Supplementary material – input data

(1)

Supplementary material – input data

Energy

carrier/process, denotation in dataset

Parameter Value Unit Source

Diesel, COD1 LHV 43.1 MJ/kg JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 1_Oil and Gas*

Combustion 73.2 g CO₂e/MJdiesel JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 1_Oil and Gas*

WTT emissions 17.46 g CO₂e/MJdiesel JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 1_Oil and Gas*

CD2 Conditioning & Distribution

Barge, 1200t 20% % JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 1_Oil and Gas*

Pipeline 60% % JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 1_Oil and Gas*

Pipeline: Electricity, MV

0.0002 MJ/MJdiesel JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 1_Oil and Gas*

Rail 20% % JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 1_Oil and Gas*

Rail - Distance 250 km JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 1_Oil and Gas* T2 Rail: Electricity, MV 21 MJ/t.km JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 1_Oil and Gas*

LF1 Liquid fuel depot,

electricity LV

LF3 Liquid fuel dispensing at retail site, electricity LV

Hydrogen electrolysis, EMELx/CHx

LHV 120.0 MJ/kg JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 9_Electrolysis*

YH1

Hydrogen via electrolysis (efficiency)

1.538 MJel/MJH₂ JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 9_Electrolysis*

HC4d

Hydrogen compression, 30 to 880 bar, LV

HL1

Hydrogen liquefaction, HV

HC1 Hydrogen pipeline 55 km JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 9_Electrolysis*

HL4

Liquid hydrogen road transport: Distance

300 km JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 9_Electrolysis*

Payload/tankmass 0.1273 tload/ttank mass JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 9_Electrolysis*

HL5

Liquid hydrogen dispensing (cry-compression),LV

Hydrogen steam reforming, GMCH1

NG production, total emissions

(2)

NG long distance transport pipeline, total emissions

5.69 g CO₂e/MJH₂ JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

NG distribution HP/LP, total emissions

Total CO₂e - Steam reforming at retail site

Molar mass NG 17.47 g/mol JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal* Carbon content NG

%,m

71% % JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

LHV Natural gas 46.26 MJ/kg JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

GG1

NG extraction & processing: Energy as NG

0.024 MJ/MJNG JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

CH₄ losses 0.080 g/MJNG JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

GG2/19

Energy as NG to GT, NG long-distance pipeline

0.31 MJ/MJNG JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

CH₄ emissions (losses)

0.061 g/MJNG JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

Distance 1900 km JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

Compressor specific energy

0.3 MJ/t.km JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

GG3 Other CH₄ emissions 0.0042 g/MJNG JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

Compressor specific energy

0.269 MJ/t.km JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

GT efficiency 31% % JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

Distance 500 km JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

GH1 NG compression (1,6

Mpa), LV

0.0059 MJel/MJNG JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

GH2a Electricity, LV - Steam reforming

0.016 MJel/MJH₂ JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

NG 1.44 MJ/MJH₂ JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

CH₄ emissions (losses)

0.021 g/MJH₂ JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

HC4a Hydrogen

compression, 15 to 880 bar, LV

0.092 MJel/MJH₂ JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

Hydrogen losses 2% % JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 8_H2_Thermal*

HVO, XXHY LHV 44 MJ/kg JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

Density 780 kg/m³ JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

ROHY1b Cultivation 44.72 g CO₂e/MJHVO JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

(3)

Long distance transport

0.44 g CO₂e/MJHVO JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

Oil production -7.96 g CO₂e/MJHVO JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

Of which credit for meal

-12.14 g CO₂e/MJHVO JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

HY1b HVO yield 1.10 MJ/MJoil JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

Hydrogen 0.11 MJ/MJHVO JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

Electricity, MV 0.005 MJ/MJHVO JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

Steam 0.013 MJ/MJHVO JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

Heavy fuel oil (HFO) 0.013 MJ/MJHVO JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

F2 Heavy fuel oil (HFO)

emissions

6.65 g CO₂e/MJHFO JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

HY2 HVO transport,

Distance

150 km JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

LF1 Liquid fuel depot,

electricity MV

0.00084 MJ/MJfuel JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

LF2 Liquid fuel local

distribution, Distance

LF3 Dispensing at retail site, electricity LV

0.0034 MJ/MJfuel JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

T1 Road truck, 40t:

Diesel

0.26 MJ/t.km JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

CH₄ emissions 0.00041 g/t.km JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel* N₂O emissions 0.0027 g/t.km JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

RME, ROFA1-5 LHV 26.98 MJ/kg JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

RO1 Rapeseed cultivation:

Diesel

0.039 MJ/MJrapeseed JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

RO2 Rapeseed drying:

Diesel

0.0062 MJ/MJrapeseed JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

Electricity LV 0.0030 MJ/MJrapeseed JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

RO3 Transport to market,

distance (T1)

Losses 1% % JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

RO4 Raw oil production:

yield

0.63 MJraw oil/MJseed JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

RO4a Meal export:

Electricity MV

0.0097 MJ/MJraw oil JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

Meal yield 0.036 kgmeal/MJraw oil JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

RO5 Oil refining: yield 0.976 MJoil/MJraw oil JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

Electricity MV 0.00093 MJ/MJoil JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 4_Biodiesel*

CNG, GMCG1 LHV 46.3 MJ/kg JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 1_Oil and Gas*

(4)

Total GHG WTT 11.43 g CO₂e/MJCNG JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 1_Oil and Gas*

GG5 Compression and

CNG dispensing at retail site

Electricity, LV 0.022 MJ/MJNG JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 1_Oil and Gas*

CH₄ emissions 0.0001 g/MJNG JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 1_Oil and Gas*

Ethanol, CRET2a LHV, ethanol 26.8 MJ/kg JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol* LHV, corn (dry

matter)

17.3 MJ/kg JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

CR4 Ethanol yield 0.608 MJ/MJcorn JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

CR1 Cultivation 36.03 g CO2e/MJethanol JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

CR2 Grain drying, el. LV 0.0015 MJ/MJgrain JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

Grain drying, diesel 0.0089 MJ/MJgrain JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

Grain drying, NG 0.0089 MJ/MJgrain JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

Storage and handling, el. LV

0.00039 MJ/MJgrain JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

Losses 0.8% % JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

T1 Grain transport 100 km JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

CR4 Heat to process, CHP 0.330 MJ/MJethanol JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

CR4 Electricity to process, CHP

0.036 MJ/MJethanol JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

NG consumption, CHP

2.387 MJ/MJheat JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

CH₄ emissions 0.010 g/MJheat JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

N₂O emissions 0.002 g/MJheat JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

CO₂ credit for DDGS -12.54 g CO₂e/MJethanol JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

Electricity surplus from CHP

T1 Ethanol transport 305 km JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

Liquid fuel depot, electricity MV

T1 Local transport 150 km JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

Dispensing at retail site, electricity LV

ED95 Polyethylene glycol (PEG)

5.192 g CO2e/MJ JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

MTBE 0.444 g CO2e/MJ JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol*

i-butanol 0.159 g CO2e/MJ JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol* Lubricants 0.406 g CO2e/MJ JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 3_Ethanol* Bio-CNG (AD),

OWCG1

(5)

Electricity to process, LV

0.029 MJ/MJraw gas JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 2_CBM*

Heat to process 0.098 MJ/MJraw gas JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 2_CBM*

Internal heat generation from raw gas

Efficiency 90% JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 2_CBM*

CH₄ emissions 0.0056 g/MJheat JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 2_CBM*

N₂O emissions 0.0011 g/MJheat JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 2_CBM*

BG4.1 Upgraded gas yield 0.97 MJ/MJraw gas JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 2_CBM*

Electricity to uppgrading, LV

0.03 MJ/MJbiogas JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 2_CBM*

Bio-CNG (TG) Biomethane yield 0.625 MJ/MJwood Börjesson, P., Lantz, M., Andersson, J., Björnsson, L.,

Möller, B.F., Fröberg, M., Hanarp, P., Hulteberg, C., Iverfeldt, E., Lundgren, J., Röj, A., Svensson, H., Zinn, E., 2016. Methane as vehicle fuel – a well to wheel analysis (METDRIV) (No. 2016:06). f3 The Swedish Knowledge Centre for Renewable Transportation Fuels. Electricity, net

production, LV

0.04 MJ/MJCBG

Heat, net production 0.05 MJ/MJCBG

GHG emissions 17.12 g CO₂e/MJCBG

FT diesel, HFT1 LHV 44.0 MJ/kgFT diesel JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 2_synfuels*

Hydrogen to process 1.50 MJ/MJFT diesel JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 2_synfuels*

Electricity to process, LV

0.05 MJ/MJFT diesel JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 2_synfuels*

Steam surplus 0.33 MJ/MJFT diesel JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 2_synfuels*

CO₂ emissions 23.9 g/MJFT diesel JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 2_synfuels*

CH₄ emissions 0.00022 g/MJFT diesel JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 2_synfuels*

N₂O emissions 0.00025 g/MJFT diesel JEC_WTTv5_ Appendix 1_Pathways 2_synfuels*

SNG Energy conversion

efficiency

0.80 LHV H₂ to LHV SNG Hänggi, S. , Elbert, P., Bütler, T., Cabalzar, U., Teske, S., Bach, C., Onder, C., 2019. A review of synthetic fuels for passenger vehicles, Energy Reports, 5, 555–569 LHV 47.14 MJ/kg Boundy, R.G., Diegel, S.W., Wright, L., Davis, S.C., 2011.

Biomass Energy Data Book, Ed. 4

*Appended datasheet from: Prussi, M., Yugo, M., De Prada, L., Padella, M., Edwards, R., 2020. JEC Wheels report v5: Well-to-Wheels analysis of future automotive fuels and powertrains in the European context (No. EUR 30284 EN), JRC Technical reports. JRC.