unsound traditions and placets of Mujtahids which were contrary to the "Catholic" faith and to the doctrines of the Imams.
The names of hoth authors are unknown; but the time of the second is fairly defined by his dedication of this work to Sultan 'Abdullah Kutb Shah (of Golcondah, who reigned from a.h. 1020 to 1082);
while the first mentions in a passage quoted on fol. 3v., that his last Shaikh was Mlrza Muhammad Astarabadl, whose lectures he attended between A.n.
1015 and 1020, at Makkah. The same speaks of his studies and of his present task as follows (fol. Iv.):
UfjLf«\ j»Ja*^ L_jLc ^j-J^S! l£j\jJ Sxj ^Ji]
U^jUj! (sic) J-«£ ^ U^JLjIjOj U^iuUa- cuajLu-:^
jvfcic ^JulLll ijui] ^f- il i sc~J>\ ul^|0iW1 c^UsT,
J\ ^jll \&\sJ ^Ul Wjj J=r ^
rU\
'\fAi ^ £cUs>- s\£\ ^ <Uu!l pic l^iuljj
^Jj-aDl cLuOUJl Cjh LAe U^^C lijls-*!
JJLullj <ul*!l <Lsls^ Jj«sl l_-o£ <J ifykuA.1
^aszT^ Axj i J-*^ j \^'jS>-^i Lf8J&\ <tljlf£s»-lH
Sijjll (J L^j jysO c^i^oi (ir ii]L=- ,»
tl^Jj |»^LJl_j JjLdl J-ail IfJ^L* ^jlut
.Jl jjl <—J^l-c IfR-isT, Li-JOWSI The refutation by the second author begins: &a^\
^Jx. ui-vcU! J\ Jyli Jwcj . . . dUsT jju Ij^t- <d!
jolylb i-s£*!1 J J^liM Ijjs *K! ya/cll
He says that he was chiefly offended with the self, conceit and the rude polemics of his predecessor, though he is not willing to follow his bad example, in depreciat¬
ing the real merits of his work. His object, therefore, is only to defend the divines of the later church, such as HUH and others, against his exaggerations and false imputations.
The passages selected for refutation are given at full length, under the heading JU ; and they are followed by the refutation, which is introduced by
Imperfect at the end. A few notes by the author are on the margin.
II. 1 Poll. 28-49. JJ«JI UJ^ S ,jJ\ t^M, the same as no. 437. The author is called in the colo¬
phon, JU>- ^jjjXrfijU^f-*^- ^y*} ^ s ^s ijji.^ > Jamal al-din Abu Mansur Hasan b.
Yusuf, commonly called Ibn al-Mutahhae Hill!
(d. A.n. 726).
This copy was finished on Saturday, 27th Jum. II., 1154 = 24th year of Muhammad Shah. It was sub¬
sequently collated with the original copy.
III. Foil. 50-60. <UL(H <—>\^. A concise
j e. •
vindication of the Shi'ah doctrine on the Imamate, fully styled HijX* j, —If^t. See foradescrip¬
tion of it, Fleischer, Cat. Sen. Lips. 475. The author is not named, but from its being, like the preceding treatise, dedicated toUljaitu—^UaLuJ! &j\jsi~ Igj \s rtt^r1 -IjSilf^l u^>*llj j^ljlU!! t^Li jja«il iLiiiLi . . .
(var. SJ^j\ss-) ^ILLj, it may be concluded that it is also by Hixii.
Some notes.
IV. Foil. 60D.-77. y^jU! i—aAS" <—>VJ. A short treatise on the excellency of 'All, entitled tljJL&\
JjLai o • It was compiled by order of
A
Uljaitu Khudabandah. The author is probably also Ibn Ai-MuTAnnAii Hilli.
Begins: . . . yUI! *Jt*l<1{y>U!l ^jjjill <d!
I Jicill ^UaLJI cJ^ ^ ^he author
divides his subject into the following parts: I. (fol.
cov.) *jy>-j JJ>
<0&utsJ! JJUiJ! j, J_jS! J^ill
aj'j^; II. ajjSjj <niiL^ <)Jiblill JJUiJ! j ; III. (fol. 01) Aijbj i!U^ JU» a! Aulil! (sic) l^loUi J.
This is the principal part. It treats of 'All's virtues and achievements, and is subdivided into two chapters :
i.JWj J^l ^ <L^J! jjuai j <pi mM'
^1LjUuii ^1*0 ^\ JjLaill jjjbj, the latter division being the subject of two ,each of which contains several t,' The second chapter (fol. 67),
1 According to the tablo of contents and to the original pagina¬
tion, one treatise has fallen out hero, viz., <\c\f> ^/~> '-r'l^
.Aj^jtil ilL^j ^j^u^l! jJliJl
t!
124 ARABIC MANUSCRIPTS.
^ pfi*JIL>\J\ JoUin d JU\ (r. t_AJ\) C-^vN , treats of the honours bestowed on 'AH during his lifetime, and contains thirty-seven C^sT 1. Part IV.
(fol. 76c), pfl] J ^ l£}ti^,\j S^\ Wy* JjUi J treats of miracles performed in 'Ali's name after his death.
The author concludes as follows : \ ^x- j coa '^ JjLisM T^^r 'iaa-\ p\j ^yt yli^3i^l \jjk (i^jJill
.
j\ JU"^ ^ Jjii
•
Marginal notes, and Persian interlineations, in red.
The two following pages (77c and 78c) are filled with various poetical extracts, preceded by the story of a joke which Hudhaifah and 'All played off on 'Omar.
It begins: yUgll ^ djyjo- (_jlks'l u \ JJ .
V. Foil. 79-105. ^^fiJl £*li* <_>l^. A concise treatise on the Fundamental Principles of tho Shi'ah Creed, fully entitled ^jJ! d u^AM ■g*^ 1 also by Hilli, who completed it, according to the con¬
clusion, on 6th Eabl' II., 680.
Begins: 'jaA\ <dl Jhje)1 .
The author says in his short preface that the chief object of the present treatise is to prove the existence of God and his attributes. Ho refers to the system of the Scholastics, and to that of the earlier Philoso¬
phers ; he points out the differences between the two sects, and decides, of course, in favour of the Shi'ah.
The work consists of an introduction (<U-«jjL*), on perception, and twelve chapters (^-""*). I. (fol. 79) fjbU <n-ifl" d >on possibility and impossibility, entity and non-entity; II. (fol. 80) tZj\i3j>~y*l\ m~»JG d, on the division of existing things, according to the systems of the Scholastics (into *JJui and lU^Xs'*), and of the Philosophers (into and ^J*****); III.
(fol. 90) cytay>-y»l\ d, on accidents; IV.
(fol. 90c) Jyryi d;
V.(fol. 95) Uj
JUj-
<uL=J-**-*; VI.
(f ol- 96) Ja*!1 VII.
(fol. 98c) JjJI J! Vin.' (fol. IOOp.) <L.U\ J ; IX.
ThoMS.hashere t^jClll instead of .
(fol. 103) jUU J; X. (fol. 103c) JufijHj .Xcjll j;
XI. (fol. 105) ^ICJIj 'UJ1 Jj XII. (fol. 105c)
■J^ ufty uJ^U^II ^
Date, middle of Ramadan, 1154 = 24th year of Mu¬
hammad Shah. The copyist styles himself i^Aji .A^" ^ jjj J_>-J1 >V: Jj^ Jl"
VI. Foil. 106-130. ^\ <_>U£. A Com¬
mentary, by the same author, on a similar work of his, called JjJ J jJaj. Cf. Bibl. Sprenger.
576.
Beginning: li^l U ^^^l-c<dllx*Jl i__LL!l>il£)_j*J Llydl *Tj«» UIa&j Jt-ijWi jj-*- The author says that he composed the first work as an introduction to scholastic theology. But finding it, from its extreme conciseness, too obscure for most readers, he added the present short commentary.
The text and commentary are distinguished by J la and J^. The former begins: d <*&-\ji\ <JJ Jk^Jl
J^iAj j»KSl jjo: d ilLy »<H» AxJj . . .<0'1j jLai^-^_j jUsT^ <Lli <_j ^jLc (j^xaCj^^sj-, and
is divided into seven chapters: I.^kJI ; II. (fol. 108) d; in. (fol. 112) ^3 jJU! tuLJI d
&*>\yi-j IV. (fol. 121c) JaJI J ; V. (fol. 123) ijjJI J j VI. (fol. 125) <uUM J; VII. (fol. 126c)
(J. The author concludes : Jflju^l L*yi-T 1<ifj .^1 j*^! iUjJill J Inelegantly written.
VII. Foil. 131-159. lj^JU^ A copious Commentary on a similar work. Tho title of the latter is not mentioned, but it appears from quotations in the commentary that it is also by HUH.
The name of the commentator is not given. He quotes the opinions of the Mu'tazilites, and Ash'ari;
the Scholastics; the Philosophers, especially Ibn Sina and Tusl; and the doctrines of his own sect, the Imamlyah.
The text and the commentary arc distinguished by J la and J J\ . The work beginB without a preface :
SCHOLASTIC THEOLOGY. 125
si Jy! **-J\ i^wj^ <M ^ ir' ^ U*"**
Jm J 'Tjo»iIb l£fia^\ hi\c iSJjg*
<LU.*uJ!. Very often only the first words of the passages commented on are given (after JIj). The preface of Hill! begins: jJii/*M <JJ ; then follow probably the words JiLiJlj *#>*^ ^ ■ His work is divided into sections (J-ai): I. (fol. 132) cyl«jl*U *M*Jti j>;
II. (fol. 182e.) |»Lj\ J ; III. (ti.) j
; IV. (fol. 133) CJb^U J ; V.
(foi. i42».) <cIa^ ^3 o^-jll "-r°r^ lis VI.
(fol. 145) C^liJ! fl^l J; VII. (fol. 146*.) P <ulx J-rfWj i VIII. (fol. 147) JjjJI J ; IX.
(fol. 148) Jj^l fjji d; X. (fol. 150) SjJ! J;
XI. (fol. 152) aUUM J; XII. (fol. 155i>.) j
^ fcJ^Uj XIII. (»J.) jUI J. This division comes very near to that of no. V.
The commentator concludes with a prayer, which he ascribes to the Prophet, on the authority of Ibn Babawaih. It begins: J-.^,Jl j£s\ ^ b
VIII. Foil. 160-257. mJaJ.\ )o\j* <_>l^. A work on the Imamate of 'AH and his descendants, compiled by an unknown author, a.h. 854. The correct title is
*jjJLsJI ^yLs^ (Jl j».2.r.*4)
The preface begins: ^s. ^LaJ 3 J>^^ *JJ1 JU£ u l£ Uli m Ul . . , *^=rj 't'jTj
.^lyill u-Jjlai^J ^UjUl <uJI <£j/t*J The author says in it that ho compiled this work from both Shl'ah and Sunnitc authorities. It con¬
tains arguments logical and scriptural, traditions, poetry, etc.
In the first introduction he offers a list of works which he quotes from actual inspection—,J <U«3uU
U u~su\ s Ifclfi ejjx. jA\ l-^JI ^ 'ij& Jj AfJI
They are: 1. ^s/Uj^jM i_JUD! C_>W; 2.
ufj!^ 3.( Bic)Lj*iliJ! 0 aK& y^JUall <Uw;
4.
JL-^dJ >L1^ JU11;
5.^jUI £iAJ 'U-s-JI;
6. ^..JJJ ^UJI 7. ^^11 8.
J^.yti Jj&\ ; 9. (sic) «_s^-yj JJ^uAl ! 10. J-Mf*
^^LU ^UJIj li. ^jUJ H-oif". 12.
LS~LrJaiJ -laAaJI; 13. Jl^JujUU '^-^1 uJU;
14. ^jUjcJI ^\&\ 15. (_yjJ-^J u*j^i 16. LS^LJ1 i^^ae^ ^ k—a->*J 17. ^ ufj-iyJl &L1\; 18- ls3!/5^ ^'v 4,;
19. jIjJUI! j-*^; 20. ^iJl (—
^J!; 21. (?) JL!I yj! J*Jj 22. o\Jt.J\
JujUU ; 23. Jl-aJJ ^-U^j ; 24.
J>-*-> (juuLJSl; 25. Jyis.'d] Affi l-u\JlA\ ; 26. yuyjlLU ^3 i—i^il; 27. iiJUi*!! <L1L^ ,^Ju
^jlkill ^3 ; 28. j2\ Ju£ ^ c-i-yJ c_jU^31; 29.
Jjjfl-l! ^3 ^Ua^l; 30. J^^iUi ^^SJ ; 81.
*Jk ^3 JjJ! (-JUm ; 32. wlyf ^Ulj /I JjU.« ^1 JjL»«»; SS.^JJiill j^Larv.; 34. ^^-x
AjyL l^J\ 35. ^ij^^Jt ;
36. ^Ull ^3 jjJIj ^Ij 37. ^1 Lj>\sJJ\
j»-)UJI; 38. X^Ul JjL4.1 ; 39. ^U^l J^l^
il^i ^3; 40. (sic) ^^jU Lf -flEjly^Jl 41■
^3 ^1 'ULi-.l; 42.^Lw jJ\ 43.
^,^3^3! (Sjla^) ; 44.^ Ji l.\J]\ ^If^,;
45. ^ t_g.A..<; 46. ^3 iiJmJl ilL JI
; 47. ^><*1S1J^c ^ JiAJsr4^ i^^v>a^ ; 48. ^j^J (?) 49. <^_j!1j i^JiJl (_,) «U!1 Arl ^ (sic) u-jW lir usIl; 50. i^jUJ ^U^ll; 51.
jlUl ^ J*iJ 3 J*il; 52. (?)^ ^3 UU,31 ^ . The second <i^»jJu« (fol. 161) gives a much longer list of books which the author did not read himself, but which he found quoted by his authorities. The third .L-.JJU (fol. 161v.) gives an epitome of the contents of the work. It is divided into seventeen chapters; their subjects are, as the author states,
1 Variant c^M^lyJ!
126 ARABIC MANUSCRIPTS.
already indicated by the words of the preface. They are: I. <0U*j 1-^-^1 d ; II. (fol. 162) d iljjj ^LJI ^Jl JIL1; III. (fol. 163i>.) CL>Ij\ d ti\Ju> } ; IV. (fol. 166) ti\k* } ^ej\ d I V. (fol. 1G9) Ls*-^] LUl*\Jl\ if ^ j<^> UJ tfUsfLJ; VI. (fol. 171) JtU^ d; VH. (fol. 175)
<d5Ui ^ ,i ; VIII. (fol. 186i«.) <Li Usi Ajj ^ fc^-d ; IX. (fol. 19h>.) ^alll ^ *V
^1<dj-*j^ iAu ; X. (fol. 206».) (jfij-aiM ^ *lsr UJ 2rJ^j] ^Lc i^illi^Jt, subdivided into four t-^lai ; XI.
(fol. 220) ^1 ^'U- j'WU; XII. (fol.227)
£\ <CjlAc5 <ullij (sic) ^ tj tl^n ti 5 XIII.
(fol. 235) fcjj »ja& £1jls^l ; XIV. (fol. 238) J, J
*iiU-» ^ i'j^l c^l^Sl; XV. (fol. 248v.) &usr d
*j*\L>.\ d Imj1\ y J^; XVI.
(fol. 252i>.) ^ ^Sly j y^laJl J ; XVII. (fol.
254t>.) -uL^ ^Jl^i ^ ^Lc cyl^xM Jj J . The author's epilogue concludes with apoem, beginning:
UjIs:'" jjl ^
dlar' ^j-ii-lU. LfJ! j^jlojk The last verse contains the date of the work :
(sic) ^jj}/*-^ JrHj CT* i—>i-Jy i— «<a '»l
<S_!L*£^-|«L««J" JuJ J J (*lj-c^
The numerical value of the four letters marked is 854.
IX. Foil. 258-267. t^pM M^' A treatise in refutation of erroneous opinions entertained regarding the Imamate. The author, who is not mentioned by name, lived in the fifth century.
The preface begins: i^~~*ji>\ l« cl£x*ac- \j\ ^JJ\
d-oJwilj l^Jj\ U! i^JjCjl'jj 'ci-Jaclj. The author relates that a friend of his read a work of Mufid (i.e.
Muhammad b. Muhammad b. al-Nu'man, d. a.h. 413), 1 on the Imamate, called JJLA\ Jj^j JjWI *—i\Jo\, and was particularly struck with its last chapter, which treated briefly of the common errorB regarding the
Imamate, in terms of astonishment (]eks-\ ^ . . W}*f*") JjJ, ^Jjl i^£- t&\ ^ij <UU1!
I»f^»). His friend, therefore, desired him to write, in the same style, a special and detailed treatise on that subject. Accordingly, he gives a series of discussions, all introduced by the words ^S>y\ and subdivided according to the subjects into sections, which are usually inscribed . . d j»$WUl d J-ai • The above title does not occur in the work. The author scarcely quotes any authorities, but he mentions once (fol. 263v.) that he was told by Kadi Abu'l-Hasan Asad b. Ibrahim Sulaml, that he met Ibn al-Nahhas (d. a.h. 376),1at Misr, etc.
X. Foil. 268-282. eyy^l C^ls* 3 <_>li£.
A polemical treatise, in which is proved that it is lawful to curse the Sunnites like unbelievers. It is fully
entitled lA-Jl ^ d CJjiSlI CuU 6.
The author is 'Ali b. 'Abd al-'Ali (Jlxll S+s-, sic), who completed it in Dhu'l-hijjah, 917, at Mashhad (^y (jLc yji&jL\ fUM ttj^l ^Jyj LS^y and dedicated it to (Shah Isma'll) the founder of the Safawl dynasty. Another work of this author is to be found in Cat. Lugd. iv. 116.
Beginning: I—pile u°J^J <-^-'!j.**J\ Jb\i
.^^iliisr Jui\j>\&[^i C/oLc y^jj |»^=^ C^j\ iijl^jlJlj The author praises the now dynasty (iyfcliU! <LljjJl aJ^LJI L*Ut\ U\*>\ iijiJl Laj4Jsu)\ iytU\
Lij~:j\.\ iLi^yuaW <L»aljlJl), and reviles the Omayyades and Abbasides, etc. He then proceeds to say that he had observed that, under the constant oppression to which they were hitherto exposed, many weak Shi'ahs had of late become doubtful as to their right of cursing the Sunnites. He therefore intends to prove, not only from the Koran, but even from their own traditions, that they are liablo to bo cursed.
The work consists of an introduction (<t*iX(u»), on the meaning of cursing, and of seven sections, which contain arguments in Bupport of the above assertion. Five of them refer to passages of the Koran, one to the Sunnah, and the seventh to the Shl'ah (Imamiyah) tradition.
' Soe onhim Tasi Hp sqq. 1 SeeLib.Class.Viror.,ed.Wiistenfeld,xii. 71.