DISSERTATIO HISTORICA
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R I T U G E R E N D I GLADI OS IN PACE.
Q U A M ,
F E N I A A M P L I S S . F A C U L T . P H I L O S .
P R Æ S I D E
M ao . K RICO M. FA NF,
H I S T O K . P R O F . R E G . E T O R D. S . R . S .
P UB LI CE V E N T I L A N D A M S I S T I T
E R I C U S PHI LI P. P L A D E C I U S
S U D E R M A N N U S .
IN AUDLT. GUSTAV. MAJORI, D . X IX . JUNII 1783-
U P S A L I Æ ,
A p u d J o h. Ed m a n, Direct, e t Re c. Ac a d. T ypocr.
A M P L I S S I M O V I R O
D m m a g n . s a e f s t r ô m ,
A D C U R IA M U P S A L Î E M E M M A J O R E M , S E N A T O R l D E X T E R R I M O ,
F A U T O R I O T T i M O !
T llu x it àemum Ries v i t i s fa t e x p e titu s, quo ulla exflaret memoria fa v o r is T U I in me inlîgnis. Ingenue enim fa te or to t t antis que T E adfecifje me beneficiis, ut baud fecus ac filium me babuiffe videaris. E x im ia m banc benevolentiam, ta cita quidem U p riv a ta veneratione, nullo non tempore (um profecutus; a t , quid clienti c a n u s, optatius quid■ occafione, quot demum cumque illa iit , opportuna, g r a ti fin ia m m entem , rw/ debetur , paulo altius j'ignificandi ? A u f picato f ic m ibi cadit prae fens rerum conditio, dum (pecimen illud Academ icum luci com m itto publica. IIoc T I B I F A U
T O R O P T I M E ! ut in pluribus Iingvis & difeiphnis verfii- tijjitno, p r x je r tim vero Nobili [fimi H i flor ici Studii am anti [fi- mo, /» g r a ti (fimi anim i te fe r a m j aerum facere offerre, volui, debui. Sujcipias, qualectimqae iflu d m unus, iw/fM fer eno, me que T I B I in poßerum commendatum habeas. Cet et um Sum m um rerum Statorem precibus d e fa ti
gare non in te rm itta m ardenti [fimis, dignetur annos pylios, Salvum Sofpitemque T E p r a ß are in F A M 1L I Æ ''TU/E cer
t i [fimum fu lc r u m , omniv.mque clientum T u o ru m , /‘»ter me quoque numerare audeo, gaudiuui exoptati [fimum. A d ci
neres ujque permaneo,
A M P L I S S I M I N O M I N I S T U I
C u lto r H u m illim u s
E R I C U S P H I L I P P U S P L A D E C I U S .
D E R I T U G E R E N D I G L A D I O S IN P A C E .
i h i l e f t , in q uo mi nus fefc o c c u p e t h u m a n a curiofitas, q u a m in iliis, quae q u o t id i e oculis u f u r p a m u s , &
in qui bus luculentiilima t a m e n canae antiquitatis veftigia ha u d r a r o delircfcunt Qui A u r o r e s Graecos La t in o s- q u e , litus ant iq ui lf imo ru m p o p u l o r u m d e f c r i b e n t e s , c u m a c c u r a t i o n e fcrutati f u n t , a r m or u rf î uf u m t e m p o r i b u s a lmæ pacis iftis g ent ib us fuifle i n f o l i t u m , q v a vi s p a g i n a c o n v i n c u n t u r , /]pud Graecos, ut r e f e r t Lucianus, cautum erat m ulcla, ne quis in urbe, cum tiibil necejje f i t , an n a gellet aut arm atus procedat in publicum, a) N e m i n i q u o q u e a p u d R o m a n o s licitum f ui fl e, a rmi s i nf tr u£ tu m in fena t u m i r e , Cicero ipfc c o n f i r m a t : In fenatum ire (inquit) le x vetabat. Itaque P. Cornificius in fenatu, u t invidiam M iloni fa c e r e t, ferrum d ixera t eum habere in tra tunicam ad fem ur alligatum b). A r m o r u m i m m o atque g l a d i o r u m p o r t a t i o n e m p r o h i b u e r e v e f t i m e n t o r u m g ene ra , v i g e n r e pace R o m a n i s ufitata. Q u i p r i m o r i b u s t a n t u m labris illorum antiquitates d e g u ft a ve ri t, illum h a ud fuge*
r e e x i f t i m a v c r i m , pacat os R o m a n o s cives T o g a fuifle i ndut os , quae ab humeris ad talos fere p e rtin g e b a t, ut r e f er t Cicero c) E r a t rotunda und equa que conftri6l a } itaque imrnijpi jupra caput injeSlu uno corpus totum vefiieb a t, laxe patentibus in fummo faucibus, ut non caput modo Jed et j a m brachium humerusque d e x te r , cum luberet, commode exjeri
§. i.
A 2 poffiet,
fl) L u cinnus dc G y m n a li i s .
/’) E x c o m m e n t . in Ep. Cic. ad A lttic u m Lib . 2 Ep- 2 4 . c) Cic. O r a t , p r o Cluentio.
pofjet, ac particula illa ad cervicem arreSla r v e l in cnput attra h i vice p i l e i , tempore a ß us aut p l u v i a , v e l ab eo remo
veri poßet in occurfit v iri botiefii, coram quo debebat aperiri ca
p u t. E t tunc fie b a t, ut lacinia to g a , /ub d e x tra ala pro- viiffje, ad bumerutn letvum decurier et, fucer et que Unum aliquem obliquum, definiendo per rugas non perinde aequaliter vel breves vel longas. Ceterum ad partes in feri ores er ut c lau j a, ut corpus velaretur, quod tunc tem pons non b</b<rcnt femora I/o.
ve l braccas. d ) Q v u m hoc veilitu > pacaris f ub t e m p o r i b u s , Romani; Temper ufi f u e r e , u n d e e tj am f a d u m e d , u t v o ca b u l u m Toga apud Glalficos a u £ t o r e s , p e r met o- m y n i a m , p 1:0. pa.ee f u m a t u r ; hinc facili c o l l i g i m u s n e g o t i o , illos fub e o d e m gl adios g e r e r e n o n p o t u i d e ; v e
r u m q v u m illi elfent i n n u e n d i , aliud a d h i b u e r e v e d i m e n - t o r u m g e n us , pall ium fciiicet br ev iu s, & q u o d ad g e n u a t a n t u m p e r t i n g e r e t , Sagi n o m i n e infi gnit utn a tq ue i deo ad d e f i g n a n d u m bellum f r e q u e n t e r adhibi tum. J a m v e r o c o n l i a t , u b iq u e t e r r a r u m , ab o ri ent al ibus f o l u m g e n t i bus fi di fc e fl e ri s , qui laxioribus, æque ac Gr a rc i & R o man i, u t u n t u r v e d im e nr i s , f r e q u e n t e m e d e e t . d u m in pace g e d a t i o n e m , atque ad d e fi g n a n d u m i n d g n i o r e m civilis q u o qu e dignitatis- g r a d u m a d h i b e r i ; n o n a li unde h u n c m o r e j n , q u a m medii, ex aevi t e m p o r i b u s fuas r e p e t e r e o r i g i n e s , e ri t m a n i f e d u m ; & q u o n i a m a p u d a n i m u m c o n d it u i, a n t e q u a m Mufis U p f a l i e r d b u s u l t i m u m d i x e r i m vale, e xercit ium, q ua le c un q ue A c a d e m i c u m in l u ce m p r o fer re, m a t e r i a m illam e l i g e n d a m d u x i , q u a m , p r o rudi m ea M i n e r v a t e nu ib us qu e aliis f a c u l t a t i b u s , B o n o c um D e o , a mpl ius p e r d r i n g e r e c o n a r e r ; ut v e r o innox-ias hafce m e di t a t i on e s, L e d o r Be nevol e, b o ni co nfu la s &
in m i t i o r e m i n t e r p r e t e r i s p a r t e m , h u m i l l i m u m in m o
d u m c o n t e n d o . §. II,
i ) K ippingii. A n t i q u i t , R o m , L ib . I V . Cap. V , P n i a g r . V . p n g . 4 9 s .
§■ ' i -
G e n t e s illas b a r b a r a s , qtiæ verf us finem Seculi I V i m p e r i u m R o m a n u m i n u n d a r e o c c e p e r a n t , atque e x c u n t e d e m u m Sec. VI. d e f t r u x e r a n t fere p e n i t u s , c æ d e & r a pinis o m n i a infeftafle atq ue a r m o r u m vi l i n gu l a, q u æ libi t r i b u e r a n t , exercuifle j ura, quavis p a gi na l oq ui tu r hujus t e m p o r i s hifloria. A b illarum qu oq ue fedibus in E u r o p a ltabi 1 itis i n it iu m d u c it m.edium illud a v u m , ex q uo t o t t a n t a q u e m o i u m a tque r it uum veltigia e t j a m n u m i n t e r n o s r el i du a habemus. Ita aurem rum ufu r e c e p t u m e r a t , ut armi s d i r i m e r e n t u r l ingul æ, quæ p r iv a t o s i nte r e x o r i r i p o t u e r i n t , c o nt r o v e r l i æ , ut & i î l æ . u n a c u m ipfis bellicis i nf tr um enr is , p e r h e r e di ta t em pol ler is t r a n s m i t t e r e n t u r . e) Q u i n & turbis & violentia a deo o m n i a p l e na , ut jus publicas vias rapi ni s infeftandi, velut l e gi t i m u m fibi t r i b u e r e n t D o m i n i feodales, f uadenr c I m p e r a t o r e F R E D E R I C O II. in comi ti is E g e r e n ü b u s An. 1219.
aegre d e p o l i t u m . Hir.c fatis p a t e t , omnes , qui illis fub t e m p o r i b u s f ecuritatc vitæ boni sque fuis uti d e f i d e r a r e n t , a r m i s i n d r u £ l o s e d e d e be re , & ex h oc t em por is i n t e r v a l l o , R itu m gladios in pace gerendi d e r i v a n t f cr i pt oi es . J a m a u t e m conll ar, apud ferocilltmas illas gentes , m e d i o fub æ v o in E u r o p a d o m i n a n t e s , o m n ib u s , quæ ad j u lt u m o r d i n e m , r e g i m e n q u e legibus m o d e r a t u m I pecl abant , li
c e t p r o r f u s elfent deffiruti, m o r e m t a me n illum h o m i n e s i n liberos Jcrvosque d i l l i n g u e n d i , ubi que invalui fle, ex q u i bu s liberi illi homines, allodialia fua bona p o l b d en t e s o m n i i m p e r i o foluti , a d e o q ue h au d fecus atque in flatu n a t u rali c o n ft i tu t i v i v e b a n t ; Servi c o n rr a , a D o m i n i s fuis,
A 3 va ri i s
e) A d q u e m cu n q u e bereditns te r r a p erven erit , ad illum veftis bellica, id efl Joricn & u ltio p r o x im i fc1 fo lu tio leudis debet p ertin ere, L eg es A n g l o J - S avon icar.
vari is r at i oni bus peflime t r a n a b a n t u r . I n t e r alia v e r o , qune iibi v i n d i c a b a n t , privi legi a L ib eri homines, equo v e h e n d i ftri£t oque gl adi o hoftes i n f e q u e n d i p l e n o g a u d e b a n t j u r e : p e d ib us v e r o i r e , b aculos que gcflare Servis t a n t u m , crallilTima fub b ar ba ri e, e r a t p e r mi (bum ; fufte i taque ab aliquo i mpa£lus i g n o m i n i a not ab at ur, q u u m f e r v o r u m m o r e p le &e re t ur , q u o d etj am e g r e g i e c o n f i r m a t u m it C e l e b e r r i m u s M ontesquieu, cujus v e r b a rei v e r i tat em a d f h u e n t i a a df er re licet: Les G entils - hommes fe b a tt oient entr eux à cheval 8t* avec leurs armes, 8^ les v il lains fe baitoient, à pied léf avec le baton. De* la il J u iv it que le bâton était L infinim ent des outrages, parce qu un homme qui en a voit été b a ttu , avoit été tra ité comme un villain, f )
§. m .
A t t e n t o s fi in c o nf v e t u d i n e s v e t e r u m Sveciæ i n c o l a r u m conjiciamus oculos, eos ab antiquis r e t r o feculis a r m a in publicis fuis c o n v e n t i b u s gellide, haud d u b i e e tj am d e p r e h e n d i m u s , q u o d inter alios, firmilïïmis p r o barum ivit No bi l il ii mu s Lagerbring a r gu me n ti s . S e n t e n tia a R e g e i pfo aut L e g i f e r o hifce in comitiis p ro la t a, li civibus Up fa li æ c o g r e g a t i s placuiflet, a r m a fua m a g n o c u m ftrepicu c onc ulf er unr , i ft amq ue v i b r a t i o n e m W npntak, feu T in g ta k a pp el la ru nt , ut rect e m o n u i t No b i l i l i i mu s Ihre in G l o l f a r i o fuo. g ) T a n t u m v e r o a b f u i t , ut pol l i n t r o d u c t a m R el i g i o ne m C h r i f t i a n a m , a rm a a b je c er in t Sv i o n e s , ut pot ius r i t u m ea p o r t a n d i f an&e o b f e r v a v e -
rint;
/ ) E f p r it des L o ix T o m . 111. p a g . 22.7, & qui nb ilio c it a n tu r , A u r o r e s .
g ) P le n io r e m vocis W n p n tn k d e f e r ip tio n e m a d f e r r e , ( n p e r f l u u m n o n e x if tim a m u s , q u a m nobis fu p p e tit Nobtlift". Z/>re, u t fupei i o r i b u s often d im u s . W a p n t a k erat modus per ftr e p n u m concujforum a rv io ru m plebi.
rint : i m m o eo p r o c c f l e r u n t i n t e n e n d a hac confvetudine, ut, ad facr a c el eb ra n da , fem p e r armis induti acceflerinr;
p r i u s v e r o q u a m t empla i n g r e d e r e n t u r , gladios & reli
q u a m a r m a t u r a m in t e m p l o r u m veftibulis reliquerunt, quæ i n d e JVapnbus r feu IVakenbus a p p e l l a b a n t u r , q u o d n o m e n e r j a m n u m r et i n u e r e , ut fatis iuperq ue p r o m o re fuo i n d ic a nt N o b . Ibre b) & Rev. Hervegbr i) alii- q ue
fc itn o i m condendi, uti re£Ie h a n c vocem explicat D ohncrus in N o tis rui j t. s aul. N o r r v e g i:? j>. 9. eonf. H eim s K rtngla, T o m . II. p. 313.
[)erV b a rd o f im m a n vapnam jinom , oc dcctndo d i n lia u t Liga: arm a f u a c o n cu tieb a n t, omnesque eos exfules ejfe ju ffe r u n t. Ib. p. 4 1 4 . A r n i
hciddi, nt m in f i t t ld o getra W apnatak at f) u i at dam a in cd la gum S ig vrd J a r l oc allati f a c k hjeira til pandans, A r n i ad populum fe r e b a t, u t cnn- cvffis a r m is , ple/nfiitoque publico St g u rd u m C om item , cmnesque Sectarios illius Diabolo adjudicarent. Rem fuo jam aevo u lita ta m dclcribit C O R N . T A C . de m o r i b u s G e rm . Cap. II. C o n fid u n t a rm ati - , Si d ifplicuh f in i e n ti a , fr e m itu a fp trn a n tu r. Sin p la c u it, fra m e a s concutiunt, b) H a u d fibs ore fo-e j u d ic a v erim , (i p?ce Benev. Left. la u d a to ru m feri -
p t o ' u m ve>bn ad p le n io re m vccnbtdi fV a j n l u s e x p lic atio n em b n ic p a n i i - . i p h o l ii b ju n g u in . N o b . Ihre in G lo ffan o liio ita höbet: W ap en hus v c ß u m h im tem pli ita dicebatur, quia p ra reverentia loci f i e r i , omnes qui f i e r a fr e q u e n ta tu m v e r e r e , in pronao arm a f i a deponebant. Rei verita
t e m , e x e m p l o cx H e im ' Kringla d e fu m îo confirmat: T h e ir toko va pu filt, geiugo t:l K y r k io oc Jaugfoo uci vnpuin, m tjja n P i e ß u r jo u n g ottofinngitin.
id e f t : Indu eb a n t a r m a , q u a ante tem plum depofuerc.tit, dum Sacerdos m iffam recitabat m atutinam ,
f) Rev. H erveg b r, d u m in diiTerratione elegantiffima de ufu a n tiq u ita tu m in i ll u f t r a n d a l in g u a Sviogothica & p, 14. varia a r m o r u m genera Svi*- g o t h is n (irata defer ibit , ntque Regis C H R I S T O R H O R I litteras ad Dioe- celiti L in c o p ien fem A n n o I 4 4 1 . datas, u b i a n n o r u m A rm b o rfl, S v a td , B rc d j/x e & S p iu t, od Sacra vel fo ru m p o r t a t i o , in pofterum in terd i
c i t u r , c o m m e m o r o r , liscc de voce W apenhus p r o tu lit verba*. A n te ie r o boc in te rd ic tu m , alio etjam cautum f u i t , ne in interius templum p o rta * r e n tu r , fa r ma fcilicet f i p r a memorata,') cum locus f ic e r ea ratione p ro fa n a•
r i v id e r e tu r : ideoque, quoniam 111 artto deponebantur, inde etjam illi no- men c o n tig it, & W apenhus adpellatum eft. N ec o lfia t, quod altas W a ken - bus n u ncupari fp le a t. V apn enim 421 K ahn idem jig n ific a t, u t eat
que k) M o r e m v e r o h unc , a r m a , v i g e n t e alma pace, gert andi Ecclefiatficæ poreOari c u m r e m o r a m efle fadhi- r u m d e p r e h e n d e r e n t Pontifices R o m a n i , ad illius a b ro - g a r i o n e m (Vadendam, C a r d i n a l e m Nicolaum A l b a n e n f e m , oras ad fep re nt ri on al es, a b l e g a n d u m c u r a v i t Pa pa E U G E N I U S H i , qui S c a nd in a vi am alia q u o q u e r a t i o n e i'ub j u g u m Sedis Ap of t ol ic æ mirreret, incolisque ejus t r i buta q u o t a n n i s p e n d e n d a , D e n a r i u m n e m p e S. P e tr i, G a m e r æ Ponrificiæ i n f e r e n d u m i m p o n e r e t . Ca r di na l is ille, n at io n e Angliis, antea Bteakfpear vocatus, p r i m u m in N o r v e o i a m c u r i u m di rexi t, a n n o 1152. ubi illo t e m p o r e H A R A l . D l Gylte Filii S I G U R D U S , O E S T E N U S ,
& I N G O c la vu m t e n u e r u n t imperii . H o r u m fimultares in Cuos v e rt e n s u f u s , in S I G U R D U M , atque O E S T E - M U M m a g n a m e xe rc u it f ævi ti am , I N G O N E M v e r o ma en i s, i m m o p ater nis c u mu l av it beneficiis n o m i n e q u e (liii illum c on de co ra vi t. F i e ri t a m e n n o n pot uit , ut R e gn a illa in ceteri s Pa p æ m o r e m g e r e r e n t , d o n e c p e r v e - ruflo illo a r m a Temper p o r t a n d i r it u u t e r e n t u r incolae;
i n-
legihus a n tiq u is prœ fertim H eljingicis conflat. R u jlic i n o jlri, h o dierna f ua a rm a , ha culos n e m p e , m u ltis in loris tem plum in g re jfu ri, in hoc ve f i b ul o deponere fb le n t. F eteris E c c k fta C h riflia n i eandem venerationem tem plis habuere, ita q u id em , u t Jpfi Reges Î9’ Im peratores non folum inerm es <edes ftic n ts i n tr a v e r in t , f e d et coronas dsr1 diadem ata depofuerint. Speciali Ï beo- dofii J u n io r is Lege fancitum f u i t , ne qu is a rm a tu s tem plum i n i r e t , i ? v i inde exp elleretu r, n i obedient, c o n f r. B in g h a m , L. 8 . C a p . I I . L, IO. p. 3 38 . k) E ad e m fere f u n t , qu:r adfert D ik m a n in A n t i q u i t . Ecclefiaft. p- 4 0 & 4 1 . lllu f tr is v o n D a lin in p a rte f e cu n d a H i d . R eg n . Svecici, hæ c a d d u ci t v e r b a noftrtp ( e n î e n t i ï m a x i m e c o n g r u a .- U ti den t v i ß , fotu Kon. A I A G N U S L A D U L Å S hade med Bijftap B ryn o lp b i S k a ra , fk e d d e a t, d d dnteligen fö r lik n in g trä ffa d e s emellan K onungen och B iß t o p e n , in fa m t M A G N US (ig p å A ffu m tio n s - H ögtiden i K y rk a n , d a r B ry n o lp b fö r r ä tta d e M a jfan , bortlade V apnen lika fo m alt H ans hojfolk, och g jo rd e k n å fa ll f ö r A l ta re t , bedjande G u d och B ijkopen om f ö r U t elfe. p a g . 3 0 4 .
i n t e r d i x i t i ta qu e Cardinalis, ne u r b i u m cives , li a d u o decim Re g i s fateliitibus d i f c e d a m u s , a r m a t i i n c e d e r e n t . H o c fa£lo no f tr o s in lares p e r v e n i t , f ce p tr a heic t e n e n - tc S V E R K E R O Kolonis filio , c onc il iumque Lincopiae c e l e b r a n d u m c o n v o c a r i julfit. O r d i n i b u s R e g n i , q u u m in l o c u m h un c c o n v e n i f l e n t , blandifUmis v e rb i s A r c h i - E p i f c o p i e l i g e n d i necefîitatem p r o p o f u i t ; cujus licet vot i c o m p o t e m e u m hac oc cal ione n on f ecer int P r o c e r es, R o m a m q u e r e v e r r i i deo f uer it c oa &us , in finu t a m e n libi fuit gr atulatus, q u o d Sve cia m tri buto P a p x fol- v e n d o o b n o x i a m r e d d i d i f f e t , a r m o r u m q u e ibi penitus abolevi fl et ufum. t)
£ I V .
Sed a d iv er t ic u lo in vi*m. Pro m o d u l o i ngen ii in p a r a g r a p h o f ec unda , p op u l o s barba ros , m e d i o fub jfvo, Italiam, H i f p a n i a m , Ga l li a m, & r eliqua Europee R e g n a o cc u pa nt e s, de vi ci o s R o m a n o s aliasque g ent es c rude li te r tra£ta(Ie, i nque f er vi rut em m i f e r r i m a m r e d e g i f l e , paucis d e m o n f t r a v i : n ihil o t a me n minus n o n n u m q u a m c ont igi t, ut ferreis iftis f ec ul is , Feodales D o m i n i m an c ip ia fua in r e m u n e r a t i o n e m fidelius præftiti officii p l e n o libertatis jure d o n a r e n t . H u n c m o r e m L o n g o b a r d o s praecipue u- furpaffe p l e n o c o n fi t e nt u r o r e m e d i i aevi S c r i p t o r e s :
B q v u m
t ) Hac d e re ad S V E R K E R U M P ro c e re sq u e Sv e c i* litteras L aterani I V . K o l . Dec. da tas milit Papa A N A S T A S I U S I V . ex q u i b u s liaec ve rba a d a d f e r tio n e m n o l t r a m p r o b a n d a m pertinere v i d e n t u r ! U t pracepto d iv in o , & f r a t r i s N o ß r i ( N i c o l a i ) fla tu tn de libertate E ic k jia r u m v ejtra ru m , a rm is non portandis, i?* aliis ad fa lu te m populi fp ecia n tib u s, fir m ite r oh- fe r v e tis t f c . L i t t e r * in B ulla rio O rnhielm inno p. 6 f . & in E ju s H if to r ia Ecclefiaflica p. 4 * 3 . i n v e n i u n t u r . H a n c r e m f u llu s p e r t r a h a t Lager- h rm g in o p e re H i f t o r ic o m a j o r i , p . l , dc p . I l f .
q v u m v e r o hi D o m i n i f er vo s fuos m a n u m i t t e r e n t ; fo- l e m n i ritu m a n u m i d i o n e m p e r e g e r u n t , pl ures c o mi t e s c o n v o c a n d o , f p l e n d i d i d i m u m c o n v i v i u m i r i d i t u e n d o , in- q u e f r e qu e nt i a i n v i t a t o r u m , c o l a p h u m f er vi s i m p i n g e n do, fagirram, gl adi um aliaque a r m a illis t r a d e n d o , l ibe
ros p r o n u n t i a r u n t . H a n c c æ r e m o n i a m Paulus W arne fri- dus fidius defcribir: m) f 2 fervili finquit) ju g o ereptos ad l i bertatis flatum perducunt, ut nue rata eorum haberi poffit l i b e rta s, Janciunt more / olito per fa g itta m , initum m urantes nihilominus, ob rei firm ita te m , quadam p a tria verba, quai ta n • tum fonant : D ii te hac fa g itta n o b ilite n t, confciantque, tibi Patrice ac P rincipi fueris infidelis. n ) S e r v os in A n g l i a q u o q u e a r m o r u m t r a di t i o n e m a n u m i t t i folitos fuide; L e ges W ilh e lm i N o t h i Angl iæ Re g i s capite 65. faris i n d i cant, q u a r u m v e r b a h u n c r i t u m t a n ge n t ia in m e d i u m p r o f e r r e B e ne o vl o Le £t ori haud i n j u c u n d u m e x i d i m a v e - rim. Si quis velit / ervum fu um liberum fa ce re , tradet eum Pice - Com iti per manum d extra m in pleno c o m ita tu , i f quietum illu m clamare debet a ju g o J e rv itu tis Juœ p er manu- miffionem i f oflendat ei liberas portas i f v ia s , i f tra d a t illi libera at m a, f e i l /cet lanceam i f gladium ? deinde liber homo efficitur. 0) M o r u m illum e x t e r a r u m g e n t i u m &
n o d r i Svi ones f u m m o d u d i o a d h i b u e r u n t , q u o d Palm e- rin t a P alm gart in Militia fua a ur at a di lucide o d e n d i r , d i c en s : Paffini apud Nobilitatem Svecanam ea confvetudo Jan Sie obfervatur, dum pueri aulici alii que inermes fervito res
tricennali
m ) I V n n e f r . de geftis L o n g o b i r d o r . C a p . X l l l .
m) H.rc verba aivnotar Carolas du F ie fn e in G lo flario fuo, O la vu s A ta g n u s in B iev. H i f t o r . g en r. S c ptenrr. L ib . V I I I , C a p . V I I . <& P n ltu c n u s (i P a h n vn rt in Militia fisa n u r a ia C a p . I I I . M f c r . in B ib lio th ec a Beg.
A c ad . U p fa l.
d) Endetn q u o q u e h a b e n t u r in L^ge H e n rici 1. C a p . 7 8 . cfr. D u Cange T o m . I V . C o l . 4 7 3 .
triccnnali Curi ce tirocinio £ f fideliter itbjoluto fam ulitio, in pu'dicis amicorum conventibus £r conviviis, gladio evaginat9 a Dominis verberantur £jf colapho caeduntur, ji eque armorum ferendorum libertate donantur, quod noßratss vocant IVc.r- b o ftig m achen, Svet for klar a någon aaraktig. p.) Ante hujus alapee cj verberif incuffioneui nemini famulantium ty- roman fas efl, aut gladium gefiare, aut duello vitam famam- ve tu eri, fed fervorum ficu mancipiorum more pugnis fudi bus•
que pr&ußis injurias pupulfare tenentur. C e re m o n iam il
lam fuperftirem fuifle, & in Svecia Seculo fuperiori ad huc vigui Hc, luculenter conflat ex Nobiiifl*. Johannis Ro- fenhanes Diario p. fo. in Ralmfkoldianis : ita enim ille:
Ä r 1650. d. 12 J u l. blef Herr Carl Mbrners D otter Cbri- ftina M aria dhpt uti Hy en, och efter dopet gjorde Hr. Carl M onier fin Page Jean Oppelofif w araktig, fordrade honom J v å r d , hi!} , pißo/er Cf c.
§ V .
C e r i m o n i a m hanc fplendidifïïmam fervos non tan.
t u m l ibertate donandos, led & Nobilium pueros in viri
lem o r d i n e m coop tandos fpedtafie, haud fecus ac prae
t ext a a pu d R o m a n o s follemni ritu deponebatur, immo
B 2 &
p ) NobililT, Ih r e hanc vocem egregie, pro m ore fuo explicor. iVaraktig in m onum entis patriis dicitur, qui Germanice W erh afc, a W e r , gewiir, arm a, denatat que e u m , qui portandis arm is idoneus judicatur. Fiebat autem bac cerim onia in A u h s N obilium folcinni ritu arma induendo, fct f genas molli colaplo perfringendo, cum m vtito, ne quid ejusmodi impune ß b i fieri [m eret. V i d e atu r p o r r o S tternhuk de Ju re Svionum verufto p. 154.
q u i fimul a nnorar, cerimoniam hanc anno primo & vicelimo fere per- a f tn m fuiffe. Huc adferre q u o q u e licet Corn. Tac. teftunonium de Ger
m a n i s : A r m a /u m e re ( a it ) non ante cuiquam m oris, quam civitas fu f- fe c iu r u m pro b averit ; tum in ipfo concilio vel Principnm aliquis, vel Pater vel P ropinqvus fcu to fram eaque ju ven em ornant. H ac apud illos toga, hic prim us j u v e n t a bonos : ante hac domus pars, tunc Reipub/ica videbantur.
& in aulas R e g u m m i g r a f l e , nos r e d d i d e r u n t H i f to r ic i c e r t i o r e s : praecipue Paulus Dinecmis q) a d f i r m a v i t , R e g e s G o t h o r u m & L o n g o b a r d o r u m ritui huic t a n t u m (iatuifle p r e t i i , u t e o r u m legi ti mi Filii c um Patre in publica aut p r i v a t a m e n f a c ibum f u me r e n o n a u d e r e n t , a n te q u a m a r mi s i d o n e i ab e x t e r n i s Pr inci pibus d e c l a r a r e n t u r , cjuod e x e m p l o l uci il enti di mo c o n f i r m a t Ol aus M agnus : D um L ongobardi, per a d a vici ori a ad Jedes proprias icm eajjent, Rege fuo O D U /N fnggejjerunt, u t ejus filio /1 I B 11 I N con
v ivia fierent , cujus v ir tu te in proelio R egis Gepidarum occifo filio , v i floriam cepifient, ut qui P a tri in periculo, ita cP in convivio comes effet. Quibus O D U 1N re (pondi t : fe hoc facere minime pojje, ne ritu m g en tis in frin g eret; fc itis , in q u it, non ejje apud nos confuetudinem, u t R egis cum P a tre filius pra n d ea t, nili p riu s a Rege g en tis e x te r a arma fu fe i- pia t. H is A L B U I N a P a tre a u d itis, quadringentis j u
venibus f u m t is , 7 L R 1S M Ü N D U M Gepidarum Regem , cujus filium alias in bello occiderat, infigm a armorum p etitu ru s accejjlt : Quem R e x benigne ju fcip ien s, in fiitu to convivio ad dextra m collocavit... ubi federe confveverat filius ejus alias in te r emptus \ quo tam en P ater revo lven s, alta JtiJpiria t r a x it, g ra vem e x iß i mans filii m utationem , oh q u a m , cum R e g is alter filius , a u lic i, ^ / / r edi. fh s , vindicare con
tenderent ; eosdem fub dira interm inatione com pe- J cu it, afferens, eam v i floriam effe im p ia m , Åo-
fpitem in domo propria c ecid erit; unde &T1 Ungulos in la ta convivia redire d ecreverit, fumensque arma F ilii fui in te r em ti A L B U I N tr a d i d i t , at que cum pace incolumitate ad
P atris Regnum rem i lit ; dehinc P a tris conviva ja flu s, omnia ordine n a r r a v i t , in f ignem que laudem pro tanta audacia m e r u it; j e d multo m ajoritn 7 L R J S M Ü N D L S , piro conflan
t i (fima
tijj'v .a fide in iofpitcm efferatijfim nm obfcrvaXn. r ) Ha £ t e - nus ille. Q u o d ad c et er os E u r o p æ R e g e s , m e d i o fu b fevo, Horenres a r r i n e r , i l l o s , li d éb it a a t t e n ti o ne Scr ipt a H i f o r i c o r u m nobi s r e d d a m u s f ami li ar ia, h u n c m o r e m filios fiios a r m o r u m t r ad i t i o ne in o r d i n e m m il i t a r e m c o o p t a n d i , e xft inct is R e g i b u s G o t h i c i s & L o n g o b a r d i - cis, fuis in aulis o m n i f er vafl e a d e u r a t i o n e , procul d u bi o c ol li gi mu s 3 & h uj us ritus e vi de nt il li ma n obi s praebet e x e m p l a llluflrillirous D u Frejne in G lo f f a r i o fuo excel*
l e n t i l î i r n o , q v o r u m n o nn u ll a, Be ne vol i Le£Ioris c o n fe n - fu, ad l l a b i l i en d am n o i l r a m f e n t e n t i a m a d f e r r e conftirui- iTius: Vi t a L U D O V1C I PI I A n , 791. ira h a b e t : P a tr i P egi R e x L U D O R IC U S ad Ingelheim occurrit, in deque R e- gcnsburgnui co a b iit, ibique en je ja m appetens adolcffenties tempora , accinédits eff. E t a n n o 837, D om inus Imperator filiu m Iitum C A R O L U M a n n is virilib u s, id r/?, cnfe c in x it
&rV. G h r o n i c o n S a l e r n i t a n u m cap. 80. hire r ef e r t v e r b a : S ed dum adole/cens faéhts fui(fiet, e r more, ipfi ja m diElus R e x arma d o n a v it, at que cum b o n a e Salernum m ißt. I V il- hel mus M almesbury Lib. 2. de G e d i s A n g l o r u m d e Æ T H E L S T A N O R e ge , haec dicir: Nam et avus A L F R E - D U S prnjperuvt ei imprecatus fuerat, videns & g r a tiofe com
p lex u s fipeciei Jpeclatœ puerum , cfi gejhinm elegantium, quem e t j a m praemature M ilitem fecerat, donatum chlamyde coccinea, gem m ato bait beo, en fie Saxon ico 1 urn vagina aurea,
H e r n i c u s H u n t i n d o n Lib. 8* Hi ftor . A ng l . H E N R IC O N epoti fiuo D A F J D R e x Sedorum virilia tra d id it arma.
L/ovedcnns p a r t I. Poß becc in hebdomade PentecoRcs filium ficum Henricitm apud IF cfim onaffcrium , ubi curiam luam te n u i t, arvi is m ilitaribus honoravit. Thomas IValfinghamus p. 507. Kal. Febr. D ie Dom inica in vigilia purificationis
B 3 E D .
r ) H ift. Sepfenr. G ?nr. Li h. V I H , Cap. I I I .
E D I 'A R D U S ( R e x ) ju v e v is /ufcipit nr ma n r Îi t nr i a cum m u ltis n/iis. Or deviens S i t alis Lib. 8. tie H E N R I C O pofl- m o t i m n R e g e A n g l o r u m hujtis n o m i n i s p r i m o ha-c n o bis i n d i c a v i t : H unc L auf raucus Darobernenßs Ep? fc opus, du ii juvenile robur attingere v .J it, nel arma pro defenßone Regis J u ß u lit, eu ui] ite lorica induit , o f na le am capiti ejus tm pofm t ei que u t Regis r i h o , z f in Regali (leni mate nato, m ilitia cingulum in Nomine Dom ini c in x it, s) N o (Iros fi c onf ul i mus Hi ftor icos, NobiliiT. von D alin, c e t e r o s , r i t u m illum, gl adi o Pr inc ipe s R e g i o s , aliosque de pa tr ia b e n e me ri to s N o bi l es j uvenes, ( tr enuos i n te r vi ros manu*
que fortes a d op ta n di , in R e g n o nof ir o f u p er i or i foculo liopuilTe, c ert e r e p e r i m u s : ira l egi mus a C A R O L O IX.
R e g e j am e l e i t o , a n n o 1605. p a n o p l i a cin£l um fuifle J O H A N N E M O f t r o g o t h i æ D u c e m , & G U S T A V U M AD . a n n o 1611 a P a r e n t e fuo accepifie a r m a , quæ p r o v e r a R e l ig i on e & Pat ri æ falute, i m m o rt a li c u m n o m i n i s g l or ia p oi t e a geftavir. t) G U S T A V U M q u o q u e A D O L -
P H U M ,
s ) Haec o m n ia d e lu tn ta f u n t ex G loffario D u Cattge T o m . I. C o l . 6 9 } . t ) H a u d i n c o n f u l t u i n d u x i m u s , oc ulis Benevoli Le&oris fn b iic ere ea, quae de hac caerimonia circa P r i n c ip u m l l l u d r i f f i m o r u m per a r m a a d o p t io n e m n o b is von D a lin & f V p v i n g f n p p e d it a n t . Ita e n im ille : D e tin e 'F rins ( H e rtig J O H A N a f (jfle r g ö t h la n d ) b ie f i b ö rja n a f å r e t I Ö O f . i Stockholm a f fin F arb ro r ( K . C A R L I X ) gjord t i l v a ra ktig , d. å. at H a n m ed en vifs Ceremonie, genom en v d r ja , fo m bottom pdfd- fie s , b i e f m a n v u xe n fö r k la r a d , h v a rv id han undfägnade K onungen, m ed e tt p rä k tig t gåjlahud. v. D alins H ift. 4 D el. p. 5 3 9 . D e hoc r i tu Hic fequenria p r o f e r t verba : I be'iynnelfen a f d etta d r et ( 1 6 0 5 ) g jo rd e H e r tig C A R L S in B ro d ers Son H e rtig J O H A N v a ra k tig i S to ck h o lm ; och fedan de v id fd d a n n tilfd lle n , p d den tid e n , vanliga C erem onier voro fu lld n d a d e , undfick H an Jin H e rr Faderhroder m ed et p r ä k tig t B a n q u et och gdfiabod. W e r w . H ifh Rc£. S I G I S M U N D I & C A R L IX. p. 2. p. 1 0 4 . D e Princ ipis G U S T A V I A D O L P H I p e r a r m a i n t r o d u f t i o n e , h u n c in m o d u m diflerit von Dahlin: Innan H a n ( K o n , C A R L I X , ) te ß e ifr d n
P H U M , r e g i m m i a d m o t u m , a n n o 1624 Leonardttm T< rftenfjon, b v e c o r u m in bello rricennali fortidimuni Cam pi - M arejchnllitm, viginti u nu m annos natum armis d o n a d e , ill umque rvaraktig, feu ad e n le m g e d a n d u m p e ri
d o n e u m judicafle, o d e n d it Regni Cancellarne Senator, E pues de Stella Polar i A uratus, Nohiliffimus Dominus Ca- rzVz/r Re m b, Bercb in Traci at a fuol om namnkunnige Sven [lie H err ars och l ruar s Skådepenningar ined bifogade i ef vernes- Be/k t ifningar. «)
$. VI .
C o r o n i d i s l o co paucis rantum m o n e n d u m ducimus, d e p o l i t o a c o m m u n i mulrirudine arma in pace gerendi r i t u , illum velur libi p r o p r i u m v e n d ic a de Nobilitatem S veca n am , illisque p o d m o d u m , qui pari cum eadem d i g ni t at i s g r a d u h a b e r e n t u r , regni oflicialifcus de civili o r d i n e ( /Sdeliga wedcrlikar) c o m e f iu m fuide, ut gladiis
u t e r e n -
R tksdngeu i Ö r e b r o , frrkln rn d c I h n med vnvlig 11’g tid iiip h e t, d. 2_j.
A p r il, fin Sun R ro n -P rin fe n G U S T A F /1D O L F H . fo tu ,'d å vnr p d /7.
i r e t f n r v n rn h tig , eller vuxen nt hâra V open, h vilket heln efterverldcn fed n ti nidfl erkänn*, v D a l i ' s H i f i p. 4 . p 6 ; o . H . t c a d j i c i t W r v i n g : F d ndfl ofvonjngdc G rel.ro Riksdng, oc h d. 2 4 A p r i li s , rndude Kotiutuj C A R I , offenteHgen J Y rklnrn fin Son H eilig G 1S T A F A D O L P H , Jstn nu Inde iugddt fû t 17 aiders d r , nt vorn J d kon nten til tnnns, Jom tnntl pldgnr Jdgn, det hon künde bdrn H nrne/k 0ch Vnpen, dem bon ock d d , u ti fa tn te lig t R ik ftn s Standers d jy n , Jig uppdtog. V e i v . p. 1 1 . p . 2 2 2. u j A n d ia rrm s q n o q u e I ennnrdi T crfhn/roit per «rrra adoptionem a Nohilif7!
F ercb iMcriprom, lit fupra coirtretnara» imiis. VeiVa ira eins hnbenf : IV id bcmhomflen gjorde Konungen ( G U S T A F A D O I F H ) honom (l.rtm n rt T o r d tn ffo ii) til vnrnktig ( en t n g r mmf l hrukAig Ceremonie, dd en Adling ftWklarndes fo r m onnbar nt vdrja fig f je lf ) f>d Gripsholms Slott d. 23 Oct.
1624. V , N o b . B e rch T ia& ar. l'upra cit. p. 1 3 4 .
u t e r e n t u r . I n h o n o r e m q u o q u e litteris h a b i t u m r e f e r i m u s , q u o d illarum c u l t o r e s , e x qu a d e m u m c u m q u e c o n d i t i o n e fuerint, h o c q u o q u e libertatis
i nfi gne fua i nt er p r iv i le g ia n u m e r e n t .
