http://www.diva-portal.org
This is the published version of a chapter published in Nordic Demography in History and Present- Day Society.
Citation for the original published chapter:
Fure, E. (2001)
The Decline in Mortality in the Norwegian Parish Asker and Baerum ca. 1750-1850.
In: Lars-Göran Tedebrand and Peter Sköld (ed.), Nordic Demography in History and Present- Day Society (pp. 165-177). Umeå: Umeå universitet
N.B. When citing this work, cite the original published chapter.
Permanent link to this version:
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-132498
Pc`@`^gdi`diIjmo\gdotdioc`
Jjmr`bd\iL\mdnc=nf`m\i_>\`mph
^\+.42-*.52-
7XV7a^R
P
c` _jhdi\iojkdidji\]jpooc`odhdibjaoc` _`^gdi`dihjmo\gdotdiJjmr\tdnoc\odo]`gjibnojoc`.6oc^`iopmt)oc`t`\m.5.2c\n
]``i^ji^`dq`_ \n oc`r\o`mnc`_) nomdfdibgt ^jdi^d_dibrdococ`i`r
gd]`m\g ^jinodopodjijaoc` ^jpiomt di.5.1+ Pc` _dnodi^o _`^gdi` dioc`
^mp_` _`\oc m\o` %?@N& amjh .5.2 c\n `iod^`_ \i\gtnon oj gjjf ajm
kjnnd]g`^\pn`nja_`^gdi`^jhk\od]g`rdococdnodhdib+Pc`no\odnod^d\i
Fpgd` >\^f`m ijo`_) cjr`q`m) \gm`\_t di.63.) \ ngdbco _`^gdi` _pmdib
oc` .5oc^`iopmt+. Pc` Aibgdnc cdnojmd\i Id^c\`g @m\f`) ]t \i\gtudib
oc` _daa`m`io k\mon ja oc` ^jpiomt n`k\m\o`gt) r\n \]g` oj ncjr oc\o
h jmo\gdot no\mo`_ oj _`^gdi` di oc` r `no`mi \i_ njpoc`mi k\mon ja
Jjmr\t%oc`_dj^`n`nja>`mb`i\i_Gmdnod\in\i_& \gm`\_t]toc``i_
ja oc` .5oc ^`iopmt+/ Bjm oc` `\no`mi) hd__g` \i_ ijmoc`mi k\mon ajm
Jjmr\t%oc`_dj^`n`nja=f`mncpn\i_Pmji_ce`h&oc`?@N_mjkk`_
\]mpkogt amjh .5.2+
>`ajm` oc` lp`nodji ja ^\pn\gdot ^\i ]` m\dn`_) oc` odhdib ja oc`
_`^gdi`hpno]``no\]gdnc`_)\i_oc`dhkjmo\i^`jat`\mnrdocijmh\g
hjmo\gdot q`mnpn t`\mn rdoc ^mdndn hpno]` \n^`mo\di`_+ = ctkjoc`ndn
c\n ]``i oc\o hjmo\gdot no\mo`_ don _`^gdi` \gm`\_t _pmdib oc` g\o`m
k\mo ja oc` .5oc ^`iopmt) ]po oc\o oc` _`^gdi` r\n dio`mmpko`_ ]t oc`
t`\mn ja^mdndn hjmo\gdot dioc`r\f` jaoc`J\kjg`jid^ r \mn+0
Pcdnk\k`mrdgg`s\hdi`rc`ihjmo\gdotno\mo`_oj_`^gdi`di=nf`m
\i_>\`mph)\g\mb`^j\no\gk\mdncdioc`njpoc`\no`mik\mojaJjmr\t
%oc` _dj^`n` ja=f`mncpn&) d+ `+ di\i\m`\rc`m`oc` ?@N _d_ ijoa\gg
]`ajm`.5.2+Pc`k\mdncc\nk\mod^pg\mgtbjj_njpm^`najmoc`nop_tja
kjkpg\odji \ao`m .5.2+ Pc` cdnojmd\i Ojgqd Ojbi`m c\n km`qdjpngt
* .32 *
\i\gtu`_ oc` _`^gdi` di hjmo\gdot di oc` _dj^`n` ja=f`mncpn _pmdib
oc`.5oc^`iopmt\i_ajpi_gjrhjmo\gdotdioc`dig\i_)cdbchjmo\gdot
\gjib oc` ^j\no+
Pc`^mp_`_`\ocm\o`di=nf`m\i_>\`mph.400*.545
Bjm oc`^jhkpo\odjijaoc` ?@Najm=nf`m\i_ >\`mph) oc`iph]`mn
ja]pmd\gndioc`hdidno`md\g]jjfnajm=nf`m\i_>\`mphamjh.400oj
.545 r`m` ^jpio`_+ Pc` _`q`gjkh `io piodg .5-4 rdgg ]` `s\hdi`_
admnodijm_`mojadi_ jporc`oc`moc`hjmo\gdot\gm`\_tr\n _`^gdidib
_pmdib ocdn k`mdj_+ Pc` opmi ja oc` ^`iopmt c\n ij dio`m`no]t don`ga)
]pooc`odh`pkoj.5-4r\n\^jiodipjpnk`mdj_jak`\^`diJjmr\t+
Pc` kjkpg\odji \o mdnf dn h\digt ]\n`_ ji ^`inpn adbpm`n+ Ei oc`
^`inpn ja .436 oc`m` \m` gdno`_ 1-43 k`mnjin) di oc` .5-. ^`inpn oc`
iph]`m c\n mdn`i oj1263 k`mnjin+ Pc` h`\ikjkpg\odji]`ajm` .436
dn n`o oj oc` kjkpg\odji ocdn t`\m) hdipn oc` _daa`m`i^` ]`or``i oc`
iph]`mja]\kodnhn \i_]pmd\gn]\^foj.400+ Jj\_epnoh`iodn _ji`
ajm hdbm\ion ]`^\pn` oc` `so`io \i_ oc` _dm`^odji ja oc` hdbm\ojmt
hjq`h`ion ajm ocdn k`mdj_ dn pifijri+ Bjm oc` t`\mn ]`or``i .436
\i_ .5-. oc`m` r\n \ i`o jpo*hdbm\odji ja 12- k`mnjin+ Pc` t`\mgt
kjkpg\odji\omdnf\ao`m .436dn^jhkpo`_]t \__diboc`t`\mgti\op*
m\gdi^m`\n`\i_np]om\^odiboc`\q`m\b`iph]`mjajpo*hdbm\ion+Bjm
oc`t`\mn\ao`m.5-. oc`h`\ikjkpg\odjidn^jhkpo`_]t_dnomd]podib
kjkpg\odjidi^m`\n`dioc`dio`m^`in\gk`mdj_`q`igtoj`\^ct`\m+Bjm
oc`ocm``t`\mn\ao`m.542 oc` t`\mgtkjkpg\odjidi^m`\n` dn`nodh\o`_
oj ]` `lp\g oj oc` t`\mgt bmjrocm\o` dioc` km`^`_dibk`mdj_ %.532*
.542&+
Bdbpm`. ncjrnoc`?@Ndi=nf`m\i_>\`mphajmoc`k`mdj_.400*
.545 di hjqdib adq` t`\mn \q`m\b`n+ S` ^\i d_`iodat ocm`` k`mdj_n
rdoc`som`h`gtcdbchjmo\gdot) oc`t`\mn .41/*10) .44/*40 \i_ .5-5*
.5-6+
=pnp\gno\odnod^\ghj_`gajm`s\hdidibn`^pg\mom`i_n)dn\ijm_di*
\mtgdi`\mm`bm`nndjihj_`g+Aq`idaoc`\nnphkodjijagdi`\mdotdnijo
^jhkg`o`gt omp`) oc` hj_`g ncjpg_ i`q`moc`g`nn ]` pn`apg ajm o`nodib
oc` u`mj ctkjoc`ndn jaij ^c\ib`+
Bdbpm`.+@`m\p\Xidfm`e^Xm\iX^\j`e=>L $@F=>L%`e;jb\iXe[<\\ild
,2..(,323)
1 - B g[
? 0 -
@
N
/-
c cá ' c c c m c ' c 9 c $ c ç ` ç l Ü l Ö c '
.41- .44- .5-- .50- .53-
N N N
Pc`m`bm`nndji\i\gtndn`nodh\o`_oc`t`\mgt_`^gdi`dioc`?@Noj
]`-+./k`mocjpn\i_ajmoc`k`mdj_.400oj.5-4+Bjmoc`ojo\gk`mdj_)
d+`+ 42 t`\mn) oc` `nodh\o`_ ojo\g _`^gdi` dn \ gdoog` g`nn oc\i .- k`m
ocjpn\i_ kjdion) d+`+ amjh \mjpi_ 0- k`m ocjpn\i_ \o oc` ]`bdiidib
jaoc`k`mdj_oj\mjpi_/-k`mocjpn\i_\ooc``i_+Aq`idaoc`t`\mgt
q\md\odjin r`m` bm`\o) oc` m`npgo dn no\odnod^\ggt ndbidad^\io \o \ g`q`g
gjr`moc\i-+--4+ Pc`m`bm`nndjigdi`\i_ oc`t`\mgt j]n`mq\odjin \m`
ncjridiBdbpm` /+
Bdbpm` /+L\^i\jj`fe c`e\]fi k_\ =>L `e ;jb\i Xe[ <\\ild ,2..(,3+2)
N_\ gf`ekj i\gi\j\ek k_\ =>Lj]fi \XZ_ p\Xi) N_\ c`e\ `j [iXne XZZfi[`e^
kf k_\ d\k_f[ f]c\XjkjhlXi\j) N_\ jcfg\ j_fnj k_\ \jk`dXk\[p\Xicp [\Zc`e\
`e dfikXc`kp)
@`^gdi`didia\iohjmo\gdotdi=nf`m\i_>\`mph
Pc`_`^gdi`didia\iohjmo\gdot\^^jpionajm\ghjno0-k`m^`iojaoc`
_`^gdi` di oc` ?@N ajm oc` k`mdj_ pk oj .5-4+ Bjm oc` k`mdj_ .5.-*
.545 oc` _`^gdi` di dia\io hjmo\gdot \^^jpion ajm hjm` oc\i 1-" ja
oc` ojo\g _`^gdi` di oc` ?@N+ Pc` cdnojmd\i \i_ _`h jbm\kc`m Oo~g`
@tmqdfc\n`\mgd`m`nodh\o`_oc\o\]jpo/2" jaoc`_`^gdi`dioc`?@N
^\i ]` \oomd]po`_ oj oc` _`^gdi` di oc` dia\io hjmo\gdot m\o` %EIN&+1
Pc`_`^gdi`didia\iohjmo\gdotdn ocpn\idhkjmo\iok\mojaoc` b`i`*
m\g _`^gdi`dihjmo\gdot+
Pc`_`q`gjkh`iojadia\iohjmo\gdotdi=nf`m\i_>\`mphdnncjri
\n adq` t`\mn h jqdib \q`m\b`n di Bdbpm` 0+ Pc` t`\mgt iph ]`m ja
]\kodnhn q\md`_ ]`or``i 6- \i_ .4-) oc`iph]`mja]pmd\gn]`or``i
/- \i_ 2-+ Ei nkdo` ja oc` nhjjocdib `aa`^o ja hjqdib \q`m\b`n) oc`
^mdndnt`\mnno\i_ jpo+ Ei\__dodjiojoc`^mdndnt`\mndioc`?@N) EIN
r\n `som`h`gtcdbcdi.415 \i_ .43.+ Pc`dia\ionr`m`]tij h`\in
kmjo`^o`_amjhhjmo\gdot ^mdn`n+
Bdbpm` 0+@`m\ p\Xij dfm`e^ Xm\iX^\j f]CG L $MJ>I>@F% `e ;jb\i Xe[
<j\ild ,2..(,323)
.2-
E ' E .***** m é d .*****(********* .é d*.é o .***e .q L****** . e .é d** .é e***** .*****.*****.é %
.41- .44- .5-- .50- .53-
N N N
Pc`EIN_`^gdi`_\ao`moc`g\no^mdndnt`\mdi.5-6)]podor\nepno\n
gjr_pmdib^`mo\dit`\mn \ooc` `i_ jaoc`.5oc^`iopmt \n\ao`m .5-6+
S c\o dn m`h\mf\]g` \]jpo oc` t`\mnX]k\i .5-6 dn oc` n`lp`i^` ja nj
h\itt`\mn rdoc^jhk\m\odq`gt gjr \i_ no\]g`hjmo\gdot+
Pc` n\h` gdi`\m m`bm`nndjihj_`g \n r\n pn`_ ajm oc` ?@N bdq`n
-+3k`mocjpn\i_t`\mgt _`^gdi` dioc` EINajmoc` k`mdj_ .400*.5-4)
n`` Bdbpm` 1+ Bjm oc` rcjg` k`mdj_ oc` EIN _`^gdi`_ r doc 12 k`m
ocjpn\i_ kjdion+ Pc` g`q`g ]`ajm` .42- r\n \]jpo //2 k`m ocjpn\i_)
oc` g`q`g \mjpi_ .5-4r\n \]jpo .5- k`m ocjpn\i_+
Bdbpm`1+L\^i\jj`fe c`e\]fi k_\CGL $MJ>IL;N?% `e ;jb\iXe[ ?oild
,2..(,3+2) N_\gf`ekj i\gi\j\ek k_\CGL]fi\XZ_ p\Xi) N_\ c`e\ `j [iXne
XZZfi[`e^ kf k_\ d\k_f[ f]c\Xjk jhlXi\j) N_\ jcfg\ j_fnj k_\ \jk`dXk\[
p\Xicp [\Zc`e\ `e CGL)
0 --
. KK
.4 1- .4 2- E4C- .4 4 -
N N N
.4 5- .4 5- .5 --
Bjmoc`t`\mn\ao`m.5-4oc`_`^gdi`diEINdnq`mt^g`\m)k\mod^pg\mgt
da r` no\mo amjhoc` t`\m .5-5+ Pcdn dn ]`^\pn` oc` ^mdndn di .5-6 rdgg
`s\bb`m\o`oc`g`q`gjahjmo\gdot\ooc`]`bdiidibjaoc`k`mdj_+ Aq`i
dar`gjjf\ooc`k`mdj_.5.-*.545)oc``nodh\o`_t`\mgt _`^gdi`dn-+6
k`m ocjpn\i_+ Pc` q\md\i^` dn hp^c gjr`m _pmdib oc` .5oc ^`iopmt)
\i_ oc` `nodh\o` dn no\odnod^\ggt ndbidad^\io \o \ q`mt gjr g`q`g %-)---.
k`m ^`io&+
Oj^d\g_daa`m`i^`ndioc`dia\iohjmo\gdotm\o`
Bjm oc` k`mdj_ .400*.5.1 oc` iph]`m ja]\kodu`_ \i_]pmd`_ dia\ion
k`mt`\mr`m`m`bdno`m`_amjhoc`^cpm^cm`^jm_n+Bjmoc`k`mdj_.5.1*
.545 \gg di_dqd_p\g `q`io m`^jm_n amjh ^cpm^cm`^jm_n) ^`inpn`n \i_
g\i_ m`bdno`mn r`m` ^jhkpo`mdu`_ \i_ gdif`_ ojb`oc`m di di_dqd_p\g
gda` ^jpmn`n+ Eiajmh\odji ji j^^pk\odji jm nj^d\g no\opn r\n ^j_`_
dioj orj ]mj\_ ^\o`bjmd`n) oc` pkk`m bmjpk ^jindnon ja a\mh`mn) oc`
* .36 *
gjr`m bmjpk ^jio\din ^joo`mn) ^mjao`mn) ^m\aonh`i) adnc`mh`i) n\dgjmn
\i_g\]jm`mn+ Pc`g\nobmjpk bm`rhjm`lpd^fgtoc\ioc`admno_pmdib
oc` k`mdj_) ]po \ mjpbc \kkmjsdh\odji dn oc\o oc` g\no bmjpk dn ajpm
odh`n\n]db\noc`admnobmjpk+
J`doc`mdioc`g`q`g\mjpi_.5.1ijm_pmdiboc`_`^gdi`pkoj.545)
r\n oc`m` \it _daa`m`i^` di oc` EIN ]`or``i oc` bmjpkn+ Pc` jigt
_daa`m`i^` r\n ]`or``i^cdg_m`i]jmirdocdi jm jpo jar`_gj^f+ Pc`
dgg`bdodh \o` ^cdg_m`i c\_ \gh jno ord^` \n cdbc h jmo\gdot \n oc`dm
g`bdodh \o` ^jpio`mk\mon) \i_ oc`m` r\n ij dh kmjq`h `io ajm oc`
dgg`bdodh\o` ^cdg_m`i _pmdib oc` k`mdj_+ Ijno dgg`bdodh\o` ^cdg_m`i
]`gjib`_ oj oc` gjr`no nj^d\g bmjpk) ]poh\it jaoc` m`^jm_n g\^f`_
diajmh\odji jia\oc`m$n j^^pk\odji jm nj^d\g kjndodji+
Oo~g` @tmqdf c\n \i\gtu`_ oc` hjmo\gdot _`^gdi` di oc` k\mdnc ja
Aoi`dir`no`miJjmr\t+D`c\n\gnjajpi_\_`^gdi`diEINamjhoc`
.45-d`n+D``skg\dinoc`_`^gdi`rdoc\^c\ib`di]m`\no*a``_dibc\]don+
Pc` ctkjoc`ndn dn ijo npkkjmo`_ ]t lp\gdo\odq` njpm^`n+ D` pn`n oc`
h jmo\gdot k \oo`mi oj npbb`no oc \o .5oc ^`iopmt r jh `i \_\ko`_
g\^o\odji oj oc` ^c\ibdib \bmd^pgopm\g rjmf km`nnpm` jq`m oc` t`\m+
D``s\hdi`noc`odhdibjaoc` _`\ocn _pmdiboc`admnot`\mjagda`\i_
cjr hjmo\gdot q\md`n rdochjioc ja]dmoc+
Koc`m ^\pn`n oc\i ^c\ibdib ]m`\no*a``_dib c\]don h\t) cjr`q`m)
`skg\di q\md\odjin di oc` hjmo\gdot k\oo`mi _pmdib dia\i^t+ ?c\ib`n
dinh\ggiph]`mnh\t]`\m`npgojam\i_jh q\md\odjin+Aoi`dn\nh\gg
k\mdnc)\i_oc`m`npgonc\q`ijo]``inp]e`^o`_ojno\odnod^\go`non+ Pc`
ctkjoc`ndn ja r jmf*_`k`i_`io g\^o\odji c\]don i``_n npkkjmo amjh
diq`nodb\odjin amjhjoc`m k\mdnc`n+ Pc` _\o\amjh=nf`m \i_ >\`mph
^\i jigt ]` \i\gtu`_ di np^c _`o\dg \ao`m .5.1) \i_ ocdn dn \ao`m oc`
_`^gdi` c\n no\mo`_+ @pmdib oc` .6oc ^`iopmt) oc` n`\nji\g k\oo`mi ja
dia\iohjmo\gdotdiAoi`dn_daa`m`ioamjhoc`g\o`m _`^\_`n jaoc`.5oc
^`iopmt+2
Ijmo\gdotdiijmh\gt`\mn\i_^mdndnt`\mn
=_dnodi^ok\oo`mijaoc`hjmo\gdot_`^gdi`dnoc\o^mdndnt`\mn_dn\kk`\m)
]po _d_ oc` hjmo\gdot _`^gdi` diijmh\gt`\mn]`ajm` .5-4< Pc`t`\mn
.41/\i_.440r`m`oc`hjnon`mdjpn^mdndnt`\mnajmoc`?@N+ Eaoc`n`
t`\mn \m``s^gp_`_amjhoc`m`bm`nndji\i\gtndn) oc``nodh\o`_t`\mgt
_`^m`\n` dihjmo\gdot dnm`_p^`_) ]pododn nodgg no\odnod^\ggt ndbidad^\io+
Pc` EINr\n `som`h`gt cdbc \gnj di oc` t`\mn .415 \i_ .43.) \]jq`
0-- k`m ocjpn\i_ di \ggajpmt`\mn+ Sc`i oc`n` t`\mn r`m` `s^gp_`_
amjh oc` \i\gtndn) oc` `nodh\o`_ t`\mgt _`^m`\n` r\n ijo ndbidad^\io
\o\ g`q`ggjr`m oc\i2k`m^`io+
=^jhhjia`\opm`jaoc`^mdndnt`\mn`s^`koajmoc`t`\m.43.)r\n
oc\o oc` iph ]`m ja ]dmocn r\n nj gjr+ Pcdn kjn`n \ h`ocj_jgjbd^\g
lp`nodji+Enoc`cdbcEIN\i\moda\^o<Pc`EINdn^jhkpo`_]t_dqd_dib
oc` ]dmocn ja oc` t`\m]t oc` _`\ocn jaoc`t`\m+ Eah\it ja oc` _`\_
^cdg_m`ir`m`]jmioc`km`qdjpn t`\m) ocdnrdgg diag\o`oc` EIN+ Ijno
_`\ocn di dia\i^t j^^pmm`_) cjr`q`m) _pmdib oc` admno hjiocn) \i_
pig`nnoc`k`\fhjmo\gdotr\ndiF\ip\mtjmB`]mp\mt)ocdn_dnopm]dib
`aa`^ordggijo]`dhkjmo\io+Eaoc`iph]`mnja]dmocn\i_dia\io_`\ocn
dioc`t`\m]`ajm`oc`^mdndn\i_dioc`^mdndnt`\m\m`\__`_) oc`EIN
nodggdnq`mtcdbc+
Pc`nh\ggiph]`mja]dmocndi^mdndnt`\mndnijmh\ggt\oomd]po`_oj
oc`a\^ooc\oh\mmd\b`nr`m`kjnokji`_)\i_oc\ooc`ijmh\g nc\m`ja
admno ]dmocn r\n m`_p^`_+ Pc` iph]`m ja]dmocn r\n) cjr`q`m) hp^c
gjr`m oc\i ^\i ]` `sk`^o`_ amjh ocdn `aa`^o jigt+ S c`oc`m n`sp\g
\^odqdotr\ngjr`m\n\^jin`lp`i^`ja^jin^djpncph \ikg\iidibdi
_daad^pgoodh`n) jm\i`aa`^ojakctndjgjbd^\gjmknt^cjgjbd^\g nom`nn) dn
ijo ^g`\m+ Pc` a`^pi_dot) oc` ]djgjbd^\g \]dgdot oj ]`\m ^cdg_m`i h\t
c\q` ]``im`_p^`_ \nr`gg+
Ei =nf`m \i_ >\`mph oc` _`^gdi` di hjmo\gdot no\mo`_ _pmdib oc`
.5oc ^`iopmt+ Pc` o`i_`i^t dn nomjib`no ajm oc` ?@N) ]po do dn \gnj
ncjridioc`EIN+ Pc`t`\mn ja^mdndn nomjibgt\aagd^o`_ oc`dia\ion+
Ddbchjmo\gdotdi.5-6)]poijodi.5.0
@`hjbm\kcd^ m`n`\m^c di_d^\o`n oc\o oc` ^mdndn t`\mn di .5oc ^`iopmt
Jjmr\t r`m` ^\pn`_]t \^jh]di\odjija_dn`\n`n \i_h\gipomdodji)
]po oc`m` r`m` ^`mo\digt t`\mn rdoc ^mjk a\dgpm` rdocjpo \i di^m`\n`
di oc` hjmo\gdot) \i_ diq`mn`gt hjmo\gdot ^jpg_ ]` cdbc `q`i da oc`
^mjkn r`m` ijmh\g+ Ei oc` .6oc ^`iopmt oc` ?@N r\n k\mod^pg\mgt
cdbcdioc`t`\mn.5-6\i_.5.0+S c\or`m`oc`^\pn`njaoc`^mdn`ndi
.5-6 \i_ .5.0<
Ei\ ^dm^pg\m _\o`_ oc` .3oc jaF\ip\mt .5.3) oc` \pocjmdod`n h\_`
\i `som\jm_di\mt dilpdmt oj oc` gj^\g hdidno`mn \]jpo oc` kjkpg\odji
_`q`gjkh`ioamjh oc`opmi ja^`iopmt\n \npkkg`h `ioojoc`^`inpn
di.5.2+ Pc`h\dikpmkjn`r\nojkmjqd_`adbpm`najmoc`qdo\gno\odn*
od^n) ]po oc` hdidno`mn r`m` \gnj pmb`_ oj bdq` oc`dm jkdidji ji oc`
^\pn`nja_`\oc dit`\mnrdocq`mt cdbchjmo\gdot+
* .4. *
Bjm oc` t`\m .5-6 oc` hdidno`m di =nf`m \i_ >\`mph) F\^j] J `p*
h\ii) ijo`_ _tn`io`mt+ Ei oc` rcjg` _dj^`n`) ^\pn`n ja _`\oc r`m`
h`iodji`_ ..2 odh`n) \hjib oc`h _tn`io`mt r\n hjno am`lp`iogt
ijo`_)23odh`n+3Ei\__dodjioc`hdidno`mdi=nf`m\i_>\`mph) \gjib
rdoc .1 joc`m hdidno`mn) ijo`_ h \g* jm pi_`mijpmdnch`io+
Pc`_tn`io`mtr\nkmj]\]gt\^jin`lp`i^`jaoc`r\mrdocOr`_`i
.5-5*.5-6)n`q`m\gjaoc`hdidno`mnijo`_ocdn+ ?ji^`iom\odjijaomjjkn
g`_ oj di^m`\n`_ `skjndodji oj dia`^odjin) rcd^c oc` njg_d`mn di opmi
]mjpbco ]\^f cjh` rc`i oc`t r`m` _dnhdnn`_+ Pj r c\o `so`io oc`
ndop\odjir\n \bbm\q\o`_]tpi_`mijpmdnch `iodn _daad^pgooj _`^d_`+
S` fijr oc\ooc` ^mjkn a\dg`_ di njpoc`miJjmr\t di .5-5+ Pc` hd*
idno`m di=nf`m \i_ >\`mphijo`_) cjr`q`m) oc\ooc` \hjpio ja n``_
bm\dir\n \ghjnoijmh\gdi.5-6oc\ifnoj npkkgd`namjhjpond_`oc`
k\mdnc+ Pcdnr`\f`inoc`dhkjmo\i^`japi_`mijpmdnch `io\n\^\pn`
jahjmo\gdot dioc` k\mdnc+
D dnojmd\in c\q` ajm \ gjib odh ` lp`nodji`_ oc` m`gd\]dgdot ja
^jio`hkjm\mt^jhkg\dion\]jpog\^fjaajj_)]`^\pn`np^cno\o`h`ion
h\t]`k\moja\kjgdod^\gnom\o`btojr\m_noc`\pocjmdod`n+Scdg`oc`m`
r\ngdoog`oj _j\]jpo`kd_`hd^n) oc`\pocjmdod`n^jpg_ \^oojdhkmjq`
oc`npkkgd`n+ Pc`hdidno`mn\oomd]po`_oc`^mdndn dihjmo\gdotdX`ecpoj
`kd_`h d^n+ Aq`i da oc` h di dno`m di = nf`m \i_ >\`mph i j o`_ h\gijpmdnch`io \n \ n`^ji_\mt ^\pn`) oc`m` dn ij m`\nji oj ]`gd`q`
oc\ooc`npkkgd`nr`m`ncjmo`mdiocdnk\mdncoc\idioc`i`dbc]jpmdib
\m`\n+Pc`hdidno`mr\n\^odq`dijmb\idudib\fdi_ja bm\di]\if di
oc` k\mdnc+ D` r \n i \opm\ggt km`j^^pkd`_ r doc oc` lp`nodji ja
kmjqdndjin+
Pc` hjno n`mdjpn ^mjk a\dgpm` ^\h`) cjr`q`m) di.5.0+ EiJjmr\t
oc` ?@N r\n /6 k`m ocjpn\i_) d+`+ cdbc`m oc\i oc` pnp\g m\o` rcd^c
r\n ]`or``i /- \i_ /2 k`m ocjpn\i_) ]po ijo \n cdbc \n di .5-6
rc`idom`\^c`_02k`mocjpn\i_+=nf`m\i_>\`mphr\nij`s^`kodji
r doc m`nk`^o oj ^mjk a\dgpm` di .5./+ Pc` nphh`m \i_ a\gg r`m` ^jg_
\i_ m\dit) \i_ oc` bm\di r\n ijo mdk` ]`ajm` oc` rdio`m ^\h`+ >po
pigdf` .5-6) oc`m` r\n ij hjmo\gdot di^m`\n` di .5.0 di =nf`m \i_
>\`mph+ Sctr\n ocdn nj<
@pmdiboc`_dnom`nnjaoc`r\m\i_dijm_`mojkm`q`io^mjka\dgpm`
di apopm` t`\mn) \ nj^d`ot ja kmjhdi`io h`i di oc` k\mdnc \bm``_ oj
ajpi_ \ bm\di ]\if ) \ kp]gd^ nojm`cjpn` ajm bm\di) rc`m` a\mh`mn
^jpg_ ]jmmjr n``_ bm\di di nkmdibodh`+ Pc` bm\di]\if \gji` r\n
ijo\]g`oj h``ooc`i``_n _pmdibnkmdib.5.0) ]ponpkkgd`namjhoc`
I\t]` oc` m`\nji rct oc`m` r\n ij hjmo\gdot ^mdndn di .5.0 r\n
oc\ooc`kjkpg\odji) oc\ifnojoc` bm\di]\if)r\n]`oo`mkm`k\m`_oj
c\i_g` \ ^mjk a\dgpm`+ Ea oc` k\mdnc dn nop _ d`_ di dnjg\odji) ocdn
`skg\i\odji h\t n``h kg\pnd]g`+ >po oc` \hjpio njri di .5-6 r\n
ijo nj ]\_) \i_ daoc` hjmo\gdot ^mdndn di .5-6 r\n h\digt ^\pn`_ ]t
_dn`\n`)oc`npkkgtndop\odji^\iijoh`\injhp^c+Ear`gjjf]`tji_
oc` k\mdnc) oc` ^\pn\g `aa`^o ja ipomdodji dn \gnj lp`nodji\]g`+ Scdg`
_tn`io`mt m\b`_ \gg jq`m oc` _dj^`n` di .5-6) oc`m` r\n \ _dnodi^o
b`jbm\kcd^\gk\oo`mija^mdndnhjmo\gdotdi.5.0+=ghjnojigtoc`k\mdn*
c`n di oc` r`no`mi k\mo ja oc` _dj^`n` \i_ oc` ^\kdo\g) ?cmdnod\id\)
r`m`cdo+Sc`m`oc`hdidno`mnijo`_oc`^\pn`)dor\n\b\di_tn`io`mt+
Eogjjfn\nda=nf`m\i_>\`mph`n^\k`_amjhoc`_tn`io`mt`kd_`hd^
di.5.0+Pc`k\mdnc]jm_`mnjioc` _tn`io`mth\k oc\o^\i]`_m\ri
\^^jm_diboj oc` hjmo\gdot adbpm`n di.5.0+ Eo dn _daad^pgooj _`o`mhdi`
rc`m`oc`_tn`io`mtno\mo`_)]podo^jpg_]`diji`jaoc`i`dbc]jpmdib
ojrinjioc`r`no^j\nojaoc`Kngjadjm_)H\mqdf\i_Bm`_mdfnq`mi%oj*
_\t Oo\q`mi&+ Ei H\mqdf oc`m` r`m` hdgdo\mt cjnkdo\gn) \i_ cjnkdo\gn
r`m` ^m\_g`n ajm dia`^odjin \o oc` odh`+ Pc` hdidno`m di Bm`_mdfnq`mi
ijo`_7
N_\ ^i\Xk dfikXc`kp `e ))),3+3 Xe[ ,3+4 dljk Y\ Xkki`Ylk\[ kf X m\ip
ZfekX^`flj [pj\ek\ip)n_`Z_ Xcjf iX^\[ `e ,3,+ Xe[ ,3,. Ylk kf X c\jj\i
\ok\ek) ;dfe^ k_\ 40 [\Xk_j `e ,3,. n\i\ XYflk 0+ Lljj`Xe j\Xd\e]ifd
k_\ Lljj`Xe eXmXc m\jj\c M\m\cfg 4
@d_ oc` ncdk ]mdib oc` dia`^odji) jm r`m` oc` ^mjr_`_ ^ji_dodjin
\i_ ]\_ ctbd`i` ji oc` q`nn`g m`nkjind]g` ajm oc` cdbc iph ]`m ja
_`\ocn<I\t]`oc`m`\njirctoc`_dn`\n`_d_ijonkm`\_njlpd^fgt
oj oc` rcjg` _dj^`n` \n di .5-6) r\n oc\o dor\n ijo nj qdmpg`io+ Pc`
`kd_`hd^r\nkmj]\]gthjm``\ndgtnkm`\_di.5-6]`^\pn`jaoc`r\m+
Ojg_d`mnamjhoc`rcjg`_dj^`n`r`m`m`^mpdo`_+Ehhpidot\hjibocjn`
rcj npmqdq`_ oc` `kd_`hd^ di .5-6 c\_ kmj]\]gt gdoog` dhkjmo\i^`+
Sct ncjpg_ dhhpidotq\mt b`jbm\kcd^\ggt<
Bdi\ggt)dodn_daad^pgoojdh\bdi`oc\ooc` bm\di]\if ^\i]`^m`_do`_
ajmoc`ijmh\ghjmo\gdotg`q`gdi.5.0+Eaocdnr\noc`^\n`)ji`ncjpg_
`sk`^o\^jmm`g\odjih\omdsrc`m`k\mdnc`nrdoc bm\di]\ifn jmbjj_
kmjqdndjin ja bm\di `sk`md`i^`_ gjr`m hjmo\gdot+ Eo dn ijo gdf`gt oc\o
np^ck\mdnc`n^jmm`nkji_ojoc`^g`\mb`jbm\kcd^\gk\oo`mijahjmo\g*
dot di .5.0+
* .40 *
Pc`rcjg`kjkpg\odjir\ncdodi.5-6)]pon`q`m\ghdidno`mnijo`_
oc \o nh \gg ^cdg_m`i \i_ jg_ k`jkg` r `m` k \mod^p g\mgt \aa`^o`_+
Akd_`hd^n) ijo cpib`m ^mdn`n o`i_ oj cdo nk`^dad^ \b` bmjpkn+ Pc`
^ji^gpndji hpno ]` oc\o oc` h\di ^\pn`n ja ^mdndn hjmo\gdot `\mgt di
oc` .6oc ^`iopmtr`m` `kd_`hd^ _dn`\n`n+
Aq\gp\odjija`skg\i\odjinojoc`hjmo\gdot_`^gdi`
Qig`nn^g`\modh`*nk`^dad^^ji_dodjinkjdioojoc`^jiom\mt)oc`^\pn`n
jk`m\odib \o oc` jin`o ja oc` _`^gdi` di h jmo\gdot ncjpg_ \gnj ]`
dhkjmo\ioajmoc`^jiodip`_a\gg+ Op]n`lp`iogt) joc`m^\pn`nh\tejdi
dijmnpk`mn`_`oc`jmdbdi\g^\pn`%n&+Pc`^c\gg`ib`dnojadi_oc`^\pn`
jm^\pn`njaoc`jin`ojaoc`hjmo\gdot_`^gdi`)rcd^c\gnj`skg\dioc`
^jiodip`_ a\gg di hjmo\gdot) \n r`gg \n `skg\di rct dia\ion r`m` nj
n`q`m`gtcdo]toc`hjmo\gdot^mdn`n+
Sc`ioc` no\modibkjdiojaoc`hjmo\gdot_`^gdi`dnkpnc`_]\^foj
oc`odh`]`ajm`.5.2)oc`m`dngdoog`m`\njiojgjjfajm^\pn`njk`m\odib
jigt\ao`mocdnt`\m+ Pc`nh\ggkjsq\^^di\odjir\ndiomj_p^`_ ncjmogt
\ao`m oc` opmi ja oc` ^`iopmt+ Eo hdbco c\q` c\_ dhkjmo\i^` _pmdib
oc` .6oc^`iopmt) ]po ^`mo\digt ijo dioc` km`^`_dib ^`iopmt+
Ojgqd Ojbi`m c\n aj^pn`_ ji didod\odq`n amjh oc` \pocjmdod`n oj
dhkmjq`kp]gd^c`\goc\i_km`q`io_dn`\n`n_pmdiboc`g\no_`^\_`nja
oc`.5oc^`iopmt+Pc`adbpm`namjh=nf`m\i_>\`mphnpbb`no)cjr`q`m)
\_`^gdi`dihjmo\gdotamjh\i`\mgd`mno\b`+Pc`km`n`i^`ja_j^ojmnjm
hd_rdq`n ^\iijo `skg\di oc` dh kmjq`_ ^c\i^`n ja npmqdq\g+ =b\di
oc` _`^gdi`dihjmo\gdotr\nr`ggjidonr\t]`ajm`oc`k\mdncc\_don
jri _j^ojm+ Qinfdgg`_ gj^\grjh`ic`gk`_ jpo dihjno]dmocn) pk oj
.513oc`m`r\n jigtji`hd_rda`dioc` k\mdnc+5Pc`admno_j^ojmrcj
\^op\ggt gdq`_ di oc` k\mdnc ^\h` di .530+ D`\goc ^\m` r\n ijo ^ji*
nd_`m`_ oj]`q`mtdh kjmo\io+6
Oo~g`@tmqdfc\ngjjf`_ajmk\mod^pg\m^\pn`nojoc`_`^gdi`dihjm*
o\gdot \i_ nom`nn`_ oc` dhkjmo\i^` ja]m`\no*a``_dibc\]don+ Ei=nf`m
\i_ >\`mph oc` nc\m` ja dia\io hjmo\gdot di oc` ojo\g hjmo\gdot r\n
\ghjno oc` n\h` _pmdib oc` .5oc ^`iopmt \n oc` .6oc ^`iopmt+ Pcdn
npbb`non oc\o oc`m` r`m` ^jhhji ^\pn`n oj oc` _`^gdi` di oc` EIN
\i_ dioc` ?@N) ]pooc`adbpm`n di_d^\o`oc\ooc` _`^gdi` dihjmo\gdot
_d_ ijo no\mordoc oc` dia\ion+
Pc`dia\ionr`m` n`q`m`gtcdo]toc`^mdndnt`\mn)rctr\n ocdn nj<
>m`\no*a``_dib r\n q`mt dhkjmo\io ajm npmqdq\g ^c\i^`n ajm ^cdg_m`i
a``_dib c\]don r`m` nj ag`sd]g` \i_ nj \_\ko`_ oj n`\nji\g rjmf
km`nnpm` di oc` \bmd^pgopm\g nj^d`ot \n @tmqdf \mbp`n+ Eo n``hn hjm`
m`\nji\]g` oj ]`gd`q` oc\o ]m`\no*a``_dib k\oo`min r`m` hjm` no\]g`+
S` _j ijo fijr oc` ]m`\no*a``_dib k\oo`min di =nf`m \i_ >\`mph)
]po\pnp\g\nnphkodjidnoc\o^cdg_m`ir`m`]m`\no*a`_6oj./hjiocn
di oc` om\_dodji\g nj^d`ot+.- Mp`nodjin \]jpo g`iboc ja g\^o\odji k`*
mdj_) \i_ r c`i \__dodji\g ajj_ r\n bdq`i) \m` dh kjmo\io ajm oc`
dhhpidot _`a`in`ntno`h)]pooc`thpno]`g`aopi\inr`m`_+ >m`\no*
a``_dibkmjo`^on k\mod^pg\mgt r`gg \b\dino b\nomjdio`nodi\g _dn`\n`n+
Kigt q`mt n`mdjpn pi_`mijpmdnch `io g`\_n oj gjnn ja hdgf di oc`
hjoc`m)]po`kd_`hd^n)k\mod^pg\mgtb\nomjdio`nodi\g_dn`\n`nh\tc\q`
g`\_ojnom`nn)\ibpdnc\i_gjnnjaagpd_\i_^jin`lp`iogtojg`nn`aad^d`io
]m`\no*a``_dib+ = _dn`\n` rc`m` ]m`\no*a``_dib bdq`n gdoog` jm ij
kmjo`^odji\o\gg) m\b`_kmj]\]gtdi.43.+ Pcdnt`\moc`EINr\ncdbc
]po oc` ?@Nr\n ijo nomdfdibdi\itr\t+
Sc`i^cdg_m`i]jmijpojar`_gj^fc\_njhp^ccdbc`mhjmo\gdot)
oc`ipomdodji\gno\opnajmoc`hjoc`m_pmdibkm`bi\i^th\tc\q`c\_
\i \_q`mn` `aa`^oajmoc`a`opn) ]po g\^f ja jkkjmopidod`n ajm oc` hjo*
c`moj]m`\no*a``_\i_^\m`ajmc`m^cdg_r\nkmj]\]gthjm`dhkjmo\io+
Pcjh\n I^G`jri c\n ]``i oc` hjno k`mnp\ndq` \_qj^\o` ja oc`
dhkjmo\i^` ja ipomdodji+.. Ddn ^jio`iodji dn oc\o oc` ipomdodji\g no\*
opn)ijo]tdon`ga)]po]th\fdiboc`kjkpg\odjinomjib`m)rdggdi^m`\n`
oc`b`i`m\gm`ndno\i^`ojoc`a\o\g`aa`^onja`kd_`hd^n+I^G`jri\mmdq`n
\o ocdn ^ji^gpndji h jm` ]t m`e`^odib \go`mi \odq ` jm ^jh k`odib
`skg\i\odjin) oc\i]t \ ocjmjpbc `skg\i\odji jacjr oc` ipomdodji\g
no\opnm`\ggtrjmfndim`g\odjioj`kd_`hd^n+ I^G`jric\ng\o`m]``i
^mdod^du`_+Pc``aa`^ojah \gipomdodjiji`kd_`hd^nq\md`nrdococ`otk`
ja_dn`\n`+ Ddn oc`jmtdiijo\^^`ko`_ \n\pidq`mn\g`skg\i\odji)]po
dodnrjmocrcdg`ojf``kdihdi_diocdn^\n`+
Ei=nf`m\i_>\`mphoc`admnokjo\oj`nr`m`kg\io`_dioc`.45-d`n)
]pooc`]m`\focmjpbc^\h`\ao`moc`opmijaoc`^`iopmt+./Jjmr`bd\i
cdnojmd\in c\q` _`]\o`_ oc` dhkjmo\i^` ja oc` kjo\oj+ N\oc`m oc\i
aj^pndib ji oc` kjo\oj \gji`) oc` rcjg` npkkgt ja ajj_ ncjpg_ ]`
nop_d`_+ Pcdn h`\in di \__dodji oj oc` ojo\g \bmd^pgopm\g td`g_n) \gnj
oc` ^jiomd]podjijaadnc`mt \i_ dhkjmon ja bm\di+ Qiajmopi\o`gtoc`m`
\m` ij pi^jhkgd^\o`_ `nodh\o`n ja oc` ojo\g npkkgd`n ajm oc` ^jpiomt
\nrcjg`+Ijnocdnojmd\inh\dio\dioc\ooc`_`q`gjkh`iodi\bmd^pgopm`
r\nkjndodq`)]pododnijo^`mo\dirc`oc`mdof`kopkrdococ`kjkpg\*
odji bmjroc+ Bjm =nf`m \i_ >\`mphoc` \pocjmn jaoc` k\mdnccdnojmt
^ji^gp_` oc\o oc` npkkgd`n c\_ di^m`\n`_ pk oj .5.-+
* .42 *
Pc` dh kjmo ja bm\di oj oc` ^jpiomt di^m`\n`_ _pmdib oc` .5oc
^`iopmt.0) \i_ \ k\mdnc ji oc` ^j\no ja oc` njpoc`\no`mi k\mo ja
Jjmr\t) gdf` =nf`m \i_ >\`mph) ^`mo\digt ]`i`ado`_ amjh ocdn+ Eo dn)
cjr`q`m) ijo gdf`gt oc\o md^c`m npkkgd`n c\_ \ _dm`^o `aa`^o ji oc`
hjmo\gdot ji oc` di_dqd_p\g g`q`g+ Ei np^c \ ^\n`) ji` rjpg_ c\q`
`sk`^o`_ oc \o h jmo\gdot ncjpg_ c\q` q\md`_ r doc nj^d\g bmjpk+
@`hjbm\kcd^ nop_d`n ja k\mdnc`n diJjmr\t _pmdib oc` .5oc \i_ .6oc
^`iopmd`n c\q` ijo ncjri \ ntno`h\od^ ^jmm`g\odji ]`or``i nj^d\g
bmjpk \i_ hjmo\gdot+ Ei =nf`m \i_ >\`mph) dia\io hjmo\gdot _pmdib
oc` .6oc ^`iopmt _`^gdi`_ ndhpgo\i`jpngt ajm a\mh`mn \n r`gg \n ajm
^joo`mn) ^m\aonh`i) adnc`mh`i \i_ n\dgjmn+
Aq`i da oc` kjkpg\odji \n \ rcjg` r\n ]`oo`m a`_) oc` ocm`\o ja
n`mdjpn`kd_`hd^nr\nnodggkm`n`io+Pc`_tn`io`mt^mdndndi.5-6dnijo
\npaad^d`iom`\njioj _dn^\m_ \ctkjoc`ndn\]jpo\hjm`r`gga`_\i_
m`ndno\io kjkpg\odji+ Pc` jpo]pmno ja n`mdjpn _dn`\n`n g\o`m di oc`
^`iopmt)]pordocjponp^c_dn\nomjpn^jin`lp`i^`n\n _pmdiboc` .5oc
^`iopmt \i_ _pmdib oc` J\kjg`jid^ r\mn) dn ^jhk\od]g` r doc oc`
`skg\i\odji+ Ea \ kjkpg\odji di^m`\n`n don m`ndno\i^` oj dia`^odji) oc`
`aa`^oja`kd_`hd^ndnhjm`gdhdo`_)]pooc``kd_`hd^n_jijo_dn\kk`\m+
Pc` ^\pn`n ja oc` _`^gdi` di hjmo\gdot di Jjmr\t c\q` ijo ]``i
_`o`mhdi`_ di ocdn k\k`m+ Pc` \i\gtndn ja =nf`m \i_ >\`mph ncjrn
oc\o oc` hjmo\gdot no\mo`_ oj _`^gdi` \gm`\_t _pmdib oc` .5oc ^`iopmt)
`q`idaoc` k\mdncdn ndop\o`_ rdocdi\i\m`\ jacdbchjmo\gdot) \i_ do
ncjrn oc\o dia\ion r`m` ijo nk\m`_ amjh hjmo\gdot ^mdn`n+ Pc` `\mgt
jin`o ja oc` _`^gdi` ^\iijo npkkjmo \ qd`r oc\o bjq`mih`io \^odjin
c\_didod\gdhkjmo\i^`+>m`\no*a``_dibdndhkjmo\ioajmdia\ionpmqdq\g)
]pododn_jp]oapgrc`oc`moc`_`^gdi`diEINdi=nf`m\i_>\`mph^\i
]` \oomd]po`_ oj ^c\ibdib]m`\no*a``_dibc\]don+
=hjm`b`i`m\gm`ndno\i^`dioc`kjkpg\odji_p`oj]`oo`mipomdodji\g
no\opn dn) h\it t`\mn \ao`m I^G`jri) nodgg \i `skg\i\odji rcd^c dn
ijo`\ndgtkmjq`i)]pododn\gnj_daad^pgooj_dn^\m_+ Bmjh\oc`jm`od^\g
kjdiojaqd`rocdndnijo\_`ndm\]g`kjndodji+Eodn)cjr`q`m)r`ggfijri
oc\ooc` EINoj_\t dn ^jind_`m`_ oj ]` ji` jaoc`adi`nodi_d^\ojmn ja
dhkmjq`h `ion di gdqdib ^ji_dodjin+ Op^c dhkmjq`h `ion h\t c\q`
]mjpbco ji \ _`^gdi` di hjmo\gdot \gm`\_t _pmdib oc` .5oc ^`iopmt di
Jjmr\t) gjib]`ajm` oc` h\bd^\g) kjgdod^\g t`\m ja.5.1+
Jjo`n
. F+ >\^f`m) >+[\c`^_\k\e f^ [\ej wijXb\i ` H fi^\ ,301(,400) O - O ij+ .-) Oo\odnodnf
n`iom\g]tm~ %Kngj) .63.&) k+ 10+
/ I+ @m\f`)JfglcXk`feXe[MfZ`\kp`eHfinXp,2.0(,310 %?\h ]md_b`).636&+
0 O+ @tmqdf) Ljo`o\) _j_nm\o\ jb _`h jbm\ad`i ) B`jkfi`jb k`[jjbi`]kij+ 0,45) k+ /36
\i_O+ @tmqdf)G\ccfd Yif[i\ ,23+(,3.+= n^c`cjpbnJ jmb`ncdnojmd`)qjg+ 4 %Kngj)
.663&)k+/-.+
1 O+ @tmqdf) Ljo`o\)_j_nm\o\jb_`h jbm\ad`i )B`jkfi`jbk`[jjbi`]kij+0%.645&)k+/44+
2 O+ @tmqdf) O k`_]\mi_j_`i d Aoi` km`no`be`g_ .4.3*.6-- ) di C`dm =og` Amng\i_) A_b\mD jqg\i_jbOo~g`@ tmqdf$\[%()@\jkjbi`]kk`cB`jkfi`jb`ejk`klkkj/+(vijalY`c\ld)
D dnojmdnf dinodopoo) Q idq`mndo`o`o d >`mb`i) Ofmdao`m / %>`mb`i) .664&+
3 O+Ojbi`m)@fcb\m\bjkf ^ ]cpkk`e ^%Kngj).646&)kk+.-1aa+
4 Pc`J \odji\g=m^cdq`n jaJ jmr \t) oc` ?`inpn di.5.2) = f`mncpn _dj^`n`+
5 H+Pcp`);jb\i,3/+(,43+%Kngj).651&)k+ .//+
6 F+ I tcm`)<\\ild ,3/+(,43+ %Kngj).65/&)kk+ .34*.35+
.- I+ Njn`i]`mb) > m`\no*a``_dibLm\^od^`diJ jmr \t.53-*.651 )DflieXc f ]Y`fjfZ`Xc
MZ`\eZ\ %.655& qjg+/-) k+ 22+
.. P+I^G`jri)N_\Gf[\ieL`j\f ]JfglcXk`fe %Hji_ji).643&+
./ H+I \mocdin`ijbD+S dib`);jb\iXe[<\\ild k`c ,3/+ %Kngj).650&)kk+ 03/*05.+
.0 F+ D `mno\_) Bjgf`q`fno) ~f`m]mpfjb fjmidh kjmo ) B`jkfi`jb k`[jjbi`]kij+ 1 %.65-&)
kk+05-*05.+
* .44 *