EURAMET e.V.
EURAMET e.V.
European Association of National Metrology Institutes
Development of European Metrology
Development of European Metrology
Luc ERARD, LNE (FR)
Luc ERARD, LNE (FR)
Leslie PENDRILL, EURAMET Chairperson
Leslie PENDRILL, EURAMET Chairperson
Regional metrology organisations
Secondary calibration lab
Check standards
Working standards
Uncertainty
National Metrology institute
European Association of National Metrology Institutes
European Association of National Metrology Institutes
Traceability means measurements can be
compared
:
•
Under both repeatability and reproducibility
•
Even different measurement quantities
This gives processes and products which have :
•
Interoperability
•
Improved communication
•
Can be traded, are safe and lie within specifications
Metrology and Measurement
Physics & the SI
Physics & the SI
Traditional areas of industry
- becoming more complex
- requiring broader measurement ranges
and lower uncertainties
New areas of technology
e.g. nano technology or biotechnology
‑
Areas in which of metrology is increasingly recognised
e.g. chemistry, clinical analysis, food safety
Growing demand
for Metrology
NMI budgets limited
?
Metrology ‘dilemma’
Application
Measurement
Quantity
Development
methodology
Extended ranges
Dynamic measurement
Multivariate, sensor fusion
…
P
ho
to
m
et
ry
&
ra
di
om
et
ry
E
le
ct
ric
ity
&
M
ag
ne
tis
m
Fl
ow
Io
ni
si
ng
ra
di
at
io
n
M
ec
ha
ni
cs
Ti
m
e
&
fre
qu
en
cy
Fo
od
, a
gric
ultu
re
,
bio
te
ch
no
log
y
En
vir
on
m
en
t
N
an
o/-m
ate
ria
l
En
erg
y
IC
T
H
ea
lth
Tra
ns
po
rt
Higher accuracy
Coordinates cooperation of National Metrology in Europe:
A) Traceability of measurements to SI
B) International recognition:
• National measurement standards
• Calibration and Measurement Capabilities (CMC) of members
C) Knowledge exchange & infrastructual support
D) Policy support
E) Research in metrology
(New) measurement
knowledge
(etalons, methods,
uncertainty,…)
Critical factors for success in innovation & trade
Testing &
Calibration
Society & Industry
Metrology
knowledge
transfer
Measurement R
& I
0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1 . 2 - 1 - 0 . 8 - 0 . 6 - 0 . 4 - 0 . 2 0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 ω δ |H | (iω ) k 3=∞ k 3= 1 k 3= 1 / 2 k 3= 1 / 3 k 3= 1 / 4 k 3= 1 / 5 k3= 1 / 1 0 k 3= 1 / 1 0 0
Policy-informed
Metrology
100+ organisations (NMI, DI)
• employ about 4000 persons
• circa 2000 persons work on R&D activities
• spending about 200 M€ per year (50% of total
budget) on R&D activities
EURAMET new members:
IMBiH, Bosnia/Herzegovina
BoM, Macedonia (FYR)
MBM, Montenegro
Membership
Grand Challenges
• Health
• Energy
• Environment
• New technologies for nanosciences and security
R&D for fundamental and applied metrology
• Fundamental metrology
• Focused single discipline and Applied metrology
Mobility, Capacity Building, KE
www.euramet.org
European Metrology Research (EMRP)
European Metrology Research (EMRP)
R & D
iMERA (ERA-NET)
iMERA (ERA-NET)
EMRP A-169
EMRP A-169
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2005
6
thFP
7
7
ththFP
FP
iMERA Plus (ERA-NET +)
iMERA Plus (ERA-NET +)
400 M€
at the point
to launch
over 7 years
65 M€
In progress
R & D
R & D
Targeted Programme 1:
New definition of SI units
- Quantum Effects
- Fundamental Constants
The watt balance
route towards a new
definition of the
kilogram
Avogadro and molar
Planck constants for
the redefinition of the
kilogram
Optical clocks for a
new definition of the
second
Determination of the
Boltzmann constant for
the redefinition of the
Kelvin
Foundations for a
redefinition of the
Ampere
Towards quantum
based photon
standards
kg
A
K
s
cd
R & D
R & D
4
4
th
th
Boltzmann workshop, INRIM 2009
Boltzmann workshop, INRIM 2009
Temperature: New definition of the kelvin
Metrology for temperature
- Extended temperature scale
- Calibration of « thermometers »
- Comparison of sensors
→ iMERA-Plus project Boltzmann constant
Fundamental physics/metrology
-Acoustic gas thermometry
-Doppler broadening technique
- Dielectric Constant Gas
Thermometry
χ
R & D
Recent development of the achieved and envisaged
Recent development of the achieved and envisaged
relative uncertainties
relative uncertainties
∆
∆
k/
k
/
k
k
Method
2
ndWS
2006
4
rdWS
2009
expectation
2010
Institute
AGT (QSCR)
> 20 ppm
3 ppm
1 ppm
CEM, INRIM, LNE,
NPL
RIGT (QSCR
)
300 ppm
9 ppm
5 ppm
NIST
DCGT
15 ppm
-
5 ppm
PTB
JNT
-
25 ppm
6 ppm
NIST
DBT
200 ppm
44 ppm
10 ppm
DFM,
Univ. Paris North,
Univ. Naples and Milan
Only
one
method with low
Single electronics
h
e
2h
2 e
f
e f
QHE
SET
Josephson
V
I
R
• Fundamental metrology
Quantum metrology triangle and other
consistency checks
• Applied metrology
Calibration of electrometers for
dosimetry…
Calibration of capacitors
→ iMERA-Plus project REUNIAM
R & D
Quantum standards: Graphene
The results on QHE with epitaxial graphene
at NPL
(Tzalenchuk et al. 2009)
increase the
prospects in
various fields
and of course in metrology
• Replacement of µ-electronics
based on Si
(post CMOS)
• Fundamental physics
(test of
QED effects, collective excitations,
theory of 2D metals …)
• Surface Chemistry
(chemicaly
induced changes of properties,
functionalization …)
• Nanomechanics/thermics
Electrical metrology
- QHR standard
- Extended quantum resistance scale
(QHARS)
- AC QHE
- New SET devices
« Easier » use of
QHE for NMIs and
industrial calibration
centers
R & D
Targeted Programme 2:
Metrology for Health
More reliable and efficient
exploitation of diagnostics and
therpeutic methods
Breath analysis as a
diagnostic tool for
early disease
detection
Metrology on a
cellular scale for
regenerative
medicine
Traceable measurements for
biospecies and ion activity in
clinical chemistry
External Beam Cancer
Therapy
Increasing cancer
treatment efficacy
using 3D
brachytherapy
Traceability of Complex
Biomolecules and Biomarkers
in Diagnostics - Effecting
Measurement Comparability in
Clinical Medicine
R & D
R & D
R & D
Characterization of
energy gases
Enable users of different gaseous fuel types to make informed commercial, environmental and safety decisions based on comparable measurements of the energy content, carbon content, moisture content and physical/chemical properties of the fuels.Energy harvesting
Develop metrological methods for the assessment and improvement of integrated micro-/nano-generator systems.Liquefied
Natural
Gas
Develop new and improved measurement techniques for Liquefied Natural Gas transfer, to support a more diversified and secure energy supply for Europe, and fair and open trade in natural gas.Smart
electrical
grids
Develop a metrological capability and infrastructure to support successful implementation of a Smart Grid in Europe, enabling low losses, security of electricity supply, grid stability and fair trade between commercialparties using the grid.
Solid-state lighting
Improve metrology for novel light sources (including optical, thermal, electrical and visual perception measurements) to support a consumer-led market increasing the uptake of these energy efficient light sources and meeting EU targets.Improved
power
plant efficiency
Improve power plant efficiency through the development of reliable and accurate in-situ temperature, thermophysical, mechanical properties, flow rate measurements and electrical power output of generating plants.High-voltage DC
Provide metrology support to ensure accurate loss measurement in HVDC stations, and fair trade between commercial parties employing the electricity grid.New generation of
nuclear
power
plants
Advance measurement capability to enable improved nuclear power plants including temperature, thermal properties, interaction cross sections, half-life of nuclides, absolute activation, thermo-chemical data and modelling and radiochemical analysis.
