• No results found

Svar Fråga Situationen för homosexuella i Gambia Fråga-svar

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2022

Share "Svar Fråga Situationen för homosexuella i Gambia Fråga-svar"

Copied!
6
0
0

Loading.... (view fulltext now)

Full text

(1)

Sida 1 av 6 2012-05-29

Fråga-svar

Situationen för homosexuella i Gambia

Fråga

Information önskas om någon i Gambia dömts för att vara homosexuell och/eller vad den rättsliga påföljden kan vara om man upptäcks/uppfattas som homosexuell i Gambia.

Svar

ILGA (2012) hänvisar till den gambiska strafflagen, Criminal Code (Amendment Act) 2005

http://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/SERIAL/75299/78264/F1686462058/GMB752 99.pdf

Gambia

Male/Male Illegal Female/Female Illegal

Criminal Code 1965, as amended in 2005 143 144 Article 144: Unnatural offences

“(1) Any person who—

(a) has carnal knowledge of any person against the order of nature; or

(b) has carnal knowledge of an animal; or

(c) permits any person to have carnal knowledge of him or her against the order of nature;

is guilty of a felony, and is liable to imprisonment for a term of 14 years.

(2) In this section- “carnal knowledge of any person against the order of nature” includes-

(a) carnal knowledge of the person through the anus or the mouth of the person;

(b) inserting any object or thing into the vulva or the anus of the person for the purpose of simulating sex; and (c) committing any other homosexual act with the person” (s. 28f)

(2)

UD (2011) uppger att ingen “såvitt känt” blivit dömd till fängelsestraff för homosexualitet.

Homosexualitet är förbjudet enligt lag och är starkt tabubelagt i det gambiska samhället. Utlevd homosexualitet kan resultera i fängelsestraff på mellan fem och 14 år. Ingen har dock ännu, såvitt känt, dömts till fängelse för homosexualitet. President Jammeh sade 2008 att alla homosexuella personer skulle låtas halshuggas.

Utifrån perspektivet med riskerna kring hiv/aids-smittan har frågan om homosexualitet börjat uppmärksammas av oberoende media.(s. 8)

Även US Department of State uppger att ingen blivit åtalad för sin homosexualitet.

The law establishes prison terms ranging from five to 14 years for any man who commits in public or private “any act of gross indecency,” engages a male sex worker, or has actual sexual contact with another man; however, to date, no one has been prosecuted. There was no similar law targeting women. There was strong societal discrimination against LGBT individuals, some of whom were shunned.

In a January speech to army officers, President Jammeh announced he wanted a professional army “free of gays and saboteurs.” In a 2009 speech before the National Assembly, President Jammeh called homosexual conduct

“strange behavior that even God will not tolerate.”

Despite such statements, there were no reported incidents of physical violence against LGBT individuals during the year. There were no LGBT organizations in the country.

(s. 24f)

Landinfos rapport från mars 2011 beskriver situationen för homosexuella i Gambia vad gäller bl.a. diskriminering, lagstiftning och myndighetsskydd.

USAs utenriksdepartement opplyser i sin siste årlige rapport om menneskerettslige forhold i Gambia at landets straffelov ikke inneholder noe konkret lovforbud mot homoseksuelle handlinger (U.S. Department of State 2010, section 6). Human Rights Watch (HRW) opplyser imidlertid at gambiske domstoler regner homoseksuelle handlinger som “handlinger mot naturen”, som er forbudt i henhold til § 144 i gambisk straffelov. Strafferammen er fengsel i opptil 14 år (HRW 2008). Siden 2005 regnes bestemmelsen å omfatte både seksuelle handlinger mellom menn og mellom kvinner (Wikander 2011).

(3)

Merk at islamsk shari’a-rett bare praktiseres i gambisk familierett, og ikke i strafferetten.(s. 2)

Rapporten redogör också för uttalanden som president Jammeh gjort mot homosexuella.

Ifølge BBC sa Jammeh også at han ville halshugge homofile i Gambia (BBC News 2008).

Disse uttalelsene er klare og tydelige, men det kan være at det her skjer en viss sammenblanding av begrepene homoseksualitet og pedofili, særlig siden Jammeh ga homofile beskjed om å forlate landet innen 24 timer (BBC News 2008). Gambia har lenge vært reisemål for europeiske menn som begår overgrep mot gambiske mindreårige, både gutter og jenter (se Kvilesjø 2007). (s.

2f) ---

Landinfo mener derfor det er grunn til å tro at begreper som homosexual og gay i en viss grad assosieres med hvite mannlige turister som er ute etter sex med mindreårige gambiske gutter. I en artikkel i den gambiske nettavisa Freedom går det tydelig fram at uttalelsene til Jammeh som ble referert ovenfor ble forstått som rettet mot utenlandske turister, og at de ble fulgt opp av politiaksjoner mot områder som frekventeres av europeiske menn mistenkt for å søke sex med gambiske menn (Ceesay 2008). (s. 3)

Landinfo uppger att man inte funnit något fall där homosexuella gambier blivit åtalade p.g.a. homosexuella handlingar.

Landinfo har ikke funnet konkrete eksempler på at gambiske borgere er blitt stilt for retten

siktet for homoseksuelle handlinger.

Menneskerettighetsorganisasjonen ACDHRS opplyste i møte med Landinfo i oktober 2010 at de ikke kjente til eksempler på rettssaker hvor personer var blitt tiltalt for brudd på Gambias lovforbud mot homoseksuelle handlinger.(s. 3)

Heller ikke FNs høykommissær for menneskerettigheter nevner eksempler på at noen er blitt siktet eller straffet for homoseksuelle handlinger i Gambia. I rapporten som lå til grunn for gjennomgangen av forholdene i landet gjort av arbeidsgruppa til FNs menneskerettighetsråd i februar 2010, refereres det imidlertid til at den britiske fagorganisasjonen Trades Union Congress (TUC) uttrykker uro over president Jammehs homofobiske uttalelser og fordømmer urettmessige arrestasjoner av borgere mistenkt for å ha gjort homoseksuelle handlinger (UN

(4)

HRC 2009, s. 3). Dette, sammen med informasjonen fra Amnesty referert ovenfor, er en indikasjon på at arrestasjoner forekommer, selv om de ikke fører til siktelser og straffeforfølgelse. (s. 4)

Nyhetsrapporter från 2012 med information om att homosexuella arresterats

News 24 (2012-04-10):

Banjul - Gambian police arrested 15 men "suspected of homosexuality" at a bar in a suburb of the capital Banjul, police sources told AFP on Tuesday.

Pink News (2012-04-12):

Three people have been arrested in the Gambia this week on indecency charges related to homosexuality.

Two women, who are from the Gambia, and one Nigerian man were arrested on charges of indecent gay practices, the Gambian Daily Observer reports.

---

All pleaded guilty and were bailed for a week.

Allafrica (2012-04-21):

18 Gambian youth among them 2 females, 1 Nigerian and 1 Senegalese, were on Thursday 19 April brought before Principal Magistrate Sheriff B. Tabally of the Kanifing Magistrates' Court and charged with the offence of " Attempt to commit un-natural Offences", contrary to section 145 of the Criminal Code, Laws of The Gambia 2009.

All the 20 people pleaded not guilty to the charge and were granted bail by the Court.

Allafrica (2012-04-23):

In the midst of the chorus of widespread condemnations of the imposition of values and norms alien to Africa under the pretext of human rights, the Gambian leader has made his position clear, denouncing in the strongest term possible terms what he called "ungodly gay

(5)

marriages", saying his country has no "room for gays and lesbians".

His Excellency Sheikh Professor Alhaji Dr Yahya Jammeh made the condemnation Friday at the Legislative Chambers, while presiding over the 2012 State Opening of the National Assembly.

He said: "If you want us to be ungodly for you to give us aid, take your aid away, we will survive. We will rather eat grass than accept this ungodly evil attitude that is anti-God, anti-human and anti-creation. What is interesting is that Muslim veils have been banned [in some Western countries], and they want us to accept gays and lesbians in Africa, hell no! It will not happen in this country.

Allafrica (2012-05-24):

The case involving the 18 alleged homosexuals and two alleged lesbians, charged with indecent act, contrary to the laws of The Gambia, was yesterday adjourned by Principal Magistrate Sheriff Tabally of the Kanifing Magistrates' Court.

Denna sammanställning av information/länkar är baserad på informationssökningar gjorda under en begränsad tid. Den är sammanställd utifrån noggrant utvalda och allmänt tillgängliga informationskällor. Alla använda källor refereras. All information som presenteras, med undantag av obestridda/uppenbara fakta, har dubbelkontrollerats om inget annat anges.

Sammanställningen gör inte anspråk på att vara uttömmande och bör inte tillmätas exklusivt bevisvärde i samband med avgörandet av ett enskilt ärende.

Informationen i sammanställningen återspeglar inte nödvändigtvis Migrationsverkets officiella ståndpunkt i en viss fråga och det finns ingen avsikt att genom sammanställningen göra politiska ställningstaganden.

Refererade dokument bör läsas i sitt sammanhang.

Källförteckning

Allafrica, Gambia: No Room for Gays, Lesbians - President Jammeh, 2012- 04-23

http://allafrica.com/stories/201204230896.html (Hämtad 2012-05-29)

Allafrica, Gambia: 18 Men, Two Female Charged With Attempt UN-Natural Offence, 2012-04-21

http://allafrica.com/stories/201204250899.html

(Hämtad 2012-05-29)

(6)

Allafrica, Gambia: Alleged Homosexuals, Lesbians' Case Stalls, 2012-05- 24

http://allafrica.com/stories/201205240979.html (Hämtad 2012-05-29)

International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association (ILGA), State Sponsored Homophobia. A world survey of laws

criminalising same-sex sexual acts between consenting adults, maj 2012 http://old.ilga.org/Statehomophobia/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_

2012.pdf

(Hämtad 2012-05-29)

Landinfo, Gambia: Forhold for homofile, 2011-03-11 http://www.landinfo.no/asset/1567/1/1567_1.pdf (Hämtad 2012-05-29)

News 24, Gambia cops arrest 15 'gay' men, 2012-04-10

http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/Gambia-cops-arrest-15-gay-men- 20120410

(Hämtad 2012-05-29)

Pink News, Two women and a man arrested in the Gambia on gay charges, 2012-04-12

http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2012/04/12/two-women-and-a-man-arrested-in- the-gambia-on-gay-charges/

(Hämtad 2012-05-29)

UD, Mänskliga rättigheter i Gambia 2010, 2011-07-07, Lifos dokument 25682

US Department of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2011, 2012-05-24

http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/186411.pdf

(Hämtad 2012-05-29)

References

Related documents

Canada IRB - Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Democratic People's Republic of Korea and Republic of Korea: Whether there are any limitations on the eligibility for citizens

Only one (1) request shall be allowed to be filed within thirty (30) days from receipt of the decision. The Secretary shall issue a written resolution on the reconsideration within

Saw Steve, chairperson of the Committee for Internally Displaced Karen People spoke to Karen News about the media reports that said that “the government and the Karen National

European Platform for Investing in Children har publicerat information om socialt skydd i Rumänien: Romania: Accessible social assistance benefits, insufficient and costly

Some authors have argued that the influence of Islam in Iran has declined over the past three decades or have suggested that, while the majority of Iranians declare themselves

rape]; in which case, the man who committed zina by coercion or force shall be sentenced to the death penalty.. Note 1- Punishment of the woman who has committed zina in

Uzbek- language media outlets, which were forced to close in the aftermath of the conflict, began to make their way back into the market, but in smaller numbers,

The Committee regrets that the information on the situation of Roma in the periodic report of the State party remains scarce and that there is no information on any strategy the