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2020-03-221Outline for todayThe Anatomy of GalaxiesDark MatterStarsGasDustSupermassive black holeHistorical Background: The Milky WayHistorical Background: The Milky WayHistorical Background: The Milky Way

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Outline for today

The Anatomy of Galaxies

Dark Matter Stars

Gas Dust Supermassive black hole

Historical Background: The Milky Way

Historical Background: The Milky Way Historical Background: The Milky Way

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2 Historical Background: Other Galaxies Historical Background: Active Galaxies

Historical Background: Quasars/QSO Intermission: What is this?

Galaxy Classification The Hubble Tuning Fork

Irregular Galaxies Dwarf Galaxies Elliptical

Galaxies

Lenticular Galaxies

Galaxy Classification

Examples:

a=1 a=1 a=1

b=0.3 b=0.7

b=1

E0 E3 E7

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Galaxy Classification

Examples:

S0 Edge-on Face-on

Galaxy Classification

Normal Spirals

Barred Spirals

• Large bulges

• Tightly wound spiral arms

• Few star-forming regions in arms

• Small bulges

• Loosely wound spiral arms

• Many star-forming regions in arms

Sa Sb Sc

SBb

SBa SBc

Galaxy Classification

Irregular galaxies (I)

Galaxy Classification

Dwarf galaxies (dE, dSph, dI…) – Low-luminosity objects

Morphological Type? Morphological Type?

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4

What is the Point of Morphological

Classification?

Morphological Complications

X-rays UV Optical

Near-IR Far-IR

Same galaxy (M81) at different wavelengths!

Morphological Complications Morphological Complications

Wavelength Flux

Zero redshift

Wavelength Flux

Filter profile

High redshift

The Cosmological Framework I The Cosmological Framework II

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The Cosmological Framework III

The Cosmological Framework IV

References

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