Frihetens kamp mot ondskan. Nationellt meningsskapande i USA efter den 11 september 2001

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(1). . )5,+(7(16.$03 02721'6.$1 - Nationellt meningsskapande i USA efter den 11 september 2001 .MHUVWLQ$QGHUVVRQ. . . . +DQGOHGDUH(ULN2OVVRQ-RVHILQD6VVQHU 'XSSVDWVnU ,651/L8,78)6.$'6( . I nst it ut ionen f ör t emat isk utbildning och forskning. .

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(3) . . . ,QVWLWXWLRQ$YGHOQLQJ Department, Division Institutionen för tematisk utbildning och forskning (ITUF) Samhälls- och kulturanalys. Datum Date 2001-10-25. . 6SUnN. 5DSSRUWW\S. Language Report category x Svenska/Swedish Licentiatavhandling Engelska/English Examensarbete AB-uppsats C-uppsats x. D-uppsats Övrig rapport. ,6%1 ,651 LiU-ITUF/SKA--D--02/23. ,661 . 6HULHWLWHORFK VHULHQXPPHU Title of series, numbering . . . . . 85/I|UHOHNWURQLVNYHUVLRQ www.ep.liu.se/exjobb/ituf 7LWHO Title. )ULKHWHQV NDPS PRW 2QGVNDQ 1DWLRQHOOW PHQLQJVVNDSDQGH L 86$HIWHUGHQVHSWHPEHU Freedoms fight against Evil. Creating meaning in USA after September 11th 2001. )|UIDWWDUH Author. .MHUVWLQ$QGHUVVRQ. .

(4) . . 6DPPDQIDWWQLQJ Abstract This is a paper about the process of creating meaning in speeches held by president Bush after the terrorist attacks on September 11th 2001. People need tools to orient and understand the surrounding world. They need to create a meaningful orientation in a chaotic world. Some meaning is favoured due to the prevailing social structures. Thru language discourses are produced that helps us understand how the world is constructed. The national state is a discourse that make the world understandable. The discourse create a natural perception of the world as divided into nations. A JUDQG QDUUDWLYH is a story that explain incomprehensive occurrences in society. In times of war these stories become crucial. It is necessary to demonise the enemy to legitimise ones actions. In the US a myth of origin is built around the concept of Manifest Destiny. The myth constitutes that the nation has a unique mission from God to save the rest of the world. In the story retelling the events of September 11th president Bush presents a solution to the problem of terrorists threatening to divide the nation. The nation is constantly on the brink of falling apart. The solution is unity. President Bush recreate the story of USA and the terrorist attacks in a meaningful way, and portrays the nation as a natural entity. The enemy is the evil force that unites the nation.. 1\FNHORUG Keyword. QDWLRQGLVNXUDQDO\VUHWRULNDQDO\V86$WHUURULVP VHSWHPEHU0DQLIHVW'HVWLQ\JUDQGQDUUDWLYH. . .

(5) . . Upphovsrätt Detta dokument hålls tillgängligt på Internet – eller dess framtida ersättare – under en längre tid från publiceringsdatum under förutsättning att inga extraordinära omständigheter uppstår. Tillgång till dokumentet innebär tillstånd för var och en att läsa, ladda ner, skriva ut enstaka kopior för enskilt bruk och att använda det oförändrat för ickekommersiell forskning och för undervisning. Överföring av upphovsrätten vid en senare tidpunkt kan inte upphäva detta tillstånd. All annan användning av dokumentet kräver upphovsmannens medgivande. För att garantera äktheten, säkerheten och tillgängligheten finns det lösningar av teknisk och administrativ art. Upphovsmannens ideella rätt innefattar rätt att bli nämnd som upphovsman i den omfattning som god sed kräver vid användning av dokumentet på ovan beskrivna sätt samt skydd mot att dokumentet ändras eller presenteras i sådan form eller i sådant sammanhang som är kränkande för upphovsmannens litterära eller konstnärliga anseende eller egenart. För ytterligare information om Linköping University Electronic Press se förlagets hemsida http://www.ep.liu.se/ . .

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(7) . . ,QQHKnOO. Inledning Frågeställning och syfte. Metod Att analysera meningsskapande processer. 4. 6 6. Diskursanalys. 11. Att analysera retoriska texter. 16. Forskarrollen. 19. Sammanfattning. 21. Teoretiska utgångspunkter. 23. Stat, nation, nationalstat. 23. Nationell diskurs och nationell identitet. 26. Ett nationellt vi. 28. Den nationella berättelsen. 32. Nationella behov av stereotyper och fiendebilder. 35. Sammanfattning. 39. Den nationella berättelsen efter 11 september 2001. . 1. 41. Fyra tal till nationen. 41. Statement by the President in His Address. 44. President Declares Freedom at War with Fear. 46. Presidential Address to the Nation. 52. The President’s State of the Union Address. 54. En amerikansk ursprungsmyt. 57.

(8) . Frihetens kamp mot Ondskan. 62. Myten om hjälten. 64. Fienden. 68. Goda och onda krig. 72. Nationella begreppsmetaforer. 74. Sammanfattning och konklusion. 76. Avslutande diskussion. 78. Referenser. 84. Litteratur. 84. Elektroniska källor och press. 87. . .

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