An overview of available DNA-based applications and results relevant for wood protection
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(2) Aim > Give an introduction in to the field of molecular biology in wood protection > Show some examples of how molecular methods are used in practice.
(3) Introduction > Long-term field tests > New accelerated methods > Early detection and quantification. > Mechanisms tolerate or detoxify > Conventional preservatives > Known to some extent. > Modified wood > Service life predictions. > Mode of action and strategies > Improvements of these products.
(4) Introduction > Techniques for detection > Field evaluation > Traditional lab methods > Isolation - culturing > Chemical methods > Chitin > Ergosterol. > None alone can give information > Quantity > Identity.
(5) Introduction > Optimal method > Sensitive and quantitative > Species specific detection > White rot or brown rot. > Biological methods > DNA based molecular methods > Many years in other fields > Valuable tools for wood protection.
(6) DNA-based methods Identify and quantify early decay. To identify fungi. To minimize loss in wooden constructions. Mode of action. Improve new wood protection systems. Gene expression Taxonomic issues Input to service life estimations. Colonization patterns. Profiling.
(7) DNA-based methods > Sequencing > Discovering the exact order of the building blocks of a particular piece of DNA or an entire genome. > Species specific primers > Identification of species.
(8) DNA-based methods > PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) > A "biological copy machine": a method for making many copies of a specific DNA-base sequence. > Detect and study – natural substrate > Very small amounts of sample needed > Non-destructive sampling.
(9) Applications of DNA- and PCRbased methods > Identification of fungi in wood > Sequenced Serpula lacrymans > Buildings in Europe > Method for identification – Indoor wood rot fungi. > New Zealand > Framing timber > Sequenced > Method for air sampling – Spores.
(10) Applications of DNA- and PCRbased methods > Studying of relationship between different fungal species > Phylogenetic trees > More accurate identification > Reconstruct. > Variation within fungal species > Phenotype instead of genotype > Discriminate at strain level.
(11) Applications of DNA- and PCRbased methods > Profiling of the fungal community > Faster and easier > Brown rot fungi Postia placenta > 2 weeks > 7 weeks microscopy. > Preservative treated wood containing biocides > Changes in colonization pattern > Bacteria increased initially > Basidiomycetes increased.
(12) Applications of DNA- and PCRbased methods > Quantification > QRT-PCR (Quantitative Real-Time PCR) > Detection and quantification > Sensitive and species specific > Detection in natural substrate > Colonization rate of Trametes versicolor > Modified wood > Different stages of decay.
(13) Applications of DNA- and PCRbased methods > Gene expression > Understanding of fungal degradation of wood > Different wood protection systems > Study the expression of genes. > Prevent transport of amino acids > Spread of fungal mycelia > Building structures.
(14) Foto: Balsfjord,Troms Oskar Puschmann, Skog og landskap. Thank you for your attention!.
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