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ödsmål, Kville sn, Bohuslän Hällristning Rock carving Fiskare från Bronze age bronsåldern fishermen
MEDDELANDE från
HAVSFISKELABORATORIET - LYSEKIL
Hydrografiska avdelningen, Göteborg
Observations along the Swedish Coast and in the Deep Basins in the Baltic, 1975.
by Sven Engström and Stig Fonselius Hydrography of the Kattegat and the
Skagerrak Area, Swedish Observations, 1975 by Artur Svansson
(Contributions to ICES "Annales Biologiques"
December 1976
---
---/
V
^ ~SS ■ ■ H
■■ -■ - ■■
Hydrography pf the Kattegat and the Skagerrak Area 1975
In the Figures 2 and 3 results of daily measurements at Bornö station (58° 22.85'IM 11°35.05' E) in the Gullmar
Fiord are presented as deviations, in temperature and salinity from the mean values 1931 - 1960. All temperature deviations were positive.
Temperature,salinity and total phosphorus were measured 10 times,at a position l\I 58°17 E 11°D2' at 10 depths.
Data were published in Anon. (1976).
The Skagerrak Deep (M 6) was visited 5 times during the year (Table 1). Temperature dropped slightly which may indicate a small renewal of water with rise in oxygen content.
Table 2 shows the oxygen saturation values at station Fladen in IM. Kattegat. The deep minimum apparently occurred quite normally in September; there are few measurements there
after, however.
Since August 1974 there is a project of determining transports of water and matter through a section Frederikshavn - Göteborg.
In connection with this project total phosphorus was measured once a day at the Danish lightvessel Läsö Nord, later Läsö Trindel, simultaneously with the ordinary hydrographic work.
Table 3 presents monthly means. Whereas simultaneous values differ only slightly vertically, there is a maximum in February and minimum in June - August.
Reference :
Anon. 1976: Oceanographical Data 1975, Swedish Coast Guard, Meddelande från Havsfisklaboratoriet, Nr. 198.
Artur Svansson
Depth m
200 300 400 500 600
200 300 400 500 600
200 300 400 500 600
200 300 400 500 600
200 300 400 500 600
Table 1
58°1C1K 09° 30’E
Temp. S °2
°C <ano nil/].
February 1c>
7.12 35.095 6.19
6.59 35.132 6.15
6.26 35.132 6.24
6.12 35.124 6.32
6.03 35.129 6.31
April 14
7.04 35.094 6.42
5.75 35.H3 6.23
6.48 35.146 6.57
6.24 35.147 6.10
6.10 35.144 6.06
July 02
6.48 35.122 6.69
6.27 35.131 6.64
6.09 35.138 6.42
6.02 35.138 6.53
5.92 35.133 6.75
August 25
6.42 35.122 6.49
6.19 35.132 6 »38
6.07 35.132 6.34
6.00 35.131 6.44
5.96 35.135 6.58
6.53 6.35 6.14 6.03 5.95
35.130 6.44
35.133 6.44
35.136 6.41
35.140 6.37
35.141 6.56
October 23
P er ce n ta g e
OxygenS at u ra ti o n at 5 7 0
11.5
*T1>104 0
1E(P la d en
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Baltic jr 1975 and the -beginning of 1.276.
Tn the Baltic the oxygen situation in the, deep water was severe already in the beginning of the year. Small amounts of hydrogen sulfrde were round in the Gotland and the Landsort Deeps in March (fig. 1)• In May-dune the hydrogen sulfide had increased in the eastern parts of
the Baltic (fig.2). How also the Bornholm basin had become contaminated, but in the Landsort Deep the hydrogen sulfide had disappeared. In sep
tember the oxygen conditions had impaired in the whole Baltic proper, except in the Landsort Deep (fig. 3). In November-December the hydrogen sulfide disappeared from the Western Gotland Basin, but a little conta
mination was found in the Landsort Deep (fig- 4).
The severe winter storms in December, however, forced in new water through the sounds. Fig. 5 shows the salinity changes in the Arkona Basin. It can be seen that the salinity suddenly increased in the bottom water efter the last expedition in December. In January 19 to sali
nity in the bottom water was more than 20 %. Fig 6 shows the oxygen conditions in the Bornholm Basin during the same time. Here we can see how the hydrogen sulfide disappeared during the winter and that the
oxygen value close to the bottom at 90 m was as high as 6.28 ml/1, in Janury 1976. Fig. 7 shows the oxygen conditions in the Gotland Deep during 1975. The hydrogen sulfide remained in the deep water through the whole year. Fig. 8 shows the inflow of oxygen rich water into the Baltic, measured by the "Argos" along the standard section from^BY 3
to BY 15 in March 1976. It is obvious that the bottom water of the Gotland Deep very soon will be renewed.
Surface water with higher salinity was during the autumn forced into the Baltic. The increased surface salinity can be observed along the whole Swedish coast up to the Aland Sea by nelp of observations,
the coast guard ships. Fig:s. 9 and 10 show the surface salinities at the coast guard observation points during 1974 and 1975.
Sven G. Engström and Stig H.Fonselius A eknowledgement.
This work has been supported with grants from the national Swedes, Environment Protection Board, contracts Ho. 7-69/ >6, i 66/7.
7—66/76,
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