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ARBETARPRESSEN IGOTEBORG

Lars-Åke Engblom

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MEDDELANDEN FRÂN EKONOMISK-HISTORISKA INSTITUTIONEN VID GÖTEBORGS UNIVERSITET

46

ARBETARPRESSEN I GÖTEBORG

En studie av arbetarpressens förutsättningar, arbetarrörelsens presspolitik och tidningskonkurrensen

i Göteborg 1890—1965

av

LARS-ÅKE ENGBLOM

GÖTEBORG 1980

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ARBETARPRESSEN I GÖTEBORG

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Abstract

THE LABOUR PRESS IN GÖTEBORG. A study of the conditions of the labour press, the press policy of the labour movement and the press competetion in Göteborg 1890—1965.

by

Lars-Ake Engblom

In spite of political and population conditions of a strong labour press, the labour move

ment has failed as newspaper editors in Göteborg. The circulation of the labour press has never reached more than 15 % of the total newspaper circulation in Göteborg. The size of the labour parties votes in the general elections has been much greater, at the maximum 65 %.

Since the middle of the 1960s there is no daily labour newspaper in Göteborg. Those two remaining daily newspapers in Göteborg in 1980 are both liberal and have the same owner.

Why has the labour press failed in Göteborg? That is one of the main questions of the study. This leads however to a further problem which characterizes the whole study:

Which are the competition conditions of the organisation-owned newspapers?

The starting point of the study is the acting of the political organisations and the trade unions. In what ways did the organisations support and control their newspapers? The period of the study is 1890—1965. The main sources are the meeting-protocols of the poli

tical parties and the trade unions. About 30.000 protocols on national and local level have been examined.

Six labour newspapers with a weekly edition or more have been edited during this period in Göteborg. Two of them have been daily, the social democratic Ny Tid (during 1899—1966) and the communistic Arbetar-Tidningen (1939—1964). The Ny Tid got up to 1917 a very strong support from the labour organisations. The natural support of the Ny Tid did not exist after the split of the Social Democratic Party and after that the new parties of the labour movement had established their own newspapers in Göteborg.

The Ny Tid had the best opportunities to compete with the Liberal and Conservative press in Göteborg. The newspaper however missed an excellent break-through during the 1920s by sticking to afternoon-edition, in spite of old plans of a morning edition. The Göteborgs-Posten (one of the liberal newspapers) conquered within a decade from the middle of the 1920s a significant part of the potential subscribers among the workers, by a system of weekly subscriptions, a popular content and a general labour-friendly tone. The Ny Tid was during these years handicapped by a split of the local social democratic party.

When, at last, the Ny Tid started the morning edition in 1936, it was too late. For the last 30 years, the Ny Tid was a loss.

In the last chapter a try will be done to make a scheme of negative and positive factors of competition of the organisation-owned daily press. Positive factors are: economic support (direct and indirect) from organisations, no demand upon economic profit, democratic structured newspaper companies, unique, ideological content and exclusive news sources.

Negative factors are: regard to superior goals of organisations, risk of missed economic efficiency, long process of decision and last, but not least, missed adaption to the market.

Keywords: — labour press — press competition

— labour movement — press concentration

— political press

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Abstract

THE LABOUR PRESS IN GÖTEBORG. A study of the conditions of the labour press, the press policy of the labour movement and the press competetion in Göteborg 1890—1965.

by

Lars-Âke Engblom