Den verkliga staden?

Mats Brusman

Den verkliga staden?

Norrköpings innerstad

mellan urbana idéer och

lokala identiteter

Linköping Studies in Arts and Science No.416 Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för studier av samhällsutveckling och kultur Tema Kultur och Samhälle Linköping 2008

Vid filosofiska fakulteten vid Linköpings universitet bedrivs forskning och ges forskarut-bildning med utgångspunkt från breda problemområden. Forskningen är organiserad i mångvetenskapliga forskningsmiljöer och forskarutbildningen huvudsakligen i forskarsko-lor. Gemensamt ger de ut serien Linköping Studies in Arts and Science. Denna avhandling kommer från Tema Kultur och Samhälle vid Institutionen för studier av Samhällsutveck-ling och Kultur.

Vid Tema Kultur och samhälle (Tema Q) är forskning och forskarutbildning tvärvetenskap-ligt organiserad. Kultur studeras som ett dynamiskt praktikfält och forskningen rör såväl kulturprodukterna i sig som hur de produceras, kommuniceras och brukas. Tema Q utgör en del av Institutionen för studier av samhällsutveckling och kultur (ISAK).

Mats Brusman

Den verkliga staden?

Norrköpings innerstad mellan urbana idéer och lokala identiteter

Upplaga 1:1

ISBN 978-91-85895-12-0 ISSN 0282-9800

Linköping Studies in Arts and Science, No. 416

©Mats Brusman

Institutionen för studier av Samhällsutveckling och Kultur 2008 Formgivning: Lisa Lundmark och Andreas Lilius

Förord . . . .+

1 Inledning . . . . -Syfte . . . .'' Disposition . . . .'(

2 Staden som plats: Drömmen om det urbana livet . . . .') Urbanitet . . . .'* Stadsplaneringens doktriner . . . .'+ Haussmannismen . . . .'+

Sittes organiska stad . . . .',

Trädgårdsstaden . . . .',

Zonering och funktionalism . . . .

'-Grannskapet som demokratisk ideologi . . . .'.

Doktrinernas ideologi . . . .'/

Den ifrågasatta staden . . . .(& Trafikplaneringen tar över . . . .('

Debatten om stadens liv . . . .((

Marknadsideologin . . . .((

Nyurbanism och sprawl . . . .(*

Urbant och suburbant . . . .(*

Vad är det urbana? . . . .(+ Två spår . . . .(,

3 Teoretiska perspektiv . . . . (-Kultur, samtidshistoria och geografi . . (-Den meningsskapande människan . . . . .(/ Tid och rum, aktör och struktur . . . .)& Plats . . . .)(

Materiellt rum – socialt rum – symboliskt rum . .))

Rytmer i tidrummet . . . .)+

Platsens mening . . . .

)-Brukade, tänkta och levda rum . . . .).

Mindscapes . . . .)/

Identitet, plats och makt . . . .*( Platsidentitet . . . .*(

Makt och plats . . . .*)

Planering och makt . . . .**

4 Metod och material . . . .*, Norrköpings innerstad – en fallstudie .*,

Avgränsningar . . . . *-Tre platser . . . .

*-Avgränsning i tid. . . .*/

Materialet . . . .*/ Skriftligt material och observationer . . . .+&

Intervjuer . . . .+' Intervjuns kontexter . . . .+( I kulisserna . . . .+* Minnet . . . .+* Etiska funderingar . . . .++ Forskarrollen . . . .+, 5 Norrköpings framväxt . . . . +-Medeltidens och stormaktstidens Norrköping . . . . +-1800-talet: Industrialisering

och urbanisering . . . .+.

Staden som monument och livsrum . . . .+/

Industristadens karaktär . . . .,(

1900-talet: Den upplösta staden . . . .,(

Trädgårdsstäder och egnahem . . . .,)

Spårvagnen och den moderna industristaden . . .,)

Mellankrigstidens urbana tankar . . . .,*

Norrköpings första generalplan . . . .

,-Grannskap och storkommun . . . .,.

Bilsamhället . . . .,. Trafiken i innerstaden . . . .-&

Styrande trafikplanering . . . .-'

Kris och förnyelse . . . .-'

Saneringen av stadskärnan . . . .-)

Ett fungerande city? . . . .-+

Generalplan 1970 . . . .-,

Drottninggatan i centrum . . . .

--”City” växer fram . . . .-.

Lundbergs . . . ..&

Innerstadens nya mindscapes . . . ..'

Mot en ny stadskultur? . . . ..( Industrilandskapet . . . ..)

1980-talet: Jubileum, karnevaler och turism . . . ..+

1990-talet: Det stora lyftet . . . ..,

Innerstadstrafiken i nytt ljus . . . ...

Universitet och industrinedläggningar . . . ../

Ostlänken och storstadsregionen . . . ./&

Sammanfattning: Norrköping

1850-2005 . . . ./(

Innehåll

6 Söder Tull . . . ./+ En knutpunkt i staden . . . ./+ Södra Promenaden . . . .

/-Kristinaskolan . . . ./.

Stadsbiblioteket . . . .//

Konstmuseet och Kristinaplatsen . . . .'&&

Nygatan . . . .'&'

En plats med mening . . . .'&)

Processen kring bussterminalen . . . . . '&)

1998 – Östgötatrafikens kravspecifikation . . . .'&)

Samråd . . . .'&*

Tårtbiten omtuggad . . . .'&,

En hel miljö? . . . .'&.

Första remissomgången . . . .'&/

En politisk fråga? . . . .''&

Ett nytt förslag . . . .'''

Nya strategier . . . .'')

Samråd och remiss – igen… . . . .''*

2000 – planerna stoppas . . . .'',

2003-2005 – Söder Tull på nytt . . . .'',

Vägen till ett gemensamt mindscape ''/

Organisationens betydelse . . . .''/

Spårvagnen . . . .'('

Vems mindscape – vems Söder Tull? . '(+ Historiens betydelse . . . .'(,

Lokala medier . . . .

'(-Samrådet. . . .'(/

Nya perspektiv? . . . .')'

Det brukade, det levda och

det tänkta Söder Tull . . . .')*

7 Skvallertorget . . . . ')+ Ett torg på väg . . . . '), Kungsgatan . . . .

')-Bilar och studenter . . . .').

Norrköpings trafikstrukturer . . . .'*'

Det förvandlade torget . . . . '*(

Skvallertorget ur ett annat perspektiv . . . .'*)

Skvallertorget som trafikmiljö . . . .'*+

Otydligheten som strategi . . . .'*,

Ett förlorat mindscape – och ett nytt . . . .'*.

8 Nya Torget . . . . '+( Bebyggelse och gator . . . . '+) Torgets historia . . . . '++ Nya Torget 1990-2005 . . . . '+, Förändringsplaner . . . .

'+-Planerna presenteras . . . .'+/

Planerna konkretiseras . . . .',&

Vardagsrummet Nya Torget . . . .','

Förändrade förutsättningar . . . .',(

Salutorget som idé . . . .',)

Mediernas roll . . . .',*

De oönskade . . . .',+

Torgets framtid . . . . ',, Varför denna ödslighet? . . . .',,

Gränslandet Nya Torget . . . .',/

9 Norrköpings innerstad . . . . '-( Centrum och periferi . . . . '-) Utvecklingen av innerstaden

1990–2005 . . . . '-* Mindscapes och rytmer

i Norrköpings innerstad . . . . '-+ Minnets materialitet . . . .

'--Sociala mindscapes och

makten över staden . . . . '-/ Intervjupersonernas bilder . . . .'.&

Urbana regimer . . . .'.'

Nätverk . . . .'.)

Strukturer i förändring: trafiken, regionerna och staden . . . . '.* Regionernas roll . . . .'.*

Externhandeln och trafikstrukturerna. . . .'.,

Identiteter i förändring? . . . . '.. Professionens betydelse . . . .'..

Planeraridentiteter . . . .'./

Mobiliteten . . . .'/&

Förändrade genusstrukturer . . . .'/(

Genus och stadens platser . . . .'/+

10 Platsens betydelser . . . . '/. Platsernas sammanhang . . . . '// Från stor industristad till

liten storstad . . . . (&( Omvärderingen av det lokala . . . . (&(

Summary . . . . (&, Söder Tull . . . .

(&-Skvallertorget . . . .

(&-Nya Torget . . . .(&.

Mindscapes . . . .(&.

Rhythms of the city . . . .(&/

Actors and structures . . . .(&/

Changing identities – changing mindscapes . . .('&

e city as a regional node . . . .('&

Urban life in a mobile society . . . .('&

Referenser . . . . ('( Litteratur . . . . ('( Källor . . . . ((& Intervjuer . . . .((&

Observationer . . . .((&

Norrköpings stadsarkiv . . . .((&

Norrköpings stadsbyggnadskontor . . . .((' Norrköpings stadsbibliotek (Norrköpingsrummet) . . . .((( Norrköpings kommun . . . .((( Tidningar . . . .(() Övrigt material . . . .((, Internet . . . .((, Bildkällor . . . .((,

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Avhandlingen har färdigställts med ekonomiskt bistånd från Östgöta Gille i Stockholm och Cen-trum för kommunstrategiska studier.

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