In pursuit of consumer-accessible augmented virtuality

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(1)DEGREE PROJECT IN COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, SECOND CYCLE, 30 CREDITS STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN 2017. In pursuit of consumeraccessible augmented virtuality RASMUS BERGGRÉN. KTH ROYAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND COMMUNICATION.

(2) In pursuit of consumer-accessible augmented virtuality Rasmus Berggrén (rberggre@kth.se) Swedish title: En strävan efter konsumenttillgänglig augmented virtuality Supervisor: Rebekah Cupitt (rebekah@kth.se) Examiner: Henrik Artman (artman@kth.se) Course: Degree Project in Computer Science and Communication, Second Cycle (DA222X, 30 credits) Degree: Master of Science in Engineering in Media Technology Programme: Degree Programme in Media Technology (CMETE, 300 credits) Master's programme (subset of programme): Master's Programme, Media Technology (TMETM, 120 credits) Master's programme specialisation: Track, Interactive Media Technology (METB) School of Computer Science and Communication KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm, Sweden 2017-06-20.

(3) ABSTRACT This project is an examination of the possibility of using existing software to develop Virtual Reality (VR) software that includes key aspects of objects in a user’s surroundings into a virtual environment, producing Augmented Virtuality (AV). A defining limitation is the requirement that the software be consumer-accessible, meaning it needs run on a common smartphone with no additional equipment. Two related AV concepts were considered: shape reconstruction and positional tracking. Two categories of techniques were considered for taking the measurements of reality necessary to achieve those AV concepts using only a monocular RGB camera as sensor: monocular visual SLAM (mvSLAM) and Structure from Motion (SfM). Two lists of requirements were constructed, formalising the notions of AV and consumeraccessibility. A search process was then conducted, where existing software packages were evaluated for their suitability to be included in a piece of software fulfilling all requirements. The evaluations of SfM systems were made in combination with Multi-View Stereo (MVS) systems – a necessary complement for achieving visible shape reconstruction using a system that outputs point clouds. After thoroughly evaluating a variety of software, it was concluded that consumer-accessible AV can not currently be achieved by combining existing packages, due to several issues. While future hardware performance increases and new software implementations would solve complexity and availability issues, some inaccuracy and usability issues are inherent to the limitation of using a monocular camera.. SAMMANFATTNING Detta projekt är en undersökning av möjligheten att använda befintlig programvara till att utveckla Virtual Reality (VR)-programvara som infogar framstående aspekter av objekt från en användares omgivning in i en virtuell miljö och därmed skapar Augmented Virtuality (AV). En definierande begränsning är kravet på att programvaran skall vara konsumenttillgänglig, vilket innebär att den behöver kunna köras på en vanlig smartphone utan extra utrustning. Två besläktade AV-koncept beaktades: formrekonstruktion och positionsspårning. Två kategorier av tekniker togs i beaktande, vilka kunde användas för att göra de uppmätningar av verkligheten som var nödvändiga för att uppnå de tänkta AV-koncepten med hjälp av endast en monokulär RGB-kamera som sensor: monocular visual SLAM (mvSLAM) och Structure from Motion (SfM). Två listor med kriterier konstruerades, vilka formaliserade begreppen AV och konsumenttillgänglighet. En sökprocess utfördes sedan, där befintliga programvarupaket utvärderades för sin lämplighet att inkluderas i en programvara som uppfyllde alla kriterier. Utvärderingarna av SfM-system gjordes i kombination med Multi-View Stereo (MVS)-system – ett nödvändigt komplement för att uppnå synlig formrekonstruktion med ett system vars utdata är punktmoln. Efter att noggrant ha utvärderat en mängd programvara var slutsatsen att konsumenttillgänglig AV inte för närvarande kan uppnås genom att kombinera befintliga programvarupaket, på grund av ett antal olika problem. Medan framtida prestandaökningar hos maskinvara och nya programvarutillämpningar skulle lösa problem med komplexitet och tillgänglighet, är vissa problem med tillförlitlighet och användbarhet inneboende hos begränsningen till att använda en monokulär kamera..

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