Making better decisions: 2012 Colorado dry bean variety performance trials

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ricultural

Experiment Station

Technical Report

Ag

College of Agricultural Sciences Department of Soil & Crop Sciences Extension

Making Better

Decisions

2012 Colorado Dry Bean

Variety Performance Trials

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Colorado State University is an equal opportunity/affirmative action institution and complies with all Federal and Colorado State laws, regulations, and executive orders regarding affirmative action require-ments in all programs. The Office of Equal Opportunity is located in 101 Student Services. In order to assist Colorado State University in meeting its affirmative action responsibilities, ethnic minorities, women, and other protected class members are encouraged to apply and to so identify themselves.

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Authors

Dr. Jerry Johnson - Associate Professor and Extension Specialist - Crop Production, Colorado State University, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Phone: 970-491-1454, E-mail: jerry.johnson@ colostate.edu.

Dr. Mark Brick - Professor and Dry Bean Breeding Program Leader, Colorado State University, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Phone: 970-491-6551, E-mail: mark.brick@colostate.edu.

Dr. Howard Schwartz - Professor and Extension Specialist - Plant Pathology, Colorado State University, Department of Bioagricultural Sciences & Pest Management, Phone: 970-491-6987, E-mail: howard. schwartz@colostate.edu.

Mark McMillan - Research Associate - Plant Pathology, Colorado State University, Department of Bioagricultural Sciences & Pest Management, Phone: 970-214-5538, E-mail: mark.mcmillan@colostate. edu.

Sally Sauer - Research Associate - Crops Testing Program, Colorado State University, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Phone: 970-491-1914, E-mail: sally.sauer@colostate.edu.

Dr. Mike Bartolo - Superintendent and Research Scientist, Colorado State University, Arkansas Valley Research Center, 27901 Road 21, Rocky Ford, CO 81067, Phone: 719-254-6312, E-mail: michael. bartolo@colostate.edu.

Jeff Davidson – Research Associate, Colorado State University, Arkansas Valley Research Center, 27901 Road 21, Rocky Ford, CO 81067, Phone: 719-254-6312, E-mail: jeffery.davidson@colostate.edu.

Jim Hain - Research Associate - Crops Testing Program, Colorado State University, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, 40335 CR GG, Akron, CO 80720, Phone: 970-554-0980.

Kierra Jewell - Administrative Assistant III, Colorado State University, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Phone: 970-491-6201, E-mail: kierra.jewell@colostate.edu.

J. Barry Ogg - Research Associate - Plant Breeding Program, Colorado State University, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Phone: 970-491-6354, E-mail: barry.ogg@colostate.edu.

Dr. Allan Andales - Assistant Professor and Extension Specialist - Irrigation/Water Science, Colorado State University, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Phone: 970-491-6516, E-mail: allan.andales@ colostate.edu.

Kris Otto - Research Associate - Plant Pathology, Department of Bioagricultural Sciences & Pest Management, Phone: 970-491-0256, E-mail: kristen.otto@colostate.edu.

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2012 Colorado Dry Bean Performance Trials

The Colorado State University Crops Testing Program, Bean Breeding Program, and Bean Pathology Research Program provide unbiased, current, and reliable variety performance results and information to help Colorado dry bean producers make better planting decisions. Our uniform dry bean variety trials serve a dual purpose of screening experimental lines from CSU’s Bean Breeding Program as well as testing them alongside commercially available varieties. This allows the breeding program to make variety advancement decisions and helps our program make informed recommendations for Colorado bean producers. Colorado State University promotes crop variety testing as a service to crop producers and seed companies who depend on us for unbiased and reliable crop variety performance information. The uniform dry bean variety trial is made possible by funding received from Colorado dry bean

producers and handlers via the Colorado Dry Bean Administrative Committee, and the CSU Agricultural Experiment Station.

Colorado produced approximately 702,000 hundredweight (cwt) of dry beans on 45,000 harvested acres in 2012. The total value of production was over $26 million in 2011 (most recent available data). Three eastern Colorado trials were planted at Yuma, Lucerne, and Rocky Ford. Thirty-one varieties with diverse origins, maturities, disease resistance, growth habits, and adaptability were tested at all three irrigated trial locations. Results tables for the trials are presented in the following pages. Plot sizes were

approximately 300 ft2_{and all trials were planted at 85,000 seeds per acre. Seed yields and seed sizes for}

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2012 Irrigated Pinto Bean Variety Performance Trial at Lucerne

Variety Source Yielda _Moisture _Seeds/Pound lb/ac percent count

La Paz ProVita, Inc. 4285 10.6 1215

GTS-904 Gentec Inc. 4284 9.4 1092

CO 90693-5 Colorado State University 4276 9.3 1189 CO 91212-14 Colorado State University 4213 11.0 1291

Mariah Seminis 4178 8.8 1197

Sinaloa ProVita, Inc. 4078 8.5 1251

CO 91216-15 Colorado State University 3921 8.7 1071 CO 90848-11 Colorado State University 3902 9.4 1224 CO 91160-11 Colorado State University 3891 8.5 1136 CO 24972 Colorado State University 3889 11.3 1220 CO 91003-10 Colorado State University 3889 9.9 1069 CO 93096-02 Colorado State University 3884 7.3 1183 CO 91160-14 Colorado State University 3878 8.6 1130 CO 91007-11 Colorado State University 3855 12.6 1103

RS810 Seacat Farms 3807 11.3 1343

Croissant Colorado State University 3765 8.7 1203 Long's Peak Colorado State University 3702 8.9 1115 CO 91364-04 Colorado State University 3687 9.8 1233 Bill Z Colorado State University 3664 8.1 1295

Windbreaker Seminis 3654 7.8 1116

CO 92838-13 Colorado State University 3609 9.5 1040 CO 91003-13 Colorado State University 3569 11.2 1111 CO 90848-14 Colorado State University 3554 8.5 1116 Montrose Colorado State University 3550 7.9 1188 CO 92838-07 Colorado State University 3498 9.6 1001

COB-816-03 Gentec Inc. 3483 11.6 1192

CO 91212-10 Colorado State University 3379 9.1 1103

RS971 Seacat Farms 3376 16.7 1365

Medicine Hat Seminis 3353 7.8 1167

CO 91137-03 Colorado State University 3347 8.9 1155 Othello Washington State University 3311 8.1 1232

Average 3765 9.6 1172

b_{LSD (P<0.30)} ₂₉₁

a_{Yields corrected to 14% moisture} Plot Size: 10' by 30'

Site Information

Cooperator: Brian Leafgren Harvest Date: 9/10/2012 Planting Date: 5/25/2012 Seeding Rate: 85,000 seeds/ac Fertilizer: Nitrogen at 50 lb/ac Herbicides: Eptam and Dual Irrigation Type: Furrow

Disease Comments:

b_{If the difference between two yields equals or exceeds the LSD value, the difference is significant.}

2012 Irrigated Dry Bean Variety Performance Trial at Lucerne

Trace infections of white mold and Fusarium wilt were observed in a few plots, but were too variable to rate.

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2012 Irrigated Pinto Bean Variety Performance Trial at Rocky Ford

Variety Source Yielda _{Test Weight Moisture Seeds/Pound}

lb/ac lb/bu percent count

Mariah Seminis 3702 59.4 9.5 1111

GTS-904 Gentec Inc. 3452 57.9 10.3 999

Montrose Colorado State University 3398 59.1 10.3 1059

CO 91007-11 Colorado State University 3383 58.1 14.3 1061

Othello Washington State University 3313 59.5 9.6 1136

Bill Z Colorado State University 3295 58.4 12.3 1142

Long's Peak Colorado State University 3129 57.6 10.3 1124

Windbreaker Seminis 3009 56.0 9.4 1017

La Paz ProVita, Inc. 2995 59.3 9.8 1070

RS971 Seacat Farms 2967 56.2 14.0 1146

RS810 Seacat Farms 2948 57.1 12.6 1205

COB-816-03 Gentec Inc. 2893 58.0 11.0 1077

Sinaloa ProVita, Inc. 2811 58.7 9.4 1117

CO 24972 Colorado State University 2727 59.4 10.7 1259

Medicine Hat Seminis 2706 56.7 9.1 1064

Croissant Colorado State University 2526 59.5 9.6 1158

Average 2921 58.2 10.6 1088

b_{LSD (P<0.30)} ₃₆₁

a_{Yields corrected to 14% moisture}

Plot Size: 10' by 30'

Cooperator: Arkansas Valley Research Center

Harvest Date: 9/10/2012 and 9/12/2012

Planting Date: 5/23/2012

Seeding Rate: 85,000 seeds/ac

Fertilizer: 125 lb/ac of 18-46-0 applied Feb. 20, 2012

Irrigation Type: Furrow

2012 Irrigated Dry Bean Variety Performance Trial at Rocky Ford

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2012 Irrigated Pinto Bean Variety Performance Trial at Yuma

Variety Source Yielda _{Test Weight Moisture Seeds/Pound}

lb/ac lb/bu percent count Montrose Colorado State University 4076 61.4 9.9 1164 CO 93096-02 Colorado State University 3864 58.6 10.2 1153

Sinaloa ProVita, Inc. 3833 60.2 10.9 1191

GTS-904 Gentec Inc. 3826 59.9 14.6 1160

COB-816-03 Gentec Inc. 3765 60.0 14.9 1191

La Paz ProVita, Inc. 3747 61.3 13.3 1308

Medicine Hat Seminis 3741 58.6 10.1 1161

CO 91212-14 Colorado State University 3718 60.6 15.2 1279 CO 92838-13 Colorado State University 3629 58.6 13.8 1064 CO 90848-11 Colorado State University 3612 60.0 13.2 1236 Othello Washington State University 3608 61.1 9.6 1184 Bill Z Colorado State University 3595 60.1 11.2 1253 CO 91160-11 Colorado State University 3526 59.3 11.1 1129

Mariah Seminis 3513 60.5 10.8 1231

CO 92838-07 Colorado State University 3510 59.6 12.5 1017 Croissant Colorado State University 3419 59.5 11.1 1231 CO 91216-15 Colorado State University 3417 58.5 12.3 1091

Windbreaker Seminis 3411 58.4 8.9 1185

CO 91003-10 Colorado State University 3298 58.8 13.3 1183 Long's Peak Colorado State University 3157 58.5 15.6 1177 CO 91212-10 Colorado State University 3084 59.9 13.8 1135

RS971 Seacat Farms 3070 54.7 27.1 1297

CO 91003-13 Colorado State University 3063 58.4 15.6 1081 CO 91007-11 Colorado State University 2980 58.6 16.8 1145 CO 24972 Colorado State University 2892 59.7 14.5 1260 CO 91137-03 Colorado State University 2749 59.7 9.9 1127 CO 91160-14 Colorado State University 2681 58.8 11.9 1107

RS810 Seacat Farms 2674 58.2 17.4 1312

CO 90693-5 Colorado State University 2655 58.9 14.3 1140 CO 90848-14 Colorado State University 2360 59.7 12.3 1181

Average 3363 59.4 13.2 1180

b_{LSD (P<0.30)} ₃₉₉

a_{Yields corrected to 14% moisture}

Plot Size: 10' by 30'

Cooperator: Richard Wacker Harvest Date: 9/18/2012 Planting Date: 5/30/2012 Seeding Rate: 85,000 seeds/ac

Fertilizer: N-P-K-S-Zn at 85-60-21-20-1.5 lb/ac

Herbicides: Dual, Sonalan, Raptor, Basagran, and Outlook Fungicides: Copper and Headline

Insecticide: Bifenthrin Irrigation Type: Center Pivot Disease Comments:

2012 Irrigated Dry Bean Variety Performance Trial at Yuma

b_{If the difference between two yields equals or exceeds the LSD value, the difference is significant.}

Common bacterial blight infection varied from trace to moderate, and was most severe and consistent in entries such as Othello, Bill Z, and a few experimental lines. A mid-season yellowing of plots in the center of the nursery was observed, but did not appear to reduce plant vigor or yield.

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COAGMET

Monthly Summaries fr

om 2010-2012

C O A G M ET M on th ly S um m ar ies f ro m 2010-2012 C om pi led by H . F . S chw ar tz & M . S . M cM ill an , C ol or ado S tat e U ni ver si ty w w w .c oagm et .c om 2010 2011 2012 Ho lyo ke B ur lingt on R oc ky F ord Ho lyo ke B ur lingt on R oc ky F ord Ho lyo ke B ur lingt on R oc ky F ord Ma y 70. 1 70. 1 76. 2 68. 1 70. 0 76. 2 78. 1 77. 9 79. 9 June 84. 3 84. 1 88. 8 83. 2 85. 4 90. 3 92. 1 93. 5 91. 3 Jul y 87. 9 84. 0 91. 5 89. 4 93. 2 91. 4 94. 0 93. 1 95. 2 A ug 87. 9 86. 9 90. 9 89. 2 90. 8 94. 4 89. 2 89. 1 92. 0 S ept 81. 9 82. 8 88. 5 76. 5 76. 5 82. 1 82. 1 75. 7 82. 7 av er age 82. 4 81. 6 87. 2 81. 3 83. 2 86. 9 87. 1 85. 9 88. 2 2010 2011 2012 Ho lyo ke B ur lingt on R oc ky F ord Ho lyo ke B ur lingt on R oc ky F ord Ho lyo ke B ur lingt on R oc ky F ord Ma y 0 0 4 0 0 1 1 2 1 June 1 1 6 2 2 9 13 13 14 Jul y 3 2 11 2 11 14 17 20 21 A ug 1 0 7 6 8 18 6 8 10 S ept 1 1 3 1 1 1 4 4 4 tot al 6 4 31 11 22 43 41 47 50 2010 2011 2012 Ho lyo ke B ur lingt on R oc ky F ord Ho lyo ke B ur lingt on R oc ky F ord Ho lyo ke B ur lingt on R oc ky F ord Ma y 1. 0 1. 7 1. 2 6. 0 4. 5 0. 3 1. 0 0. 0 0. 3 June 4. 8 0. 2 1. 9 1. 9 1. 7 1. 5 1. 3 0. 0 0. 1 Jul y 2. 8 3. 3 3. 9 6. 2 4. 6 1. 5 1. 2 0. 7 1. 0 A ug 2. 7 2. 5 2. 0 3. 6 3. 6 0. 8 0. 9 3. 1 0. 1 S ept 1. 5 0. 4 0. 2 0. 8 1. 4 0. 5 0. 3 1. 0 0. 8 tot al 12. 8 8. 1 9. 1 18. 5 15. 8 4. 6 4. 7 4. 8 2. 3 Sum m ary : 2012 had hi gh er dai ly tem per at ur es and l es s r ai nf al l t han 2011 f or al l s ites . D ay s abov e 95 F w er e gr eat er for al l s ites , and c oul d hav e i nc reas ed v eget at iv e gr ow th and del ay ed f lo w er in g dur in g 2012 R ai nf al l pat ter ns w er e l ow in 2012, c ont rib ut in g t o l es s bac ter ia l di seas e and c om m on r us t / / CS U V eg P at h W eb S ites: M onthl y D ai ly H igh Te m per at ure (F) N um ber of D ay s A bove 9 5 F M onthl y R ai nf al l ( inche s)

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10-Year Summary of Pinto Bean Variety Performance in Colorado

Every year CSU personnel conduct pinto bean variety performance trials in different locations across eastern Colorado. Both variety entries and locations change from year to year, and this table summarizes varieties that have been tested over multiple years. In the table, yield performance by variety has been averaged over locations within each of ten years. Entries reported are public and commercial named varieties common to all trials for a year. Experimental lines are not included in this summary. The number of locations per year varied from two to six. The trial average at the bottom of each year’s yield column is a simple average of the yields of reported varieties for that year. Average yield over years is shown in the column at the far right.

10-Year Summary of Pinto Bean Variety Performance in Colorado Variety Trials from 2003-2012.

Varietya _{2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012} lb/ac % of avg. Windbreaker 3415 3316 3358 3363 111 Mariah 3033 3105 3798 3312 110 Montrose 2956 2562 2449 3466 2587 4854 3569 3261 2660 3675 3204 106 Sinaloa 2799 3574 3187 105 Galeena 2374 3437 2508 5046 2390 3330 3181 105 Durango 3170 2390 4457 3136 3244 2301 3116 103 GTS-904 3118 3513 2634 3091 2468 3854 3113 103 Bill Z 2463 2253 2454 3689 2796 4910 3273 3418 2305 3518 3108 103 Poncho 2826 2398 2676 3033 3179 4432 3144 3098 102 99217 3080 2406 4482 3296 3082 2148 3082 102 Lariat 2528 4472 3010 3123 2204 3067 101 Medicine Hat 2902 2877 3267 3015 100 Stampede 2502 4015 3100 3081 2280 2996 99 Long's Peak 2973 2786 2684 3329 2943 97 La Paz 2490 3164 2586 3804 2177 2917 2700 3676 2939 97 Baja 2629 2963 2328 3730 2912 96 Othello 1936 3033 3020 3411 2850 94 Croissant 2855 2792 2479 3236 2841 94 Buckskin 2382 2090 2428 3090 2754 4024 2795 92 Grand Mesa 2283 1865 2265 2944 2429 4450 3132 2864 2204 2715 90 ND-307 2735 2949 2298 2661 88 Average 2582 2184 2471 3188 2624 4322 2977 3078 2425 3518 3024

a_{The following varieties were only tested for a few years during the ten year period, and are not included} in this performance summary: Buster, Kimberly, Rally, Shoshone, and Sonora.

Long Term Average Yield

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Pinto Bean Variety Descriptions:

99217 An AmeriSeed Inc. pinto variety from ProVita, Inc. that is late maturing (98-102 days) with

a II B plant type. It has an intermediate resistance to rust and Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV).

Bill Z A pinto variety released in 1985 from Colorado State University. Bill Z has been one of

the most widely grown pinto varieties in the western US and northern highland regions of Mexico. It combines medium maturity (94-97 days), high yield, excellent seed quality and yield stability into a variety that both growers and processors desire. It has semi-vine growth habit and carries resistance to curly top, BCMV and Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV), with tolerance to Fusarium root rot, common bacterial blight and bacterial brown spot.

Croissant A pinto variety released in 2008 from Colorado State University. Croissant combines

several desirable commercial pinto bean traits including excellent seed color and size, high yield potential, resistance to prevalent strains of rust in the High Plains, and resistance to BCMV and BCMNV. Croissant has medium harvest maturity (93 to 98 days) and semi-upright plant architecture in most environments, however, it can lodge in soils with high nitrogen and soil moisture content.

Durango An AmeriSeed Inc. pinto variety from ProVita, Inc. with intermediate resistance to rust and

BCMV. It is a mid to late season maturing variety (98-102 days) with a II B plant type.

Galeena An AmeriSeed Inc. pinto variety from ProVita, Inc. with intermediate resistance to rust and

BCMV. It is a full season maturing variety (100-104 days) and has a II B plant type with a medium to wide profile.

Grand A pinto variety released in 2001 from Colorado State University. Grand Mesa is a medium

Mesa maturity (94-98 days) variety that combines resistance to rust, BCMV, and field tolerance

to white mold, but is susceptible to common bacterial blight and bacterial brown spot. It has moderate yield potential and good seed quality with a semi-upright Type II plant architecture.

La Paz An AmeriSeed Inc. pinto variety from ProVita, Inc. with intermediate resistance to rust and

BCMV. It is a full season maturing variety (99-103 days) that has an upright medium to narrow profile and a II B plant type.

Lariat A pinto line released by the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station in 2008 and

tested as ND020069. It has a Type II upright short vine with good lodging resistance. In Colorado it is a full season variety at approximately 99-100 days. It is resistant to rust and BCMV.

Long’s A pinto variety released in 2011 from Colorado State University. Long’s Peak combines

Peak several desirable commercial pinto bean traits including excellent seed color and size, high

yield potential, resistance to prevalent strains of rust in the High Plains, and resistance to BCMV and BCMNV. Rust resistance is derived from a single recessive gene that allows small rust pustules to form on the leaves late in the growing season. Long’s Peak has upright plant architecture in most environments and has medium plant maturity (94-98 days).

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Mariah A pinto variety released by Seminis. It is a medium maturing plant (93-97 days) with an erect, short-vine growth habit and resistance to BCMV and rust.

Medicine A pinto variety released by Seminis. Medicine Hat is an early season variety (88-90 days)

Hat with short-vine growth habit. It is resistant to BCMV and rust.

Montrose A pinto variety released in 1999 from Colorado State University. Montrose was released

to provide a high yielding pinto variety with improved resistance to rust. It is a medium season variety (94-97 days) with a semi-vine type growth habit. Montrose is resistant to all known races of rust in the High Plains and western US. It has excellent seed quality and possesses resistance to curly top virus, BCMV, BCMNV, and it has tolerance to Fusarium root rot. It is highly susceptible to white mold.

ND-307 A pinto variety developed by North Dakota State University. It is a late season (>100 days)

high yielding variety with upright short-vine growth habit and has resistance to rust and BCMV.

Othello A pinto variety released by the USDA in 1987. It is an early variety (84 to 87 days) with

resistance to BCMV, some root rot pathogens, and curly top virus. It is susceptible to local strains of rust, all bacterial blights, and white mold. It has good seed quality.

Poncho A medium maturity (97 days) pinto variety released by Rogers/Syngenta Seeds, Inc. in

1998. It has resistance to BCMV, high yield potential, and excellent seed quality. It has a Type III growth habit. It is susceptible to rust and bacterial brown spot.

Sinaloa An AmeriSeed Inc. pinto variety from ProVita, Inc. It has a high yield potential and is a

medium-full season maturing variety (96-100 days) with a II B plant type.

Stampede A pinto line released by the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station in 2008 as

ND0203 51. It has full season maturity in the High Plains (96-99 days), high yield capacity and excellent seed size, shape, and appearance. Stampede is an erect variety, with very good lodging resistance. It is resistant to rust and BCMV.

Wind- A pinto line released by Seminis. It is a medium maturing pinto bean (94-98 days) with

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Pinto Bean Experimental lines:

CO24972 An experimental pinto line from Colorado State University.

CO90693-5 An experimental pinto line from Colorado State University.

COB-816-03 An experimental pinto line from Gentec, Inc.

GTS-904 An experimental pinto line from Gentec, Inc.

RS810 An experimental pinto line from Seacat Farms.

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Plant Arrangement Enhances Dry Bean Production for Some Varieties

H. F. Schwartz, M. A. Brick, J. B. Ogg, and M. S. McMillan, Colorado State University Agronomic studies during the last three years showed that planting double lines instead of single lines per bed increased yield an average of 10 percent for less prostrate pinto varieties such as Croissant and Stampede when compared to a prostrate variety Montrose grown at 84,000 plants per acre.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: The authors gratefully acknowledge funding for this research provided by Colorado State University, Colorado Department of Agriculture, Colorado Dry Bean Administrative Committee, and edible bean producers and handlers in Colorado

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Acknowledgments

The Colorado State University dry bean improvement team wishes to express their gratitude to the Colorado farmers who voluntarily and generously contributed the use of their land, equipment, and time to facilitate the 2012 dry bean variety trials. We are thankful to the collaborating farmers, Richard Wacker at Yuma and Brian Leafgren at Lucerne. We also thank Jeff Davidson and Michael Bartolo at the Arkansas Valley Research Center for conducting the Rocky Ford trial. These trials are evidence of bean check off dollars at work. They would not be possible without research support provided by the Colorado Dry Bean Administrative Committee and the Colorado State University Agricultural Experiment Station. The publication of this report made possible by The Colorado Bean Network. We are also thankful to Larry Lande and Dean Larsen from Northern Feed and Bean in Lucerne, CO, Bill Newth from Trinidad/Benham Bean Co. in Sterling, CO, and Debbi Heid from C & F Foods in Yuma, CO for their assistance in identifying trial collaborators and hosting the bean field days.

Trials conducted by Colorado State University Crops Testing Program, funded by the Colorado Dry Bean Administrative Committee, and reported by the Colorado Bean Network.

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