Vol. 6 • No. 1 • 2012
Published by Umeå University & The Royal Skyttean Society
Umeå 2012
The Journal of Northern Studies is published with support from The Royal Skyttean Society and Umeå University
© The authors and Journal of Northern Studies ISSN 1654-5915
Cover picture
Scandinavia Satellite and sensor: NOAA, AVHRR Level above earth: 840 km
Image supplied by METRIA, a division of Lantmäteriet, Sweden. www.metria.se NOAA®. ©ESA/Eurimage 2001. ©Metria Satellus 2001
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Paper: Invercote Creato 260 gr and Artic volume high white 115 gr Printed by
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Contents / Sommaire / Inhalt
Editors & Editorial board . . . .5 Contributors . . . .7 Articles / Aufsätze
Thomas B. Larsson, Gunhild Rosqvist, Göran Ericsson & Jans Heinerud, Climate Change, Moose and Humans in Northern Sweden 4000 cal. yr BP . . . .9 Elina Apsite, Emma Lundholm & Olof Stjernström, Baltic State Migration System.
The Case of Latvian Immigrants in Sweden . . . .31 Aant Elzinga, Roald Amundsen and his Ambiguous Relationship to Science.
A Look at Outcomes of his Six Expeditions . . . .53
Miscellanea: Notes / Notizen
Lisbeth Lewander (1956–2012) (Aant Elzinga). . . .111 Reviews / Comptes rendus / Besprechungen
Review Essay: Changing Trends in Remembering Amundsen and Scott.
Ross D. E. MacPhee, Race to the End. Amundsen, Scott, and the Attainment of the South Pole, New York: Sterling Publishing Co. 2010; Edward J. Larson, An Empire of Ice.
Scott, Shackleton, and the Heroic Age of Antarctic Science, New Haven & London: Yale University Press 2011; Cornelia Lüdecke, Roald Amundsen. Ein biografisches Porträt, Freiburg–Basel–Wien: Verlag Herder GmbH 2011 (Aant Elzinga). . . 113 Johan Schimanski, Cathrine Theodorsen & Henning Howlid Wærp (eds.), Reiser og ekspedisjoner i det litterære Arktis, Trondheim: Tapir Akademisk
Forlag 2011 (Anne Heith). . . 123 Valery Vasilyev, Arkhaicheskaya toponimiya novgorodskoy zemli. Drevneslavyanskiye deantroponimniye obrazovaniya, Veliky Novgorod 2005 (Konstantin Zhukov) . . . .130 Marit Åhlén, Runstenar i Uppsala län berättar, Uppsala: Upplandsmuseet 2010 (Lars-Erik Edlund) . . . .134 M. H. Brummer, Försök Til et Swenskt Skogs- och Jagt-Lexicon (Skogs- och lantbruks- historiska meddelanden 49. Supplement till Kungl. Skogs- och Lantbruksakad- emiens Tidskrift), Stockholm: Kungl. Skogs- och lantbruksakademien 2010 (Lars-Erik Edlund) . . . .134 Henrik Galberg Jacobsen, Ret og Skrift. Officiel dansk retskrivning 1739–2005, 1.
Direktiver. Aktører. Normer; 2. Ordlister. Kronologi. Bibliografi (Dansk Sprognævns skrifter 42), Odense: Syddansk Universitetsforlag 2010
(Lars-Erik Edlund) . . . .135 Elin Gunleifsen, Attributive uttrykk for prototypisk possessivitet. En komparativ studie av talespråklig variasjon och endring i Kristiansand og Arendal, Oslo: Novus forlag 2010 (Lars-Erik Edlund). . . 136 Odd Einar Haugen & Åslaug Ommundsen (eds.), Vår eldste bok. Skrift, miljø og biletbruk i den norske homilieboka (Bibliotheca Nordica 3), Oslo: Novus Forlag 2010 (Lars-Erik Edlund) . . . .137
Steffen Höder, Sprachausbau im Sprachkontakt. Syntaktischer Wandel im Altschwed- ischen, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter 2010 (Lars-Erik Edlund) . . . .139 Lars Holm, Till bords med biskop Jesper Swedberg. Mat och dryck i Swensk Ordabok (ca 1725). Med belysande utdrag ur samtida handböcker, Skara: Föreningen för Västgötalitteratur 2010 (Lars-Erik Edlund). . . 140 Ann-Marie Ivars, Sydösterbottnisk syntax (Skrifter utg. av Svenska litteratursällska- pet i Finland 743. Studier i nordisk filologi 84), Helsingfors: Svenska litteratursäll- skapet i Finland 2010 (Lars-Erik Edlund). . . 141 Jon Gunnar Jørgensen & Lars S. Vikør (eds.), Nordiskfaget. Tradisjon og fornying, Oslo: Novus Forlag 2010 (Lars-Erik Edlund) . . . .142 Lena Lind Palicki, Normaliserade föräldrar. En undersökning av Försäkringskassans broschyrer 1974–2007 (Örebro Studies in the Swedish Language 6), Örebro: Örebro University 2010 (Lars-Erik Edlund) . . . .143 Maria Löfdahl, Fredrik Skott & Lena Wenner (eds.), Från sjö till hav. Namn- och ordstudier tillägnade Birgit Falck-Kjällquist, Göteborg: Institutet för språk och folkminnen 2010 (Lars-Erik Edlund) . . . .144 Staffan Nyström (ed.), Namn. En spegel av samhället förr och nu
(Ord och stil. Språkvårdssamfundets skrifter 41), Stockholm: Norstedts 2010 (Lars-Erik Edlund) . . . .145 Instructions to Authors. . . .147
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Reviews/Comptes Rendus/BespReChungen
Marit Åhlén, Runstenar i Uppsala län berättar, Uppsala: Upplandsmuseet 2010, ISBN 9789186145125, 121 pp.
The runic inscriptions of Uppland are described in the work Sveriges runin- skrifter [‘Sweden’s runic inscriptions’], vols. 6–9, where they were examined and interpreted by Elias Wessén and Sven B. F. Jansson (1940–1958). Marit Åhlén’s monograph gives the reader an easily comprehensible and updated description of the numerous rune- stones in Uppland. In an introductory chapter the origin of the runes is de- scribed, elements in the language of runic Swedish are accounted for, and a basic insight into the art of reading rune-stones is given. The reader is also given a picture of the geographic distribution of the rune-stones in the province of Uppland: in 90 per cent of the parishes of the province there is at any rate some Viking Age runic inscription, but the largest proportion is naturally found in the districts clos- est to the Lake Mälaren. In one chap- ter the memorial monuments are de- scribed. A special section is devoted to runic inscriptions in memory of wom- en. Åhlén emphasises that it is possi- ble to gain a great deal of knowledge of the cultural landscape of the eleventh century by means of the rune-stones, since they were placed to such a great extent at the communication routes, on borders of different kinds etcetera.
Some toponyms are also found in the inscriptions. In addition the contem- porary history is discernible. One can for example read about people who had made far-reaching journeys, as on the Sjusta stone, which says that Spjallbude had died in Olav’s church in Holmgård (that is Novgorod), or on the stone that is built into the out- side of the apse wall in the church in Gamla Uppsala, where it says that it
was raised by Sigvid Englandsfararen.
One can also read about rune-stones that were moved abroad and some- times remained there and sometimes were brought back. In this connection it may be pointed out that the moved rune-stones are dealt with in a special chapter in the book. Some renowned rune masters are mentioned, such as Balle, Fot, Åsmund and Öpir–Åhlén herself dealt with the last-mentioned in her doctoral thesis in 1997—, and a whole chapter is devoted to the rune- stone ornamentation. Some linguistic aspects are dealt with in a chapter about the personal names and by- names that are found in the inscrip- tions. Important questions such as that concerning the ability to read in Uppland in the Viking Age are touched on more briefly. In the richly illustrated book the author manages in an excellent manner to summarise the research, also for a broader audience.
Lars-Erik Edlund lars-erik.edlund@nord.umu.se
M. H. Brummer, Försök Til et Swenskt Skogs- och Jagt-Lexicon (Skogs- och lant- brukshistoriska meddelanden 49.
Supplement till Kungl. Skogs- och Lant- bruksakademiens Tidskrift), Stock- holm: Kungl. Skogs- och lantbruks- akademien 2010, ISBN 9789185205950;
ISSN 14020386, 159 pp.
Magnus Hendric Brummer’s Försök Til et Swenskt Skogs- och Jagt-Lexicon [‘At- tempt at a Swedish Forest and Hunt- ing Encyclopaedia’] was published for the first time in 1789 and has now been published in a beautiful new edi- tion, where the text of the original has been transferred from the frakture by Rut Kåhrström. When reading the text the reader is struck by how mod- ern the author is in many respects:
journal of northern studies Vol. 6 • no. 1 • 2012, pp. 113–146
there is for example here a notion that human beings’ use of resources must be balanced in order for forests with their richly composed flora and fauna to be able to survive. An illus- trative example is what can be read under the headword Åwerkan [‘Dam- age’]—in which there is a long list of contemporary damage of forests—and Wård, skogens wård [‘Conservation, forest conservation’]. Brummer is also a practically experienced writer, since he was active as a forest super- intendent in Halland. Kerstin Ekman’s introductory essay “Ensam, fattig och flitig” [‘Lonely, poor and industrious’]
provides a personally coloured picture of Brummer. Roger Bergström and Kjell Danell describe the organisation, contents and sources of inspiration of the encyclopaedia. The encyclopaedia itself consists of 122 headwords, 39 of which are about animals and 13 about species of trees. Naturally, more con- cepts are dealt with in the individual, often quite comprehensive articles, for example under the headword Fogel [‘Bird’]. Among many individual items one can note that ljungpipare [‘golden plover, Pluvialis apricaria’] is presented under the headword Ljungspole and järv [‘wolverine, Gulo gulo’] under Viel- fras. The verbs included in Brummer’s encyclopaedia are probably the most interesting items: among other things afdrifwa, anskjuta and hwalwa are found. As mentioned, this encyclopae- dia gives us insights into a period that is certainly two centuries back in time but still felt to be so close to us.
Lars-Erik Edlund lars-erik.edlund@nord.umu.se
Henrik Galberg Jacobsen, Ret og Skrift.
Officiel dansk retskrivning 1739–2005, 1. Direktiver. Aktører. Normer; 2. Ord- lister. Kronologi. Bibliografi (Dansk
Sprognævns skrifter 42), Odense:
Syddansk Universitetsforlag 2010, ISBN 9788776744748; ISSN 04150155, 1202 pp.
In May 2010 this impressive two- volume work was presented as a doc- toral thesis at Syddansk Universitet in Odense. Ret og Skrift constitutes a detailed description of the official Danish orthography and its history, but it also wants to contribute to “an understanding of the societal, po- litical and linguistic factors that have resulted in the official Danish spell- ing” (p. 25). What is focused on is the spelling prescribed by public authori- ties, even if sometimes such private spelling norms are also glimpsed as achieved official recognition later on.
Previous research on orthography is found in various accounts of language history but also for example in some works touching on the area of literacy.
In addition there are earlier spelling dictionaries and works dealing with individual problems, such as the use of small and large initial letters, aa/å and other matters. The first part of the work deals with directives, actors and norms. There is a detailed descrip- tion of norm establishing directives presented during the period and the directives’ relations to one another.
The orthographic frameworks are es- tablished through these frameworks and the actors appear very clearly. Gal- berg Jacobsen starts with Christian VI’s grammar school decree in 1739, and describes Rasmus Rask’s and N. M.
Petersen’s respective orthographies.
He emphasises the so-called Nordic orthographical meeting in Stockholm in 1869, where a group of people met to bring the written Danish and Swed- ish closer to each other. The author also elucidates the work with Dansk Retskrivningsordbog (DRO 1923–46),
