Appendix I. Tables of canopy cover in vegetation plots.

(1)

( \ l ^I : I

•

^'_' ^'_!

I : i

' I

'

I i

!

•

73

Appendix I. Tables of canopy cover in vegetation plots.

(2)

•

74

Table I-1. Absolute canopy cover (and relative canopy cover) for each species in plots of the Picea

engelmannii/Galium triflorum community and the Picea ~series. Relative canopy cover for species A in a plot = (cover of species A in the plot/cover of all species in the plot).

Plots

f.

engelmannii

• ^{f .}

^~

2 Î 2 Î 3 5 Î 5

1

I

₂

I

₁ ₁

I

₂

SPECIES 3

I

₁

I

₁ ₁

I

₁

I I I I

---+---+---+--- ---+---+

TREES ^I ^I

Abies lasiocarpa 20 (15) 40 (30) 3 (3)

I

_{3 (2)}

I

Picea engelmannii 30 (22) 30 (23) 40 (34)

I I

Picea pungens 20 (16)

I

_{40 (21)}

I

Pinus contorta 3 (3) 30 (23)

I

_{30 (16)}

Populus angustifolia

I

Populus tremuloides

I

TALL SHRUBS AND SAPLINGS

Alnus incana 3 (2) 20 (10)

Amelanchier alnifolia Betula occidentalis

Populus angustifolia sapling Populus tremuloides sapling

Salix bebbiana 10 (8)

Salix boothi i 3 (2)

Salix exigua

Salix geyeriana 10 (5)

Salix lasiandra 10 (8)

Salix spp •

MEDIUM SHRUBS Artemisia cana

Artemisia trident at a Chrysothamnus nauseosus Chrysothamnus parryi Cornus sericea

Juniperus communis 1 (1) 1 ( 1)

Lonicera involucrata 3 (2) 1 (1) 3 (2)

Potentilla fruticosa 3 (2) 3 (2)

Ribes inerme

Ribes oxyacanthoides 3 (2) (1)

Ribes sp.

Rosa woodsii 1 (1) (1) 3 (2)

Rubus idaeus

Salix planifol ia 3 (2)

Salix wolfii

Shepherdia canadensis 3 (2)

Symphoricarpos occidentalis Symphoricarpos oreophilus

LOW SHRUBS AND SEEDLINGS

Arctostaphylos uva·ursi 1 (1)

Mahonia repens

Picea engelmanii seedling Populus angustifolia seedling

Vaccinium scoparium 10 (7) 10 (8) 10 (9)

GRAM I NO IDS Agropyron spp.

Agropyron subsecundum

(3)

•

' '

' _' ^'_I ' ^'

I

·' I

P. engelmannii

2 I 2 I 3

1

I

2

I

1

SPECIES I 3

I

¹

I

¹

Plots

II P. pungens

5 I 5

1

I

²

1

I

¹ ^I

---+---+---+--- ---+---+

Agropyron trachycaulum Agrostis exarata Agrostis scabra Bronus anomalus Bronus ci l i atus Bronus sp.

· Calamagrostis canadensis Carex aquati lis

Carex aurea Carex athrostachya Carex gynocrates

~ Carex lanuginosa qr Carex microptera

"'t "--carex pensylvanica

Carex rostrata Carex spp.

Danthonia intermedia Deschampsia caespitosa Eleocharis palustris ElynPJs glaucus Elymus x macounii Elymus sp.

Festuca idahoensis Festuca saximontana Glyceria striata Hordeum brachyantherum Juncus balticus

Juncus halleyi & J. traceyi Juncus longistylus & J. ensifolfus Juncus mertensianus

Juncus sp. ' Koeleria macrantha Muhlenbergia richardsonis Phleum alpinum

Phleum pratense*

Phleum sp.

Poa interior Poa juncifol ia Poa palustris*

Poa pratensis*

Poa sp.

Stipa lettermanii Stipa nelsonii Trisetum spicatum Trisetum wolfii

FORBS Achillea millefolium Aconitum columbianum Actaea rubra

Agoseris glauca Allium spp.

Anaphalis margaritacea Androsace filiformis Androsace septentrionalis Antennaria microphylla

1 (1)

20 (15) 3 (2)

3 (2)

10 (7) 1 (1)

3 (2)

10 (8)

1 (1) 1 (1)

1 (1)

1 (1) 3 (3)

I

3 (3)

1 (1) 1 (1)

1 (1)

3 (2)

10 (8) 10 (5)

3 (2)

1 (1) 1 (1)

1 (1)

3 (2) 1 (1)

75

(4)

t-·· 76 l

Plots

P. engelmannii P. pungens

2 Î 2 Î 3 5 Î 5

1

I

₂

I

₁ ₁

I

₂

SPECIES ³

I

₁

I

₁ ₁

I

₁

I I I I I

---+---+---+--- ---+---+

Antennaria umbrinella ^I 1 (1)

Arnica chamissonis

I

Arnica mollis

I

1 (1) 1 ⁽¹⁾

Artemisia ludoviciana

I

Aster adscendens

I

Aster foliaceus

I

Aster occidentalis

I

_{1 (1)}

Astragalus alpinus 1 (1) (1)

Caltha leptosepala 10 (7) 3" (2)

Campanula rotundifolia 1 (1) (1)

Caradmine breweri

Cerastium arvense 1 (1)

Cerastium fontanum Cerastium nutans Cirsium arvense*

Cirsium spp.

Cirsium vulgare*

Conioselinum scopulorum 1 (1) (1) 1 (1) 1 (1)

Descurainia incana

Dodecatheon pulchellum ^{3 (2)}

Epilobium angustifolium 1 (1) 1 (1) 1 (1) 1 (1)

Epilobium brachycarpum

Epilobium ciliatum ⁽¹⁾

Equisetum arvense-

•

Equisetum laevigatum 3 (2) 3 (2) ⁽¹⁾ 1 (1) 10 (5)

Equisetum sp. 1 (1)

Erigeron glabellus

Erigeron speciosus 3 (2) 3 (2)

Erigeron ursinus Fragaria virginiana

Frasera speciosa ⁽¹⁾ 1 (1) 10 (5)

Gal ium aparine

Gal ium boreale 1 (1) 1 (1)

Galium trifidum 1 (1) 1 (1)

Geranium richardsonii 1 (1) 3 (2) 3 (2)

Geum aleppicum 1 C1) 3 (2) 1 (1)

Geum macrophyllum

: ^~ Heracleum sphondylium 1 (1)

:

j Hypericum formosum

'--- Ligusticum porteri

Ligusticum tenuifolium

Lupinus argenteus 10 (9>_

I

Maianthemum stellatum 3 (2) 3 (2) 3 (2)

Hedicago lupulina*

Mentha arvensis

Mertensia ciliata & M. arizonica

Mitella pentandra 3 (2) 3 (3)

Orthilia secunda 10 (8) 1 (1) 10 (5)

Osmorhiza spp. 1 ( 1) ;· 1 (1) 3 (2) 10 (5)

Oxypolis fendleri 3 (2) 3 (3)

Pedicularis groenlandica Perideridia montana Plantago major*

Polygonum bistortoides Polygonum douglasii

Polygonum viviparum ^{1 (1)}

(5)

77

Plots

P. engelmannii

•

P. pungens

2 ^I 2 ^I 3

s

^I

s

1

I

₂

I

₁ ₁

I

₂

SPECIES 3

I

₁

I

₁ ₁

I

₁

I I I I I

---+---+---+--- ---+---+

Potentilla anserine

I

^I

Potentilla diversifolia

I

Potentilla gracilis Prunella vulgaris Ranunculus spp. Rudbeckia laciniata

I I I

⁽¹⁾⁽¹⁾ ^{1 (1)}

RlllleX cri spus*

Saxifrage odontoloma 3 (2) (1)

Senecio eremophilus

Senecio triangularis 3 (2) 3 (2) 3 (3) 3 (2)

Sidalcea neomexicana Solidago canadensis Solidago gigantea Solidago multiradiata Stellaria borealis

Taraxacum officinale* 3 (2) 1 (1) 1 (1) 3 (2) 3 (2)

Thalictrum fendleri Thalictrum sparsiflorum Thalspi arvense*

Tragopogon dubius*

Trifolium longipes 1 (1)

Trifolium pretense* 1 ( 1)

Trifolium repens*

Trollius laxus 1 (1)

•

Urtica dioica

Veronica wormskjoldii Veronica serpyllifolia Vicia americana

Viola sp. 3 (2)

Total tree cover

so

60 40 40 70

Total shrub cover 10 3 12 30 40

Tall 1 23 30

Medium 10 3 1

s

10

Low 10 1

Total graminoid cover 40 1S 1S 10 1S

Total forb cover 3S 3S 40 30 2S

Ground cover

Bare soil 3 3 40 1

Gravel 1

Rock 3 3 1

Litter 80 30 40 90 80

Wood 3 10 3 1 1

Moss 3

so

1

•

¹ ¹

* Exotic species

•

(6)

•

78 Table I-2. Absolute canopy cover (and relative canopy cover) for each species in plots of the Populus angustifolia/Poa pratensis community. Relative canopy cover for species A in a plot= (cover of species A in the plot/cover of all species in the plot).

---

Plots

1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4

2 1 3 4 1 7 2 5

SPECIES 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1

---+---+---+---+---+---+---+

TREES

I I I I I I

¹¹

Abies lasiocarpa

Picea engelmanni i

I I I I I I I

Picea pungens 1

130 (21) 1

1 1

11 (1) 1

1 1

Pinus contorta 1

Populus angustifol ia 160 .(42) 140 (19) 198 (50)

11ao (41) l70 (36) l4o (14) 1

Populus trenKJloides I 1 1 1 1

TALL SHRUBS AND SAPLINGS ..

Alnus incana

Populus angustifolia sapling Populus tremuloides sapling Salix bebbiana

Sal i x booth i i Salix exigua Salix geyeri ana Salix lasiandra Salix spp.

Artemisia tridentata Chrysothamnus nauseosus Chrysothamnus parryi Cornus sericea Juniperus communis Lonicera involucrata Potentilla fruticosa Ribes inerme

Ribes oxyacanthoides Ribes sp.

Rosa woodsii Rubus idaeus Salix planifolia Salix wolfii

Shepherdia canadensis Symphoricarpos occidentalis Symphoricarpos oreophilus

LO~ SHRUBS AND SEEDLINGS Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Mahonia repens

Picea engelmanii seedling Populus angustifolia seedling Vaccinium scoparium

GRAMINOIDS Agropyron spp.

I I

',3 (2) ,' 1

c

1 >

I

I I I I

12

I I I

110 (7)

3 (2) 1 ( 1)

(1) (1)

1 (1)

I I I

120 (9)

1 (1)

13 (2)

I I I I

I

3 (2)

1 (1)

(1)

1 ( 1)

(1) ( 1)

1 (1)

1 ( 1)

1 (0.4)

1 (0 .4)

13 (1)

I I I

10 (5) 1 (1) !1 (0.4)

(7)

•

Plots

1 1 1 ¹ 1 4 4

2 3 4 1 7 2 5

SPEC! ES 1 1 1 2 1 1 I 1 1 1 2 1 1 1

--···-···+···+···+···+-···+···+···+

Agropyron trachycaulun

13

(2)

13

(2)

I I I

Agrostis exarata

I

1 1 13 (2) 1

Agrostis scabra 1 (1) 10 (5)

I

¹

BrOITA.Is

a~~Lus I

^{3 (2)} ^{l3 (2)} ¹¹⁰⁽⁵⁾ ^l3⁽¹⁾

BrOITA.Is c1 L 1 at us 1 1

BrOIIKJs sp. 1 ( 1) I 1

Calamagrostis canadensis I 1

Carex aquati Lis

Carex aurea 13 (2) II

Carex athrostachya 1 1

Carex gynocrates

Carex Lanuginosa

I I

Carex microptera 110 (5) 1

Carex pensylvanica I 1 1

Carex rostrata

Carex spp. (1) 1

13 (2) 3 (2) 10 (5) 1 110 (5) Danthonia intermedia

Deschamps i a caespi tosa

11 3

11

Eleocharis palustris I (2) 1

Elymus glaucus

E l ymus x macoun i i 1 C 1 )

I

1 ( 1 ) l3 c 2)

Elymus sp.

I I

Festuca idahoensis 1

1 1 (1) 1

Festuca saximontana 1 Glyceria striata

1

1 (1) l3 (2)

Hordeum brachyantherum

Juncus balticus 1 (1) l30 (14) 1 (1) Juncus halleyi & J. traceyi

Juncus Longistylus & J. ensifolius Juncus mertensianus

Juncus sp.

Koeleria macrantha Muhlenbergia richardsonis Phleun alpinun

Phleum pratense*

Phleun sp.

Poa interior

(1) (1)

1 (1)

10 (5)

13 (2)

I

11 (1)

I

(0.4)

3 (1)

Poa juncifol ia Poa palustris*

Poa pratensis*

Poa sp.

1 (1)

1 (1) 140 ( 19)

I

50 (26) l7o c36> 140 (20) 20 (7)

I

Stipa lettermanii Stipa nelsoni i Trisetum spicatum Trisetum wolfii

FORBS Achillea millefolium Aconitum columbianum Actaea rubra

Agoseris glauca Alliun spp.

Anaphalis margaritacea Androsace filiformis Androsace septentrionalis Antennaria microphylla Antennaria umbrinella

1 ( 1)

1 (1) 1 (1)

I I I I I

13 (2)

I I I I I I I I

I

1 (1) 1 ( 1)

1 ( 1)

I I I I I I

13 (2)

I I

11 ( 1)

I I I I

I

1 (0.4)

79

(8)

•

Plots

1 1 1 ¹ 1 4 4

2 3 4 1 7 2 5

SPECIES ¹ 1 ¹ 2 ¹ 1

I

¹ 1 ¹ 2 ¹ 1 1

---+---+---+---+---+---+---+

Arnica chamissonis

j

¹

l

Arnica moll is 3 (1)

I

^{1 (1)} 1

1

Aster adscendens 1 1

Aster foliaceus 1 (1)

Aster occidentalis

I ^I

Astragalus alpinus

I

Caltha leptosepala Campanula rotundifolia Caradmine breweri Cerastium arvense Cerastium fontanum Cerastium nutans Cirsium arvense*

Cirsium spp.

Cirsium vulgare*

Conioselinum scopulorum Descurainia incana Dodecatheon pulchellum Epilobium angustifolium Epilobium brachycarpum Epilobium ciliatum Equisetum arvense Equisetum laevigatum Equisetum sp.

Erigeron glabellus Erigeron speciosus Erigeron ursinus Fragaria virginiana Frasera speciosa Gal ium aparine Gal ium boreale Gal ium trifidum Geranium richardsonii Geum aleppicum Geum macrophyllum Heracleum sphondyl ium Hypericum formosum Ligusticum porteri Ligusticum tenuifolium Lupinus argenteus Maianthemum stellatum Medicago lupulina*

Mentha arvensis

Mertensia ciliata & M. arizonica Mitella pentandra

Orthilia secunda Osmorhiza spp.

Oxypolis fendleri Pedicularis groenlandica Perideridia montana Plantago major*

Polygonum bistortoides Polygonum douglasii Polygonum viviparum Potentilla anserine Potentilla diversifolia

13

⁽²⁾

11 ( 1)

13

⁽²⁾

I,

c1>

11 (1)

11 ( 1) 11 ( 1)

I I I I

11 (1)

I, 13

⁽²⁾

I I I I

11 (1)

I I

I

11 (1)

110 (5)

I I I I I,

(1)

1 (1)

13

(2)

I I I I I

2 1 (1)

1 3 (2)

1 (1) 1 ( 1)

I

,, (1)

I I

I

4 (2)

1 (1)

(1)

3 (2)

10 (5)

I I I I

1 (0.4)

10 (3)

,, (0.4)

I I I I 13

⁽¹⁾

I I I I I I I I

I

80

(9)

81

Plots

1 ^I 1 1 ^I 1 4 4

2

I

₃ ₄

I

₇ ₂ _s

SPECIES 1

I

₂ ₁

I

₁ ₂ ₁

I I I I

---+---+---+---+---+---+---+

Potentilla gracilis 1 ( 1) 12 (1) 11 (1) 1 (0.4) ^I

Prunella vulgaris 3 (2)

I I

Ranunculus spp.

I I

Rudbeckia laciniata 1 ( 1)

Runex crispus*

I I

Saxifrage odontoloma

I

Senecio eremophilus

Senecio triangularis

I

Sidalcea neomexicana 1 (1)

I

_{1 (0.4)}

Solidago canadensis

I

Solidago gigantea

I

Solidago multiradiata

I

Stellaria borealis

I

Taraxacum officinale* 3 (2) 10 (S) 3 (2) 3 (2) j2o <10> 120 (7)

Thalictrum fendleri 1 (1)

Thalictrum sparsiflorum

I I

Thalspi arvense* 1 (1)

I I

Tragopogon dubius*

I I

Trifolium longipes

I I

Trifolium pretense*

I

_j2o_<7>

Trifolium repens* 1 (1) 13 (2)

Troll ius laxus

I

Urtica dioica 1 (1)

I

Veronica wormskjoldii

I

Veronica serpyllifolia

I

•

Vicia americana 1 (1) 1 (1) 1 ( 1) 10 (3)

Viola sp. 1 (1) 3 (2)

Total tree cover 80 40 98 80 70 40

Total shrub cover 10 20 7 s s s

Tall 3 20 7 1 2 2

Medium 16 1 4 3

Low 3 3

Total graminoid cover 3 90 so 80 so 20

Total forb cover 20 30 10 10 40 40

Ground cover

Bare soil 1 3 3 1 1

Gravel 1 1 1 1

Rock 1 1 1 1

Litter 80 8S 90 90 8S 8S

Wood 20 1 10 3 10 10

Moss 1 1 1 1 1

---

* Exotic species

(10)

II

~ I

~ :

I I

82 Table 1-3. Absolute canopy cover (and re_lative canopy cover) for each species in plots of the Populus angustifolia Recent Alluvial Bar vegetation type. Relative canopy cover for species A in a plot= (cover of species A in the plot/cover of all species in the plot).

---

Plots

4 4 1 1

1 3

s I

SPECIES 1 3 1 1 1 1 1

---+---+---+---+

TREES Abies lasiocarpa Picea engelmannii Picea pungens Pinus contorta Populus angustifolia Populus tremuloides

TALL SHRUBS AND SAPLINGS Alnus incana

Populus angustifolia sapling Populus tremuloides sapling Salix bebbi ana

Salix boothii Salix exigua Salix geyeriana Salix lasiandra Salix spp.

Rosa woodsii Rubus idaeus Salix planifolia Salix wol fii

LOY SHRUBS AND SEEDLINGS Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Mahonia repens

GRAHINOIDS Agropyron spp.

Agropyron subsecundum Agropyron trachycaulum

I I I I 11

I I 11

I I I I I I I I

(1)

11 (1)

I

I I I I I I I 11

⁽¹⁾

1 (1) 1 (1) 1 (1)

10 (13) 120 (27)

I I I

11

⁽¹⁾

I

I I I I .I I I I I

1 (1)

40 (27)

(1)

1 (1)

3 (2)

(11)

83 Plots

4 ^I 4 1

1

I

₃ ₅

SPECIES 3

I

₁ ₁

I I I I

---+-·--··--+---·+---+

Agrostis exarata ¹3 (4) 10 (14)

Agrostis scabra 3 (2)

BrOIIUs anomalus BrOIIUs ci l iatus Brorws sp.

Calamagrostis canadensis Carex aquatilis

Carex aurea Carex athrostachya

Carex gynocrates 3 (2)

Carex lanuginosa Carex microptera Carex pensylvanica Carex rostrata

Carex spp. 1 (1) 1 (1)

Danthonia intermedia Deschampsia caespitosa Eleocharis palustris ElynKJs glaucus

Elymus x macounii 3 (2)

ElynKJs sp.

Festuca idahoensis Festuca saximontana

Glyceria striata 1 (1) (1)

--

Hordeum brachyantherum (1)

Juncus balticus

Juncus halleyi & J. traceyi Juncus longistylus & J. ensifolius Juncus mertensianus

Juncus sp.

Koeleria macrantha Muhlenbergia richardsonis Phleum alpinum

Phleum pratense* 13 (4) 1 (1) 3 (2)

Phleum sp.

Poa interior

I

Poa juncifolia

I

Poa palustris*

I

₁₀₍₇₎

: Poa pratensis*

-I

13 (4) 20 ( 14)

Poa sp.

Stipa lettermanii

I

Stipa nelsonii

I

Trisetum spicatum

I

Trisetum wolfii

I I

FORBS

I

Achillea millefolium 13 (4) 1 (1) 3 (2)

Aconitum columbianum

I

Actaea rubra

I

Agoseris glauca

I

Allium spp.

I

Anaphalis margaritacea

I

Androsace filiformis

I I

Androsace septentrionalis Antennaria microphylla

I

Antennaria umbrinella

I

_I

(12)

-

Plots

4 I 4 1

1

I

³

s

SPECIES 1 3

I

1 1 1 1 1

---+---+---+---+

Arnica chamissonis

I I I

Arnica moll is 1 1 1

Artemisia ludoviciana 1 (1) 1 (1)

I I

Aster adscendens 1 1

Aster fol i aceus 1 1

Aster occidentalis 1 (1) 1 (1)

I I

Astragalus alpinus 1

Caltha leptosepala

Campanula rotundifol ia

I

Caradmine breweri

I

Cerastium arvense 1

Cerastium fontanum ¹

Cerastium nutans

I

1 (1)

Cirsium arvense* 1 (1) (1)

I

Cirsium spp.

Ci rsium vulgare* (1)

I

Conioselinum scopulorum

I

Descurainia incana Dodecatheon pulchellum Epilobium angustifolium Epilobium brachycarpum Epilobium ciliatum Equisetum arvense Equisetum laevigatum Equisetum sp.

Erigeron glabellus Erigeron speciosus Erigeron ursinus Fragaria virginiana Frasera speciosa Gal ium aparine Galium boreale Gal ium trifidum Geranium richardsonii Geum aleppicum Geum macrophyllum Herac l eum sphondyl i urn Hypericum formosum Ligusticum porteri Ligusticum tenuifolium Lupinus argenteus Maianthemum stellatum Medicago lupulina*

Mentha arvensis

Polygonum bistortoides Polygonum douglasii Polygonum viviparum Potentilla anserina Potentilla diversifolia

1 (1) 1 (1)

10 (13) 3 (4)

1 ( 1)

1 ( 1) 1 (1)

1 (1)

1 ( 1)

I, m I I, 11 I I I I I I I I I, I I

13 I

I (1) ( 1)

(1)

(4)

1 (1)

3 (2)

1 (1)

84

(13)

85 Plots

I 4 4 1

I

₁ ₃ ₅

SPECIES

I

_I ₃ _I ₁ _I ₁ _I

---+---+---+---+

•

ⁱ_I ⁱ

; :

Potentilla gracilis 11 (1)

Prunella vulgaris 13 (4) 1 (1) Ranunculus spp.

Rudbeckia laciniata 11 (1) 1 (1) 3 (2)

Runex cr i spus* 13 (4) 1 (1)

Saxifraga odontoloma

Senecio eremophilus

I

₁₀₍₇₎

I

Sidalcea neernexicana

I

Solidago canadensis

I

Solidago gigantea 11 (1)

Solidago multiradiata Stellaria borealis

I

Taraxacum officinale* 13 (4) 13 (4) 10 (7)

Thalictrum fendleri

I I

Thalspi arvense*

I I

Tragopogon dubius*

I I

Trifolium longipes

I I

Trifolium pratense* 120 (26) 110 (14)

Trifolium repens* 20 (14)

Troll ius laxus

I I

Urtica dioica

I I

_{1 (1)}

I I

Vicia americana 11 (1) 11 (1) 1 (1)

Viola sp.

I I

Total tree cover

I I

Total shrub cover

I

₁₂

I

₂₄ ₄₀

Tall

I

₁

I

₁ ₄₀

Medium

I

₁

I

₃

Low

I

₁₀

I

₂₀ ₃

Total graminoid cover

I

₁₁

I

₁₀ ₄₀

Total forb cover

I

₅₀

I

₃₀ ₄₀

I I

i '

(

--.

' '

; I

Ground cover

I I

Bare soil

I

₁

I

₁ ₃₀

Gravel

I

₄₅

I

₇₅ ₁₀

Rock

I

₄₅

I

₂₀ ₁₀

Litter

I

₃

I

₁ ₄₀

Wood

I

₃

I

₃ ₁

Moss

I

₁

I

_1·

I I

i_

---

* Exotic species

•

(14)

--

.-:---=--- -- l'

+

^p^f~)-s

J-/<'-·1A..

cV.

^SJ)^icoh_/_:r~'~

_/ _{rvlc? :} /"">.

^.;.z.

86

~---~---~

Table I-4. Absolute canopy cover (and relative canopy cover) for

each~species

in plots of the Salix

seyeriana/~

pratensis (Salgey/Poapra) comunity, the Salix seyeriana/Carex rostrate community (Salgey/Carros), and the unclassified Salix geyeriana stand (Uncl). Relative canopy cover for species A in a plot·= (cover of species A in the plot/cover of all species in the¹plot). ·

.;so

~0.. ^...ry;··

^,.s-Pllts

~,~_..-

. ~ ~ (.& ,..~\..,;;~algey/'<;( l . {

17 Salgey/ "C__fl

~ .Y ·'"",..:::,/ ~..:Poapra::>A_ ^'--\S JICarros 11 Un~:L-

1 q5 I 7''- I 7 I ·~6l.2--¹j 7 I vtS~ 3 2 I

I

3

I

3

I

2

I

ft~. 1

I

4

I '·.

3V 3 3

I

SPECIES

I

_I 1

I

_I 1

I

_I 1

I '

_I 1

I

_I 1

I '

_I _...1 _, 3 1

II

---;;;;;·;;;;;;;;;;:;;;·---·---·---·---·---~~----,-- ---·

P1cea pungens r1 1

Pinus contorta ~130 C17)l

Populus angustifolia ~

1

^'-

Populus trenKJloides 1 (1)

. i

Alnus

T~~~a~:RUBS

AND SAPLINGS ,,

3 ( 2)

3 ( 2) Amelanchier alnifol ia

11.

Betula occidentalis 3 (2) 3 (2)

Populus angustifolia sapling

1

1 Populus tremuloides sapling

Salix bebbiana ----~ j

10 (6)

30 (19)

Salix boothii

(~~(9) J2~---~~~~jl

¹¹⁰ ⁽⁶⁾

Salix exigua _____,

1

Salix geyeriana l30 (28)140 (22)1

140 (23),20 (11), 20 (11) 10 (7) 40 (34) 50 (31)

Salix lasiandra

I ^I

3 (2) 40 (22)

I

10 (7)

Salix spp.

1 1

¹¹

MEDIUM SHRUBS

I I I

Artemisia cana

Artemisia tridentate

I I I

Chrysothamnus nauseosus

I I

^l1

Chrysothamnus parryi

Cornus sericea

I I ^I

1

Juniperus communis I

1. 1 (1) 1 (1) 1 1'20 (11)

Lonicera involucrata l

11o (5)

I

1 (1) 1 (1) ,-10 (6) 1 (1)

Potentilla fruticosa 1 (1)

I

1 (1)

I

3 (2) 3 (2) 10 (6) Ribes inerme

110 (6)

Ribes oxyacanthoides 1 (1)

I I

¹

I

3 (2)

10 (6) 1 (1)

(15)

' \

__

^.

•

(16)

•

^----~·^I

•

^.~·

Plots

Salgey/ I(Salgey/1(

I 5 I 7 I 7 I 6 I 7 I 6 3

I 3 Î 3 Î 2 Î 1 Î 4 Î 3 3

SPECIES

!

¹

!

¹

!

¹

!

¹

!

¹

!

¹ ³

Poapra lcarros

---~~~~~~~~~~-~~~~~~;~~~---.---+-;-~~;-+-;-~~;cr-:t~i---+---i--- ~---

Eleocharis palustris 1- 1 1

Elymus glaucus

Elymus x macounii

I I I

Elymus sp.

Festuca idahoensis I I I

Festuca saximontana 1~1

I

3_.-R)

Glyceria striata

l\3~~3

⁽²⁾ ^{3 (2)}

~~

Hordeun brachyantherum

1

Juncus balticus 1 (1) 3 (2) 3 (2)

Juncus halleyi & J. traceyi

I

Juncus longistylus 1

& J. ensifolius

Juncus mertensianus

I

Juncus sp. 3 (2)

Koeleria macrantha

1

1 1 (1)

Muhlenbergia richardsonis 1

Phleun alpinum

Phleum pratense* 3 (3) 3 (2) 3 92) 1 (1) 110 (7) Phleum sp.

Poa interior Poa juncifolia Poa palustris*

Poa pratensis*

Poa sp.

10 (7)

Uncl 2 I

~ I

---+

1 (1)

3 (2)

FORBS Achillea millefolium Aconitum colunbianum Actaea rubra

Agoseris glauca Alliun spp.

1 (1) 3 (2) 1 (1) 3 (2) 1 ( 1)

1 (1) 1 (1) 3 (2)

1 (1)

Anaphalis margaritacea 3 (2)

88

(17)

• • ^..

^-^..^-

89

Plots

Salgey/ Salgey/11

Poapra ncarros Uncl

5 7 7 ^I 6 7 6 3 2 ^I

3 3 2

I

₁ ₄ ₃ ₃ ₃

I

SPECIES 1 _I 1 _I 1

I

₁ ₁ ₁ ₃ ₁

I

I I I

---+---+---+---+---+---+--- ---+

Androsace filiformis ^I

Androsace septentrionalis

I

Antennaria microphylla 3 (2)

I

_{3 (2)} ₁₍₁₎ ₁₍₁₎

I

Arnica chamissonis

I

Arnica mollis 1 ( 1)

I

Aster adscendens 3 (2) 10 (6)

Aster occidentalis 3 (3)

Astragalus alpinus Caltha leptosepala

Campanula rotundifolia ( 1) 1 ⁽¹⁾

Caradmine breweri

Cerastium arvense (1) (1)

Cerastium fontanum

Cerastium nutans (1) 1 (1)

Cirsium arvense* (1)

Cirsium spp. (1) 1 (1) (1) 3 (2) (1)

Cirsium vulgare*

Conioselinum scopulorum 1 (1) 3 (2) 3 (2) 3 (2)

Descurainia incana 1 (1)

Dodecatheon pulchellum 3 (2) 1 (1)

Epilobium angustifolium 1 (1) 3 (2) 1 (1)

Epilobium brachycarpum

Epilobium ciliatum 3 (2) 1 (1)

Equisetum arvense

Equisetum laevigatum 1 (1) 3 (2) 3 (2) 3 (2)

Equisetum sp.

Erigeron glabellus Erigeron speciosus

I

^{110 (6)}

Erigeron ursinus

I I

Fragaria virginiana

Frasera speciosa 3 (3) 110 (5) 3 (2)

I

_{3 (2)} _{3 (2)} _{3 (2)} _{1 (1)}

Gal ium aparine

I

_{1 (1)} _{1 ( 1)}

Galium boreale

I

_{1 (1)}

I

_{1 (1)}

Galium trifidum

I I

_{1 (1)}

I

I I

(18)

.(

Plots Salgey/

Poapra

5 7 7 ^I 6 7 6

3 3 2

I

₁ ₄ ₃

SPECIES 1 1 1

I

₁ ₁ ₁

---+---+---+---+---+---+---

I

Geranium richardsonii

l

^{3 (2)} ^{3 (2)}

Geum aleppicum 1 (1) 10 (5) 3 (2) 3 (2) 1 (1) 3 (2) Geum macrophyllum

Heracleum sphondylium Hypericum formosum Ligusticum porteri Ligusticum tenuifolium Lupinus argenteus Maianthemum stellatum Medicago lupulina*

Mentha arvensis

Polygonum bistortoides Polygonum douglasii Polygonum viviparum Potentilla anserina Potentilla diversifolia Potentilla gracilis Prunella vulgaris Ranunculus spp.

Rudbeckia laciniata Rumex crispus*

Saxifrage odontoloma Senecio eremophilus Senecio triangularis Sidalcea neomexicana Solidago canadensis Solidago gigantea Solidago multiradiata Stellaria borealis

3 (3)

(1) (1)

1 (1) 1 (1)

3 (2)

1 (1) 3 (2)

1 (1)

3 (2)

1 (1)

(1) (1)

3 (2)

1 (1)

3 (2)

1 (1)

3 (2) 3 (2) 3 (2)

3 (2)

10 (7)

nsalgey/

Carros 11 3 3 3 1 (1) 1 (1)

1 (1)

Uncl 2 3 1

I

I I

I

---+

1 (1)

10 (6)

,I J .

90

(19)

r · -' I

r-~:-- -- -^-

Plots

Salgey/ (ISalgey/(1

Poapra Carros

5 7 7 I 6 7 6 3

3 3 2 1 1 4 3 3

SPECIES I 1 I 1 I 1

I

¹ ^I ¹ ^I ¹ ³

--- -+--- -+--- ---- -+- .,_ ..,---

--+--- ---

-+---- -- -+-- ---= ---

Taraxacum officinale* 1 (1)

~~.10

c5iP:r;;IJ.Q_J_W.IIu 3 (2) '1 <1>

r.-;:;-; 1 ^_,~

1 <1>

Thalictrum fendleri

Thalic~rum

sparsiflorum 1 (1)

I

^{3 (2)}

I

^{3 (2)}

I

^{3 (2)}

I

Thalsp1 arvense*

I I

Tragopogon dubius* ---,

I I

Trifolium Longipes (110 (5)) I~---

J

~~---·----

Trifolium pratense* (1) ._ __ (l~o (23>.p3 (2) (110 (7) 1

Trifolium repens* ---- -- ~---'

Troll ius Laxus

Urtica dioica 1 (1)

Veronica wormskjoldii Veronica serpyllifolia

Vicia americana (1)

Viola sp.

Total tree cover Total shrub cover

Tall Medium Low

Total graminoid cover Total forb cover Ground cover

Bare sci L Gravel Rock Litter Wood Moss

30 30 1 40 15

80 3 3

80 60 20 20 50

80 3 1

30

40 80 70

40 70 40

5 10 30

3 3

20 40 20

80 30 30

10 31 3

1 1

60 40 40

3 3 3

10 30 30

20 20 1 50 40

80 3 1

50 50

50 10

10

70

Uncl 2 3 1

I

I I

I

---+

1 (1)

10 70 60 10 1 15 30

10 3 10 50 10

91

---~---

* Exotic species

/ '•

J

^..^----^I ^~~-^-1 ⁱ ^I

I ·(

' ~--) ·-··-) ^', ___ ⁾

/ r F ^,-r~ ---^~

-

(20)

I \

i~ I

( ' )

·~

•••

92 Table I-5. Absolute canopy cover (and relative canopy cover). for each species in plots of the Salix

boothii/Poa pratensis community (Salboo/Poapra) and in the unclassified Salix boothii stand (Uncl).

Relative canopy cover for species A in a plot = (cover of species A in the plot/cover of all species in the plot).

---

_Plots

Sal boo/

Poapra

1 I 1 4

3

I s

²

SPECIES I 3

I

¹ ^I ¹

II Uncl 3 3 1

I

---+---+---+--- ---+

TREES

I I

Abies lasiocarpa

Pi cea engelmanni i

I I

Picea pungens

Pinus contorta

I I

Populus tremuloides

I I

I 13

m

11

(0.4)

1 I I

I I

Populus angustifolia sapling Populus tremuloides sapling Salix bebbiana

Salix boothii

Salix exi gua

· !so

<36>

17o

<41> 60 C30> 90 <46>

· 11o <4> I Salix geyeriana

Salix lasi andra Salix spp.

Rosa woodsii Rubus idaeus Salix planifol ia Salix wol fi i

LOW SHRUBS AND SEEDLINGS Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Mahonia repens

Picea engelmanii seedling Populus·angustifolia seedling Vaccinium scoparium

GRAMINOIDS.

Agropyron spp •

I I

I 11 '1'

I I

l2o

<9>

I

l1

^ca.4>

I

¹

c

¹>

I I

₁_(0.4) ^{1 (1)}

r

⁽²⁾

I

120 (10)

1 ca.4>

1

1 (0.4)

I

(21)

\ _.__ ...

Plots Sal boo/

Poapra

1 ^I 1 4

3

I s

2

SPECIES 1 3

!

¹ ¹ ¹

---+---+---+---

I

Agropy~on trachycaulum

1¹^(0.4)

Agrostls exarata

I

Agrostis scabra

I

Bromus anomalus

1¹⁰⁽⁴⁾

Bromus ciliatus

I

Bromus sp.

I

Calamagrostis canadensis

I

Carex aquatilis

I

Carex aurea

I

Carex athrostachya

Carex gynocrates ·110 (4)

Carex lanuginosa

I

Carex microptera 3 (1)

Carex pensylvanica Carex rostrata Carex spp.

Danthonia intermedia Oeschampsia caespitosa Eleocharis palustris Elynus glaucus Elymus ·x macounii Elynus sp.

Juncus halleyi & J. traceyi Juncus longistylus & J. ensifolius Juncus mertensianus

Juncus sp.

Koeleria macrantha Muhlenbergia richardsonis Phleum alpinllll

Phleum pratense*

Phleum sp.

Poa interior Poa juncifol ia Poa palustris*

Poa pratensis*

Poa sp.

Stipa lettermanii Stipa nelsonii Trisetum spicatum Trisetum wol fi i

FORBS Achillea millefolium Aconitum colliTbianum Actaea rubra

Anaphalis margaritacea Androsace filiformis

1 (0.4)

(0.4)

3 (1)

10 (4) 120 (9)

I I I I I I

1, co.4>

I I I I I

I

10 (6) 1 (1)

20 (12)

10 (6)

13

⁽²⁾

I I I I I I 13

⁽²⁾

I I I I I

I

11

(0.4)

13

(1)

110 (5)

I I I I I I 13

(1)

I

11 (0.4)

I I I 13

(1)

20 ( 10)

10 (5)

1 (0.4) 11 Uncl

3 3 1

I

I I

I

---+

6 (3)

40 (20)

3 (2)

1 (1)

l

93

(22)

Plots Sal boo/

Poapra

1 I 1 4

3

I s

2

SPECIES I 3

I

¹ ^I ¹

---+---+---+---

Androsace septentrionalis

l

Antennaria microphylla 1

Antennaria unbrinella 1

Arnica chamissonis 1 (0.4)

Arnica mollis

Artemisia ludoviciana Aster adscendens

Aster occidentalis Astragalus alpinus Caltha leptosepala Campanula rotundifolia Caradmine breweri Cerastium arvense Cerastiurn fontanum Cerastiurn nutans Cirsium arvense*

Cirsium spp.

Cirsium vulgare*

Erigeron glabellus Erigeron speciosus Erigeron ursinus Fragaria virginiana Frasera speciosa Gal ium aparine Galium boreale Gal h.rn trifidum Geranium richardsonii Geum a l eppi cum Geum macrophyllum Heracleum sphondylium Hypericum formosum Ligusticum porteri Ligusticum tenuifolium Lupinus argenteus Maianthemum stellatum Medicago lupulina*

Mentha arvensis

Orthilia secunda Osmorh i za spp.

20 (12) 10 (5)

13 ⁽¹⁾ 11 (0.4)

I I I I

110 (4)

I

13

⁽¹⁾

1 (1)

13 (1) 11

1 co.4> I

(1)

I I I I I

10 (4) 11 ⁽¹⁾

I

13 (1) 13 (2)

I I

1 (0.4)

13 (1)

I I I

_{11 (0.4)}

3 (1)

II

I

Uncl 3 3 1

I

I I

---+

I

3 (2)

l

3 (2)

13 (2)

30 (15)

10 (5)

1 ( 1)

94

(23)

95

Plots Sal boo/ II

Poapra Uncl

1 ^I 1 4 3 ^I

3

I

₈ ₂ ₃

I

SPECIES 3

I

₁ ₁ ₁

I

I I I I

---+---+---+--- ---+

J

Polygonum bistortoides

I

^I ^I

I

Polygonum douglasii

I I

^(0.4)

Polygonum viviparum

I I

Potentilla anserina Potentilla diversifolia

I I

^(0.4)

Potentilla gracilis

I,

_(0.4)

I

_(0.4)

Prunella vulgaris

I I

Ranunculus spp.

I

RUdbeckia laciniata 13 (2)

Rumex crispus*

I

Saxifraga odontoloma

I

Senecio eremophilus

I

l

Sidalcea neomexicana 1 (0.4)

I I

Solidago canadensis

I I

Solidago gigantea 13 (2)

I

Solidago multiradiata

I I

Stellaria borealis

I I

Taraxacum officinale* 3 (1)

l,o

(6) 120 (10) Thalictrum fendleri 110 (4)

I

^{13 (1)}

I I I

Thalspi arvense*

I I I

Tragopogon dubius*

I I I

Trifolium longipes

I I l,o

Trifolium pratense*

I,

13

I

⁽⁵⁾

Trifolium repens* (0.4) (2)

Troll ius laxus

I I I

Urtica dioica

I I

13 (1)

I I

_{1 (1)}

Vicia americana 13 (1) 13 (2)

I

Viola sp.

I

¹¹ ⁽¹⁾

Total tree cover

I I

Total shrub cover

I

₈₀ ₇₄ ₆₀

I

⁹⁰

Tall

I

₈₀ ₇₄ ₅₀ ₉₀

Medium ^Low

I I _I

² ¹ ²⁰

I

Total graminoid cover

I

⁴⁰ ⁴⁰ ²⁰ ⁴⁰

Total forb cover

I

⁴⁰ ⁴⁰ ⁴⁰ ⁴⁰

Ground cover

I

Bare soil

I

₁₀ ₃

Gravel

I

Rock

I

₁

Litter

I

₈₀ ₇₅ ₉₀ ₈₅

llood

I

₁ ₁ ₃

Moss

I

₁

~

₁₀

I

---

* Exotic species

(24)

•

Table I-6. Absolute canopy cover (and relative canopy cover) for each species in plots of the Alnus incana/Mesic Graminoid community (Alninc/MG) and the unclassified Alnus incana stand (Uncl). Relative canopy cover for species A in a plot= (cover of species A in the plot/cover of all species in the plot).

96

---

Plots

Alninc/MG 11 Uncl

4 1 I 1 8 9

1 3

I

6 2 1

SPECIES I 1 I 1

I

² ^I ¹ ¹

---+---+---+---+--- ---+

TREES I I I I

I

Abies lasiocarpa

I I I I

20 (13)

Picea engelmannii

I I I ₁ ¹ ¹

1

^{20 (13)}

Picea pungens

Pinus contorta

I I ^II ^II I

I I I I I

Populus trerwloides

I I I I I

I I I I

Amelanchier alnifolia Betula occidentalis Cornus sericea Lonicera involucrata

Populus angustifolia sapling Populus tremuloides sapling Salix bebbi ana

Salix boothii Salix exigua Salix geyeriana Salix lasiandra Salix planifolia Salix spp.

Artemisia tridentate Chrysothamnus nauseosus Chrysothamnus parryi Juniperus communis Potentilla fruticosa Ribes inerme

Rosa woodsii Rubus idaeus Salix wol fi i

LOW SHRUBS AND SEEDLINGS Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Mahonia repens

GRAMINOIDS Agropyron spp.

l9o <42> 173 C29> lso C16> 130 <18> l6o C38>

I I I I

3 <1>

13 (1)

I I I

l3 <1>

I I

1 <1> 1 <1>

l3 c1 >

I I

3 <2> 1

I I I I

I I I

14 (2) 130 (9)

I

3 (2)

I

13(1) 110(6)1

13

I

¹¹¹⁰ ⁽⁶⁾

I c

¹>

I

I I

13 (1)

I I I I

I

,so (16)

I I I I

I

3 (2)

I

10 (6)

I I

3 (2)

1

3 (2)

I I _I

I

₁₀₍₆₎

(25)

••

Plots Alninc/MG

4 1 I 1 8

1 3 1 6 2

SPECIES ¹ 1 ¹ 1 ¹ 2 ¹ 1

11 Uncl 9 1 1

I

_I

---+---+---+---·~---

---+

Agropyron trachycaulum

I I

¹⁽¹⁾

Agrostis exarata 3 C1>

I

1 (1)

Agrostis scabra 10 (4)

I

BrOIIl.ls anomalus

I

BrOIIl.ls cil iatus

I

¹⁽¹⁾

BrOIIl.ls sp. 1

Calamagrostis canadensis

50 (30)

I I

b

^<2>

^I

Carex aquatilis 10 (5)

Carex aurea Carex athrostachya Carex gynocrates Carex lanuginosa Carex microptera Carex pensylvanica Carex rostrata Carex spp.

Danthonia intermedia Deschampsia caespitosa Eleocharis palustris Elymus glaucus Elymus x macounii Elymus sp.

Juncus hall eyi & J • t raceyi . Juncus longistylus & J. ensifolius Juncus mertensianus

Juncus sp.

Koeleria macrantha Muhlenbergia richardsonis Phleum alpinum

Phleum pratense*

Phleum sp.

Poa interior Poa juncifolia Poa palustris*

Poa pratens is*

Poa sp.

FORBS Achillea millefolium Aconitum col~i anum Actaea rubra

Anaphalis margaritacea Androsace filiformis Androsace septentrionalis Antennaria microphylla

1 (0.4) 1 (0.4) 3 (1)

13

⁽¹⁾

I I I I I I I 130

⁽¹⁴⁾

13

⁽¹⁾

I I I I I I 13

⁽¹⁾

10 (5)

10 (4)

13

⁽¹⁾

13

⁽¹⁾

I I I I I I I I I

160 (24)

1 (0.4)

10 (3)

120 (6)

I I I I

!20 <6>

130

(9)

11

^(0.4)

I I I I 13

⁽¹⁾

I I I 130

⁽⁹⁾

10 (6)

3 (2) 1 (1)

3 (2)

1 (1)

I 11

⁽¹⁾

1 (1) 1 (1) 3 (2) 1 (1)

I

I I

""I ^en ^I _I

( 1)

l

1 (1)

97

(26)

~' ^I

Plots Alninc/HG

4 1 I 1 8

, 3 1 6 2

SPECIES 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1

II Uncl 9 1 1

I

---+---+---+---+--- ---+

I

Arn!ca cham!ssonis 1

Arn1ca·moll1s

I

Artemisia ludoviciana 1

Aster adscendens

I

Aster foliaceus

I

Aster occidentalis 1

Astragalus alpinus

I

Caltha leptosepala

I

Campanula rotundifolia 1

Caradmine breweri 3 ⁽¹⁾

Cerastium arvense Cerastium fontanum Cerastium nutans Cirsium arvense*

Cirsium spp.

Cirsium vulgare*

Erigeron glabellus Erigeron speciosus Erigeron ursinus Fragaria virginiana Frasera speciosa Galium aparine Galium boreale Gal ium trifidum Geranium richardsonii Geum aleppicum Geum macrophyllum Heracleum sphondyl ium Hypericum formosum Ligusticum porteri Ligusticum tenuifolium Lupinus argenteus Haianthemum stellatum Hedicago lupulina*

Mentha arvensis

Hertensia ciliata & H. arizonica Hitella pentandra

Polygonum bistortoides Polygonum douglasii Polygonum viviparum

3 (1)

13

(1) 110 ⁽⁵⁾ 110 (5)

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13 (1)

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120 (8)

10 (3)

11 (0.4)

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120 (6)

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Plots Alninc/MG

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SPECIES I 1 I 1

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···+···+···+···+···

Potenti lla anserina

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Potentilla diversifolia 1 1 1

Potentilla gracilis 3 (1) 1 1

Prunella vulgaris 10 (5) I 1^{20 (6)}

Ranunculus spp. 1 1

Rudbeckia laciniata 10 (5)

l3

(1) 1 (0.4)

RL.IIIeX cri spus*

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saxifraga odontoloma 1

II Uncl

9 1 1

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1 (1)

Senecio eremophilus

l3

(1)

Senecio triangularis 1 ^{3 (2) 1}⁽¹⁾

Sidalcea neomexicana 1

solidago canadensis 1

Solidago gigantea

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Solidago multiradiata 1

Stellaria borealis 1

Taraxacun officinale*

l3

(1)

l3

(1)

Thalictrun fenclleri

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Thalictrum sparsiflorum 1 1

Thalspi arvense*

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Tragopogon-dubius*

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Trifolium longipes

Trifolium pratense*

13

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Trifolium repens*

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Troll ius laxus

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Urtica dioica 1 (0.4)

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Vicia americana (0.4)

1 (0.4)

(1) (1)

1 (1)

Viola sp. ¹(0.4)

Total tree cover 20

Total shrub cover 90 90 70 40

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Tall 90 90 50 40 60

Medium 3 6

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Low 3 50 10

Total graminoid cover 50 90 80 60

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Total forb cover 40 40 50 20

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Ground cover Bare soil 3 10 30 1

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Gravel 1 1

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Rock 1 1 1 1

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Litter 75 80 60 70 30

Wood 10 1 1 30

'

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Moss 3 3 1 3

* Exotic species

99

Appendix I. Tables of canopy cover in vegetation plots.

•

•

Appendix I. Tables of canopy cover in vegetation plots.

•

•

74

f.

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