American Carnation Society

(1)

~

325-27 CHERRY

AMERICAN

STREET

CARNATION

PHILADELPHIA,

PA.19106

SOCIETY

AREA CODE 215

WA 3-1640

ANDREW H. STRANG

EXECUTIVE SECRETARY-TREASURER

AUGUST - NEWSLETTER - 1971 BLOOMINGTON, MINN.

The Society of American Florists held a successfUl 87th annual

convention July 24-28, 1971 at the new Radisson South Hotel here in Bloomington (Minneapolis) Minnesota with an attendance estimated at about zoo.

The new by~laws changes, which were adopted unanimously, create three new divigions under the structure of SAF -- for Growers, Retailers and Wholesalers. The new setup, under discussion for more than a year, is expected to make the National organization more responsive to the needs of its individual segments.

The new SAF president is Everett Conklin, Everett Conklin & Co~, Montvale, N. J., who has been vice-presiden~ The vice-president is now James

v.

Vosters, Vosters Nurseries & Greenhouses, Inc., Miami, Fla. John H. Walker continues as executive head of the organization's paid staff, with title changed to executive vice-president.

Mrs~ Frances Jones Poetker, Jones the Florist, Cincinnati, Ohio, was elected a retail director to fill a vacancy~ Mrs. Poetker, widely known as a design school commentator, is active in the American Academy of Florists.

The following growers were elected to the Board of Directorsa Robert R! Hall, Robert R. Hall, Inc., Encinitas~ Calif.J Raymond B. Crowleyi Crowley Bros., Inc., Littleton, Colorado; (past-president of the

American Carnation Society) and M. James .Leider, Tropical Plant Rentals; Inc., and M, Leider & Sons, Inc~; Prairie View, Illinois~ The 1971-72 advertising plans of the American Florists Marketing Council was presented in detail. Here are some highlights:

AFMc•·s fall :flower and plant national advertising plans include a month-long series o:f television commercials during September on the ABC Television Network Evening News Show. Three commercials that sell flowers and plants :for home and office will be seen by viewers of the ABC Evening News every weekday except Labor Day throughout September. It is estimated that by the end o:r September; m~~ than 140,ooo;ooo potential customers will have seen the commercials.

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AUGUST - NEWSLETTER - 1971 s!A.F~ Convention (continued)

PAGE 2

-"AFMC will tap the

$40o,ooo,ooo

business gift market with a compJ:ete advertising/sales promotion campaign in leading national business-oriented·· magazines. The specific target is the lucrative holiday business-gift market. Full color flower and plant ads will appear in Business Week, Fortune, Time and 28 various McGraw-Hill business publications. The nat~onal~iness ad will possibly include a · · telephone number that readers can call from anywhere in the nation--at any time and nation--at no cost --linking them with the AFMC retail

florists nearest them. Seventeen Magazine

AFMC will expose flowers and plants to another new market: the impressionable, about-to-be-married young female market through the

6,·

zoo, 000

readers of Seventeen magazine. The marketing council will merchandise a multi-page fashion and flower section on a joint cost basis with Dupont, reaching the ever-growing youth campus fashion market~"

A tour of the tremendous Bachman enterprises in the Twin Cities area was a convention highlight. Those who went on it are still stunned after seeing what some people in our industry believe is "the trend of tomorrow" in flower merchandising. Cash and carry "European flower markets" in many supermarkets is only one phase of this highly successful operation. The modern methods used in growing

and buying, in receiving and filling orders, in scheduling deliveries,· etc., were highly impressive. Members of the Bachman family acted as tour guides and refreshments wero provided at several points. TELEFLORA DELIVERY SERVICE, INC.

July 16, 1971 Dear Andy:

We have just recently concluded our 1971 Conference and one of the highlights was our Sunday night dinner. Providing an absolutely gorgeous background for this affair were the carnations your organization so graciously donated to us.

Will you please extend to the officers and directors of ACS the sincere thanks of TELEFLORA for this most generous gesture. We publicized

your contribution during the Conference and we plan to give your organization additional recognition in the September issue of SPIRIT Magazine.

Again, Andy, many thanks.

C A R N A T I 0 N S D 0

Best personal regards, Robert E. Johnson

Executive Vice President LAS T L 0 N G E R

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AUGUST - NEWSLETTER - 1971 DROP-OUTS AND DROPPED MEMBERS!

PAGE

3

-Never scorn drop-outs or just feel sorry for them. They are a

challenge to our collective ability, one that must be heeded because they drag down our economy. Welfare payments and unemployment

insurance are only part of their cost to society. We are also poorer because of their lost potential, i.e., what they would have contributed, had they only stuck things out. It's everybody's business to help them get reoriented and productively employed.

Associations are like society in that respect. Our drop-outs are the former members who are still eligible to belong. They joined for awhile, then failed to renew. When they dropped out, we lost much more than their dues. Had they stayed in, how much more effective our group would have been!

Getting them back into harness isn't simple. As any membership

committee can confirm, it's easier to recruit a beginner or a newcomer in the field, than to get a former member back aboard. Why? Because he quit for a reason, and that lingering objection has to be overcome before he will consider reaffiliating.

Getting his real reason out on the table can be 90 per cent of the job. "Too busy for conventiuns • • • No time to read bulletins • • •

Better use for the money." These are stock answers that serve to

cover up (1) failure to make friends among the members, (2) resentment over a snub, actual or imagined; (3) rejection of a prized idea or suggestion; (4) disapproval of some isolated tactic or position, or (5) .a personality conflict with some officer, chairman or key member.

If we lacked good answers to such complaints, we'd have no association today. Half the reinstatement battle is won when the truth comes

out. Reaching that point may take time and patience, but persistence normally pays off in the end.

As a rule, winning back a drop-out is a one-man assignment, Keeping him is a job for us all.

~~---~---~---WORTH WRITING FOR

--" TRANSPORT AND HANDLING OF CARNATIONS CUT IN THE BUD STAGE ---POTENTIAL ADVANTAGES " Single copies for sale by the

Superin-tendent of Documents,

u.

S, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. 20402. 15 ¢ each. Marketing Research Report No. 899.

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AUGUST - NEWSLETTER - 1971 COLORADO GROWERS OFFJCERS

Colorado Flower Growers Association held its 15th annual meeting on June 24 and re-elected Charles T. Haley, president of Pikes Peak Greenhouses, as its president for the coming year. Ray

Kitayama of Colorado Florad Products, Brighton, Colorado, was elected vice-president.

The highlight of the annual meeting was the presentation of awards. The Distinguished Service Award, which is presented to the

outstanding man in the industry, was presented to Roger Weakland, Roger Weakland Greenhouses, Denver.

Mr,

Weakland has served on various committees for the Colorado Flower Growers and has been a leader nationally in SAF and other groups, He is presently serving as chairman of the national AFMC program.

Mr.

Weakland was oitod for his contribution to the industry over a number of years.

The Community Service Award was presented to John Byerly. preside~t of Lehrer's Flowers, for his work in the industry and as a commun~ty leader in the Denver area.

Mr.

Byerly is presently-serving his

second term as a state legislator.

The Best Friend of the Industry Award was presented to Dr. Ralph "Tex" Baker, pathological researcher at Colorado State University, for contributions to the floral industry,

An honorary J.ife membership was presented to Cliff Mann of Cliff Mann Floral Design School, Denver.

COLOMBIAN CARNATIONS WIN HONORS AT CHELSEA SHOW

Carnations from Colombia won a silver medal for excellence at the annual Chelsea Flower Show in England this year and nobody is

happier than Harmon Brown, general manager of Sunburst Farms, Inc. Sunburst grows carnations in Colombia and ships them throughout

the United States.

"I was most gratified at learning recently how well Colombian blooms fared in their first entrance in the s-tiff' oompeti tion at Chelsea,"

Mr.

Brown said.

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ApGUST - NEWSLETTER - 1971 SEASONABLE SUGGESTIONS TIMELY ADVICE TO GROWERS CARNATIONS

There is little doubt of the popularity of carnations. But it is doubtful that many persons have the slightest idea of the task it is to grow high-quality carnations. The problems are many.

Bacterial and fusarium wilt, the worst diseases, are severest during summer. Cooling systems have aided in disease control. Many growers use mother blocks, and many others buy cuttings from specialists who practice indoor culture throughout. This means that the soil can be steam-sterilized, and the grower can be sure of starting out with clean. healthy cuttings.

There are still carnation growers who prefer to start carnations outdoors after rooting the cuttings and establishing them in small peat pots. Such growers think they produce larger plants by growing them outdoors for a period, that's debatable. But the grower who

uses this system can save himself much disease trouble by constructing beds outdoors that can be sterilized. Rigid sanitation must be

practiced from stock plants to blooming plants.

If either fusarium or bacterial wilt appears in a grower's benches, the diseased plants should be removed immediately. Also, the soil should be removed from around them and the surrounding area treated with ferbam, Semesan or zineb. Another serious disease of carnations

is rhizoctonia stem rot. Affected plants should be removed and Semesan applied at trerate of two pounds to 100 gallons of water, one quart to a square foot being used. A wetting agent should be used with the fungicide, and the plants should be sprayed about once a week.

A miticide should be added to every second application of the

aforementioned treatment to control red spiders. Thrips, too, will need control, and this can be done with parathion, lindane or

malathion. Any of these materials should be used in place of the miticide, not with it.

There are many ways of pinching carnations, but probably one of the biggest mistakes is pinching the plants too low, thereby giving them too great a setback. When a grower is directly benching

rooted cuttings or planting them in a nurse bed and then transplanting them, the first pinch is usually made one month after benching.

The second pinch should come when the new shoots are eight to 10 inches high. The grower preferring the pinch-and-a-half system

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AUGUST - NEWSLETTER - 1971 CARNATIONS (Continued)

PAGE 6

-should pinch back only about half of the new breaks on the second pinch.

Using a single-pinch method, the grower can judge fairly close

when some varieties will peak when the single pinch is made at certain dates. For example:

Pinching in early January produces a crop that will peak in midJune, requiring 24 weeks; a .late January pinch will peak in late June in

23 weeks; an early February pinch will peak in early July in 22 weeks; a late February pinch will peak in midJuly in 20 weeks; a midMarch pinch will peak in late July in 18 weeks; a midApril pinch will peak in early August in 16 weeks; a midMay pinch will peak in late

August early September in 15 weeks; a midJune pinch will peak in late September-early October in 16 weeks; a July 1 pinch will peak in early November in 18 weeks; a midJuly pinch will peak in early December in 20 weeks; an early August pinch will peak in January in 22 weeks; a late August pinch will peak in February in 24 weeks; a late September pinch will peak in late March in

26

weeks; an October pinch will peak in April in

26

weeks; an early November pinch will peak in early May in

26

weeks, and an early December pinch will peak in late May in

25

weeks.

On crops that bloom July to September, a pinch and a half will delay the production approximately two weeks and about four weeks on

crops that bloom from February to April.

Carnations need shade during the hot months and should be kept as cool as possible. Plenty of ventilation is always the rule. Summer carnations will be drastically reduced in size if allowed

to suffer from drought.

(Reprinted from Florists• Review, July 22, 1971)

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..,..

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..._

_________________ _

BELLMORE, NEW YORK

Jacob Gunther, 85, retired carnation grower, North Bellmore, died July 28. Mr. Gunther, who emigrated from Germany at the age of 19, turned over his business to his son-in-law, Robert White, in 1958. He was active in the New York Florists' Club, local school board committees and veterans' groups.

The American Carnation Society extends its most heartfelt sympathy to tle Gunther family. "Jake" was a active member for many years.

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AUGUST - NEWSLETTER - 1971

PHOTOPERIODIC CONTROL OF CARNATIONS DURING NURSE-BED STAGE

Presented by: Elena Garibaldi and R.

w.

Langhans

PAGE 7

-ABSTRACT: The 1-crop method of growing carnations has posed several questions. One of the questions concerns the long-range effect of photoperiod when controlled during the early stages. Handling of rooted cuttings is important, and the success of this method depends on the early stages. This work again shows the value of using a nurse bed for the first few weeks and that there is no apparent photoperiodic effect during this stage,

Many carnation and other cut flower growers are trying the 1-crop method (1,2). The general method includes planting the rooted cuttings about four months before the desired holiday, pinching and pruning three or four stems per plant, using an 18-hour photo-period from the pinch date until the flower buds are the size of a pea and

55

to 60-degree Fahrenheit night temperatures. The other cultural methods are normal.

It appears that nurse bedding the cuttings can conserve greenhouse space and improve efficiency of watering and other jobs. This was tried and proved successful as reported (3). The question arose as to the effect of photoperiod in this early stage.

METHODS AND MATERIALS---On July 14, 1969, 240 rooted cuttings of the carnation Cardinal Sim were potted in 3-inch peat pots and placed pot to pot on a greenhouse bench. The greenhouse temperatures were set for 60 degrees night and 70 degrees day,

Table 1~ Description of treatments No~ of weeks

in nurse-bed ₁ after the pinch

0 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 Photoperiod

during nurse bed LD LD ND ND LD LD ND ND LD LD ND ND Photoperiod after planting

LD2

ND3 LD ND LD ND LD ND LD ND LD ND LD ND Treatment designation LD control ND control 1 LD-LD 1 LD-ND 1· .. ND-J,"D 1 NJ).iotNtD 2 LD-LD 2 LD-ND 2 ND-LD 2 ND-ND 3 LD-LD 3 LD-ND 3 ND-LD 3 ND-ND C A R N A T I 0 N S D 0 L A S T L 0 N G E R

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AUGUST - NEWSLETTER - 1971 PHOTOPERIODIC CONTROL OF CARNATIONS (continued) Table 1. Description of treatment. (continued) No. of weeks

PAGE 8

-in nurse-bed

after the pinch1 Photoperiod during nurse bed after planting Photoperiod Treatment designation 4 4 4 4 LD LD ND ND LD ND LD ND

4

LD-LD 4 LD-ND 4 ND-LD

4

ND-ND l. The cuttings were potted l week before the pinch.

2. LD - long days - 18 hr. photoperiods.

3. ND - natural day lengths - starting July 21 when the natural day length was approximately 15 hrs.

Table 2~ The number of days to flower when nurse bed grown for various weeks under long or natural photoperiods.

Weeks··-~n nurse-bed after pinch Control 1 2 3 4 LD-LD*

ll3YaZ

116 a 120 ab 118 ab 122 ab Treatments · LD-ND ND-LD 168f 165£ 158 def 143 ode 116 a 127 abc 140 bed 131 abc *designation of treatments from Table 1.

ND-ND 162 ef 156 def 168 f 163 ef 157 def . **

F calc

=

30.668 (statistically significant at 1% level) F tab

=

2.04

y • Mean of 36 replications

z • Values followed by the same let~er do not differ statistically where results were analyzed by Tukey's procedure at 1% level of confidence.

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PHOTOPERIODIC CONTROL OF CARNATIONS (Continued)

PAGE 9

-Table 3. The stem length in centimeters of the flower stems from plants grown for various weeks in a nurse bed under long or natural photoperiod. Weeks in nurse-bed Treatments after pinch LD-LD* LD-ND ND-LD ND-ND Control 70.1 Yabcdz 78.4 ef 1 68,3 ab 78.0 ef 68.3 ab 75.2 bcdef 2 65.8 a 79.3 f 67.4 a 76.7 cdef . 3 67.1 a 75.7 bcdef 67.1 a 75.4 bcdef

4 70.6 abcde 69.7 abc 69.1 abc 77.6 def

* designation of treatments from Table 1,

F calc = 10.687** (statistically significant at 1% level) F tab = 2,04

y = Mean of 36 replications

z

=

Values followed by the same letter do not differ statistically where results were analyzed by Tukey•s procedure at 1% level of confidence,

Table 4; The mean grade of the ·flowers cut from plants grown for

various weeks in a nurse bed under long or natural photoperiod.

Weeks .. ·in nurse-bed after pinch Control 1 2 3 4 LD-LD* 2.97 3,00 2.75 2.90 2.83 Treatments LD-ND ND-LD 2.70 2.64 2.83 2.92 3.19 2.97 2.86 3.03 * designation of treatments from Table 1.

F calc

=

1.791 N.

s.

F tab

=

2, 04 C A R N A T I 0 N S D 0 L A S T L 0 N G E R ND-ND 2.86 2.78 2.83 2.61 2.89

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PAGE 10

-During the summer these values were not reached, although the greenhouse was cooled by pads and fans that maintained house temperatures about the same as outside temperatures.

Half of the pots (120) were placed under natural day length

(approximately 15 hours at the start of study to 12 hours on October 6 when the lighting treatments were stopped), and the other half was placed under long days of 18 hours of light, The photoperiod was achieved by 60-watt incandescent lamps spaced three feet apart and four feet above the soil. The lamps were turned on at 4z30 pm and off at 10, After six hours of darkness, lights were turned on at 4 am until 8, Side curtains were pulled around the benches to prevent light from shining on the other plants.

The soil mixture was two parts steam-pasteurized soil, one part sphagnum peat moss and one part perlite. Superphosphaste and 10-10-10 fertilizer were initially mixed into the soil. The plants were

. fertilized at every watering at the rate of 200 parts per million nitrogen and 200 ppm potassium. The plants were watered as required, The plants were pinched July 21 to four pairs of leaves and later pruned to three shoots per plant.

One;· two, three or four weeks after pinching, the peat-potted planta from each photoperiod were planted 6x6 inches in a greenhouse bench• Half of the plants from the long day treatments were planted under long day conditions, and the other half, under natural conditions. The same treatments were used for these plants from the natural day nurse bed (half to the long day and half to the natural day). The treatments are shown in table 1.

The data recorded are number of days to flower, stem length and flower grade (as determined by the SAF grading system and mean grade

determined by giving a value to each grade--blue, 4; green 2, and yellow, l--and averaging values of the cut flowers). The data were statistically analyzed.

RESULTS--Table 2 indicates the time taken to flower the plants grown

under the various treatments. There is a significant difference

in the number of days to flower between the two controlsz LD and

NDi 113 days versus 162 days. There appear to be two groupings of the treatments this observation is borne out by the statistics~

The data in columns LD-LD and ND-LD are the same as data in columns

LD-ND and ND-ND. This indicates that the photoperiod given during

the nurse bed period. has no effect.

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PAGE 11

-The stem lengths for the crop are given in table

3,

and the results are the same as seen in the number of days to flower. There are a significant difference between the LD and ND controls and a clear difference between the treatments that received

LD

or

ND

after

planting in the bench, but there was no effect of the photoperiod during the nurse bed period.

Table

4

indicates the mean grade of the flowers. and there was no significance between any of the treatments.

CONCLUSIONS--For anyone interested in using the 1-crop method of growing carnations there are real space and labor savings by using the nurse bed system. Previous work (3) indicated the plants

should not be left too long in the nurse bed or there would be a loss of quality and number of flowers and an increase in planting labor because of the plant size. This original work was not done under controlled photoperiod. This work shows that because the nurse bed period must be short there would be little value in trying to

control the photoperiod during this stage. After planting in the bench there was a definite benefit in controlling photoperiod. The use of long days in this case caused earlier flowering by at least one month without any loss of grade.

Literature cited

(1) Langhans, R.

w.

1968. "One Crop" Carnation Production. New York State Flower Growers Bul. 272:1.

(2) Langhans, R.

w.

1968. Photoperiod, Temperature and Light ·

Intensity Effect "One Crop" Carnations, NYS Fl. Grow. Bul. 273:1-2,4~ (3) Langhans, R.

w.,

and J. Kumpf. 1970, Nurse-bed "One Crop"

Carnations. NYS fl. Grow, Bul. 293:1-2.

EDITOR'S NOTE: Elena Garibaldi is presently at the Institute of Floriculture, University of Torino, Italy, and R.

w.

Langhans is professor of floriculture, Cornell University Ithaca, N.Y. Cuttings courtesy Yoder Brothers, Barberton,

o.

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,....-THE SOCIETY WELCOMES A NEW MEMBER

MR. RICHARD GOODALE

Goodale Manufacturing Company

25

Grove Street

Watsonville, California

95076

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AUGUST - NEWSLETTER - 1971 ONE GuY'S GLANCE

PAGE 12

...

Presented by: Alvi

o.

Voigt, Economist Pennsylvania State University STANDARD CARNATIONS

Thirty-six per cent· of all standard carnation producers had gross sales over $15,000--and this 36 per cent of the growers sold

95

per cent of all the carnations. This figured to be about 617 carnation growers who were responsible for all but five per cent of carnation production.

The average size of these 617 growers would be 954,000 blooms per grower. (All the remaining 1100 growers of standard carnations, having sales less than $15,000, produced only five per cent of the 23-state production.)

Going further, the 617 growers averaging 954,000 blooms would also average $66,780 if each received the 23-state average wholesale price of

7-3

cents.

MINIATURE CARNATIONS

Only 44 miniature carnation growers or 10 per cent sold two-thirds of all the production. The average size of the 44 growers would be 38.700 bunches~ or $38,700 at a dollar a bunch wholesale value.

An increase of 18 per cent occurred in miniature production in 1969-70, as well as an increase of 14 per cent in the number of growers

producing miniatures.

In the case of standard carnations there was only a one per cent production increase in 1969-70 along with a decrease in the number of growers of five per cent.

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LATIN AMERICAN TOUR - FALL 1972. American Carnation growers visit your ne~ghbors and see what the future might be for the CARNATION. Guided tour by A.c.s. associates, experienced travelers, cost and itinerary available very shortly. If interested pleased notify the A.c.s. office at once and state number of persons,

~AWAIIAN TOUR - MARCH 10-17, 1972

Post convention leisure trip to Honolulu, One week of fun and rest at the Royal Hawaiian Hotel - leave Los Angeles day after the Las Vegas convention. No tiring tours one luncheon meeting (deduction) -cost

$375.00

per person,

Please notify the A.c.s. at once and state number of persons. C A R N A T I 0 N S D 0 L A S T L 0 N G E R (THE ABOVE PROPOSED TOURS ARE NOT FINALIZED - PLEASE NOTIFY)

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AMERICAN

CARNATION

SOCIETY

32!5- 27 CHERRY STREET PHIL..ADEL..PHIA, PA. 19106 AREACODE21!5 WA 3-1640 ANDREW H. STRANG

SEPTEMBER - NEWSLETTER - 1971 ~

WASHINGTON, D.C.

On September 1 and 2, 1971, the Society of American Florists and the Florists' Transworld Delivery Association co-sponsored a very

impressive Marketing Workshop For Commercial Floriculture which was held in the International Ballroom-West, The Washington Hilton Hotel, Washington, D. C.

The Agenda for the Outlook Conference on Future Development and

Expansion of Statistical, Marketing and Related Economic Research and Information Services was well planned and prepared by Truman Fossum,

F.T.D. Research Consultant and Gordon Smith, Edward Gottlieb & Associates with the wonderful cooperation of the S.A.F. and F.T.D.

Management Staffs.

There were about 100 participants on the Marketing Workshop for Commercial Floriculture program with the Department of Agriculture

presenting the largest number of representatives. The Extension Services had eighteen States represented with a delegate from Hawaii.

The Honorable Nathan Chandler, Commissioner, Department of Agriculture, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts was the principal speaker at the

luncheon held on September 1, 1971, honoring the Founders of Floricultural Economics.

The first day included reports and discussion of the past, and present activities relating to economic information on Commercial Floriculture

Agencies involved were the Bureau of the Census (Agricultural, Business

and Foreign Trade Divisions); the Statistical Reporting, Plant

Quarantine and Inspection Service; Federal-State Market News Services; Federal-State Standardization and Inspection Services; and Market

Quality, Transportation and Facilities Research.

On the second day, discussions centered around research needed to fill gaps and correct deficiencies in presently available marketing

information and services. Research-Information Services Panels were formed for Growers, Retailers, Wholesalers, International Trade,

Management, Consumer, Trade Press, Legislative Activity and Advertising and Public Relations. Their proposals were presented for summation and Plan for Action by Bernie Hillen, President F.T.D. and Everett Conklin, President S.A.F.

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,... ' 1'" 'C

SEPTEMBER - NEWSLETTER - 12?1 CARNATION ENCOURAGEMENT AWARD (Continued)

2. After January 1st, Research Committee Chairman to mail names of all eligible nominees for this given year to members of the research Committee. The members of the Research Committee shall mail their vote to the Research Chairman on or before February 1st.

). Tabulation of votes to be made by Chairman and presented to

the first board meeting at the Annual Meeting for approval by the Board of Directors.

4- Awards to be made at the Banquet at the Annual Meeting. If Recipient is not present, Secretary will send award to said person and at the s·ame time notify the donor of the award. WHEAT RIDGE, COLORADO

The Wheat Ridge (Colorado) Chamber of Commerce honored Davis Brothers Florists on its 50th anniversary by the presentation of a Community Service Award.

Three days of celebration began with a special open house for the

Chamber. More than 350 members were in attendance, plus Davis Brothers personnel and special guests.

c.

of

c.

Manager Mike Boorman, presented the award.

Davis Brothers Management consists of - Mel Davis, President; Ron Davis, Vice-President and General Manager; Keith Davis, Treasurer and Kent Davis, Secretary and Director of Grower Services.

The other two days were crowded with well-wishers and congratulatory messages and bouquets from all over the United States. Retailers, wholesalers, members of the Colorado Flower Growers Association, suppliers, professional consultants, were numbered among those who attended personally.

The "Roaring Twenties" theme enlivened the events. Over 50 Davis Brothers key personnel hosted in costume of various kinds. A special "speakeasy" room -- complete with murals, bar and piano player provided the party atmosphere. Nearby were two antique autos to add period

color and nostalgia, as did special displays of Davis Brothers' beginnings. There were also lavish floral decorations with samples of new carnation varieties and tints.

Davis Brothers Florists had its beginning in 1921. It was started by three Davis Brothers-- R. T., John R. and Leslie Davis who returned to Colorado following World War I. From a greenhouse operation of

four units and a lean-to, it progressed a few years later into wholesale shipping of other growers' flowers. From this small beginning, it has expanded into an international distributorship of Colorado carnations, Colorado roses and other cut flowers.

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SEPTEMBER - NEWSLETTER - 1971 RESEARCH - RESEARCH - RESEARCH

PAGE 4

-The American Carnation Society has requested the cooperation of the seventy-four different research workers in 48 different departments of 30 research institutions across the United States who are presently engaged in 119 different research projects involving carnations. These dedicated persons have contributed to the American Carnation Society's Biannual Research Survey.

Most of our research articles in the A.c.s. Newsletter have been the result of this recent request. More material is on file and will be published whenever feasible.

RUTGERS UNIVERSITY - NEW BRUNSWICK₁ N. J.

Report by - John N. Sacalis, Instructor in Floriculture

I'm pleased to be able to state that we have just completed some research in the area of post-harvest physiology which did result in some interesting information concerning the movement of sugar through the stems and into the flowers of cut carnations.

We have noticed during the past few years that the shelf-life of

both roses and carnations could be extended considerably with just the addition of sucrose or ordinary table sugar to the water. Of course, care had to be taken to keep the solutions absolutely sterile. The enhancement of shelf-life by added sucrose was always much greater in carnations than in roses, and so we started to investigate the

possibility that the movement of sucrose in carnations was characteristically different from its movement in roses.

To trace the movement, we pulsed the flowers with a sucrose radioisotppe for a sh·ort period, and then allowed the flowers to take up just water for a 24-hour period.

We found the following:

1. Immediately after the pulse, most of the material selectively moves to the leaves and stems in both carnations and roses, but little moves to the flowers ..

2. During the 24 hours following the pulse, the radioactive material gradually moves from the stems and leaves, into the flower heads.

3.

Although roses showed no decrease in translocation to the flower with age, movement of sucrose to the carnation flowers decreased with age. Freshly harvested carnations readily moved the sucrose to the flower heads af'ter being pulsed, but carnations pulsed when they were

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..

.

SEPTEMBER - NEWSLETTER - 1971

~ ~·

-

PAGE

5

RESEARCH - RESEARCH - RESEARCH (Continued)

three days old exhibited little movement into the flower heads during the 24 hours following the pulsep most of the sucrose remaining in the stems!

4.

In roses at least, practically all of the movement from the leaves and stems to the flower heads took place in the phloem tissue, as

shown by girdling experiments. The avenue of movement in carnations has not yet been determined.

If we are able to project these results to the movement of floral

preservatives in carnations, one would conclude that these preservatives may be more efficiently transported in carnation flowers if they are treated as shortly as possible after harvest.

WHAT'S FROZEN?

Unofficial word from Washington (nothing yet in print as this Bulletin is prepared) is that "Plant material", presumably including cut

flowers and living plants, is exempt from price control under the new wage-price freeze. Of course, this exemption would not cover other types of merchandise sold by florists, such as gifts, greeting cards·• pottery; etc. Presumably there are "gray areas" where fresh flowers and living plants are combined with other items~ We are awaiting further word for clarification. Rules and regulations issued so far are very general.

~---~---~---~---~---!VERY MEMBER BRING A

MEMBER --- WHERE ?

TO LAS VEGAS, NEVEDA --- WHY ?

TO ATTEND THE AMERICAN CARNATION SOC~ETY CONVENTION AT THE GLAMEROUS HOTEL SAHARA ON THE FAMOUS STRIP.

REMEMBER THE DATE --- MARCH

6

9. 197.2

PRIZES PRIZES FOR THE MEMBER WHO BRINGS THE MOST • C A R N A T I 0 N S D 0 L A S T L 0 N G E R

(17)

-

PAGE 6

THE VALUE OF USING CHEMICAL SOLUTIONS FOR CARNATION CONDITIONING AND

BUD

OPENING .

By& D,

s.

Farnham, Charles Barr and A. fi~ }\aleyy*

Over the years many research workers have used chemical solutions

(preservatives~

in experiments. The value of these solutions varied with the plant species, the season, the location and the type of solution used. Recently there has been renewed interest in chemical solutions for opening carnations harvested at the bud stage. In wost of the large-scale experiments, the commercial solution Everbloom was used (3) at 1.4 percent (2 oz/gal). These experiments revealed that carnation flowers cut at the bud stage could be opened in solution to approximately the same size as flowers opened in the greenhouse. It was sometimes claimed that vase life of these flowers was similar to that of freshly cut flowers. Recently experiments in Israel showed that using chemical solutions with high sugar concentration (up to 12 percent) for carnation bud opening produced flowers that were larger

in size and kept better than freshly harvested flowers. Vase life of these flowers was determined by placing the sterns in water and not in the chemical solutions. Table 1 demonstrates results of representative Israeli experiments

(5),

It can be seen from this table that the

higher the sugar concentration, the earlier flower buds attained

marketable size, the larger the flower, and the longer the vase life. In later Israeli experiments it was found for most carnation varieties (including miniatures) that 10 percent sugar is an adequate

concentration. The other chemical ingredients of the solution and

their concentration were also verified in many large-scale experiments, Experiments were conducted at Watsonville to demonstrate the practical value of solutions for short-term carnation conditioning and bud

opening, The initial trial in March 1971 was designed to compare distilled water and tap water solutions for opening Scania buds. However, earlier experiments were conducted to compare bud opening solutions containing 200 ppm 8-quinolinol citrate (QC),

25

ppm silver nitrate, and

50

ppm aluminum sulfate with a few commercial preservatives In addition to the solution, we used a water control and the commercial product EverbloomR, This commercial product was chosen because in

earlier experiments (4) it was found that EverbloomR was the most useful commercial preservative for opening carnation buds. This product was also used for large-scale carnation bud opening

experiments by the USDA (2,3).

In the Watsonville experiments, where EverbloomR was compared with the chemical solution mentioned earlier, the chemical solution was superior to EverbloomR at any given sugar concentration, Therefore, to simplify matters only the results of the chemical solution treatments will be presented in most tables. Table 2 compares the vase life of flowers opening in EverbloomR to that of flowers opened in chemical solution at Watsonville.

(18)

-

PAGE 7

THE VALUE OF USING CHEMICAL SOLUTIONS FOR CARNATION CONDITIONING (cont) Table 1~ Quality and Longevity of Carnations (CV, Red Sim)

Harvested at the Bud Stage and Opened in Solution With Various Concentrations Rehovot Israel 1969

Sugar Treatment Control -commercial harvest Opened in water Opened in 6% sugar Opened in 9% sugar Opene_d in 12% sugar Marketable Flowers After

5

Days 60 70

95

98 of 70 62 84 86 88 ongev~ty (Days) 9.2

5.6

10,3 11.5 12,4 Longevity was measured in water and was considered from the day the flowers were transferred to water after opening in the solution. The solutions contained, in addition to sugar, 200 ppm 8-quinolinol

citrate,

25

50

ppm aluminum from aluminum sulfate. Table is from Mayak et al 1970 (5)

Table 2. Comparative Effect of EverbloomR and a Bud Opening Solution on Vase Life of Scania Carnationl

Experiment No~ 1 1 2 2 Percent StM?i~r

2.5

lo.o3

2.5

lo.o3 EverbloomR 7.3 8,0

5.5

4.8 Vase-Life Days Opening Solution2 11.5 13.0 10.5 11.5

1 Vase life was determined in tap water after opening in the indicated solution.

2 Opening solution consists of 200 ppm 8-quinolinol citrate,

25

ppm silver nitrate~ and

50

ppm aluminum sulfate in deionized water. 3

2%

Everbloom~ plus 8% sugar in deionized water,

(19)

SEPTEMBER - NEWSLETTER - 12?,~

1:Mill.

8 THE VALUE OF USING CHEMICAL SOLUTIONS FOR CARNATION (Cont) EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES AtiD RESULTS

The value of short-term conditioning treatment to carnation flowers cut at the commercial stage

Procedures used. Overnight conditioning of open carnation flowers is

a feasible practice under current marketing methods. White Pike's Peak carnations were selected from the grading shed on April 13, 1971 and stems cut to an 18-inch length. The flowers were put for 24 hours

into distilled water or opening solutions containing various

concentrations of sugar. During flower conditioning as well as during later vase-life determinations, the flowers were subjected to uncontroll~

room temperature usually about 700F and diffused daylight. No

supplementary night light was applied. After conditioning the flowers were transferred to a packing box for 24 hours to simulate shipment~

Flowers were removed from the packing box and each bloom placed in

individual glass containers containing tap water4 Stems were not

recut when placed in the tap water. Vase life was determined from the date flowers were placed in tap water until senescence occurred~

Initial curling of petals was used as a sign of senescence and termination of vase life.

Results.· The vase life of the White Pike • s Peak flowers was increased by short-term use of the chemical solution alone, and progressively longer vase life was obtained with the increase in the percent of sugar in the solution up to 10 percent (table 3),

Table 3~ Effect of 24-Hour Conditioning of White Pike's Peak Carnations Cut at the Commercial Stage on Vase Life of Flowersl (Sunbay Farms,

Watsonville, California, April 1971)

Treatment White Pike's Peak cut 4/lJ/71, stored Distilled Water

Average Vase Life (Days)2

Solution with Percent Sugar3

O%

5%

10%

4 14 1

.9

6.4

6.

•

10.0

1 Conditioning was done in d1st1 led water and var1ous solutions.

2 Commercially graded flowers selected from packing shed. Flowers

placed overnight in containers of solutions, Placed in shipping box for 24 hours. Vase life determined after flowers were placed in tap water. Stems not recut at transfer.

J Solution of distilled water contained 200 ppm 8-quinolinol citrate,

25

50

ppm aluminum sulfate.

(20)

SEPTEMBER - NEWSLETTER - 1971 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES

AND

RESULTS (Cont)

These results indicate that even a short-term (overnight) conditioning of commercial harvested carnation flowers may greatly improve the

quality of the flowers. Growers should not always expect to have the degree of increased vase life achieved in this experiment but they may expect some improvement in most or all cases.

Effect of water quality and opening solutions on Scania carnation bud opening

Experiment 1

Procedures used. Scania buds for the experiment were cut from the greenhouse bench on March

5,

1971. Buds with petals extending ~ to J/8 inch above the calyxes were selected at random. Each treatment consisted of four single-flower replications. Each flower was placed in a separate glass bottle containing 250 ml of solution during the opening process. The solution volume was not adjusted while the experiment was in progress. During bud opening and vase-life determination, the flowers were subjected to uncontrolled room temperatures of approximately zoOF and diffused daylight. No

supplementary night light was applied. Flowers were transferred to glasS containers of tap water once the buds were judged to be open from a commercial standpoint. Vase life was determined from the date the flower was transferred to tap water until senescence occurr·ed. Results. The days of average vase life for the flowers in the experiment (table 4) show a distinct advantage for distilled water whether or not bud opening solution chemicals were used. The results are in line with those obtained by Waters (6) for roses, gladioli, and chrysanthemums and emphasize the importance of using distilled or deionized water for opening carnation buds. The tap water used

in~e present ex~eriments contained JO? ppm total salts,

.6

Me/L

chloride,

.9

Me/L sodium, and the pH was

6.5.

The detrimental effect of tap water on the vase life of carnation flowers may be expected to vary with the water source and also with the seasonal change in quality of water from the same source. Generally, growers having a water source with low total salts may get relatively good results with their tap water; growers that have water with higher total salts may get poorer results than those obtained with Watsonville tap water. The data in Table

4

also show that vase life was increased by adding bud opening chemicals and by increasing the sugar concentration up to 10 percent.

The rate of bud opening was also affected by the solution used and the sugar concentration. Data in table 5 show that buds opened more rapidly where bud-opening solutions were used. Some advantages were observed when chemicals were used without sugar. Buds in solutions containing 10 percent sugar opened more rapidly then buds in 2.5 percent sugar.

(21)

SEPTEMBER - NEWSLETTER - 1971 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES AND RESULTS (Cont)

~ 10

Table 4, Effect of Water Quality and Opening Solutions on Bud Opening and Vase Life of Scania Carnation Flowers (Sunbay Farms, Watsonville, California, March 1971)

Treatment 2 Distilled Water Buds cut 3/5/71 Open 3/11-3/15/71 Tap Water Buds cut

Days of Average Vase Life1

Water Alone

10.25

Opening Solution with Percent Sugar3 O% 10.75 11.50 10% 13.00 3/5/71 Open 3/11-3715/71 .

5.75

8.75 10.50 11.50

!.Average vase life of four single-flower replicationsa vase life counted from date flower was open and transferred to tap water, Stems not recut at transfer.

2,Buds with 1/4 to 3/8 inch of petals extending above the calyx selected at random from the same greenhouse bench and placed in 250 ml of solution. Solution volume was not adjusted during experiment. 3,0pening solution consists of 200 ppm 8-quinolinol citrate, 25 ppm silver nitrate, and

50

ppm aluminum sulfate,

Table 5, Effect of Water Quality and Opening Solutions on Time Required To Open Scania Carnation Buds \Sunbay Farms, Watsonville, California, March 1971)·

Average Number of DaYs Required to

Treatment2 Distilled Water Buds cut 3/5/71 Tap Water Buds cut 3/5/71 Water Alone 8,00 8.25 1 Open Buds

Opening Solution with Percent Sugar3 O% 2.5%

6.50

7.25

5.75

6.25

C A R N A T I 0 N S D 0 L A S T L 0 N G E R 10%

6;

.

25

5.00

(22)

SEPTEMBER - NEWSLETTER - 1971 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES & RESULTS (Continued)

EMili.

11

1 Days required to open Scania carnation buds. Average of four single-flower replications. Stems not recut at transfer. 2 Buds with ~ to 3/8 inch of petals extending above the calyx

selected at random from one greenhouse bench and placed in

250

ml solution. Solution volume was not adjusted during experiment. 3 Opening solution consists of 200 ppm 8-quinolinol citrate,

25

ppm

silver nitrate1 and

50

The authors would like to emphasize that in their experiments, vase life was determined after flowers were placed in tap water. This was done as simulation of practical treatment these flowers might get from the consumer. Other workers (1,4) determined vase life in the same solution in which the buds were opened. The authors consider this an inappropriate procedure.

Experiment 2

Procedures used. This experiment was designed to simulate commercial grower procedures. Ten Scania buds were selected at random from a greenhouse bench for each bud opening treatment. The stems were

pla;ed in distilled-water solutions or in opening solutions containing

var~ous concentrations of sugar. The buds were opened at room

temperature under diffused daylight and placed in a shipping box for 24 hours. The flowers were then placed in tap water without the stem being cut. Stems were not recut because at certain times of the year extra stem length is not available. Vase life of each flower was determined after the flower was removed from the shipping box and placed in an individual glass container.

Resultsa The average vase life of the Scania carnation flowers was definitely improved by using the opening solution(table

6).

Vase life of the flowers after they were transferred to tap water increased as the sugar concentration in the bud opening solution was increased

up to 10 percent. The time required to open the buds at room temperaturf varied from

2.5

to 3 days.

Table

6.

Effect of Sugar Concentration in Bud Opening Solutions on Vase Life of Scania Carnation Flowers (Sunbay Farms, Watsonville. April, 1971)

Days of Average Vase Life1

Solution with Percent Sugar2 Treatment 'Scanra Buds Cut 4/13/71 Stored 4/15, 4(17 Distilled Water O% 2.5% 5% 10% 4.5 5.4

6.3

8.6

C A R N A T I 0 N S D 0 LAS T L 0 N G E R

(23)

.

SEPTEMBER - NEWSLETTER - 1971 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES & RESULTS (Continued)

~ 12

1 Average vase life of 10 single flower replications. Stems not recut. Buds opened in solution, placed in shipping box for 24 hours. Vase life determined after flowers were placed in tap water.

2 Opening solution of distilled water contained 200 ppm 8-quinolinol citrate, 25 ppm silver nitrate, and

50

Conclusions

Results of these experiments clearly indicate the value of proper solutions for improving the quality of carnation flowers. Using chemical solutions with 10 percent sugar very often improved the quality (size and vase life) of flowers compared to the quality of untreated flowers. This was true in two cases: (a) the short-term conditioning treatment given to flowers harvested at the commercial open stage by the grower; and (b) flowers harvested in the bud stage and opened in a 10 percent sugar solution. The value of using

deionized water as compared to tap water for such treatments was also demonstrated ..

LITERATURE CITED

1. Besemer,

s.

T. 1970. "Carnation bud opening." Flower and Nursery Report, Agricultural Extension, University of California newsletter, Nov., 4-5.

2. Guilfoy, Robert F., and Arnold L. Lundquist., 1970. Transport and Handling of Carnations Cut in the Bud Stage, Potential Advantages. SAF special publication, April, 7 pp.

3. Hardenburg, R. E., H.

c.

Vaught, and G. A. Brown. 1970.

"Development and vase life of bud-cut Colorado and California carnations in preservative solution following air shipment to Maryland." J,. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

95

(1): 18-22.

4. Holley,

w.

D. and Le-Hong Cheng. 1967. "Harvesting and handling of immature carnations." Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 90: 377-383. 5~ Mayak,

s.,

A. Gvilli, R. Shillo, and A. H. Halevy, 1970.

"Opening flowers harvested at the tight bud stage (carnations, roses, gladioli, chrysanthemums)." Hamamot Ve Prachim (greenhouse and flowers). 111-120 (Hebrew).

6. Waters, Will E. 1967. "Toxicity of certain Florida well waters to cut-flowers." Proceedings. Fla. State Hort. Soc. Vol. 79: 456-459.

*Respectively, Farm Advisor, Santa Cruz County; carnation growerl Watsonville; Professor, Floriculture, Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel.

(24)

§EPTEMBER - NEWSLETTER - 1971

RESEARCH ON SOILBORNE DISEASES OF CARNATIONS

PAGE 13

-Bya R. D. Raabe, J. H. Hurlimann, R. H. Sciaroni, and R. F. Hasek* For the past 2 years experiments have been conducted on soilborne diseases of carnations. Many new fungicides are being evaluated for control of Fusarium roseum, Rhizoctonia1 and Pythium. These tests have been carried on in cooperation with Seabreeze Nursery of

Pescadero.

Fungicides like BenlateR, DexonR, and TrubanR have been used as soil incorporation treatments before planting and as drenches after

planting. Extensive records have been maintained on yield data and plant injury. Of particular interest has been the determination that a water-mold root rot, Pythium, is a limiting factor in carnation production in both raised benches and ground beds. Robert Raabe, Department of Plant Pathology, feels that this organism is widespread

in carnation plantings. Pythium root rot can contribute to poor root systems, decreased plant growth and reduced yields.

DexonR soil drenches at

30-d~y

intervals resulted in greatly improved root systems, better plant growth, and increased yields. At present it has not been determined whether this treatment is economical. The fungicide TrubanR has given· long residual action against water molds like Pythium. Yield data taken on carnation test plots where

this fungicide was incorporated into the soil after steaming and

before planting show a consistent increase over areas receiving the R steam sterilization treatments only. The actkve ingredient in Truban is the same as that in TerrazoleH. Terrazole was extensively tested on carnations and other flower crops. The effects of TrubanK vary with soil types and the organic matter content; therefore, care should be used in applying this materi~l. Experiments are still in progress on dosage levels because Truban has caused stunting of plants at certain rates. Also, the economics of the treatment need careful study,

TrubanR is a product of Olin Industries and Mallinckrodt Chemical Company and is registered for use on some ornamental plants. TrubanR is not yet registered on carnations and cannot now be recommended for this crop.

R = Registered trade name

*Respectively, Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, Berkeley; Laboratory Technician, Experiment Station; Farm Advisor, San Mateo County, and Extension Floriculturist, Davis

(25)

Page

14

ROCK MOUNTAIN FLORAL CONVENTION Denver, Colorado

Brown Palace Hotel September 25-26,

1971

Sponsored by United Floral Industry of Colorado GROWERS PROGRAM

In cooperation with The Research Committee of Colorado Flower Growers Association, The Bedding and Pot Plant Committee, and Colorado State University.

Saturda~ - September 25 (Onyx Room) 8-12 Joint Session 8:00

10:00 10:30

12:00

Employers Workshop - Ray Crowley presiding Buzz session on labor management problems

"The Agricultural Labor Situation" - Dean R. Kittel (Colorado Farm Bureau) Break for Trade Fair

Coffee and pop courtesy Florists Mutual Insurance Co. Opportunities in the Mass Market

Dr. George Kress - Colorado State University Bob Bernacchi - La Porte, Indiana

Lunch on own - Visit Trade Fair 1:30 - 5:00 Dual Sessions Bedding & Pot Plant Program (Gold Room)

1:30 Growing and Selling Plants Texas Way - "Big"

Bob Schmidt, Caprock Growers, Inc., Lubbock, Texas 2:30 Poinsettias by Mikkelsen

Jim MikkelsenJ Mikkelsens, Inc., Ashtabula, Ohio 3:30 Break for Trade Fair

Coffee and pop courtesy Florists Mutual Ins. Co.

3:45

What Next for the Colorado Bedding & Pot Plant Program? B & PP Committee

4:15

Lily and Poinsettia Research at CSU

Dr. Kenneth L. Goldsberry

4:45

Let's Talk it Over - Questions to the Speakers Ken Goldsberry, Moderator

(26)

Other Growers Program (Onyx Room) Page

15

1:)0 The Future of the Carnation

Dr. Gustov Mehlquist - University of Connecticut Prof.

w.

D. Holley - Colorado State University JaOO - Visit Trade Fair

Coffee and pop courtesy Florists Mutual Insurance Company J:JO - So You Think You Run Good Temperatures?

Dr. Joe Hanan - Colorado State University Gordon Koon - Gordones Greenhouses, Inc, 6: JO C oc·ktail Party

?:JO - Dinner-Dance ·

~day - September 26

8:00 - lia.JO Dual Sessions

·-Bedding & Pot Plant Program (Gold Room)

"How to Grow 'Ern" -- Bedding Plants (A half day session on growing techniques and materials,)

8t00 - .A look at the Past Bedding Plant Season ·in Colorado 9•00 ·- ·What it Takes to Produce Quality Bedding Plants

-Bob Bernacchi

lOaOO Visit Trade Fair- Coffee and pop courtesy Florists Mutual.Ins l0tl5 ~ Some of the Fine Points of Growing Bedding Plants - Bob Schmid 11:15 Wrap-up· -- Committee

Others Growers Program (Onyx Room)

8:00 Financing for Growers - Federal Land Bank

9:30 Visit Trade Fair - Coffee & pop courtesy Florists Mutual Ins. 10:00 - What Makes Your Plants Grow? - Dr, Gus Mehlquist

llaJO Visit Trade Fair - Cash Bar 12:00 Luncheon

"America in 1976 - Republic or Welfare State?"

Mr.

Ed Wimmer - National Federation of Independent Business 2:00 - Agriculture's Image

Government Farm Policies - Dean R. Kittel~ Colo. Farm Bureau Let· .. s Put .Our Best Foot Forward - Dr. Kenneth R. Brink,CSU J:JO Join the Design Pageant and Auction

(27)

Page 16

ROCKY MOUNTAIN FLORAL CONVENTION - SEPTEMBER 25-26 ADVANCE REGISTRATION FORM

(Save $5.00)

Complete package includes Registration (admission to all sessions), the Saturday Dinner-Dance, and the Sunday Luncheon and Luncheon Speaker.

---~--~---~----Make checks payable to Mildred Matney and mail to her with this form at 6630 East Colfax, Denver, Colorado 80220. Phonea (1-303) 388-1666

--~---~---~---~---~

I am enclosing a check for $. ________ _.for the following ticketsa

___ complete Packages at $20.00 each for a total of

$. ________ _

___ Registration & Sunday Luncheon at $12.50 each, totaling $. ______ __

_ saturday Evening Dinner-Dance at $12.50 each, totaling

$~----Total Amount:

$====

(28)

SEPTEMBER - NEWSLETTER - 197,1 PAGE 17 RECOMMENDED CHANGES TO JUDGING INSTRUCTIONS

The American Carnation Society Board of Directors made the following "Instructions to Judges" rules at the San Diego1Convention. Regional

New Varieties Days should follow these rules and notify their

A,c.s.

directors of the results.

*INSTRUCTIONS TO JUDGES

1 - COLOR 20 POINTS, The variety under judgment shall be compared with the best existing variety in its color class, and be awarded points proportionate to its color value and its overall color and

uniformity within its vase.

2 - SIZE 17 POINTS. The variety shall be compared with the largest existing variety within its class, and be awarded points

proportionate to its size and its uniformity of size within its vase.

3 -

STEM 20 POINTS. The strength of the stem shall be sufficient to carry the flower erect, and the length should ffi sufficient to

display the flower to the best advantage, It is desirable that the stem be provided with numerous and broad leaflets, as giving better effect when the flowers are arranged in loose bunches, The variety should be compared with that existing variety which best combines these requirements,

4 -

FORM

15

POINTS. Comparison shall be with existing varieties that show the best form,

5

CONDITION AND SUBSTANCE 20 POINTS. In scoring a vase, bruised flowers must be taken into consideration. One point shall be deducted for each bruised flower or flower with so-called burned, brown or black edges, regardless of substance,in vases of 35

carnations.

6- CALYX 5 POINTS. The standard of comparison shall befuat existing variety having a calyx which most securely and regularly supports the petals and from its general characteristic shows the least liability to burst.

7 - FRAGRANCE 3 POINTS. Comparison shall be with the most fragrant existing variety.

All awards made by the judges shall be subject to the approval of the Society.

(29)

SEPTEMBER - NEWSLETTER - 1971 Page 18 RULES FOR JUDGING MINIATURE CARNATIONS

DEFINITION: Miniature carnations are carnations produced in a spray and registered as miniatures with the American Carnation Society. 1. A spray is a cluster of blooms produced by a lateral growth, the

terminal flower disbudded or intact,

2, The stems shall have at least three flowers and not exceed 28 inches in overall length.

3.

The size of individual flowers shall not exceed 2

t

inches in diameter.

4.

There shall be 25 stems of one variety in a suitable vase, to be supplied by the Exhibition Committee.

SCALE OF POINTS FOR JUDGING MINIATURE CARNATIONS

1, COLOR 25 POINTS. Should be considered at this time only, as to its pleasing quality, and uniformity.

2. STEM (20 POINTS). The strength of stem shall be sufficient to carry the flowers gracefully and with sufficient length to display the flowers to best advantage.

3.

FORM 25 POINTS, The entire spray shall be considered, including size, Ehape and placement of flowers.

4.

CONDITION 25 POINTS. The condition of the blooms and foliage must be considered under this category, Bruised, burnt, black

or brown edges of blooms must be penalized. Due to the number of open blooms in the vase, the overall effect of such blooms must be considered in evaluating the penalty.

5, . FRAGRANCE 5 POINTS, Comparison shall be made with the most fragrant existing variety of miniature carnation.

MEMBERSHIP LIST

Please correct your membership list as following: Patterson's Flowers, Inc,

P. 0, Box 1824

Shelby, North Carolina 28150

C A R N A T I 0 N S

George Ball Pacific Inc. 3961 E. Bayshore Road Palo Alto, California

94303

(30)

AMERICAN

CARNATION

SOCIETY

325- 27 CHERRY STREET PHIL.ADEL.PHIA, PA. 19106 AREACODE215 WA 3·1640 ANDREW H. STRANG

OCTOBER - NEWSLETTER - 1971 WASHINGTON, D,C.

The American Carnation Society hit the highest peak of its public relations activities in recent years with the cooperation of the Society of American Florists' and its energetic Director of Public Relations, Shirley Foster Fields.

It was Mamie Eisenhowser's night in Washington on Monday, September 27r 1971, and about 800 people, including the President and Mrs Nixon

turned out to wish the former First Lady a happy 75th birthday,

The American Carnation Society provided 6,000 carnations for Washington

retailers, Granville Gude and Lou Potter to decorate the Washington

Hilton Hotel with over 200 carnation arrangements that graced the tables and stage.

A,C,S. Secretary and Mrs. Strang; Edward

c.

Geiger and Mrs. Geiger were invited guests at the 0100-a-plate birthday gala sponsored by the American Women in Radio and Television, The proceeds will establish a Mrs. Eisenhower scholarship fund at Eisenhower College in Seneca Falls, N, Y.

Eddie and Andy presented carnation bouquets to Mamie during her reception "hour" and had several minutes to talk to her, many

photo-graphs were taken during the presentations, Eddie reminded her of his first visit in 1953 when he developed the famous "Mamie" carnation, she recalled the visit quite vividly,

Entertainment was provided by Ray Bolger, Red Skelton, Ethel Merman, Lawrence Welk and the West :Po~nt G~~tzl Club.

L1rs. Eisenhower sent a beautiful "'i'nank You" letter to both E,C, Geiger and A, H. Strang which they ~ill cherish for a long, long time.

(31)

OCTOBER - NEWSLETTER - 1971

CH~CAGO, ILLINOIS

The American Carnation Society Board of Directors held its annual Interim Board Meeting at the Chicago Marriott, Chicago, Illinois on October 13-14, 1971.

The Board decided to discontinue the $30,00 Introductory Membership offer that had been in affect for three years,

1972 Convention Scientific Program Chairman, Gordon Koon, gave a resume

of the proposed program. Tuesday, March 7, 1971

9:00 - 5:00 - Trade Fair

9:00 -12:30 - Everett Conklin - President of the Society of American

Florists.

"American Carnation Society and Society of American Florists"

Panel of Industry Leaders -"What's Going On In Our World?"

12:30 -2:30 - Luncheon - Speaker

2:30 -4:00 - "Voluntary