Simon Turac H E X V E R T LV

V E R T L

V

MFA Transportation Design

2019

Mobility for the future vertical cityscape

by

Simon Turac

Table of Contents

Demian Horst & Jonas Sandström for all the

tutoring and support throughout this project, but also throughout my education.

Axel Charpentier for the collaboration, the

many valuable discussions, the feedback and for making this project so enjoyable.

My classmates and all the other friends from UID, for my making my time in Umeå such a

blast.

My family and friends, for all their support. Lastly, Umeå Institute of Design for being

such a wonderful school, creative space and inspiring environment.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ABSTRACT

The project originated with the question “What is the future of urban mobility?” and the counter-question “What is the future of urbanity?”. To understand the future of mobility, we first need to try to understand more of the future context where it’ll reside. Mobility and the context it exists within are two symbiotic yet constantly evolving elements. This project seeks to speculate about their respective state in the year of 2050. Our global population keeps on growing, and more people are moving into urbanized regions. Already today more 90% of the worlds population is concentrated on roughly 10% of our planets land surface, and the density keeps increasing. To cope with the expanding population, cities need to keep growing and create sustainable infrastructure. The trend in densely populated regions has been to grow in the vertical axis. Besides just residential spaces, modern cities are starting to distribute shops, utilities and other typical city content vertically as well. City blocks and their content that used to be spread out in the horizontal plane are now increasingly being housed within compact hubs over multiple levels vertically.

This project proposes the idea of a prototype sub-city within a mega city in the South East Asian region, around the year of 2050. Created as a way to prototype solutions to challenges found in hyper densely populated regions ranging from urban planning and congestion to general liveability. The fictional district has a highly vertically oriented cityscape, consisting of many interconnected highrises and megastructures. Traversing the walls of the buildings, vertically and horizontally,

are vehicles propelled through magnetic levitation technology on an inductive infrastructure

retrofitted onto or built into the buildings in the region.

Inspiration

Process

This project has been done in collaboration with fellow colleague Axel Charpentier. The author and Axel excecuted the research collaboratively and later created a common fictional future setting where the project was based. Ultimately, the design effort has been done individually, but in a shared context. Simon Turac (the author) Axel Charpentier

“Collaboration is working together to create something new in support of a shared vision. The key points are that it is not through individual effort, something new is created, and that the glue is the shared vision.”

Stoner, J. 2013

INTRODUCTION

APPROACH

Most of todays large cities are hundreds of years old, some thousands. Where there once used to be roads consisting of packed gravel and dirt trodden on by horses and carriages, are today asphalt roads and highways populated by cars, busses and motorbikes. In tandem with new technology and innovation, the cityscape is constantly evolving and changing. With a population growing larger and faster than ever before, and a larger portion of this global population living in urban regions, cities worldwide are gonna have to adapt. We need to find sustainable ways of building infrastructure and homes, while paying close attention to our energy footprint.

Transportation, can be seen as the arteries of our cities. Every day transportation enables people to move back and forth between their jobs, educations and recreational activities, goods and cargo to be shipped and new places to be explored. Efficient transportation is vital for trade and economic growth but also for connecting communities and social wellbeing.

However, the most efficient means of transportation may be mostly defined by their context. The planning, density and type of cityscape could strongly influence how we travel. In current times, most metropolitan regions globally are facing big challenges regarding carbon emissions, noise and congestion (European Environment Agency, 2016.). Automobiles, which made great sense as the primary source of mobility during the last couple of decades might not be working as well when scaled into the proportions we’re seeing today. While some automobile manufacturers already might be striving to develop more sustainable vehicles, this might be an issue also worth exploring on an urban planning/ infrastructure level.

This could be an opportunity to rethink mobility outside of our usual context, and in turn reflect over todays solutions before moving onward. Developing small prototype cities where we can explore new mobility infrastructures could improve conditions in the region while in turn research mobility itself. INTRODUCTION

Cities are growing larger, taller and more dense than ever before. With predictions of further urbanization and densification (UN, 2019), the author notes that these developments call for research and exploration adressing new ways of handling urban planning and urban mobility in densely populated regions.

One of the subjects this thesis aims to consider is new, symbiotic relationships between urban architecture and mobility. It’s the authors belief that research and experimentation within this subject could provide learnings and/or inspiration of relevance to broading the scope and perception of the transportation design field. The author firmly believes that it’s always of high relevance to strive to reimagine contemporary systems and ideas for the better, whether succesfull or not, the outcome can hold great value in contemplating the future.

With a big interest in transporation design as well as science fiction, the author has thoroughly enjoyed trying to reimagine urban mobility and how it could change the future cityscape. It’s been a great pleasure to work on a project that speculates about aspects of the future evolution of vehicles as well as the environment they run on.

After experience collected from design education and the industry, the author realized what a major role design can play in altering perceptions and creating change. Designing products and experiences for future scenarios forces the designer and the audience to consider various possible future outcomes and reflect over whether they’re ideal or not, and why. The author has also come to acknowledge the privilege of taking a more speculative, visionary approach in the realm of academics with the possibility of contributing to the subject of design.

PERSONAL MOTIVATION SOCIETY & INDUSTRY

This project will aim to explore future possibilities for infrastructure and transportation innovation and development.

This thesis aims to examine possible solutions to challenges with urban planning brought by urbanization.

Described bellow are some of the UN (United Nations) sustainable development goals for the year of 2030 and the relevance to the authors dissertation topic.

UN GOALS

6

02

To understand the future of mobility, we first need to try to understand more of the future context where it’ll reside. According to this logic, this thesis will start by looking into trends and predictions in urban planning and architecture within some of the fastest growing cities globally. The author will strive to reach a broad understanding of how these cityscapes might look around the year of 2050, what challenges they are facing and potential solutions to these issues.

Later, the author will investigate and benchmark emerging technologies, especially within mobility, that possibly might complement these potential solutions and create opportunities for design.

It’s worth acknowledging that the format of this thesis and the allotted time doesn’t allow for extensive, deep dives into the various subjects of the research, but a broad overview of the themes investigated and discussed.

After the research-phase has been concluded, the author will analyze the results, findings and opportunities and transition into the creative part of the process.

The age of modern transit is commonly said to have had its inception in 1863 with the first underground railway in central London. It connected various regions of the city in an unprecedented way, inspiring many other cities to follow Londons example shortly. (McKinsey&Co, 2019) Since then transit and urban mobility in general have undoubtably evolved further, growing faster, more efficient and more extensive. Some of the biggest paradigm shifts in recent times are new business models such as shared mobility services and emerging technologies like autonomous vehicles. Mobility is constantly adapting to the everchanging cityscape, but the cities are also adapting to the transportation itself.

It’s a common idea that the rise of autonomous vehicles will be the fall of public transit. However, recent studies (McKinsey&Co, 2016) suggest that AV’s (autonomous vehicles) and PT (public transit) might come to coexist in a highly symbiotic relationship. It’s been theorised that fleets of AV’s would struggle severely with challenges like congestion if relied on extensively in dense cityscapes.

Public transit is expected to remain playing a vital role in densely populated, urban zones where the mobility of big numbers of passengers is essential. whilst AV’s will support the system by accomodating travelers with first and/or last mile solutions. Combining PT and fleets of AV’s in seamless mobility systems could create an efficient structure enabling big improvements to transportation systems in modern metropolitan areas.

TRANSPORTATION

PUBLIC TRANSPORT + AUTONOMY SYMBIOSIS MOBILITY IS CHANGING

During the coming 30 years, the worlds population is expected to increase by another 2 billion. With urbanization still being a steadily growing trend, 68% of the 9.7 billion population of 2050 is anticipated to reside within urban regions. (UN, 2019) This is a large shift from the 55% of todays global population being urban residents. Already today more 90% of the worlds population is concentrated on roughly 10% of our planets land surface, and the density keeps increasing. To accomodate the growing population, cities will need to expand and create sustainable infrastructure for their growing populations. Why people are increasingly inclined to move into cities is a complex topic, however there are many social, economic and convenience related benefits of living in urban areas.

High density areas can be lively places with many conveniences, if planned right. With short commutes, they can reduce the need for personally owned automobiles, and lower the energy consumption and carbon footprint per habitant efficiently.

The size, spread and shape of a city defines the modes of transportation within it. A city with canals and bodies of water creates the need for ferries and boats. Cities situated in flat regions tend to see more cyclists. Scattered, sprawled out urban regions have higher frequencies of automobiles to cover the large distances while compact, densely populated cities tend to rely more on public transit to fullfill their needs of mobility. Through thorough urban planning, city planners can influence what mode of mobility will have the largest prevalence.

(Rodrigue, 2020)

CITIES INFLUENCE TRANSPORTATION

DENSIFICATION PROCESS

CITY LAYOUTS

Pictured on the left is a map of Houston (Texas, USA), it’s a low rise, low density, sprawled out city. Houston has an average of 3500 inhabitants per square mile. However, Hong Kong (China) pictured on the right, a high rise, high density city has a staggering 92 000 inhabitants per square mile. Making the city of Hong Kong 27 times more dense than Houston. (Winey, 2012)

The population of the sprawled out city of Houston is quite dependant on automobiles to fullfill their

Hong Kong 7,4 million inhabitants High rise High density Houston 2,3 million inhabitants Low rise Low density

transportation needs, which in extension increases the CO2 emissions in the area drastically. Public transportation struggles to cover the region sufficiently because of its sheer size. Hong Kong on the other hand, relies quite heavily on its public transportation system. A Hong Kong Government’s Travel Characteristics Survey states that 90% of the daily journeys in Hong Kong are done with public transit. (Transport department, 2014 ) In high density regions, where public transportation can cover most of its inhabitants travel needs PT is by far the most sustainable and efficient solution.

Future city, National Geographic

The great city, Cheng Du

COMPACT CITIES

One way of dealing with large, densely populated cityscapes is to subdivide them into so called “connected hubs”. (Singh, 2012) These hubs are usually created to house roughly 100 000 inhabitants and equipped to fullfill all the general needs of a city, within a compact hub. This way, urban planners can ensure reduced commuting distances, walkability and even access to more green areas, in turn creating a sense of community and improving general life quality within the hub. Areas like these can act like testgrounds for urban planners, small prototypes representing the cities at large.

The National Geographic did a study on the future of cities together with urban planners, futurists and researchers, resulting in “Future city”. (Treat, 2019) The Future city consists of hubs roughly 400 hectares large, separated by water channels and connected by transit. By concentrating development within these confined zones, the concept aims to maintain a healthy balance between residential areas and protected lands of nature. The fairly high population density within the hubs also promote walkability and cycling as well as low energy consumption and reduced pollution compared to sprawled cities.

CONNECTED HUBS NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC

Mentioned on this page are a couple of examples of compact cities. Promoting walkability and a sense of community.

RESEARCH

In an effort made to preserve the farmland surrounding Chengdu while also accomodating the expanding population, China is planning to build a hyper-dense prototype city called the Great City. On a 1.3 square kilometers area it’s ment to house a population of roughly 80,000 inhabitants.

The Great City is centered around a mass transit hub and is striving to completely remove the need for personally owned cars, reducing carbon emissions greatly. The development of the Great City has been envisioned as a response to the overwhelmed infrastructure in most of Chinas large urban regions. The chinese government is hoping to later replicate and apply learnings made in the prototype city to other locations throughout the nation.

Responsible for the project are “Adrian Smith and Gordon Gill Architecture”, their vision entails a self-sustaining, environmentally sensitive city of short distances. The focus of the urban planners has been to make the city “a city within a park”, instead of creating parks within the city itself. (Adrian Smith and Gordon Gill Architecture, n.d)

The “Toyota woven city” is a concept initiated by Toyota in early 2020, to be constructed at the base of Mt. Fuji. (Toyota, 2020) It’s a small prototype city, that will be inhabited by residents as well as researchers within fields varying from urban planning, autonomy, robotics, smart homes and more. Toyota is aiming to create a fully connected ecosystem within the smart city, in a real world setting. With part of the population consisting of researchers, Toyota is hoping to make valuable insights into life and technology in a city of the future.

The great city, Cheng Du

Toyota woven city

THE GREAT CITY TOYOTA WOVEN CITY

12

By the year of 2050 the worlds population is expected to reach a staggering 9,8 billion (UN, 2019), nearly 70% of this population will reside in urban areas. To cope with the expanding population, cities will have to keep on growing. The trend in densely populated regions such as the Middle East and Asia has been to grow vertically. For example the region of Hong Kong has more than 9000 high rise buildings.

Altough seemlingly dystopian to some, are the so called vertical cities necessarily a negative phenomena? In fact densely populated, vertical cities are more energy efficient than their sprawled counterparts. Utilizing principles of compact development, vertical cities can also sustain a more efficient use of land and while using local resources more scarcely. Lastly, a thoroughly planned, dense infrastructure can reduce miles travelled by car, promoting walkability which in turn commonly is correlated to general wellbeing and a healthier lifestyle. (Akristiniy, Boriskina, 2018.) With the above mentioned aspects taken in regard, vertical cities can have a great foundation viable for sustainable cities.

We need to reimagine urbanism and

the “intersections” of people and

experiences that make a city vibrant

in a way that includes the vertical

dimension. That’s where “vertical

ur-banism” comes into play.

- Gensler Architects, n.d.

CITIES ARE GROWING TALLER PROCESS

VERTICAL CITYSCAPE

Globally, cities are growing taller and taller. Especially within the Middle East and Asia densely populated cities have resorted to expanding in the vertical axis to cope with their growing populations.

Hong Kong skyline

An emerging trend within architecture and urban planning within densely populated areas is the vertical distribution of a cities content. (Gámez, Lin, 2018) This means arranging different utilities like shops, restaurants, and even public departments like post offices along with residential units (that are typically spread out in the horizontal plane) all within one high rise building. It’s a development of what urban planners usually refer to as “15 minute neighbourhoods”, which in essence implies having access to conveniences such as retail, restaurants and services all within a 15 minute travel time. One

example of a vertically distributed neighbourhood is depicted in KX50. KX50 is an “earthscraper” -concept part of a report launched by Samsung, where academics and futurists researched how our cities will look like in 50 years (Samsung, 2019). An actually existing example of the principle is the Shanghai tower, Chinas tallest building. It contains multiple zones divided between office, retail and leisure use. Dan Winey, an architect at the architecture firm Gensler, responsible for the Shanghai tower, emphasizes the importance of reimagining urbanism with the intersections of people and experiences in

VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION

Shanghai tower, Gensler Architects

With buildings in large, dense metropolitan areas growing taller and taller, housing hundreds, sometimes thousands of people, yet with a single entry point at the ground level, a bottleneck is created. (Akristiniy, Boriskina, 2018) Large high rises can be perceived as isolated islands, containing multiple points of interest for the public, yet only connected by narrow bridges, the author notes. The taller a high rise is built, the more elevators are required, widening the non-inhabitable core of the building. So by constructing a taller building to add more space, more space is being consumed by the elevator structure throughout the whole building. (Square One Architecture, 2018)

In an effort to combat the two issues mentioned in the previous section, contemporary architects are attempting to connect tall buildings on multiple levels. By extension creating a more multi-levelled cityscape. (Swinal, Srilakshmi, 2018) This creates additional entry points and routes of travel but also comes with the possibility of elevating and multiplying elements traditionally bound to the ground level such as streets and parks. In turn, creating more community spaces for people to thrive in without the intrusion of cars and expanding the space of dense cityscapes. These linked high rises form what is commonly referred to as architectural megastructures.

MEGASTRUCTURES

A CITY PLANNING MOVEMENT THE GROUND LEVEL BOTTLENECK

PROCESS

A megastructure is an architectural/ urban planning concept of a single, massive man made structure or multiple interconnected smaller substructures.

Hanging City, Square one Linked hybrid

Could this bring negative consequences to the ground level such as blocking of the sunlight? According to Kostas Poulopoulos, Founder of Square One Architects, this is a valid concern. However, most of the rapid, dense urbanization is taking place in arid climates with intense sun. Cities like Mumbai (India), Bangkok (Thailand) or Chongqing (China), approach urban planning with different priorities in mind. Providing shade is seen as a positive aspect. In Dubai for example, where you can barely be outside for most parts of the year, vast amounts of shade would be beneficial for the liveability. (Poulopoulos, 2018) It’s also worth questioning the significance of the ground level in a future multi layered cityscape, where most of our daily lives actually might come to take place on elevated planes.

IMPACT ON THE GROUND LEVEL

The Int

erlac

e, Singapor

Magnetic levitation is a method by which an object is made to levitate by using no other support than magnetic fields. (Miyasaka, Berkelman, 2014) ) By constantly altering the strength of the electro magnets, simultaneously pushing and pulling the object, the object remains fixed in place, levitating in a state of equilibrium. As the object constantly is being repelled and attracted by the electromagnets, this method can also be applied in different orientations, pictured below is an example of magnetic levitation at a 90 degree angle.

Some of the most common applications of magnetic levitation technology are in magnetic bearings and in trains. Maglev trains can be found in Germany, China and Japan among other countries. There are many benefits to applying the technology in trains, some being higher top speed and reduced energy consumption. As the train carts are suspended, levitating while driving, there’s no significant friction occurring. Therefore wear and tear as well sound pollution are also reduced. (Whyte, 2016)

When utilizing magnetic levitation technology in trains, the only moving part is the train itself. Because of this, maglev trains are more quiet and smooth than conventional trains. Also, this relates to these trains being powered and controlled by their infrastructure, preventing collisions, reducing the need of dedicated pilots and making the system easier to automate. (Han, Kim, 2016.)

Maglev trains have set multiple speed records, and can accelerate and decelerate much faster than conventional ones, the main limitation to speed

TECHNOLOGY ENABLING MOBILITY

IN THE VERTICAL PLANE

MAGNETIC LEVITATION APPLICATION ON TRANSPORTATION

PROCESS

21

+ High volume Efficient Small footprint Most sustainable -Dependant on infrastructure Only A to B (non flexible) Loud + Flexibility Efficiency -Visual pollution Loud Requires own propulsion Large footprint Costly + Flexibility Speed Silent -Dependant on infrastructure Costly VERTICAL TAKE OFF AND LANDING

MAGNETIC LEVITATION

RAIL/ CABLE

22

23

ThyssenKrupp, a german conglomerate with focus on industrial engineering, steel production and elevator technology released the elevator concept MULTI, in 2018. MULTI is a smart ropeless elevator system powered by magnetic levitation. (ThyssenKrupp, 2014) Utilizing these modern technologies, the MULTI system allows multiple carts to travel within the same shaft, with the ability of “overtaking each other” travelling vertically as well as horizontally. MULTI strives to increase transport capacity as well as efficiency while drastically reducing the footprint of the elevator shaft, representing the main volume of high rise buildings today. Thyssenkrupp notes that adopting the MULTI system opens up more than 25% floor space in high rises. Thyssenkrupp displayed the capabilities of their concept by launching a fully functional system at their innovation test tower in Rottweil, Germany back in 2017. The idea of MULTI was born from the need of connecting dense, vertical megacities at multiple levels, “hacking the connection between urban sectors at higher levels” as they put it themselves.

Thyssenkrupp teamed up with Copenhagen-based architecture studio SquareOne to create a building concept based around their MULTI elevator system. The result is called the Hanging City. The building concept is a megastructure consisting of multiple interconnected high rises, themselves multi-leveled, mall-sized urban realms. All seamlessly connected by the multi dimensionally travelling Multi elevators. (Urban hub, 2018)

New ways of moving within the cityscape open up a lot of new opportunities for urban planners and architects to create larger, yet fluid and connected structures. The elevators are hardly elevators anymore but rather a kind of internal vertical/ horizontal metro system.

“If we connect tall towers, not simply with small bridges, but with entire urban sectors – “hanging cities” so to speak – then we will have the possibility to develop plenty of urban activity there, such as shopping, education, and workplaces.” notes Kostas poulopoulos, founder of SquareOne Architects in an interview with “urban-hub.com”. (Urban Hub, 2018, §11)

With these hanging cities, SquareOne are essentially expanding the urban space, providing more space

Thyssenkrupp MULTI

A NEW ERA OF TRANSPORTATION

MULTI, THYSSENKRUPP

OPPORTUNITIES FOR ARCHITECTURE PROCESS

Th

ys

senkrupp MUL

TI

Thyssenkrupp MULTI

As buildings become increasingly taller and stand increasingly closer to one

another, it becomes evident that the ground level is too far away to move

from building to building. There must be a way to take a shortcut. And, as it

often happens, today’s shortcut might just be tomorrow’s main street.

- ThyssenKrupp

26 27

Our global population is expanding and urbanising in previously unrivaled numbers. Cities have to adapt to cope with the growing population, and find new solutions for sustainable growth and dealing with the hyper densely distributed population. The skylines of future megacities will be made up by more high rises, often connected by multiple skybridges forming megastructures. Complete city blocks containing accomodation, recreation, offices and utilities will be confined within single grand formations. By creating multiple new horizontal planes offsetting the ground level, cities can expand their surface area creating more space for their communities. In general, more aspects of life will take place elevated above the ground.

This new formation of the cityscape will create new needs of mobility. Elevators, previously confined to their shafts and linear movement will be able to travel in multiple dimensions, thanks to maglev technology, satisfying the need for vertical mobility

Stated below is a summary of the research and conclusions derived from it by the author.

as well as enabling new forms of architecture and urban planning. What previously has been referred to as elevators or lifts, might rather become internal (or/ and external) metro lines, moving users vertically and horizontally throughout the various megastructures building up the cityscape.

With contemporary transportation innovations such as MAAS (mobility as a service) and autonomous driving systems in mind, these vehicles with movement in the vertical plane will highly likely be automated and controlled from a central system. Optimizing flow of traffic and ensuring accurate journey time estimations as a result.

One of the fascinating developments of this hypothesis is the overlap between architecture and transportation design. Two seemingly separate fields that might come to share more resemblance in the future than previously expected.

STARBUCKS TRUE LOGOS. GENERATED BY CHI NGUYEN (CHISAGITTA)

STARBUCKS TRUE LOGOS. GENERATED BY CHI NGUYEN (CHISAGITTA)

Made b

y Ax

el Charpentier

The authors ambition for this project is to manifest a visionary depiction of a new type of vehicle, traversing the future vertical cityscape. In the process creating an appealing scenario for urban mobility in the year of 2050.

The author is also hoping to include a backdrop of this modern city in the final visualizations, painting a vivid picture for the audience of this new context, conveying a sense of wonder. This would hopefully temporarily susped disbelief and spark a discussion about the future of cities and the mobility within them.

Throughout the process, the author will strive to keep an open mindset, be playful and creative in general and also in regard to what kind of look and feel a new type of vehicle like this should adopt. Lastly the author is hoping to learn new methods of 3D modelling and visualizing the final product.

With a (year ~2050) future setting, it could prove to be difficult to base all solutions on facts and the author might have to make some assumptions based on the research and anticipated trends/ innovations.

A new type vehicle and a completely new type of infrastructure is a tremendously big task, hard to contain within the allotted time period of this thesis (however, still worthwhile). For this reason the author will put his emphasis on developing the vehicle itself and merely strive to hint at the infrastructure. This project will highly likely come to touch upon a complete system of mobility involving different segments and modules satisfying the needs of different users, however the author will have to restrict his effort to one vehicle in the interest of of the allocated time budget.

PROCESS

PERSONAL BRIEF

The author and his collaboration partner (Axel Charpentier) collaboratively created a common future premise for their respective projects. This came to be “Vertico district”.

Vertico district is a prototype sub-city within a mega city in the South East Asian region, around the year of 2050. Created as a way to prototype solutions to challenges found in hyper densely populated regions ranging from urban planning and congestion to general liveability. The hub is planned after principles of 15 minute neighbourhoods, with services and utilities being distributed densely both vertically and horizontally.

The Vertico district has a highly vertically oriented cityscape, consisting of many megastructures

and highrises interconnected by skybridges and architecture. Vehicles produced by the (fictional) brand Vertal connect the different areas of the region, traversing the walls of the buildings, vertically and horizontally. The Vertal units are propelled through magnetic levitation technology travelling on an inductive infrastructure retrofitted onto or built into the buildings in the region. The infrastructure utilizes integrated solar panels to harness most of the energy being used in the system.

Being a car-free hub and primarily relying on transportation in the vertical plane, the horizontal planes of Vertico district, distributed over varying heights throughout the cityscape, are spaces dedicated to the local community to thrive in.

FUTURE SCENARIO/

CONTEXT

PROTOTYPE DISTRICT

39

Huawei shuttle train station Th ys senkrupp ele va tor

Transdev autonomous shuttle

USER GROUP

/ FUTURE CONTEXT

The target of the vehicle has been the context of large corporate campuses. Already in current times, large companies’ headquarters are often based in vast campuses stretching for kilometres. These corporate villages house the different departments that make up the company, but also often include utilities, services and sometimes even recreational components.

The project is set in a future mega campus like this, in the fictional Vertico district. This area is being inhabited by large, modern, tech company. Their facilities are distributed over multiple interconnected megastructures, numerous floors in height, connected by various variants of the vehicle depicted in this thesis.

BUSINESS/ COMPANY CAMPUSES

For insights into the different use cases of a vehicle existing in this context the author looked into campus shuttles and elevators existing within similar situations. The author also referred to personal experience from internships at large companies where rides in shuttles and elevators were daily occurences. Common features are clean, non distracting spaces as well as basic utilities such as light storage for beverages och jackets. As these vehicles regularly are used to shuttle clients and guests visiting the company, there’s also an aspect of presentability and profesionalism required. Shuttle rides are commonly not designed to be productive instances, on the contrary, they can be well needed occasitions of introspectiveness and act as a moment of relaxation during a busy day. PROCESS

33 34

LARGE CAMPUS

PROFESSIONAL EXECUTIVE

TECH

MODERN

USE CASES NEEDS

COMPANY

COMPANY

COMPANY STATION

MEETING WORKSHOP EVENT

CLIENT/ FACTORY/ PROJECT

Travel in groups within company campus Meeting itinerary Non distracting space Travel in group outside of campus, visiting

client/ factory/ project

Light storage (beverage) Brand customization Picking up/ dropping of clients at local station.

SCENARIO IDEATION

In a city connected by mobility travelling in the vertical plane there would undoubtely exist an extensive variation to pods and modules, specialized for different numbers of inhabitants or users with special needs. However the specific vehicle developed in this thesis is aimed to fullfill requirements of premium shuttles in large company campuses. Automatically booked through an entry in the calendar of the user, the vehicle seamlessly brings it’s occupants from their department to their destination. In the larger scheme of mobility infrastructure the vehicle becomes a last mile/ autonomus pod type of vessel complementing long range public transit systems.

During the initial stages of the creative development process of the project, the author stated some questions regarding the outcome such as “who will use this?”, “how does one enter the vehicle?” and “where does it travel?”. Through ideation and by building quick scenarios and illustrations based on the queries the author managed to create a foundation for further design ideation and a basic understanding of usage scenarios for the design.

WHO WILL USE THIS? HOW?

SCENARIO BUILDING

MEETING W. WU AT 4 PM

The vehicles travel along inductive maglev infrastructure, integrated or retrofitted onto the buildings of Vertico district. The infrastructure could simultaneously function like solar panels, harnessing solar energy at their elevation.

Buildings separated from other megastructures can be linked using “sky roads”, additionally creating infrastructure for elevated community planes and walkable bridges and parks connecting different megastructures.

The author imagined various departments having multiple “transportation lobby rooms” where the passengers can await their vessel. The vehicle docks into the room from the outside, it’s doors folding out and bridging the entrance to the building. The seating gently pivots out towards the passengers, presenting them the interior. The aesthetic of the vehicle interior feels like an extension of the room, and boarding the vehicle doesn’t feel like leaving the building.

WHERE DOES IT TRAVEL?

INSPIRATION

As the vehicle-type depicted in this project was ment to travel along infrastructure in the vertical plane, mounted to the exteriors of various megastructures and buildings, architecture was a key inspiration. Stark, planar surfaces, generous use of glass and perpendicular lines and patterns were some of the main takeaways amongst many others. The vehicle would however need some sense of movement to its aesthetic, and so “moving architecture” became the driving metafor for most of the project.

The aim for the aesthetic of the vehicle was a clean, non distracting space with a modern interior-like expression. A sensation of not leaving the building upon entry. Geometric shapes and smooth surfaces with an understated sense of premiumness, giving the vehicle presentability and an atmosphere of profesionalism. Generous, large windows allow for energizing light and a view of the scenic cityscape. The interior should be a calm space, providing well needed moments of relaxation in shuttle rides

Lo- fi mockuping using google cardboard and sketchfab

Before starting to develop the design, the author aimed to define the general architecture of the vehicle. Working with mannequins in Maya (3D software from Autodesk) the author quickly mocked up a series of varying configurations. Ranging from better space optimization to better perceived UX through passenger comfort, space and a better view of the surrounding environment. Valuable insights were made in regards to the need for large windows, roof height and positioning as close to the wall as possible for perceived safety. Some quick cardboard mockups of the interior space together with google cardboard VR and sketchfab further helped nailing down the dimensions.

GENERAL ARCHITECTURE

8 passengers space efficient 6 passengers looking at back of peoples heads? 8 passengers space efficient varying seats 5 passengers focused on view 5 passengers varied seating 8 passengers 3 inwards facing? 5 passengers moving seats 6 passengers 3 inwards facing 6 passengers focused on view 6 passengers social config 6 passengers social config 6 passengers social config 6 passengers asocial config? 6 passengers social config asymmetric awkward corner seat?

Ultimately, the author decided on a configuration consisting of two opposite J-shaped benches. While not the most optimized solution in regards to passenger numbers, the configuration provides an exclusive, spacious experience for up to 6 occupants. With the use application of the business context in mind, an interior space encouraging conversation yet without the obligation of sitting face to face was deemed favourable.

MOVING ARCHITECTURE

One of the early ideas in regards to the aesthetic of the vehicle was a strong architectural influence. With the vehicles travelling along the walls of various megastructures, the author figured it would be pleasant if there would be a sense of them belonging there. The author explored various iterations to this approach, trying to stick to large, unbroken surfaces, geometric patterns and a generous occurrence of glass.

Some of the earlier concepts were inspired by terrasses and for a while throughout the process, that became the working metafor for the vehicle. A terass is a space most people thoroughly enjoy, it can be perceived as a serene, refreshing space. The view of the scenery temporarily occupies your thoughts and can induce a slight “overview effect”, (a sensation of cognitive shift in awareness, reported by astronauts viewing earth from space.) making the user fondly reflect over their community and the insignificance of ego. Exceptional seating comfort on a terras is often passed of as non significant compared to ex. a living room as users only spend

INTERIOR

For the interior space of the vehicle, the author explored a clean, geometric, room interior-like approach. Throughout the process achieving a stricter, more dressed up aesthetic suitable for the business context. The general top view bounding box was defined through the configuration explorations. Furthermore the interior (and the vehicle in general) had to have an omnidirectional aesthetic and functionality. The author realized early on that with this type of mobility, the view of the surrounding scenery would be of great importance, which

INTERIOR DESIGN

VEHICLE MODULARITY

Early on during the process the author realized the necessity of tying the aesthetic of the vehicle to architecture. With the vehicles travelling along the various megastructures and highrises of Vertico city, it would favourable if they would be perceived as if they were blending into the cityscape.

After a feedback session with the tutors, the idea of the vehicles being designed in collaboration with architects responsible for the building came to life. This way, the vehicle could complement the building it belongs to, subtly blending in or perhaps accentuating certain features of the architecture.

give the vehicle modular parts, adaptable after the context. The two main components would be the pod module, housing the inhabitants of the vehicle and the facade shield, a customizable panel designed in collaboration with the architect of the building or the company owning that specific vehicle.

Pictured to the right are some sketches of possible iterations to the facade shield, adapted to their respective building facade.

When passive, the vehicle wouldn’t contribute to the eyesore of large automobile parking lots. During the early stages of the process, the author also considered if the non-occupied vehicles instead could be used as working spaces.

ARCHITECTURE

FACADE

The pod module is the component of the vehicle housing its inhabitants. Early insights into the requirements of its development were the need for an omnidirectional aesthetic and a large glass window, maximizing the view for the users. It’s general shape was largely influenced by the seating configuration, later also reflected in its silhouette in the Y- plane. The author decided to pursue a hexagonal yet geometric theme for the overall shape, aiming to give the form of the pod more directionality and movement. The technical aesthetic also aims add a capable, advanced semantic to the

INSPIRATION

The shield module is the external, customizable panel on the outside of the vehicle. The authors ambition was to give it an architectural, reduced, planar aesthetic. Early ideas also included providing the panel with a curtain system, automatically adapting to weather conditions and possibly also solar panel technology. It was definitely a big challenge to design such a large, and primarily transparent component, ment to flatter the design while underlining the disconnect between the panel and the pod. Ultimately the author decided to pursue a direction inspired by architecture, with bold, stark surfaces, yet with a technical aesthetic accentuating the fact that this particular vehicle is a premium, advanced halo product of the (fictional)

FACADE DEVELOPMENT

3D DEVELOPMENT

The 3D development phase was done in Autodesk Maya, a polygonal modelling software. Maya allowed the author to create quick iterations of various ideas previously explored throughout the sketch process. Early on the main objective was finding a general aesthetic direction as well as a packaging configuration. Later it also allowed the author to closely define surfaces and details in a precise manner. The main drawback of the workflow in the Maya workspace was the lack of precise surface diagnostic tools, and inadequate viewport rendering/ shading capabilities. Because of this, these aspects of the 3D delevopment were for the

VEHICLE PACKAGE

Pictured to the right is a package drawing of the Vertal Hex. Originally derived from the trapezoidal seating configuration, the body of the vehicle allows for a social interior environment. The dimensions in the Y axis are kept relatively slim while the generous proportions in Z provide the users with a premium, spacious, roomy feeling.

5200 mm

1450 mm

H E X

V E R T

H E X

The end result of the project is Vertal Hex, a maglev propelled shuttle targeting future businesses and megacampuses. It’s a premium vehicle with a bold aesthetic.

The exterior facade panel is stark and planar and features an adaptable curtain system. The disconnect between the exterior paneling and the main body underlines the modularity of the component. It’s architectural aesthetic gives it a sober, professional tone suitable for company applications.

The expression of the exterior aims to emphasize its architectural inspiration, complementing the tall, future cityscape while also connecting it to the realm of vehicle design. Balancing between the monolithic and static and the tapered and dynamic.

RESULT

The inviting interior of the Hex is calm and reduced yet premium with an interior-like aesthetic. With the atmosphere reminiscent of a business lounge, it’s representable in professional contexts and with clients. The white vegan leather and the woven linen backrest in combination with the champagne-finish seat frame contribute to the soft and luxurious aura. The curtains visible in the back of the interior gently close as the vehicle departs adding to the calm ambience while also dampening the acoustics. Soft, indirect lighting and occurence of plants aims to make the concept a relaxing space for well needed moments of breathing out during work related travel on busy days.

Pictured on this page is an exploded view showcasing the different components making up the vehicle. On the far left is the facade module, also featuring the curtains. To the right of that are the interior elements, seatings as well as coffee tables with hooks for clothing or light luggage. The main body of the vehicle, the passenger pod, connects all of the separate components and is marked with (6). Finally, the folding doors as well as the suspension is pictured on the far right.

1

2

The following context visualizations where made to describe a typical user journey with the Vertal Hex. Pictured on the right is the ingress/ egress sequence. The vehicle arrives at the boarding lobby, and docks into the building. The doors of the Vertal Hex fold inwards, bridging the vehicle and the building. The bright interior is presented and the seats gently pivot out, inviting the travellers on in. As the vehicle is ready for boarding, the interface to the right of the entrance welcomes the passengers onboard and provides them with a brief overview of the upcoming journey.

The lobby features seating for travellers awaiting their vessels and strives to emit a calm, premium ambience similar to the one of the vehicle interior.

INGRESS SEQUENCE

Once the travellers have boarded the Vertal Hex, they are welcomed by the interface. It updates them on their upcoming meeting as well as their schedule for the rest of the day. They´re also presented with basic information about their journey, estimated time of arrival as well as time and date.

The passengers can put their beverages and other small objects on the coffee table in front of them as well as hang their coats and bags on the hooks on the underside of the tables.

As they depart the glass defrosts and the guests are struck by the magnificent scenery of Vertico district towering up in front of them.

The vehicle travels silently along the building exteriors of the future megacity. The integrated maglev infrastructure on which the Vertal Hex travels, harnesses energy using solar cell technology, optimal for applications at high elevation.

Elevated parks and passages are visible in the lower image, these bridges and elevated planes work as a way to expand the available surface area of the hyper dense district.

This project has been very educative, however also incredibly challenging. Throughout the process the author has made numerous insights and learnings, about design processes and workflows but also about himself as a designer. Realizing more of ones own strengths and weaknesses, what brings inspiration and not, are truly some of the most valuable insights one can make as a designer. It’s possibly the only way to overcome some of these hurdles, and to be able to sustain at a full time job as a creative, delivering new ideas regularly, without always having to “wait for inspiration to strike”. The author believes that this is one of the big strengths of a school with a project-based curriculum such as UID. Similarly to most of the hard skills we’re taught, like sketching, 3d modelling etc, the only way of bettering your personal design process is repetion and conscious evaluation, project after project. One of the big insights made by the author in this regard has been how “there’s not just one right answer(/design)”. It might sound glaringly obvious, however the author acknowledges finding himself countless times through the creative development process in various projects disregarding idea after idea because it’s “not the one”. Whether it’s aesthetics or problem solving, it’s important to not disregard ideas as “bad” but instead see them as components, building blocks that eventually might collectively add to your final result. This insight has been important to the personal development of the author because of how it can limit the creative output and confidence but also, and mainly how this state of mind can make one precious about ideas and concepts. There’s of course nothing wrong with being passionate about one´s design, however if

it limits the ability of the designer to improve the concept through feedback or continued iteration, it can be quite a fatal flaw. Iteration, feedback and external input are all crucial components to the design process of massproduced products, targeting broad demographics.

Another challenge the author has encountered during the process of this thesis has been the one of ambition in relation to planning and working on a tight schedule. During the beginning of the project the author was passionate about pursuing many interesting, yet vast topics, in retrospect quite impossible with the alloted time for the project in regard. However the author stubbornly persisted working towards these ambitions, even after words of caution from the tutors on the project, until the author himself finally realized the improbability of managing to cover these vast topics with the time budget at hand. The project had to be extensively narrowed down. Luckily, some of the research and insights done for these initial, broad topics found relevance in the final outcome of the brief. This crucial shift of direction and focus wouldn’t have been possible if not for the help of internal and external tutoring. The author would like to stress the importance of being responsive and acting on the feedback and input provided by the tutors.

On a more cheerful note, without the chaotic development of the thesis brief the author wouldn’t have arrived at the final topic of the thesis, which truly has been of great interest and a pleasure to work on. The concensus here is not at all being about justifying stubbordness but about trusting the process. Although at times seemingly chaotic and REFLECTION

frightening, if one as a designer constantly strives to make the right decisions and aims to align to the alloted time frame, the outcome will most likely be succesfull.

As with most creative processes, it can be hard to estimate when breakthroughs and ideation progress are going to be made, obstructing detailed planning. However, there must be a sense of “moving forward with what you know at that particular point”, often stated by one of the authors’ tutors Jonas Sandström. Jonas’ statement has repeatedly proven to be helpful during the process of this project. The final design proposal of the thesis illustrates one of the many ways that the fields of architecture and transportation design can come to converge in the future. It’s the authors humble hope that this might be an influence or inspiration to fellow designers and others, driving continued research and speculation about the future of urban mobility. It’s the authors belief that it’s of high importance to strive to rethink not just the vehicles populating our society, but the platform and context that they’re in. Discussing and reflecting over these matters might generate new insights and in extension possibly spawn far future solutions to challenges regarding congestion, pollution and general liveability in dense urban regions.

Other challenges to society such as the ongoing covid-19 pandemic might also cause vehicles and services like shared mobility to change and adapt. For this specific project, this topic was outside of the specified focus area, however the author strongly feels that it’s of high relevance to incorporate more

solutions relating to sanitation, and social distansing in future design projects touching on shared mobility.

The end result of this thesis is of course just one vehicle out of many that would populate this fictional, future cityscape. But it does promote the idea of a wide array of non personally owned vehicles. A complete reconstruction of urban mobility as proposed in this thesis would simply not be possible if not for the optimization of the inhabitants to vehicles ratio supported by shared mobility. For this reason, this thesis aims to promote the vision of a city solely facilitated by non owned vehicles.

Also, much remains undisclosed about the intricacies and complexity of the infrastructure. However, with the time frame of the project in mind the author feels as if the concept produced is sufficient in illustrating a visionary outlook of a possible future urban context and its infrastructure. Also, worth underlining is that the end result is just that, a concept. When striving to design a visionary product for the setting of year 2050, estimations have to be made about technological advancements, the state of society and more.

BOOKS

REPORTS

Rodrigue Jean-Paul, 2020. The Geography of Transport Systems. Routledge

Singh Sarwant, 2012. New Mega Trends: Implications for Our Future Lives. Palgrave Macmillan UK Gámez José L.S, Lin Zhongjie, 2018. Vertical Urbanism: Designing Compact Cities in China. Routledge Han Hyung-Suk, Kim HanDong-Sung, 2016. Magnetic Levitation: Maglev Technology and Applications. Springer Hodgetts, Craig, 2017. The Movie Art of Syd Mead: Visual Futurist. Titan Books

Harari Yuval Noah, 2018. 21 Lessons for the 21st century. Spiegel & Grau Fresco Jacque, 2019. Designing The Future. The Venus Project, inc

European Environment Agency, 2016. Towards clean and smart mobility, Transport and environment in Europe. https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/ signals-2016/download

McKinsey & Company, 2016. An integrated perspective on the future of mobility. https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/sustainability/our-insights/ an-integrated-perspective-on-the-future-of-mobility

UN, 2019. The World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision. https://population.un.org/wpp/

HK Transport department, 2014. Travel characteristics Survey 2011 Final Report. https://www.td.gov.hk/filemanager/en/content_4652/tcs2011_eng.pdf Adrian Smith and Gordon Gill Architecture, n.d. Great City Chengdu Master Plan. http://smithgill.com/media/pdfs/Great_City_Chengdu_Master_Plan_for_ web_2.pdf

Akristiniy Vera A, Boriskina Yulia I, 2018. Vertical cities - the new form of high-rise construction evolution. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183301041 Samsung, 2019. SAMSUNG KX50: The future in focus. https://images.samsung.com/is/content/samsung/p5/uk/explore/kings-cross/discover/SamsungKX50-The_Future_in_Focus_-_report.pdf

Swinal Samant, Srilakshmi Menon, 2018. Exploring New Paradigms in High-Density Vertical Hybrids. ctbuh.org/papers

Miyasaka Muneaki, Berkelman Peter, 2014. Magnetic levitation with unlimited omnidirectional rotation range. www.elsevier.com/ locate/mechatronics MIT Energy Initiative, 2019. Insights into future mobility. energy.mit.edu/insightsintofuturemobility

TEDx Talks. 2016, dec 13. “The future of transportation | Ryan Janzen | TEDxToronto “

[Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ta9HuJbV-hQ&list=PLOxAoQNpsfhSymNgjo8sTk12SLS1d53lZ&index=11&t

The B1M. 2018, jul 11. “Hyperloop Explained | The B1M “

TED. 2017, aug 31. “7 principles for building better cities | Peter Calthorpe “

[Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFjD3NMv6Kw&list=PLOxAoQNpsfhSymNgjo8sTk12SLS1d53lZ&index=8&t

Black Pigeon Speaks. 2017, jul 10. “Triumph of the City: Urbanism & Why it Matters “

[Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zSnt0MTMcbw&list=PLOxAoQNpsfhSymNgjo8sTk12SLS1d53lZ&index=16&t

Eberly, “Tyson Eberly”. 2010, okt 2. “Jacque Fresco on Larry King Live Full “

[Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PN6puH9DYnQ&list=PLOxAoQNpsfhSymNgjo8sTk12SLS1d53lZ&index=25&t

TEDx Talks, 2012, may 3. “Building Vertical Cities: Daniel Winey at TEDxConnecticutCollege. “

[Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Agei8pMxi9g&feature=emb_title

NeoScribe. 2018, jul 4. “Powering the Future: Solid State Batteries “

[Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oPh2879pyw0&list=PLOxAoQNpsfhSymNgjo8sTk12SLS1d53lZ&index=26&t

Practical Engineering. 2016, aug 10. “What’s that Infrastructure? (Ep. 1 - Transportation Infrastructure) “

[Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oA2-80lY5rE&list=PLOxAoQNpsfhSymNgjo8sTk12SLS1d53lZ&index=6&t

WEBSITES

VIDEOS

McKinsey & Company, 2019. The road to seamless urban mobility. https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/sustainability/our-insights/ the-road-to-seamless-urban-mobility

Treat Jason, 2019. Cities of the future. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2019/04/see-sustainable-future-city-designed-for-people-and-nature/ Toyota, 2020. Toyota Woven City. https://www.woven-city.global/

Gensler, n.d. Vertical Urbanism and the Livable Cities of Tomorrow. https://www.gensler.com/research-insight/blog/vertical-urbanism

Winey Dan, 2012. The new urban planing: Look Upward, not Outward. http://www.gensleron.com/cities/2012/9/4/the-new-urban-planning-look-upward-not-outward.html

Square One Architecture, 2018. Hanging City. http://sq-1.dk/hanging-city

Whyte Chelsea, 2016. How maglev works. https://www.energy.gov/articles/how-maglev-works

# IMAGES URL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

SEB bank headquarters; https://cdn.archilovers.com/projects/7a6fc339-45d1-43c7-9daf-fb32d0cd97d4.jpg

White abstract photo; https://res.cloudinary.com/brandpad/image/upload/v1561107973/2794/plain_photography_1.jpg Trains; https://eder-reisen.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/54/2019/11/8-1.jpeg

Rocket boys; https://static-copyright-com-au.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/2017/10/munchkins-cropped-again.jpg White building; https://mir-s3-cdn-cf.behance.net/project_modules/2800_opt_1/b4f89945304769.583493605796d.jpg UN sustainable goal 11; https://www.un.org/esa/ffd/ffddialogue/images/E_SDG%20goals_icons-individual-rgb-11.png UN sustainable goals 9; https://www.kit.nl/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/E_SDG-goals_icons-individual-rgb-09.png San Diego convention centre; https://amadeus.com/content/dam/amadeus/images/en/air-transportation/airports/airlines-terminal-walkway.jpg.transform/small/img.jpg

Man on scooter; https://assurissimo.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Trottinette-%C3%A9lectrique-assurance.jpg Great city Chengdu; https://www.europeanarch.eu/assets/urban_planning_GGD2014/Chengdu%20Great%20City%202.jpg National Geographic; https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2019/04/

see-sustainable-future-city-designed-for-people-and-nature/

Great city Chengdu; https://www.europeanarch.eu/assets/urban_planning_GGD2014/Chengdu%20Great%20City%202.jpg Toyota Woven City; https://techcrunch.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/toyota-woven-city-7.jpg?w=730&crop=1 Hong Kong skyline; https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1518599807935-37015b9cefcb?ixlib=rb-1.2.1&q=80&fm=jpg&crop=entr opy&cs=tinysrgb&w=1080&fit=max&ixid=eyJhcHBfaWQiOjEyMDd9

Shanghai Tower; https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/100k0y000000lyrndBA90.jpg?proc=source%2Ftrip Linked Hybrid; https://stevenholl.sfo2.digitaloceanspaces.com/uploads/projects/project-images/IwanBaan_ LinkedHybrid_08-103349_WV.jpg

Hanging City; https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56e6a651cf80a14323d2c0ff/1544093324690-501P7M30DCDOLI1JIKW9/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kNiEM88mrzHRsd1mQ3bxVct7gQa3H78H3Y0txjaiv_0fDoOvxcdMm MKkDsyUqMSsMWxHk725yiiHCCLfrh8O1z4YTzHvnKhyp6Da-NYroOW3ZGjoBKy3azqku80C789l0s0XaMNjCqAzRibjnE_ wBlkZ2axuMlPfqFLWy-3Tjp4nKScCHg1XF4aLsQJlo6oYbA/SQUAREONE_HANGING+CITY_FOR_URBAN+HUB4. jpg?format=1000w

The Interlace piktogram; https://urban-hub.com/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/The-Interlace-by-OMA_diagram-small.png The Interlace; https://i.pinimg.com/originals/36/d8/48/36d848aad523a34aa1cfeba78cc70108.jpg

Vertical Magnetic Levitation; Let’s do this, 2017. Vertical Magnetic Levitation Science Experiment.; https://youtu.be/ EOFKhwjM69E?t=41

Maglev infographic; https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/xdiagram-final.jpg.pagespeed.ic.r-G0smA8hy.webp Audi Airbus concept; https://dronelife.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Pop.Up_copyright-Italdesign.jpg Maglev train; https://inlinetekh.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/235/2019/05/maxresdefault-2-990x557.jpg Monorail train; https://live.staticflickr.com/5030/5606545902_e4e1a1db2f_b.jpg

Hanging city pictogram; http://sq-1.dk/hanging-city

# URL

Thyssenkrupp multi 2; https://icdn2.digitaltrends.com/image/digitaltrends/maglev-elevator.jpg Skypod; https://miro.medium.com/max/2880/1*bWZRYmjpqnXb-sSBZJPepg.png

Building on blue background; https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1564996163095-fd24ee4fcf33?ixlib=rb-1.2.1&q=80&fm=jpg&crop=entropy&cs=tinysrgb&w=10 80&fit=max

Green cityscape; https://media3.architecturemedia.net/site_media/media/cache/71/38/7138b06cd47bd5a2344b0da590683d7a.jpg Lingkong SOHO; https://66.media.tumblr.com/95b639adfe30637cf1c6d31b20104940/tumblr_pe2m97MwVH1sp7yago1_1280.jpg SEB bank headquarters; https://cdn-img-feed.streeteasy.com/nyc/image/19/384237219.jpg

Transdev; https://cdn.transdev.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Transdev-navette-autonome-i-Cristal-TORC-1920x768.jpg

Thyssenkrupp elevator; https://www.thyssenkruppelevadores.com.br/blog/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/RS158005_RS158005_Hotel-Juan-Carlos-1-0984-hpr. jpg

Huawei shuttle; https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcTzKu9kw9jqZhso_tsrYdsDytVKF28Yn-tSvLC5vQtPzATofAnY&usqp=CAU Glass balcony; https://i.pinimg.com/originals/84/36/3e/84363ea4e73d8a4c8b3ec7731a701cd0.jpg

RESEARCH

RESEARCH PRESENTATION

KICK OFF MIDWAY PRESENTATION PROCESS GATEWAY

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

JAN FEB MAR APR

BUDGET TOTAL SEK RESEARCH RESOURCES MODEL BOOKLET SOFTWARE 3D PRINTS SCALE MODEL X10 X4POSTERS STAND PRINTING POST -IT’S COFFEE PAPER MOCK UPS LITERATURE UID 20 300 2800 2000 500 1780 130 750 900 4000 2000 1400 1600 4750 2350 2000 400 13330/2

PROCESS GATEWAY EXAMINATIONS

DESIGN T

ALK

S

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23