(Hy*., of in

Notes on Embolemidae and Bethylidae in Sweden with Description of a New Genus and Speeies

(Hy*., Bethyloidea)

By K.Lnr,-JoHlN Heogvrsr

Swedish Natural Science Research council c/o Dept. of Ent., Swedish Museum of Natural History, S-f04 05 Stockholm, Sweden

Abstract

HrogvIsr, K.-J. Notes on Embolemidae and Bethylidae in Sweden with description of a nerv genus and species (Hym., Bethyloidea).

- ^Ent.

Tidskr. 96: l2l-132, 1975.

The author has revised the Su'edish Embole- midae and Bethylidae and selected lectotypes of lhe species described by Thomson. He also de- scribes a new genus and a new species: Snappania gen.n. aftuslensis sp.n. from the province of

Skine. The following species are recorded for the first time from Sweden: Pseudisobrachium subcganeum (Hal.), Cephalonomia hammi Rich., Cephalonomia _{f ormicif} ormis Westw., Laelius

f emoralis (F<irst.), Laelius utilis Cocker., and Rhabdepgris mgrmecophilus Kieff. The previous-

ly unknown male of Rhabdepgris mgrmecophilus Kieff. is described.

Family Embolemidae

A small family with only one species in

Sweden.

Embolemus ruddi Westw.

Westwood, 1833, Philos. Mag. (3) 2: 41S.

Syn.: Mgrmecomorphus rufescens Westwood, 1833, Mag. nat. Hist. 6:496.

Pedinomma tulescens Fiirster, 1856, Hy- menopt. Stud.: 9-l-95.

?. ^{(fig. 1). Reddish} testaceous, only eyes

black. Entirely wingless.

6. ^Blackish brown

- black rvith antennal

joints 1-2 and Iegs somen'hat paler; palpi testaceous. \\'ing veins brorvn and the $,ings

a little infuscate. The male is winged (fig.

2 A) and is more slender than the female.

Distribution: Czechoslovakia, Denmark, England, France, Germany, Finland, Hun- gary, Russia (URSS), Sweden, Switzerland, Austria.

Material seen from Sweden:

SkAne: Ringsjrin 3 Q ^{(coll. Thomson).} -

Blekinge: Rrideby, Gagnekulla 21.VIII.60 1 ₆

(SDH); Tving 22.IX.65 2 6 ^(SDH). - ^Oland:

1 Q ^without locality (coll. Thomson).

- ^SmA-

land: Virkvarn 19.IX.61 1 d ^(HEQ) ; ^{Vexjri 29.}

IX.60 2 d (HEQ); Lammhult I6.VIII. 66 2 6 (SDH).

- ^Uppland: Ryggmossen 16.IX.-22.X.

61 3 ? ^(HMA) ; ^{Viinge, Fiby urskog 12.V.46 1} I

(LBL) . - ^{Vlrmland: Vitsand l0.VIII. 70} | ₆

(SDH).

- Medelpad: Overturingen 12.IX.58 1 _d

(HEQ).

Biology: Nothing is knorvn about the

biology of E. ruddi. Males are taken in the autumn, the females seem to hibernate.

E"ι r,」

r θ 6 ゴ ,75 3_4

1r9 KARL-JOHAN HEDQVIST

Fig. l. ^{Embolemus ruddi Westw.} Q.

Family Bethylidae

It is a large family of usually small species.

In ^Sweden we have 13 species belonging to

9 ^genera. They are not true parasites, but somerrhat intermediate in ^{habits betrveen}

parasitic and fossorial Hymenoptera. Many bethylids, after paralysing the prey, drag it to a crevice and there stand guard over it.

No true nests are formed as in Sphecidae or Pompilidae. Often more than one egg may be laid on each host. The eggs are ^placed externally. The mature larva ^spins a cocoon.

The main hosts seem to be larvae of Coleo- ptera living in soil, rvood and seeds but also

larvae of Lepidoptera are attacked ^(chiefly borers, seed-feeders, case-bearers, and ^leaf- rollers). Adult Bethylidae usually feed on the body fluids of the host, some species paralyse hosts only for feeding purposes. In a ^few

genera (e.g. Epgri.s, Anisepllris, Goniozus) the adults also feed on carbohydrates, u,hich they find in honeydew on leafs, more seldom

in flowers.

Ent. Tidskr. 96' 1975' 3 - ⁴

liig.2. A. Embolentus ruddi \Vestw. {, ^forewing.

B-C. Rhabdepgris mgrmecophilus Kieff. _d.

B. Forewing. C. Head in dorsal view.

All bethylid ^u'asps have a characteristic facies (fig. 3) and rvith a little experience

they are not difficult to ^separate from ^other Hymenoptera. They are small, elongate and often depressed rvasps. Head usually elongate

and somervhat prognathous; antennae have

either trvelve or thirteen ^segments in ^both

sexes. Pronotum reaches to the tegulae and legs are short. Wings ^{sometimes reduced or} absent, when present the venation is reduced.

The family Bethylidae is divided into three subfamilies: Bethylinae, Pristocerinac ^and

Ep-vrinae.

Key to subfamilies (modified after ^Evans

1964)

1. Wings ^(when fully developed) with a ^vein,

sometimes shortened to a stub, arising from

the basal vein ^{(fig. 7} A-E) . Clypeus with ^a

NOTES ON EMBOLEMIDAE AND BETHYLIDAE IN SWEDEN 123 median carina (or a ^polished area) $rhich

continues up the front well above the anten- nal bases (fig. a A-C) _; claws strongly curved

anddeeplybifid.. Bethylinae -. ^{Wings (when} fully developed) with the basal

vein simple (or absent) without a vein or ^a stub of vein (fig. 9 A); clypeus variable, sel-

dom (and then in winged forms) with its median area continuous with a polished streak or carina on the lower front; claws variable, very rarely bifid . . ... 2.

2. Ilales with metanotum lvell developed with a fovea in front of scutellum. Scutellum and propodeum not nearly in contact medially.

Females always apterous, with the eyes small

to absent, ocelli absent and antennal scapus flattened to a thin flange at base ..

.. Pristocerinae -. Ilales (like ^females) with the metanotum

much reduced. The scutellum in contact with the propodeum medially or nearly so; or if slightly separated, the metanotum not emar- ginate or foveolate medially; females winged, brachypterous or nearly apterous, not en-

:'::11 ::::::: :: ^',.1 ::'::::il't'i _{; ;;} ^, ;;;

Subfamily Bethylinae

Key to Swedish genera

1. Species with wings ... ^2.

-. ^{Species apterous} or with shortened wings 4.

2. Antennae with 13 joints. _Head, fig. 5 A . . . .

. . ... Goniozus Fiirst.

-. ^Antennae with 12 joints . ... ^B.

3. Eyes nude .. .. ^Bethglus Latr.

-. ^Eyes hairy . Anotus Thoms.

4. Antennae with 12 segments. Propodeum not margined posteriorly. ... Bethglus Latr.

Gortiozus Forst.

Fdrster, 1856, Hymenopt. Stud. 2:96.

Type: Bethglus claripennis Ftirst.

In Srveden only one species.

Goniozus claripennis (Forst.)

Fdrster, 1851, Verh. naturh. Ver. preuss. Rheinl.

8:7. Q.

Syn.: Bellrylus Iormicarius ^{Audouin, 18-12,} Hist.

nat. Ins. nuisibles: 189; nec Panzer 1806.

Goniozus distigmus Thomson, 1862, Ofvers.

Fig.3.Bο

“ ^sノ IISCicornis(Jur・ )9.

k. svenska VetenskAkad. F6rh. 18:152.― ―

A specimen(9)from Skane,Glimakra se

lected as lectotype.

Gο nfο zIIs alldOIIninf Westwood, 1874, Thesaur. ent. Oxon.: 168.

♀ . Black; mandibles, antennae, tibiae and tarsi pale testaceous; antenna 、 vith seg_

ment l basally and the last four segments darkening; part of nlid and hind tibiae and 5th segment Of all tarsi darker;Legula brO、 vn;

wings hyaline, beyond pterostigma mOre or less darkened; pterostigma, cOsta and radius

brown, the rest of veins ye1low. Forewing, fig.7B.

ご .Similar to female.

Length: 2.5--3.5 nlln.

Distribution:Probably distributed thrOugh_

out the Palearctic regiOn ヽ laterial seen from Sweden(only number of localities given for each province):

Skine: 6 1oc. 28 9, 2 6 (HEQ, JNS, LBL, SDH,TJB).― ― Blekinge:4 1oc.49,1 6(HEQ, LBL, SDH).― -01and:3 1oc.3 9 (HEQ,SDH,

ヽ VRN).一 ^― Gotland:3 1oc.8♀ (HEQ,SDH).―

Gotska Sand6n: 19 9, 1 6 (HEQ, HUG, JNS, SDH).― Smaland:4 1oc.59,16(JNS).―

― -Ostergё tland:2 1oc.29(HEQ,HUG).― ― ^SO―

dermanland:1 loc.19(SDH).― 一 Nirke:6 1oc 39,36(JNS).一 Virmland:1 loc.2♀ IJNS, WRN)一 HalSingland: 1 loc. 1 9 (SDH). _一

Å ngermanland: 1 loc.1 9(HEQ).

Eπ ι r,dsた″ .96 7,75'3-4

il l′ ￨)

)"" ',' _,, ,' ^,'

l ,J I t

r.ナ lr''o 111111) I

tl!° ￨!β

124 KARL‐ JOHAN HEDQVIST

B e t h y I u s Latr.

Latreille, 1802, Hist. Crust. Ins., 3: 315.

Syn.: Perisemus Fiirster, 1856, Hymenopt. Stud.

2:95, 96.

Episemus Thomson, 1862, Ofvers. k. sven-

ska VetenskAkad. F<irh. 18:452.

Type: Omalus /uscicorrris Jurine'

Small black u'asps rvith ^paler legs and antennae. \Vings often very short but tegulae present. Maxillary palpi 5-jointed and labial palpi with tt'o ^{joints. Mandibles} *'ith four and five teeth. Clypeus short with a ^median carina. Antennae rvith twelve joints. Eyes

glabrous, ocelli present. 1\{esonotum short without notauli but parapsidal furrows pres- Ent. Tidshr.96' 1975 ' 3-4

Fig. 4. Head in dorsal

view ^of : A. Bethglus nitidus (Thoms.) Q. -

B. Bethglus /uscicornis (Jur.) _Q.

- ^{C. Bethy-}

lus cephalotes (Fiirst.)

9. - ^D. Epgris bili- neatus Thoms. _Q.

ent. Scutellum rvith a scutellar fovea or line.

Propodeum only margined laterally. ^Tibiae u'ithout spines, claws deeply bifid ^and

strongly bent. Adults fully rvinged rvith three closed cells in the forewing.

Iiey to Swedish species

1. ^Apterous or brachypterous species

B. /uscicornis ^(Jur.) -. Wingsfullydeveloped .... ... 2.

2. ^Head with posterior ocelli separated from occiput as long as the distance between late-

ral ocellus and median ocellus ... 3'

-. ^Head (fig. a B) with the ^{distance between} posterior ocelli and occiput much shorter ノ ′ ^{!了 tl'}

'1

1 1 ' :

I t ' r' 1,1 l, ' ^I

rご

_`′ ^ll,1'I

￨′

￨￨° 11111[

:ヽ _{1 `θ} l ,￨

丁′

￨￨′

^111111〕

IⅢ 11‖

/rr,,' _tl

', , ', '^,.' , '' 1'II IIPII,1 111 _lfl , | ,l _,

., o, o , ^r r _;

i', Il

￨ ￨ ′ り ￨ ￨,￨

￨￨￨チ 1'11レ

イ ^{￨￨￨￨′ ￨￨lill'￨￨￨}

f′

￨￨ll l l.lll 1 11,￨

,'.', I I , ' ' , ,l t ^I

\, i,",,ol.,rlr l l l V′ l . ^lr

0 01 1

NOTES ON ENIBOLEMIDAE AND BETHYLIDAE IN SWEDEN 125

脅

^￨￨￨ヽ

￨￨￨￨￨キ

￨イ

￨

￨￨lll｀

￨キ

￨￨￨111

静 寒 りし

ll ll

ll ll l

/

^{〇 ＼}

〆/ ・´ ｀

´

\ ,/l I t rrr

￨111、 ^￨￨′

11 rr r tl , ' ',

llキ 11。

￨'111,￨

￨￨｀ lυ 1 l l

Fig. 5. Head in dorsal view of: ^A.

Goniozus claripennis (F<irst.) Q. - B. Anorus boops Thoms. 9. - ^C.

Laelius femoralis (Frirst.) ?. - ^D.

P

eudis ob r ac hium subcg aneum (Hal.) j.

than the distance between lateral ocellus and median ocellus. Forewing fig. 7 C

. I). Iuscicornis ^(Jur.) 3. Head quadratic (fig. a A) with the space be- tween antennal sockets nearly straight. Wing veins, fig. 7 li . . . I]. nititlus (Thoms.)

-. ^{Head not} quadratic (fig. a C) rvith the space between antennal sockets strongly arched.

Wing veins, fig. 7 D . . B. ceplurlotes (Fiirst.)

Bethglus fuscicornis ^(Jur.)

Jurine, 1807, Nouv. m6th. class. Hvm6n. Dipt.:

301, Q (Omalus /uscicornis).

Syn.: See Richards (1939).

Episemus oariabilis Thomson. 1862, Ofvers.

k. svenska VetenskAkad. F<irh. 18:452- I

C

453. Syn n. ―― As lectotype is selected a specilnen in coll.Thomson labelled“ Rllln"

t=R6ssjそ う holm,Skailel alld Willl another label, writtcn by Thonlson, reading “ ^vari_

al〉

ilis".

3. _ノ ″ SCビ C(,rrlお (Jur・ )iS a Very Variable species.Both macrOpterous and nlicropterous forms Occur, also a ncarly apterous form.

Sl)ecinlens 、 vith shortene(1、 vings have a llar―

r()w lnesollotunl Various authors have treated the short、 vinged fornls as true specics.I have studied a large material from Swedell(250 specilnens)and,besides the、 vinglength,havc found no character useful fOr separating

short―

"′

inged forms froln inacropterous (cf.

Richards 1939). A study of male genitalia gave alsO a negative result.

E″ ′ .ri」

″ .,6 ゴ ,75・ 3-4

♂ ／   ／   ‘

／

′

／ シ チ

‘

じ ノ σ ン

／

126 KARL-JOHAN HEDQVTST

Fig. 6. Head in dorsal view of: ^A. Cephalonomia lormicilormis ^Westw. ?. - ^B. Plastanorus west'

woodi ^(Kieff ) ?. - ^C. Cephalonomia hammi Rich. _Q.

- Snappania aftusiensis gen.n., sp.n. _Q.

Subgenital plates (fig. 10 A) are very sim- ilar in B. f uscicornis (Jur.) and B. cephalotes

(Fiirst.). It ^seems that B. /uscicornis is ^a

polymorphic species. In North America Evans (1962) studied the species of Betftylus and found the same variation among the American

species as can be stated in our B. fuscicornis.

Host: Richards (1939) mentions that ^B.

/uscicorni.s is attacking various larvae of Microlepidoptera (Coleophora Zell. and ^Ge- lechia Zell.\.

Distribution: \Yhole Europe.

From Srveden material was seen from the

following provinces (only number of localities given for each province):

skine: 17 loc. 39 9, 7 6 ^{(BSV, GNL, HEQ,}

JNS, LBL, SDH, TJB, WAL) . - ^{Blekinge: 15}

loc. ¹⁵ ?, ¹² d ^(GNL, HEQ, JSN, SDH).

-

Ent. Tidskr. 96. 1975. j _{- 4}

Oland: 8 loc. _{16 Q,} I 6 (HEe, HZE, JNS, KER, LBL, NYH, RMN, SDH).

- ^Gotland: I loc. l0 Q,

2 d ^{(GYD, HEQ,} HUG, JNS, LBL, NYH, SDH).

- ^{Gotska Sandrin: 6} ? (HEQ, JNS, NyH).

Sm{land: 8 loc. 6 9, 5 6 ^{(AXE, cNL, JNS, LBL,} -

SDH).

- Halland: 3 loc. 2 ?, ¹ 6 ^{(ANH, HUG,}

SDH).

- Bohusliin:4loc.2 9, 1 6 ^(SDH). -

Visterg<itland: 2 loc. 2 9, ¹ 6 ^(SDH). - ^Oster-

g<itland: { loc. 5 I (JNS, SDH).

- S<iderman-

land:9loc. 1l ?,3 d ^{(JNS, LBL, NYH, OLS,}

SDH).

- ^{Uppland: 9 loc. 18 ?, 1} 6 ^{(HEQ, JNS,}

LBL, SDH).

- ^{Nirke: 9loc. 16 ?, 19} d ^(JNS,

SDH).

- Viirmland: 2loc. 2 ?,2 6 (JNS, SDH).

- ^{I)alarna: 8 loc. 9 8,} 2 6 ^{(FRL, I(LF, LBL,}

PAM, SDH, TJB).

- Gdstrikland: 1 loc. 1 Q

(SDH).

- Hllsingland: 5 loc. 8 9, 2 d ^(JNS,

LBL, SDH, SJO).

- Jiimtland:3loc.5 9,3 ^d

(BOH, JNS, LBL, SDH).

- H5rjedalen: 1 loc.

1I(JNS) .-Angermanland:1loc. I $ ^(SDH).

- Visterbotten: 2 loc. 1 ?, I d ^{(HEQ, HUG).}

- Norrbotten: 5 loc. 5 ? ^{(JNs, LBL, LTH, SDH) .} - ^{Lycksele Lappmark: 2 loc. 2 ?,} 2 6 ^(GNL,

HEQ) .- ^Lule Lappmark:5loc.2 ?,5 d ^(JNS,

sDH).

Bethglus cephalotes (Fiirst.)

Fiirster, 1860, Verh. naturh. Ver. preuss. Rheinl.

17: 111 (Perisemus cephalotes).

Syn.: See Richards (1939) and \I6czir ^(1966).

Characterized by a large head (fig. a C)

and differing from B. /uscicornis in the shape

of ^head and the distance betu.een ocelli and

occiput (fig. a C) , from B. nifidrrs (Thoms.)

by not quadratic ^head and othel rving veins

(fig. 7 D). Subgenital plate see fig. ^{10 B.}

Host: Richards ⁽¹⁹³⁹⁾ found a female in a folded leaf of dandelion rvith the larva of Cnephasia sp. (Tortricidae), but the lalva had not been attacked.

Distribution: Probably rvhole Europe.

From Slveden material was seen from the

follorving provinces (onl1' number of ^lo-

calities ^given):

SkAne: 1{ loc. 14 ?, I 6 ^{(AMM, ANH, JNS,}

KER, LJU, LBL, RGD, RON, SDH).

- ^Blekinge:

2loc.3I ^(SDII). - Oland:3loc.2 9, I ⁶

(NYH, PAM, SDH).

- Gotland: 2 loc. 3 ? ^(ENS,

GNL, JNS).

- Sm{land: 1 loc. I ? ^(GNL). -

Bohusldn: 3 loc. 3 ? ^{(HUG, JNS, R\IN).} -

C D

NOTES ON EIIIBOLEMIDAE AND BETHYLIDAE IN SWEDEN 127 Siidermanland: I loc. I I ^(WTP). - ^Uppland:

5loc.5 ? ^{(EOS, HEQ, LBL).} - Ndrke:5loc.

7 ? ^(JNS). - Dalarna:1loc. 19 (FRL).

.{ngermanland: 1 loc. 1 I ^(EOS). -

Bethglus nifidus ^(Thoms.)

Thornson, 1862, Ofvers. k. svenska VetenskAkad.

F0rh. 18:452 (Episemus nitidus).

In coll. Thomson there are 2 specimens under the name Episenrus rrifidus. One spec-

imen bears a lectotype Iabel by E. Valkeila.

It is now validated. It is a female (not ^a male as Thomson says in his description) bearing the following 5 labels: K.K. _1:11irr- nekulle, Vdstergiitland), Boh. (:C. H. Bohe-

man, the collector) , B, "nitidus" and Mr Valkeila's lectotype label. The other spec-

imen bears a label "Scan" (:Skine) , ^rvhich is a rvrong locality.

B. nitidus (Thoms.) differs from B. ce-

phalotes as follows: Head quadratic (fig.

4 A), wing veins (fig. ⁷ E) different and the puncturation more shining.

Distribution: Apparently a rare species. In the literature only recorded from Finland.

,""1.:-

Sweden the follou'ing mater.ial rvas

Skine: 1 Q ^{(coll. Thomson).} - Oland: Horn 21.VII.39 I ? (JNS); Resmo alvar 16.VIII.5I I I

(NYH).

- ^{Blekinge: Ronneby} 17.VIII.51 1 ? (LBL).

- Vdstergtitland: (lectotype see above).

- ^{Niirke: Orebro} -.VII.55 I _Q; Orebro, O.Mark

. -.35 ^{1 Q;} Orebro, Brickebacken -.VILSr'r

I ? ^(JNS).

Anoxus Thoms.

Thomson, 1862, Ofvers. k. svenska VetenskAkad.

Fiirh. 18: 452.

Tvpe: ^{rrorus boops ^Thoms.

Hairy eyes, shape of head (fig. 5 B) and veins of foreu'ing (fig. 7 A) separate this genus from the others in the subfamilv

B ethglinae.

.{norus Doops Thoms.

Thonrson, 1862, Ofvers. k. svenska VetenskAkad.

F6rh. 18:452.

Fig. 7. A-C. Forewing of : A. Anorus boops Thoms. 9. - ^{B. Goniozus} claripennis (Frirst.)

9. - ^{C. Bethglus} fuscicornis (Jur.) _Q.

D-E. Part of forewing of: D. Bethglus ce-

phalotes _(Thoms.) (F'<irst.) 9. - E. ^{Bethylus nitidu.s}

Q.

In coll.Thomson 3 specilncns;as lectotype is selected a specimen labelled Sm (=Sml_

land),Bhm(=C.H・ Boheman,the collector).

It is a feコ nale.

Distribution:Hungary and swcden.

Material seen frol■ ■ S、 veden:

Blekinge:Tving 23.VⅡ .5519(SDH)一 Sma―

land: 1 9 (selected as lectotype, see above). 一

〇 land:Karum 25 VIII.5119(NYH).― ― Gotland:

Farё ,Sudersand 12.VIII.50139,13.VIH 50 2 9 (NYH).― ^― BOhuslin:1 9 withOutlocality(BOH).

― Nirke:Orebr0 1.vIH.49 1 9, 10.VIⅡ 49 3♀

(JNS). ^―― Uppland: Almunge, IIarparbo1 23.V.49, 1 9 (LBL)一 HilSingland:Los 17 VIII.42 1 9

lSJO).

E"` rids7t・ r96 F,75 3-4

128 KARL‐ JOHAN HEDQVIST

Subfanlily P rist o c e ri n a e Perhaps t、 vo genera ill S、 veden.

Key to genera

l. Apterous; 。 celli al)scnt .… ……… ^{. 99・}

― ヽ ヽ ^ringed; 。 cclli Present .… ………・ `6・

99

l Propodeunl strongly cOnstricted anteriorly fOrnling a pair Of small processes which em―

brace the tip Of the elongate mesonOtunl Eyes consisting Of One facet or eyes absent

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ PSalldisο ^brachi“ ″ l Kieff

― Propodeunl l)yrifOrnl but nct so strongly con_

stricted anteriorly and not fOrnling a pair of snlal1 1)rocesses, broadly in contact with the nlesonotunl.Eyes consisting Of n10re than onc facet . ....・ ・・・・・・・・・・・・・ ・ ^Prfsfο cara Klug

``

1. ヽ Iedian lobe of clypeus truncate, sonletinles angulate or rounded, not trapezoidal Sub‐

genital plate with a long medial stalk ...

…・…・…・…・…・…・…・…・… Prisfο cara Klug

―. ヽ Iedian lobe of clypeus somewhat trapezoidal, truncate, bidentate or with median tooth Subgenital plate tfig. 10C)With three short basal stalks ... ..PSatldisο _♭ racrli“ m Kieff.

Ps`ttdfsο brachf“ r21 Kieff.

Kicffer, 1904, Ann. ヽ Ius. GcnOva. 41:368.

Syn: see Evans(1961)

Type:P′ αォ fc′ ″s Kieff.

Only one species,ne、 v to the S、 vedish fauna.

Psaこ こ で fisο bracifII“ n sllわ cメ

凛″ 1(Hal・

Haliday, 1838, IInt. Mag. 5:519。 _(E′ yris SIIb ryanciIIllタ

Syni see Ricards(1939).

()nly males up tO nO、 v found in S、 vedcn.

It is a bl,lck sl)eCies 、 vith antenllae and legs brown.Hcad and fOl・ ewing see rig 5 D,9A.

Subgenital plate, fig 10(〕

1)istribution: England, Francc, Ital卜 ', S、 vc―

den, S、 ritzerland.

ヽIaterial seen frolll S、 veden:

Skine: Ven 121X48 2 6 (LBI´

Host: ヽア cry littlc is kno、 vn about thc biology Some specilnens collccted in nests of ants(7・ ′ frarllο rilI″ 2 carsPiι

“ 171(I´ _)).

E22ι.T'ds7t・

′θ

` <sup>ノ θ</sup> 75 3-`

Pristocera ^Klug.

Klug, 1808. llag. Ges. naturf. Fr. Berlin. 2:49.

Syn.: see Evans (1964).

1'1'pe: Betfty/rrs rlepre.s.sus F.

One species, P. depressa (F.), recorded from Denmark but up to norv not taken in Srveden.

P ristocera depres.sa (F.)

Fabricius, 1804, Syst. Piez.: 287. ^(.Bethulus

depressus)

Syn.: see Richards (1939).

d. Black rvith tergites 2 and 3 red. 9.

Brorvnish red. shining.

Distribution: Austria, England, Hungary, Italr', Spain, Denmark.

Subfamily Epvrinae

Evans (1964) divided this subfamily into three tribes and I am follorving him.

In Sweden we have representatives of two

tribes: Cephalonomiini and Epyrini; thel' differ as follorvs:

1. Antennae with 12 segments

Cephalonomiini

-. ^{Antennae with 13} segmenls ^Epyrini Tribe Cephalonomiini

I(ey to genera

1. Radial vein completely absent; wings fre- quently absent or much reduced

... Cephctlonomia Westw.

-. Radial vein present at least in part; wings alwavsfullydeveloped ... ...,.. ^2.

2. Without basal cells, maxillary palpi with four segnrcnts ... .,,.. Plasktnorus Kieff.

-. ^{With trvo} basal cells, rnaxillarl' palpi with five segnrents . . .. . ^{Snappunia gen.n.}

C e p lrtt I o rto m i n \\'estlvood

\\'estu'ood, 1833. l{ag. nat. Hist. 6:420.

Syn.: see Evans (196'l).

1'1'pe: (,'. lornicilrtrni.s ^\Arest'w.

A ^ge rlus rvith valial:le species, both rnacropterous and apterous forms occur.

Trvo sllecies up to ^{norv knorvn} from Sweden.

Key to species

l. Head (fig. 6 A) rectangular in ^females, in males more quadratic, rounded behind. ^N'Ie- dian vein in forcwing (fig. 8 D) indicated but hyaline. llrachvpterous females occur ...

.... C. lornticilornis ^\Yeslu'.

-. Head (fig. 6 C) rounded loval) in female. \Ie- dian vein in forewing (lit{. 8 C) tlistinct, pale brown. Nlales unknown . . . . C. ftammi Rich.

C′ ρ力 ^arο

′ ^{orr21ピ Cfノ} οrrnfs ヽrestw

ヽVest、 vood, 1833, Nrag. nat Hist. 6:421.

Syn.: see Richards (1939).

9 Black with nlalldibles and antennae dark brown,flagellar joints 2 and 3(sometimes 4) Pale ye1lo、 v. Legs dark bro、 vn 、 vith tibiae and tarsi n■ ore or less yello、 v nlixed vrith brown.

6.Similar to the female.

Distribution: Germany, England, France, Finland, Sweden.

Ⅳraterial seen from S、 veden:

Blekinge: JimshOg 10.VH.391 9(LBL)―

smaland:Markaryd 18.VH.501♀ (LBL);Sand―

btickshult 25,VII.47 2 9 (JNS); Virnanis 13.

VH.70229,17.VHI.72 19(HUG).― ― ViSterg6t‐

land:GOteborg 23.VHI.7019(HUG).― ― SOder_

manland:Tullgarn 26.VH69 1 9(LBS)― ― Upp―

land:Vallentuna 6 H 56 3 9(HEQ);Vinge,Fiby urskog l.II.49 1 9, 17 VI.48 1 6; G Uppsala, Johannesberg 29.IX.4119(LBL);BIillSta 15.VIII.

59 1 9 (SDH). ― Dalarna: Nis, Grisberget 3.VH162 5 9 (ENS). _一 ViSterbotten: Kassj0 1.VI.694 6;Klabb61e 30 VI.701♀ (HUG).

Host: Species of the genera Cis Latr and Enn`α rrhrorl Mell.(Cildae).

Capharο nο nlfα hrtr22■

Rich.

Richards, 1939, Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 89:

302--303.

9.Black with antennae ye1low except first joint which is brown,the distal segments of antennae yellowish brown.Legs brOwn with all tibiae and tarsi ye1lowish bro,vn― ― broNvn.

Distribution: England, Finland, Sweden.

Ⅳ raterial seen fronl S、 veden: Smaland:

Alem,strё msrum 7.VI.5719(SDH).

Fig. 8. Forewing of : A. Laelius lemoralis lFdrst.)

d. - ^{B. Epyris} bilittcutu.s 'I'homs. $. - ^{(1,. {:c-}

phalonomiu hontnti ltich. _Q.

- ^l). Oepluilononiu

I ormicil ornis Westw. _Q.

Plastanorrrs ^Kieff.

Kieffer, 1905, Subl'amily Betltlllinae in: ^And16,

Spec. Hymen. Eur. Alger. 9:2{{.

Syn.: see Evans (1961).

'Ivpe: lnorus cltittendcnii Ashm.

Plostanorus westutoodi (Kieff.)

Kieffer, 191{, Hymenoptera Bethylidae. Tierreich 1l : 218 (Cephalonontio uestutttodil.

P. \Yestutoodi is black rvith palt of tibiac,

all tarsi and most of antennal scgment 2

testaceous-1'ellou'ish. Head, fig. ⁶ B; ^fore-

rving, fig. 9 C.

Distribution: Africa, England, U.S.A. A cos-

mopolitan species.

llecorded from Irinland in lvarehouses and might be taken in Su-eden in the same places.

NOTES ON EIIIBOI.EⅣ IIDAE AND BETHYLH)AE IN SWEDEN 129

Eη ι .rids/1グ

'6 ^ゴ '75 3-′

r30 KARL-JOHAN HEDQVTST

c Fig. 9. Forewing of: ^A.

cgerrcum (Hal.) S. -

Ben.n., _(Kieff.1 sp.n. 6. - ^C.

Q.

P

ucl is o

rachium

ub-

B. Snuppankr aftusiensis

P lastanorus westutootli

Snappania gen. n.

Folerving (fig. 9 B) rvith radial vein long, stigma small, basal vein thickened rvhere it

meets the subcostal vein, trvo enclosed basal

cells. Antenna \\'ith 12 segments. Mandibles rvith -l teeth, maxillarl' palpi rvith 5 ^joints and labial palpi 3-jointed (fig. l0E). Eycs

rvith verv short hairs. Pronotum elongate, mesonotum transversc rvithout anv furroNs, scutellum separated from mesonotum by ^a

fine cross-furrolr'. Propodeum rounded, ^.rvith

a margin and basally rvith a fine ^short

median carina.

'I'vpe: S.rrftusierrsi.s sp.n.

Snappania ahusiensis sp. n.

d. ^Brortn rvith mandibles an<I all ^tibiae

and tarsi vellowish brown--brown.

Head (fig. 6 D) rounded. Clypeus rvith

Ent, Tidshr. 96 . _{1975. 3 - 4}

Fig. 10. A-C. Subgenital plate of: A. Bethglus /uscicornis (Jur.) $. - B. Bethglus cephalotes (F<irst.) d. - C. Pseuclisobrachium subcganeum (Hat.) ?.

I)-E. Snap2ania ahusiensis gen.n., sp.n. 6.

D. Subgenital plate.

- ^E. Nlaxillary palp (above) and labial palp (below) .

anterior margin straight. Ocelli in an equi- lateral triangle, the space from occiput to

lateral ocellus as long as the space betll'een the lateral ocellus and the median ocellus.

Whole thorax and propodeum finely retic- ulated. All fernora thickened. Subgenital plate, fig. 10 D.

Length: 1.8 mrn.

?. U.rkno*n.

Holotvpe: d, in ^coll. mea; Skine: Ahus 22.VII.1958, leg. K.-J. Hedqvist.

Paratl'pe: 1 d, in coll. mea; Skine: ^Ahus 17.VIII.1958, leg. K.-J. Hedqvist.

Sncrppania gen.n. belongs to subfamily Epvrinae, tribe Cephalonomiini and is nearest

related to Israelirrs Rich. but differs from that genus by longer radial vein, four-toothed mandibles and rounded head.

Srtappaniu is named after Slvedish "snapp-

hanar", partisans in South Srveden during

lhe lTth century.

NOTES ON EIIIBOLEMIDAE AND BETHYLIDAE IN SWEDEN t3l

Tribe Epyrini

Key to Swedish genera

1. Radial vein short (fig. 8A), body and major veins of forewings with large black setae . . .

traelius Ashm'

-. Radial vein long (fig. ² B, ^{8 B)} , body ^and veins of ^forewings without large black setae

,

2. Scutellum with a transverse groove basally

... Rhabdepgris Kieff.

-. ^{Scutellum with two basal pits}

. Epgris Westw.

LaeIi us ^Ashm.

Ashmead, 1893, Bull. U. S. natn. NIus. 45:50.

Syn.: see Evans (1964).

'I1'pe: L. trogodermatis Ashm.

Two species in Svreden, one of which occasionally.

Key to ^species

1. Propodeum with 3 carinae and rugose trans- verse striation. Head and thorax with ^scat-

tered pits with hairs . . L. f emorulis (Ftirst.)

-. ^{Propodeum with 3} carinae and with coriac- eous puncturation. Head and thorax without scattered pits with hairs . . L. utilis Cocker.

Laelius f emoralis (Fiirst.)

F<irster, 1860, Verh. naturh. Ver. preuss' Rheinl.

17:, 107.

Black with basal part of ^antennae (2-3

first joints), all tibiae and tarsi and mandibles reddish yellou'-brown. Head, fig. 5 C, fore- rving, fig. 8 A.

Distribution: ^Germany, Finland, Sweden.

Material seen from Srveden:

SkAne: Vittsktivle 20.VII.71 3 ? ^(HEQ). -

SmAland: LflngemAla, Hornsii f8.VII.12 1?

(LBL).

- Ostergtitland: Simonstorp 3.VIII.54 1 ? (HEQ).

- Uppland: Vallentuna 11.VII.7{ 1 _9, 5.II.70 I d ^(HEQ); Stockholm, Frescati 27.V.57

1 6 ^(HEQ). - NArke: Orebro, Adolfsberg 9.VIII.

73 I ? ^(NYH).

Luelius utilis Cocker.

(lockerell, _1920, Canad. Ent. 52:34.

Distribution: U.S.A., Sweden.

Material seen from Sweden:

Vflrmland: Arvika 28.VI.55 I ? ^(HEQ).

The specimen reared from an axe-handle imported from U.S.A. and infested by Lgctus brunneus Steph. (Col., Lyctidae) ^.

Rhabdepgris Kieff.

Kieffer, 1904, Bull. Soc. tr{etz. 23:32.

Type: R. mgrmecophilus Kieff.

Onlv one species in ^Sweden.

Rhabde pgris mgr meco philus Iiieff.

Kieffer, 1904, Bull. Soc. l{etz. 23:32.

The male of R.mgrntecophilus is ^not

described and it is with ^some hesitation that

I refer the actual ^{specimen as} male to this species.

6. Black, with legs dark brorvn. \\rings hyaline, with veins brorvn.

Head (fig. 2 C) as well as thorax ^finely

shagreened. Propodeum lvith a median carina

and a rectangular ruSose area. ^Forewing, fig. 2 B.

Distribution: ^{Germany, Sweden.}

Material seen from Su'eden:

Gotland: Lojsta 22.IX.61 I 6 ^(GYD).

Host: The female is taken in the nest of Tetrantorium caespitum lL.).

DpAris ^Westw.

Westwood, 1832, Phil. \{ag. Brewster. ser. 3 (1): r29.

Syn.: see Evans (1964).

Type: E. nigra Westw.

A large genus with many sPecies and distributed all ovel ^{the rvorld.} In Srveden one species.

E pgris bilineatus Thoms.

Thomson, 1862. Ofvers. k. svenska VetenskAkad' F6rh. 18:452.

D.bilineatus. In ^Thomson's coll. there are

2 I ^and 1 6 ^standing under this name. A

female beat's the follorving labels: Ld

Eπ ι .71Jsλ r.'6 F'7D‐ 3-4

(:Lund, Skine), red label ^,.typus,, and a Nncy, C. G. 1970. Contribution toward a revision

third label reading "2-lineata"; I ^select this ^{of the} European species of the genus Epyris

specimen as lectotype. ^{Westw. (Hym.,} Bethylidae).

- ^{Mitt. zool.}

9. ^Btack with mandibles, antennae, tegulac llus' Berl' 46:265-272'

and legs testaceous; tip of fore tibiae and ^{RIoHARDS' ()' W' 1939' The British Bethylidae} tarsi yellowish-yellorvish brown; tip of _{_344.} ^(Hym')' - ^{Trans' R' ent' Soc' Lond' 89:185}

gaster rvith a _!'ellow spot' Forerving verv _Tnousos, c. G. 1g62. Skandinaviens ^procto- weakly clouded by pale brov'n; r'ing veins _trur)er.

- ^ofvers. k. svenska vetenskAkad.

pale brorvn. Ftirh. 18: 451_45J.

132 KARL-JOHAN HEDQVIST

6. Similar to female but darker; antennae,

mandibles, legs and tegulae dark brorvn.

Wings also darker clouded. Both sexes u'ith

a large pit on upper part of mesopleura.

Propodeum lvith three carinae.

Distribution: Iloumania, Srveden.

Material seen from Sll'eden:

Skine: Ilstorp 1 Q (coll. Thomson) ; Lund I j

(coll. Thomson); Ivri 10.VIII.S0 1 I ^(SDH);

Lomma 7.VIII.50 I ? ^(SJO). - ^Otand: H<igsrum

l.rx.51 I 6 ^(JNS).

Acknou'ledgements

I rvould like to thank Professor Bengt-Olof

Landin IZoological Institute, Dept. of System- atics, Universit5' of Lund) for loan of material.

My grateful thanks to all my friends among entomologists, who have sent me valuable ma- terial.

References

Bnnr,.lNo, L. 1928. Hym6noptdres vespiformes II.

- Faune de France XIX. 1-208.

EvlNs, H. E. 196.1. A Synopsis of ^the American Bethylidae (Hymenoptera, Aculeata) .

- ^Bull.

tr{us. comp. Zool. Harv. lB2 ^(l) :l-222.

Her,r,EN, W. 1953. Ubersicht iiber die Bethyliden und Drviniden Finnlands.

- ^{Notul. ent. BB:}

88-102.

KTEFFER, J. J. ^191.1. Bethylidae. Tierreich 4l:

1-595.

M6cz,in, L. 1966. Remarks on Kieffer,s and \{ar- shall's t1'pes (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) in

the Hungarian Natural History trIuseum.

.{cta zool. hung. 12 l3-l) ^: 889-861. -

Ent. Tidskr. 96 . 1975. 3 - i

List of abbreviations of collectors, names used in text

ADR K. Ander

AMN{ I. F. C. Ammitzb<il

ANH Hugo Andersson

AXE Rune Axelsson BGW J. R. Bergvall

BOH C. H. Boheman

BSV S. Berd6n

ENS B. Ehnstrdm

EOS S. Erlandsson

FRL K.-H. _Forsslund GNL I). Gaunitz

GYD N. Gyllensviird

HEQ K.-J. Hedqvist

HMA .1. Horm

HUG L. Huggert

HZE \'. Heinze

JNS A. Jansson

KER N. A. Kemner

KLF E. Klefbeck

LBL O. Lundblad

LBS S. Lundberg

LJU T. Ljungbeck

LTH C. H. Lindroth NYH T. Nyholm

OLS Axel Olsson

PAM T. Patm

IIGD O. Ringdahl ITNIN A. Roman RON H. Ros6n

SDH A. Sundholm

SJO 0. Sj6berg

TJB Bo Tjeder

WAL A. L. Wennhagen

WDR E. Wieslander

WRN E. Wir6n

WTP H. E. Wanntorp