SVENSK STANDARD SS-EN ISO :2014

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SVENSK STANDARD

Fastställd/Approved: 2014-05-12 Publicerad/Published: 2014-05-14 Utgåva/Edition: 1

Språk/Language: engelska/English ICS: 27.190; 75.160.10

SS-EN ISO 17225-5:2014

Fasta biobränslen – Specifikationer och klassificering – Del 5: Brännved (ISO 17225-5:2014)

Solid biofuels – Fuel specifications and classes – Part 5: Graded firewood (ISO 17225-5:2014)

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© Copyright SIS, Swedish Standards Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. All rights reserved. The use of this product is governed by the end-user licence for this product. You will find the licence in the end of this document.

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Standarder kan beställas hos SIS Förlag AB som även lämnar allmänna upplysningar om svensk och utländsk standard.

Information about the content of the standard is available from the Swedish Standards Institute (SIS), telephone +46 8 555 520 00. Standards may be ordered from SIS Förlag AB, who can also provide general information about Swedish and foreign standards.

Europastandarden EN ISO 17225-5:2014 gäller som svensk standard. Detta dokument innehåller den officiella engelska versionen av EN ISO 17225-5:2014.

Denna standard ersätter SS-EN 14961-5:2011, utgåva 1.

The European Standard EN ISO 17225-5:2014 has the status of a Swedish Standard. This document contains the official version of EN ISO 17225-5:2014.

This standard supersedes the Swedish Standard SS-EN 14961-5:2011, edition 1.

Denna standard är framtagen av kommittén för Fasta bränslen, SIS / TK 412.

Har du synpunkter på innehållet i den här standarden, vill du delta i ett kommande revideringsarbete eller vara med och ta fram andra standarder inom området? Gå in på www.sis.se - där hittar du mer information.

Förhållandet till övriga delar under samma huvudtitel - Utdrag ur Förord i ISO 17225-5:2014/

Relations to other parts under the same general title - Extract from the Foreword of ISO 17225-5:2014

ISO 17225 consists of the following parts, under the general title Solid biofuels — Fuel specifications and classes:

- Part 1: General requirements - Part 2: Graded wood pellets - Part 3: Graded wood briquettes - Part 4: Graded wood chips - Part 5: Graded firewood

- Part 6: Graded non-woody pellets - Part 7: Graded non-woody briquettes

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EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM

EN ISO 17225-5

May 2014

ICS 27.190; 75.160.10 Supersedes EN 14961-5:2011

English Version

Solid biofuels - Fuel specifications and classes - Part 5: Graded firewood (ISO 17225-5:2014)

Biocombustibles solides - Classes et spécifications des combustibles - Partie 5: Classes de bois de chauffage (ISO

17225-5:2014)

Feste Biobrennstoffe - Brennstoffspezifikationen und - klassen - Teil 5: Einteilung von Stückholz (ISO 17225-

5:2014)

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 March 2014.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,

Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION C O M I T É E U R O P É E N D E N O R M A L I S A T I O N E U R O P Ä I S C H E S K O M I T E E F Ü R N O R M U N G

CEN-CENELECManagement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

Ref. No. EN ISO 17225-5:2014 E

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iii

Foreword

This document (EN ISO 17225-5:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 238 “Solid biofuels” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels” the secretariat of which is held by SIS.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2014.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document supersedes EN 14961-5:2011.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

Endorsement notice

The text of ISO 17225-5:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 17225-5:2014 without any modification.

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Introduction

The objective of the ISO 17225 series is to provide unambiguous and clear classification principles for solid biofuels; to serve as a tool to enable efficient trading of biofuels; to enable good understanding between seller and buyer as well as a tool for communication with equipment manufacturers. It will also facilitate authority permission procedures and reporting.

This part of ISO 17225 supports the use of graded firewood for residential, small commercial and public building applications.

The residential, small commercial and public building applications require higher quality fuel for the following reasons:

• Small-scale equipment does not usually have advanced controls and flue gas cleaning

• Appliances are not generally managed by professional heating engineers

• Appliances are often located in residential and populated districts

NOTE 1 Firewood produced according to this part of ISO 17225 may be used in stoves, fireplaces, cookers, roomheaters and multifired sauna stoves, which are tested according to European standards EN 13229^[1], EN 12815^[2], EN 12809^[3], EN 13240^[4], EN 15250^[5] and EN 15821^[6], and boilers systems tested according to EN 303–5^[7].

NOTE 2 For individual contracts ISO 17225-1 can be used.

Although these product standards may be obtained separately, they require a general understanding of the standards based on and supporting ISO 17225-1. It is recommended to obtain and use ISO 17225-1 in conjunction with these standards.

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Solid biofuels — Fuel specifications and classes — Part 5:

Graded firewood

1 Scope

This part of ISO 17225 determines the fuel quality classes and specifications of graded firewood. This part of ISO 17225 covers only firewood produced from the following raw materials (see ISO 17225-1, Table 1):

• 1.1.1 Whole trees without roots

• 1.1.3 Stem wood

• 1.1.4 Logging residues (thick branches, tops etc.)

• 1.2.1 Chemically untreated wood residues

2 Normative references

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 16559, Solid biofuels — Terminology, definitions and descriptions¹⁾

ISO 17225-1, Solid biofuels — Fuel specifications and classes — Part 1: General requirements

ISO 18134-1, Solid biofuels — Determination of moisture content — Oven dry method — Part 1: Total moisture — Reference method²⁾

ISO 18134-2, Solid biofuels — Determination of moisture content — Oven dry method — Part 2: Total moisture - Simplified method³⁾

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16559 and the following apply.

3.1firewood

cut and split oven-ready fuelwood used in household wood burning appliances like stoves, fireplaces and central heating systems

Note 1 to entry: Firewood usually has a uniform length, typically in the range of 15 cm to 100 cm.

1) To be published.

2) To be published.

3) To be published.

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3.2commercial application

facility that utilize solid biofuel burning appliances or equipment that have similar fuel requirements as residential appliances

Note 1 to entry: Commercial applications should not be confused with industrial applications, which can utilize a much wider array of materials and have vastly different fuel requirements.

4 Symbols and abbreviated terms

The symbols and abbreviated terms used in this part of ISO 17225 comply with the SI system of units as far as possible.

d dry (dry basis) ar as received w-% weight-percentage

D Designation for diameter (D) as received [mm]

E Designation for energy density as received, E_ar [MJ/m³ or kWh/m³ loose or stacked volume or MJ/kg, kWh/kg]

L Designation for length (L) as received [cm]

M Designation for moisture content as received on wet basis, Mar [w-%]

U Designation for moisture content on dry basis, Ud,[w-%]

Q Designation for net calorific value as received, qp,net,ar [MJ/kg or kWh/kg or MWh/t] at constant pres- sure

NOTE 1 1 MJ/kg equals 0,2778 kWh/kg (1 kWh/kg equals 1 MWh/t and 1 MWh/t is 3,6 MJ/kg). 1 g/cm³ equals 1 kg/dm³.

NOTE 2 Designation symbols are used in combination with a number to specify property levels in Table 1.

5 Specification of graded firewood

Specification of the firewood is stated in accordance with Table 1 and Figure 1. The determination of the properties shall be carried out in accordance with the methods mentioned in the normative references.

Ash, N, S, Cl and minor elements are not required as firewood is produced from virgin material which has been grown in uncontaminated soil and therefore the likelihood of contamination is very low.

Firewood specified according to classes A1 and A2 are suitable to be used in stoves and fireplaces and class B in log wood boilers.

How to state the dimensions of firewood is expressed in Figure 1.

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Key

D maximum diameter L maximum length

Figure 1 — Dimensions of firewood

NOTE Firewood amounts are given in cubic metres or in kilograms. A cubic metre of stacked wood means a stack of wood that occupies a space of one cubic metre. A cubic metre of loose wood is equal to a box one cubic metre in size into which the split logs are “thrown”. This is also referred to as an “unstacked cubic metre”.

Naturally, the conversion rates between the volumes will be affected by the size of the logs and how they are arranged. Comparison of different cubic meters is shown in informative Annex B.

If the properties being specified are sufficiently known through information about the origin and handling (or preparation method combined with experience) then analysis may not be needed.

To ensure resources are used appropriately and the declaration is accurate, use the most appropriate measure below:

1) using previous measured values or obtained by experience of same raw material;

2) calculation of properties, e.g. by using typical values and considering generally accepted and documented specific values;

3) carrying out of analysis:

a) with simplified methods if available;

b) with reference methods.

The responsibility of the producer or supplier to provide correct and accurate information is exactly the same whether laboratory analysis is performed or not. Typical values do not release the producer or supplier from providing accurate and reliable information.

Chemical treatment before harvesting of biomass does not need to be stated. Where any operator in the fuel supply chain has reason to suspects serious contamination of soil (e.g. coal slag heaps) or if planting has been used specifically for the sequestration of chemicals or growing biomass is fertilized with sewage sludge (issued from waste water treatment or chemical process), fuel analysis should be carried out to identify chemical impurities such as halogenated organic compounds or heavy metals.

Decay means a loss of mass and energy. Damage by insects, incipient rot and mould is not considered to be loss of mass and energy. Mould can appear on the surface of wood. The amount of mould generated depends on the drying and storage as well as the ambient conditions. Discolouration may appear as a result of chemical reactions between Fe ions and tannins (example is white oak) or by exposure to oxidation by air and kiln drying.

The quality shall be given either in the product declaration or by a corresponding label in the package.

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