*ti i?ih}) ?Uhi@ti |L@h_t |i i?_ Lu |i T*ti 6Lh *@h}i T@h|U*itc |i t@_L?} Lu |i _hiU| @i t |i 4@? igiU|c *i uLh t4@**ih T@h|U*itc |i 4*|T@| ThLT@}@|L? ?Uhi@titc U@t?} *@h}ih @h@|L?t @| |i

(32)

-jujijAWjt 2D

Particle concentration (%)

Averageenergy

Average energy (measured) Average energy (simulated)

Iljxuh := Dyhudjh hqhuj| iru phdvxuhg dqg vlpxodwhg sxovhv1

|@* Lu |i T*tit Atc M) t|_)?} |i @iuLh4 Lu @ hiUii_ *|h@tL?U T*tic i U@?

_i|ih4?i i|ih Lh ?L| tU@||ih?} @t LUUhhi_c @?_ M) |@| _h@ UL?U*tL?t @ML|

|i T@h|U*i t3i @?_ @||i?@|L? Wu |i 4L_i* t _ii*LTi_ uh|ihc | t TLttM*i |@| |i hi*@|L?tT Mi|ii? |i _@4T?} Lu |i ht| |L 4@ 4@ Lu |i T*ti @?_ |i ?Uhi@ti Lu i?ih}) ? |i |@* Lu |i T*ti U@? Mi ti_ |L _i|ih4?i L*4i uh@U|L?t

`i @*tL tii uhL4 |i t4*@|L?t |@| |i @tt4T|L? |@| |i tL?_ t tU@||ihi_ L?*) L?Uic L?*) L*_t uLh *L T@h|U*i UL?Ui?|h@|L?t

+iuihi?Uit

do a @L!c w w@h@Uc @?_ #_L!LUc L?W?@ti L?|Lh?} Lu *|T@ti 6*Lt ,*tiihc bb.

d2o A 5 `|@!ihc hii Lu 4*|T@ti L4i|iht @?_ u|hi _ii*LT4i?| TL|i?

|@*tc ? 6*L i@th4i?|G hLUii_?}t Lu |i S| W?| L?u L? 6*L i@thi

4i?|c 6w,k<bHc E5iL*c kLhi@c TT S2HSec U| bb

do a #i*t?}c ?i i*LU|) @*}Lh|4 uLh t?}@hL?_ |)Ti L 4i|ihtc W,,, Ah@?t L? N*|h@tL?Utc 6ihhLi*iU|hUtc @?_ 6hi^i?U) L?|hL*c L* ec ?L ec TT

eeSc bH.

deo Lhti @?_ k N W?}@@h_c AiLhi|U@* ULt|Ut h?Ui|L? N?iht|) hittc

bHS

dDo Bhi??Mih} @?_ 5@?_i**c ,t|4@|L? Lu tMt@4T*i |4i _i*@) _gihi?Uit

(33)

2S BVji

? ?@hhLM@?_ *|h@tL?U iULit t?} |i O*Mih| |h@?tuLh4 ULhhi*@|Lhc W,,, Ah@?t L? N*|h@tL?Ut 6ihhLi*iU|hUtc @?_ 6hi^i?U) L?|hL*c L* ec TT DHHDbDc 5iT bbe

dSo O ` L*i4@? @?_ ` B 5|ii*i ahc , Tih4i?|@|L? @?_ N?Uih|@?|) ?@*)tt uLh ,?}?iiht `*i) W?|ihtUi?Uic bHb

(34)

BVji N*|h@tL?U i@thi4i?|t Lu @h|U*i

L?Ui?|h@|L? ? @ *|T@ti 6*L

|LhtG

aL@? @h*tL? @?_ ?_iht Bhi??Mih}

,_|i_ ihtL? Lu T@Tih Lh}?@**) TM*ti_ ?G

hLU Lu W,,, W?|ih?@|L?@* N*|h@tL?Ut 5)4TLt4 bbbc Ew@!i A@Lic i@_@c N5c

bbb W? Th?|

2.

(35)

2H BVji