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De imperio Trapezuntino dissertatio cujus partem secundam venia ampl. facult. philos. Upsal. p. p. Petrus Wilh. Afzelius ... et Jonas Georgius Salander, Vestrogothi. In audit. Gust. die IX Junii MDCCCXXIV., P. 2

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- A b h o c i n d e t e m p o r e p o t e f t a t e crevit* G a p t o e n i m a F r a n c i s S o c e r o , qui po ftea i m p e r iu m i t e r u m c a p e s f e r e c o n a t u s ef t, a. 1206 I m p e r a t o r r e n u n ­ t i a t u r N i c e æ q u e c r e a t u r . I t a c u m T h e o d o r o L a f c a r i e f f l o r u e r e B y z a n t i n o r u m r e s , q u a s , poft obfidionem U r b i s , d i f p e r f a s in u n u m c o l l o c a v it l o c u m , h a r u m q u e fe r e r u m C a p u t fecit. M u t a t a fo lu m fedes Im perii B y ­ z a n t i n i , n o n I m p e r i u m m u t a t u m eft.

P r o x i m u m L a f c a r i l o c u m o c c u p a t M ic h a e lis A n g e lu s, fi f o r t u n a m , q u a p o f t c a p t a m U r b e m ufus e f t ,

refpi-i ) Sultanus Iconrefpi-ienfrefpi-is tone temporrefpi-is furefpi-it Charefpi-ichosroes, qurefpi-i expu­ gnata Latinis urbe, acceptaque fratris, cui fuccesfit, morte, mu­ ta ta vefte Iconium venit & Sultanus eft renuntiatu?. Statim de­ in d e cu m T h e o d o ro Lafcari foedus iniit. U u F resae p . 356.

T u r e o r u m , ii rem altius repetitam velis, in Afia minori domi­ natio ab eo potisfimum tempore incipit, quo Diogenes Romanus im p e r a b a t, qui a T ureis captus eft a. 1071. Qui de Tureorum in univerfum origine, eorumque rebus geftis, praeter ea, quæ de his inter Scriptores Byzantinos N iceph. B ry e n n iu s, Cedrinus &

Z o n a r a s tradiderunt, legere velit, enm ad id relegamus, quod

praeclare de hac re fcripfit Celeb, W ilken iu Opere fupra laudato p. 225 & fqu.

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' c i m u s . H i c e n i m A n g e l o r u m initio o b f o u r a f t i r p e o r i ­ u n d u s u»), filius e r a t n o t h u s J o h a n n i s A n g e l i S e b a f t o - c r a t o r i s n j . T r a d i t u r M i c h a e l e m ab I f aa c io II I m p e r a t o r e B y z a n t i n o o b f i d e m F i i d e r i c o L o B a r b a r o s f æ , I m p e r a t o r i G e r m a n o r u m , d a t u m e s f e , c u m hic p e r G r æ c o r u m t e r r a s P a l æ f t i n a m p e t e r e t a* 1189 o j. H o m o e r a t a n a ­ t u r a c o n t u m a x f o r t i s q u e . I m p e r a n t e A l e x i o III r e r u m n o v a n d a r u m c u p i d i t a t e f l a g r a n s , o p e a l ie n a in A f i a t i - c a s R e g n i P r o v i n c i a s i m p e t u s facit. P o f t o b f i d i o n e m L a t i n o r u m C o n Or a n t i n o p o l i n r e v e r t i t u r . H i s p r i m u m fe f a v e r e f i i n u l a t f i n g i t q u e . T u r b i d u m v e r o t u n c r e ­ r u m in O r i e n t e f l a t u m in f u a m u t i l i t a t e m v e r t e n s , E p i r u m v e t e r e m , Æ t o l i a m , p a r t e m q u e T h e s f a l i æ , & h i s f i n i t i m a s r e g i o n e s m a r i t i m a s i n v a d i t f i b i q u e fubji- cit. E x h i s t e r r i s n o v u m I m p e r i u m e x o r t u m eft: Q u i v e r o M i c h a e l i f u c c e d e b q n t D e f p o t a s E p i r i fe , a d p e l l a - v e r u n t p ) .

m ) Iacuerat Angelorum familia vix in Im peratorum Palatio nota

antequam filiam fuam T h e o d o ram Conftantino A ngelo ru p tu m de- disfet Alexius Comnenus I m p e r a t o r, quem ex urbe Afiæ Phila­ d elp h ia, nullius nominis aut vetuftatis g ente oriundum teftantur

Hiftorici. D u Fresne F a rr. Auguft. Byzant. p. s o t .

n) Defpotam dignitate S eb a fio cra to r fubfecutus eft. Honorem hunc primum creavit Alexius I Com nenug, qui eum Ifaacio fra­ tri fuo majori natu tribuit. Codiiius pag.

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. H æ c p r i g a u m b ' e v i t e r c o m m e m o r a s f e j u f t u m no- b i s v i f u m f u i t , q u o ab iis, q u æ j a m a n t e a c o n f ia n t , I f ac i l ior a d ea e s f e t t r a n f i t u s , q u æ m in u s forfan cogni-

Ita fuit.

T e m p o r e f c i l i c e t , q u o e a , q u æ fu p ra m e m o r a v i- i r n u s , g e f l a f u n t , fl o r u e r e e x an tiq u isfi ma clarisfimaque C o m n e n o r u m g e n t e q\ o r t i , f r a t r e s d u o A lexius & Davi- <des, N e p o t e s A n d r o n i c i C o m n e n i I m p e r a t o r i s r ) . P r o ­

x i m u m v e r o hi g e n u s fu u m ab Ifaacio S e b a f to c ra to re , q u i t e r t i u s e r a t A l e x i i I C o m n e n i filius e x co n ju g e I r e n e

q) De O rigine gentis Comnenicæ haud confentiunt Eruditorum o-

piniones. D u Fresne exiftimare v id etu r, Comnenos Itaiia oriun­ dos, deindeque e o s . cura Conftantino Magno vel pofteris ejus ex Italia in Afiam rransiisfe. Causfam hujus opinionis ex Infcrip- tione quadam , quæ Ameriæ in Umbria e x flat, fumfit. Vid. Fam. Aug. Byzant. Stemma Comnen. p. 169. Celeb. W ilktn autem in O p e r e , fæpius jam citato , tali fententiæ plures ab causfas non fidem tribuendam opinatur. Scribit fe exiftimare: „C om neno­ rum gentem a tenuibus principiis orfam inclaruisfe primum vir­ tutibus illorum , qui a temporibus inde Bafilii proxim um a fum- mo & fummum ipfuna faftigium tenuere.“ 1. c, f>. a.

r ) Apud RUhs (Handb. i Medeltidens Hiftoria 1 D. p. /87) le g itu r : Alexium hunc filium fuisfe Andronici I I , unde haud levis error exoritur. Conftat tre s exftitisfe Andronicos ex ftirpe Comneno­ rum , quorum unus tantum brevisfime Imperator Byzantinus cre­ atus fuit. Hujus vero nepotes fuere Alexius Trapezuntinus ejus

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D u c æ n a nstiisr, d u x e r a n t A b If aacio enf in a l t e r a F a m i - l iæ C o m n e n i c æ p a r s , e x q u a o r t i f u n t P r i n c i p e s T r s - p e z u n t i n i , i nci pi t / ) E x hi s f r a t r i b u s m a j o r e r a t n a t u A l e x i u s , q u e m t r a d i t u r j a m a n t e U r b e m c a p t a m , C o l ch i d o n fi.ve P r o v i n c i a m T r a p e z u n t i n a m , Ducis- titu* l o , g u b e r n a s f e / ) . L o n g e v e r o a n t e h æ c t e m p o r a ad i f t a m r e g i o n e m P r æ f e é t o s , q u i b u s h o n o r D u c u m tri­ b u e b a t u r , m i t t e r e fol it os e s fe I m p e r a t o r e s B y z a n t i n o s , f c r i b u n t n o n n u l l i ; a p u d q u o s d a m h o c annuatim f a t u r a e s f e i n v e n i u \ H u j u s P r o v i n c i a e d o m i n a t u , e o d e m an. n o , q u o c a p t a eft C o n f t a n t i n o p o F i s , A l e x i u s p o t i t u r u ) , t e m p u s ilhrd apti s f i m u m exiftiirrarrs ad e a , q u a e d i a

f o r f a n f e c u m in a n i m o v e r f a b a t , g e r e n d a . H o c i n i t i u m

que frater Davides. Vid. apud' D u F re m e Stemma C o m n e n o - rum , p, 190 fqu.

s') Du Fresttt F. c. p. 176 & 189^

t ) D u Fresne p. 19a.

u ) U n u m fero- Gubernatorem arnnirafim TrapezUnfem mittere eon-

fuevit I m p e r a t o r, qui Dux dicebatu r, unde accidit, quod quidam ex iilis reû oriB us feu ducibus rebellis efîettus, tcEuit terrae d o ­ minium pro fe ipfo & fecit fe regem, H aithoui A r tn e n i Hißoria-Orientalis. Cap. X II I

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h a b u i t R e g n u t n T r a p e z u n t i n u m a. 1 2 0 4 , e ui n o i n e n d e ­ di t u r b s T r a p e z u s , p r o p t e r f i t u m , ad P o n t u m E u x i ­ n u m 7 c o - m m e r c i o f a v e n t i s f i i n u m , clara* H a u d v e r o r o u î t o p o d b e l l u m i n t e r A l e x i u m e j u s - q u e f r a t r e m & T h e o d o r u m L a f c a r i n , q u i t u n c t e m p o r i s p o t e f t a t e m I m p e r a t o r i a m e u p i d i s f i m e a f f e c t a b a t , e x o r i ­ t u r . D a v i d e s , f r a t e r A l e x i i m i n o r n a t u , p r a e c i p u a m h u j u s belli c a u s f a m d ed i t . Ille e n i m , d u m v i d e t L a - f c a r i s p o t e n t i a m m u l t i s l oc i s v a l d e d u b i a m f l u x a m q u e e s f e , h o r u m q u a e d a m a d o r i r i f tat ui t. I t a p r æ c u r f o r e m q uaf i p r æ c o n e m q u e A l e x i i a g e n s (modern e n i m in L a f c a - »in o d i o f l a g r a b a n t c o n j u n & a q u e m a n u c o n t r a e u m fe d e f e n d e r e in a n i m o h a b e b a n t ) , p o f t q u a m e x e r c i t u m e x P a p h l a g o n i a , l e g i o r i e m q u e c> I b e r o r u t n , j u x t a P h a f i n f l u m e n h a b i t a n t i u m , m e r c e d e c o n d u C l a m a c c e p e r a t , p a ­ g o s u r b e s q u e in a g r i s L a f c a r i s i n v a d i t P r o f p e r e initio r e m g e r i t . H e r a c l e a u r b e c a p t a , ibi p r i n c i p e m f e­ dern l o c o r u m , q u æ o c c u p a v e r a t , coll ocat. D e i n d e v e ­ r o f o r t u n a , q u a u f u s e r a t , fe c o n v e r t i t . C u m enim.

*) Motgx» /uisSu/TK/uMot ’Ifiyguv rtev khIovtuv xh QixartJos, / u o i g x t erant

Cohortes mille viribus feu militibus conflantes. Glosfarium ad Script, med. & infimæ Græcitatis. A u ft. C. d u Fresne, p, 945.

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D a v i d e s j u v e n e m q u e m d a m , cui n o m e n S y n a d e n u s , c u m e x e r c i t u N i c o m e d i a m , q u æ u r b s a n t i q u a c a p u t e r a t B i t h y n i a e , t ni fi sf e t , L a f c a r i s f t a t i m , N i c æ a r e l l f t a , c o p i i s q u i b u s d a m h u i c o b v i a m t e n d e n s , fingit fe crira & p l a n a via p e r g e r e , a f p e r a v e r o & i m p e d i m e n t i s i n ­ i q u a e x i m p r o v i f o S y n ^ d e n u m a d o r i t u r & m i l i t e s e j u s c æ d i t f u g a t q u e . H a c p u g n a D a v i d e m ita r e p r e s f i t , u t i n d e ei a d e m p t a e s f e t p a t e f i a s u l t r a P o n t i c a m H e r a ­ c l e a m p r o g r e d i e n d i y ). H a u d l o n g a p o f t h æ c q u i e s D a v i d i c o n c e s f a . L a f c a . r i s e n i m c u p i d i t a t e l u m i n a H e r a c l e a m o c c u p a n d i a r d e - bat . P u g n a i t e r u m i n c i p i t 5 n e c m u l t u m abf uis fe t r a d i ­ t u r , q u i n h a c L a f e a r i s u r b e m c e p i s f e t & D a v i d e m f u n ­ d i t u s e x t e r m i n a s f e t , nifi L a t i n i , c u m q u i b u s f o e d u s i n i e r a t , ei o p e m t u l i s f e n t . L a t i n i v e r o , q u i b u s fatis v i f u t n eft L a f c a r i n H e r a c l e a r e pu l f i sf e , B y z a n t i u m r e ­ d e u n t . N o n e n i m t u t u m fibi f o r e p u t a b a n t c u m L a - f cari a c ie d i m i c a r e . D a v i d e s a u t e m r e p u t a n s , fe p e r i ­ c u l u m fibi i m m i n e n s , p r æ t e r o p i n i o n e m , e v a f i s f e , L a ­ t i n o s p r o p t e r fibi o b l a t u m a u x i l i u m f r u m e n t a r i i s n a v i ­ b u s r e m u n e r a t u r , illos i t e r u m p e t e n s o r a n s q u e , u t fe q u o q u e in f o e d u s c o n t r a L a f c a r i n r e c i p i a n t , o m n e s q u e , y ) Ibid.

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qjufls t e n e r e t , r e g i o n e s i l l o r u m R e g n o a d n u m e r a r e ve- l i int z H u i c p e t i t i o n i illi a d f e n t i u n t . D a v i d e s a u t e m p o f t - c q u a m a u d i v e r a t , L a f c a r i n N i c æ a P r u l a i n abiisfe, H e r a ­ c l e a m r e l i n q u i t , m i s f i s q u e n u p e r H y z a n t i o a ux il i is e l a ­ t u s , c u m h i s , S a n g a r i o f l u m i n e ( q u o d t u n c t e m p o r i s ffines i n t e r t e r r a s L a f c a r i s e a s q u e , q u a s o c c u p a v e r a t I D a v i d e s , c o n f l i t u i s f e v i d e t u r ) f u p e r a t o , r e g i o n i s L a f c a - i r i n æ o p p i d a d e v a f t a t ; p o f t a l i q u o t d i e s i n d e d i g r e d i t u r , ( o b li di b u s a c c e p t i s , & n o n n u l l i s q u o q u e , q ui ad L a l c a - irin d e f e c e r a n t , in v i n c u l a c onj e&i s. L a t i n i v e r o , focii D a v i d i s , q u i r o b u r e x e r c i t u s e r a n t , u l t e r i u s p r o g r e d i j p a r a n c e s , c i r c a N i c o m e d i a m , f u b i t o A n d r o n i c i G u i d i , u n i u s e x D u c i b u s L a f c a r i s , a d v e n t u , pofl: v a r i a m p u - g n æ f o r t u n a m , v i n c u n t u r , n o n u l l i in infldias i n c i d e n ­ t e s c a p i u n t u r , a d e o u t f e r m e n u l l u s f u p e r e s f e t , q u i h a n c c l a d e m D a v i d i n u n t i a r e t . A c c e p t o v e r o d e e a n u n t i o , H e r a c l e a m r e p e t e r e c o a c t u s f u i t «)► D u m h a c t a m v a r i a r e r u m fu a r u m f o r t u n a u t i t u r D a v i d e s , m o r a m t r a h e n s A l e x i u s c i r c a T r a p e z u n t e m

z ) Nicetas p. 411. Da videra eamdem fidem pro terris, quas te­ nebat Alexius, dedisfe fcribitur Hift. du Bas Em pire T . 21 p. 1 3 2 ; fed nihil de hoc narrat N ic e ta s , quem A uftorera potisfi- tnum fecuti furnus.

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p e r m a n f i t . A n h o c v e r o e o confilio f e c e r i t , u t pri,- m u m , q u i f o r e t e x i t u s f u f c e p t æ a f r a t r e e x p e d i t i o n i s , v i d e n d i ei c o p i a e s f e t , a n fibi utilius p u t a r e t , <juæ p r o ­ p i u s f i ta e r a n t l o c a , q u o r u m d o m i n a t u m j a m t e n e b a t , t u e r i b)\ q u a m in r e m o t i o r i b u s t e r r i s n o v a a d i r e p e r i ­ c u l a , n o n t a m b e n e c o n f l a t . A l e x i o i m p r i m i s t e r r a ­ r u m l o n g i n q u i t a s , q u a a N i c æ a di ft ar et , f a v e r e vifa eft. S c r i b i t G regor as, p o f t q u a m T h e o d o r u s L a f c a r r s N i c æ æ I m p e r a t o r r e n u n t i a t u s e r a t , v i & o s alios, alios fuppl i- c e s fe a d e u m c o n t u i r s f e , p r a e t e r A l e x i u m ii lut n C o m - n e n u m , q ui C o l c h i d e n t e n e b a t , & , q u i in E u r o p a T h e s f a l i a e v e t e r i s q u e E p i r i p o t i t u s e r a t , I Vl i ch ael em, A n g e l o r u m f a mi li a n a t u m . H i e n i m ab U r b e i m p e r a ­ t r i c e r e m o t i s f i m i , l o c o r u m q u e f u o r u m m u n i t i o n i b u s f r e t i , m o r e t y r a n n i c o I m p e r i u m fibi v i n d i c a v e r a n t , q u o d in h u n c u s q u e d i e m l i b er i s n e p o t i b u s q u e f ui s # t a m q u a m p a t r i m o n i u m , t r a d i d e r e c). Q u a n t u m i n it io t e r r a r u m R e g n u m T r a p e z u n t i n u m c o m p r e h e n d e r e t , e x p o n e r e dff icil li mum eft. V a r i e e - c i m d e h a c re, n e c fati s p e r f p i c u e , f c r i p f e r u n t A u é t o r e s .

i ) C’et o it plu s facile à David de Retendre aux depens de Lafcaris^

do n t la puisfance éto it encore flottante. Son frère Alexis etoat referré par les T u re s . Hift. d. BasEmpire 1. c.

<0 N ice p ko ri G reg o rœ Hift. Parifiis i ? o z . Lib. I. p. 7.

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